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Renewables hit 5,149 GW in 2025 as the world edges away from oil shocks and fossil-fueled conflict

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IRENA energy meeting 2020 abu dhabi
Meeting the press at IRENA in Abu Dhabi

As missiles fly and oil traders panic, one thing is becoming brutally clear: a world powered by more renewables is a world less exposed to political violence, fuel blackmail by Iran and Saudi Aramco, and petro-instability that have long haunted the Middle East.

According to the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), a UN-like energy body based in Abu Dhabi, the world added a record 692 gigawatts (GW) of renewable power capacity in 2025, bringing the global total to 5,149 GW.

Renewables made up 85.6% of all new power capacity added worldwide, while fossil fuel and other non-renewable additions continued to shrink in relative importance. That matters far beyond climate, I believe.

SOMBRA, a name fusing the Latin words for sun (sol) and shade (umbra), is more than a temporary pavilion—it’s a living laboratory. Shaped like a heliodon, the structure mimics how the sun moves through the sky, providing an intuitive experience of solar patterns. It operates without motors, electronics, or external energy. Instead, it breathes, opens, and closes using only passive physical principles.

When countries generate more of their own electricity from solar, wind, hydro and bioenergy, they become less vulnerable to oil and gas chokepoints, tanker wars, Red Sea Houthi pirates, Iranian mullahs, price spikes, and the geopolitics of regimes and armed movements that have historically benefited from fossil fuel dependence. Renewables do not solve extremism on their own, but they do weaken the leverage of fuel-dependent systems that have helped finance instability across the region.

“In the midst of uncertain time, renewable energy remains consistent and steadfast in its expansion,” said Francesco La Camera, IRENA’s Director-General. “A more decentralised energy system, with a growing share of renewables and more market players, is structurally more resilient.”

wind powered cargo ship, Neoliner Origin sail vessel, low emission shipping technology, wind propulsion cargo vessel, Neoline sustainable shipping, industrial sail powered ship, eco friendly ro-ro vessel, rigid wing sail cargo ship, modern wind assisted marine transport, zero emission maritime logistics, wind powered ro-ro ship under sail, sustainable transatlantic shipping, green maritime innovation, wind energy ship propulsion, clean shipping alternative, ocean freight decarbonization, wind driven cargo transport, sustainable ship design, renewable energy maritime vessel, green shipping technology
Saas is used in marine logistics

IRENA, headquartered in Abu Dhabi, is the world’s leading intergovernmental agency for the renewable energy transition. It has 171 members and additional countries in accession, and serves as a technical and policy hub for governments trying to decarbonize while improving energy security. Abu Dhabi is its permanent headquarters.

The biggest gains in 2025 came from solar power, which added 511 GW, followed by wind at 159 GW. Together, those two technologies accounted for 96.8% of all new renewable additions globally.

Wind energy is a business that looks ahead 35 years. How to keep financing stable?

Asia dominated, contributing 74.2% of all new renewable capacity, with 513.3 GW added. China remained the giant, especially in solar, wind, and hydropower, according to IRENA. This doesn’t mean they are a green economy however, because as China grows so does its dependence on fossil fuels. They are not regulated in any way for carbon emissions and tend to do what they want while the rest of the world plants trees and trades carbon credits.

Ormat collects heat energy from the earth's crust transforming it into electricity.
Ormat collects heat energy from the earth’s crust transforming it into electricity. You can buy shares in this company.

India also posted strong wind and hydro gains. In Africa, renewable capacity rose by 15.9%, its fastest jump yet, led by Ethiopia, South Africa, and Egypt. The Middle East recorded its highest annual growth too, rising 28.9%, led by Saudi Arabia. The House of Saud knows they cannot survive on oil alone in the future. They have also been investing in green hydrogen.

The map is wildly uneven. Europe now holds 934 GW in total renewable capacity, while Central America and the Caribbean remain stuck at just 21 GW. That imbalance is not just unfair; it is also dangerous. Countries with low renewable penetration remain more exposed to imported fuel shocks, debt, and fragile grids.

Tesla Powerpacks store energy for grid stability
Tesla Powerpacks store energy for grid stability

The world’s next focus should be obvious: grid expansion, battery storage solutions, off-grid solar, and finance for poorer countries. It is not enough to install panels in China as its economy keeps building endless factories and call it a transition.

“This not only indicates market preference but also makes a strong case for renewable energy resilience with brutal clarity,” La Camera said. And in a world where oil routes can still trigger global panic overnight, resilience is no longer a climate luxury, it is national security.

Zentera drops “ethical wool” claim after PETA exposé into ZQ-certified farms

One worker callously said that instead of providing care for sick or struggling sheep, it was “easier” when they died “out of sight, out of mind.”
One worker callously said that instead of providing care for sick or struggling sheep, it was “easier” when they died “out of sight, out of mind.”

The problem with outsourcing ethically-farmed anything to third party companies. This news should shift how ethical fashion operates and considers liability for wrongful marketing.

The New Zealand Merino Company, now rebranded as Zentera, has quietly removed the phrase “world’s leading ethical wool brand” from its website, a notable change that comes after a disturbing investigation by PETA Asia-Pacific into the company’s ZQ-certified wool supply chain, PETA reports to Green Prophet. Zentara, according to its website, supplies wool for 30 leading fashion brands. They are a supplier that CSR VPs have come to rely on for annual and quarterly reports.

They have changed wording on their website and say that their wool is “grown with care.”

ZQ, which now stands for “Zentera Quality,” is Zentera’s official wool certification label, marketed as a standard for animal welfare, traceability, environmental stewardship and social responsibility. Big brands which feature their products as ethical and “kind” are sold by brands including Allbirds, icebreaker, Smartwool (I love their socks), Mons Royale who touts “we are going regenerative!”; and Untouched World, all of which publicly market items made with ZQ- or ZQRX-certified wool.

Zentera offers a "superior" unstressed wool
Zentera offers a “superior” unstressed wool

For years, wool has been sold to consumers as the natural, sustainable alternative to synthetic fibers. But when “ethical” becomes a marketing shield rather than a measurable reality, the industry has a serious credibility problem. (We buy sweaters from babaa in Spain).

If you go to some of the companies that use ZQ wool they are still celebrating the “eco credentials of their suppliers, like with SmartWool, this screen capture taken April 1. This is not April Fool’s.

SmartWool uses ZQ-certified wool

PETA Asia-Pacific says it went inside 11 farms and shearing sheds in New Zealand that produce ZQ-certified wool, which it describes as “a sham certification standard developed and owned by The New Zealand Merino Company.” According to the animal rights group, investigators found that “shearers kicked, beat, and stomped on sheep and threw them down chutes. One worker slammed a sheep’s head against a hard wooden board three times.”

Green Prophet reached out to Zentera 24 hours ago and there has since been no reply for our request to comment.

All Birds advertise ZQ wool on their website
All Birds advertise ZQ wool on their website: April 1, 2026

The allegations do not stop at the shearing shed.

Despite PETA putting out an alarm about Zentera wool in December, 2026 companies like icebreaker still advertise their supplier's eco-credentials. April 1, 2026
Despite PETA putting out an alarm about Zentera wool in December, 2026 companies like icebreaker still advertise their supplier’s eco-credentials. April 1, 2026

PETA says that sheep from ZQ-certified farms whose fleece production had declined were later sent to slaughter, including to a slaughterhouse owned by Silver Fern Farms. There, according to the organization, sheep were “forced onto conveyer belts, electroshocked in the head, and violently killed.” In its account of the footage, PETA says the stunning process was at times inadequate and that some sheep appeared to show signs of consciousness after their throats were cut. One worker laughed at dying sheep when blood was pouring from its eyes.

Mons Royale uses "regenerative" wool
Mons Royale uses “regenerative” wool

The group says it has submitted evidence from the farms to New Zealand’s Ministry for Primary Industries, calling for investigation and charges over what it describes as apparent violations of animal cruelty laws. Green Prophet has not independently verified the footage or the full scope of the allegations, but the claims are serious enough to put pressure on every brand still using ZQ wool as a reassurance label. We have reached out to Zentera for a comment.

Untouched World touts using ZQ-certified cashmere from possums (Screengrab April 1)
Untouched World touts using ZQ-certified cashmere from possums (Screengrab April 1)

Among the most shocking findings documented by PETA Asia-Pacific were claims that “workers whipped, tackled, and hit sheep with various objects, including a ski pole,” and that “sheep were left with gaping wounds that were stitched up without painkillers.”

“One worker laughed at a sheep as blood ran down their face from an eye injury,” PETA told Green Prophet.

The investigation also describes overcrowding so severe that one sheep was allegedly “smothered to death,” after which “her wool was still shorn to be prepared for sale.” In another alleged incident, “a farmer slit the throat of a conscious sheep after the animal spent days struggling and collapsing. Her body was dumped into a trash pit.”

These are not the kinds of images consumers picture when they buy a merino sweater labeled “ethical.”

And that may be the larger story here.

Fashion has become adept at swapping one moral language for another. “Natural.” “Regenerative.” “Ethical.” “Responsible.” These words can reassure shoppers who want to avoid petroleum-based fast fashion, but they can also obscure what is happening to animals in industrial supply chains. Wool may biodegrade but that does not automatically make it humane.

For brands relying on ZQ-certified wool, the Zentera rebrand raises uncomfortable questions. Was the removal of the “ethical wool” claim a routine repositioning, or a quiet retreat from language that no longer withstands scrutiny?

Either way, the burden now falls on fashion labels, outdoor brands, and luxury houses using certified merino to explain what exactly they mean when they ask consumers to trust them.

Because if “ethical wool” can include animals who are, in PETA’s words, “kicked, punched, killed,” then the label may not mean much at all.

 

Fresh Fava Bean Soup, A Vegan Springtime Recipe

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fresh fava bean soup
Image via thehappylentils.com

Big, gnarly fava bean pods are in season right now, just as winter gives way from cool nights to bright, warm days. Heaps of the greens loved in the Middle East appear in the shouks (Arabic word for market): peas, string beans, asparagus, and for a short while, these fresh fava beans.

Somehow vegetables with short seasons excite the imagination and appetite more sharply than produce that’s available all year around. Good Middle Eastern cooks have many recipes for delicate fava beans, and this turmeric-fragrant soup is one.

Fresh beans are peeled twice: once when when you slide them out of their pods, and again when you squish each bean out from its rubbery covering. True; a little extra work. But it’s a restful task, and the soup is wonderfully herby, and redolent of green Springtime.

Fresh fava beans and pods
Image via thehappylentil.com

The preparation time listed relates to fresh beans. Frozen beans won’t need the peeling.

You’ll notice that the recipe calls for a fair amount of cilantro, but you can easily swap parsley for it if you prefer.

Fava Bean Soup Recipe

Ingredients

2 cups fresh or frozen fava bean pods
1 large leek, well washed and sliced ​​into thin rings (about 2 cups)
2 celery stalks sliced
2 carrots, sliced thinly
2 zucchini, diced
2 large potatoes, diced
2 tablespoons olive oil
1/2 teaspoon turmeric
1 teaspoon salt or more to taste
1/2 teaspoon black pepper
A bunch of coarsely chopped cilantro (about a cup)
8 cups/2 liters water or more as needed

Pull the strings off each pod and open it along the slit to expose the green beans. Use your thumbnail or a small knife. Push the beans out. Make a small cut in each bean, along the black stripe on its side, and squish it free of its sheath.

fresh fava beans
Image by amirmasoud via unsplash

If using frozen beans, skip this step.
Heat olive oil in a deep pot over medium heat. Add the leeks, celery, carrots, zucchini and potatoes. Add turmeric, salt and black pepper, stir and let the vegetables cook gently for about 10 minutes, stirring occasionally.

Add 8 cups of water, stir and bring to a boil. Cook, covered, for 45 minutes over medium heat until all the vegetables are tender.

Add the peeled fava beans, bring back to a boil and continue cooking for another 45 minutes. Check the soup once or twice: if necessary, add a little water.

Using a potato masher, mash the vegetables very coarsely.

Taste for seasoning and add a little more salt and pepper if needed.

Turn off the heat and add a bunch of finely chopped cilantro or parsley.
Serve right away, and enjoy.

fresh fava bean pods
Photo by Miriam Kresh for Green Prophet

Love fava beans and want another recipe? Try this fava bean Iranian salad

image-potato-salad-fava
Potato salad with fresh fava beans

A Fact-Based Reflection on Sustainability and Tourism in Hormuz

A Documented Response to the Article “The Aga Khan Is Greenwashing Their Awards” and a Reflection on the Relationship Between Development, Tourism, and the Environment on Hormuz Island

Salman Rasouli

Critiquing architectural and development projects, particularly within environmentally sensitive contexts, is an essential component of social dynamism and a prerequisite for healthy public discourse. However, such dialogue can only be constructive when it is built upon accurate information, verified field observations, and unambiguous reference to scientific sources.

The article “The Aga Khan is Greenwashing Their Awards,” written by Ronak Roshan and published on September 3, 2025, on Green Prophet, critiques the “Majara Complex and Community Redevelopment.” While the project appears at first glance to align with the sustainability values of international awards, the article relies on a series of claims to argue that it contradicts the fundamental principles of sustainable development.

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Majara is part of the “Presence in Hormuz” initiative by ZAV Architects, developed alongside projects like the “Rong Cultural Center” and the “Typeless.” Designed within the natural and social fabric of Hormuz Island, the project aims to foster cultural tourism and create socio-economic opportunities for the local community. It was subsequently named a recipient of the Aga Khan Award in the 2023–2025 cycle.

While disagreement regarding the balance between development and the environment is expected, when a critique relies on scientific and environmental claims, the accuracy of citations and field observations becomes paramount. Such texts significantly shape the perception of non-specialist audiences regarding architectural and development projects.

Accuracy of Information and Responsible Critique

In the article in question, references to academic research are presented in a way that initially lends the arguments an air of validity. However, a closer examination reveals that the scientific content of these sources has been misinterpreted.

For example, regarding sea turtle nesting sites:

Research by Loghmani-Devin, Savari, and Sadeghi (2013) regarding “Hawksbill Turtle nesting on Hormuz Island” [1] states that while two-thirds of the island’s beaches are suitable for nesting, the northern and western shores are not utilized for this purpose due to the nature of the substrate. The Majara complex is situated precisely along these northern and western shores.

Research by Maria and Nasir (2014), referenced in the article, focuses on “Identifying and Prioritizing Important Nesting Sites of the Green Turtle on the Iranian Beaches of the Oman Sea” [2]. While the study makes passing reference to Persian Gulf islands, its primary focus is the Iranian mainland coast. No specific data or field maps were provided for Hormuz Island, making it an insufficient source for conclusions about the island’s habitats.

Furthermore, inaccuracies exist at the level of basic field observation. The article mistakenly places Majara in the west and southwest of the island. In reality, the complex is located on the northwestern shore, approximately four kilometers from Hormuz City, a fact easily verifiable by public maps.

Development, Sustainable Tourism, and Hormuz Island

In the post-World War II era, rapid industrialization and environmental damage gave rise to environmental movements that increased awareness about resource exploitation. The central dilemma remained: how to reduce poverty and improve social welfare without economic and industrial development.

The concept of sustainable development emerged as a response, aiming to meet present needs without compromising the future. In tourism, this requires balancing economic, social, and environmental impacts.

In Hormuz, the debate is often framed as development versus conservation. Global experience shows that development brings both risks and opportunities. The goal is not to reject development, but to manage it responsibly through planning and conservation strategies.

Hormuz Island, Majara Residence, ZAV Architects, sustainable architecture Iran, Hormuz eco tourism, Aga Khan Award architecture, Superadobe construction, Nader Khalili, earth architecture, desert architecture, Persian Gulf island, eco resort Iran, sustainable tourism Hormuz, coastal development Iran, turtle nesting beach Hormuz, hawksbill turtle Iran, green turtle Persian Gulf, marine conservation Iran, biodiversity Hormuz Island, wildlife mapping tourism, ecological design architecture, climate responsive design, off grid architecture, local materials construction, community based tourism Iran, cultural tourism Hormuz, Iranian architecture innovation, sustainable building materials, natural building techniques, coastal ecosystem Iran, environmental impact architecture, regenerative tourism, island conservation, soil composition beach, coastal geomorphology Hormuz, Persian Gulf ecology, NGO conservation Iran, participatory conservation, invasive species removal, Prosopis juliflora Iran, native reforestation, mangrove ecology Gulf, sustainable wastewater treatment, composting systems eco resort, circular economy tourism, low impact development, resilient architecture, autonomous eco systems design, marine habitat protection, sustainable infrastructure Middle East, eco architecture photography, architecture detail Superadobe, construction techniques earth dome
Figure 1. Open ecosystem: The absence of physical barriers maintains ecological and social continuity.

Majara Project’s Strategy for Sustainable Development

The Majara project outlines several approaches to maintaining a sustainable relationship with the island:

Architectural and Environmental Strategies

  • Materials: Use of Nader Khalili’s Superadobe technique and sustainable materials.
  • Permeability: Elimination of perimeter walls to maintain ecosystem integration.
  • Setbacks: A 71-meter distance from the high-tide line.

Socio-Economic Strategies

  • Employment: Jobs for 120 local residents.
  • Empowerment: Training in construction, management, and hospitality.
  • Local Support: Support for cultural events and artists.

Social Impact Strategies

  • Workshops on biodiversity awareness
  • Wildlife mapping for visitors
  • Community use of Typeless complex
  • Support for cultural programming
Hormuz Island, Majara Residence, ZAV Architects, sustainable architecture Iran, Hormuz eco tourism, Aga Khan Award architecture, Superadobe construction, Nader Khalili, earth architecture, desert architecture, Persian Gulf island, eco resort Iran, sustainable tourism Hormuz, coastal development Iran, turtle nesting beach Hormuz, hawksbill turtle Iran, green turtle Persian Gulf, marine conservation Iran, biodiversity Hormuz Island, wildlife mapping tourism, ecological design architecture, climate responsive design, off grid architecture, local materials construction, community based tourism Iran, cultural tourism Hormuz, Iranian architecture innovation, sustainable building materials, natural building techniques, coastal ecosystem Iran, environmental impact architecture, regenerative tourism, island conservation, soil composition beach, coastal geomorphology Hormuz, Persian Gulf ecology, NGO conservation Iran, participatory conservation, invasive species removal, Prosopis juliflora Iran, native reforestation, mangrove ecology Gulf, sustainable wastewater treatment, composting systems eco resort, circular economy tourism, low impact development, resilient architecture, autonomous eco systems design, marine habitat protection, sustainable infrastructure Middle East, eco architecture photography, architecture detail Superadobe, construction techniques earth dome
Figure 2. Local residents implementing Superadobe construction techniques.

Participatory Conservation Strategies

  • Collaboration with NGOs and environmental groups
  • Stray dog management and gazelle surveys
  • Development of a sustainable tourism framework
Hormuz Island, Majara Residence, ZAV Architects, sustainable architecture Iran, Hormuz eco tourism, Aga Khan Award architecture, Superadobe construction, Nader Khalili, earth architecture, desert architecture, Persian Gulf island, eco resort Iran, sustainable tourism Hormuz, coastal development Iran, turtle nesting beach Hormuz, hawksbill turtle Iran, green turtle Persian Gulf, marine conservation Iran, biodiversity Hormuz Island, wildlife mapping tourism, ecological design architecture, climate responsive design, off grid architecture, local materials construction, community based tourism Iran, cultural tourism Hormuz, Iranian architecture innovation, sustainable building materials, natural building techniques, coastal ecosystem Iran, environmental impact architecture, regenerative tourism, island conservation, soil composition beach, coastal geomorphology Hormuz, Persian Gulf ecology, NGO conservation Iran, participatory conservation, invasive species removal, Prosopis juliflora Iran, native reforestation, mangrove ecology Gulf, sustainable wastewater treatment, composting systems eco resort, circular economy tourism, low impact development, resilient architecture, autonomous eco systems design, marine habitat protection, sustainable infrastructure Middle East, eco architecture photography, architecture detail Superadobe, construction techniques earth dome
Figure 3. Wildlife and biodiversity mapping for tourist education.

Technical Analysis: Turtle Habitats and Soil Quality

Sea turtle nesting depends on specific coastal conditions. Scientific data indicates that the Majara shoreline is unsuitable due to fine-grained, saline, and metal-rich soils, as well as its narrow width.

In contrast, southern and southeastern shores have light-colored, permeable, carbonate-rich sands suitable for nesting and are designated protected areas.

Hormuz Island, Majara Residence, ZAV Architects, sustainable architecture Iran, Hormuz eco tourism, Aga Khan Award architecture, Superadobe construction, Nader Khalili, earth architecture, desert architecture, Persian Gulf island, eco resort Iran, sustainable tourism Hormuz, coastal development Iran, turtle nesting beach Hormuz, hawksbill turtle Iran, green turtle Persian Gulf, marine conservation Iran, biodiversity Hormuz Island, wildlife mapping tourism, ecological design architecture, climate responsive design, off grid architecture, local materials construction, community based tourism Iran, cultural tourism Hormuz, Iranian architecture innovation, sustainable building materials, natural building techniques, coastal ecosystem Iran, environmental impact architecture, regenerative tourism, island conservation, soil composition beach, coastal geomorphology Hormuz, Persian Gulf ecology, NGO conservation Iran, participatory conservation, invasive species removal, Prosopis juliflora Iran, native reforestation, mangrove ecology Gulf, sustainable wastewater treatment, composting systems eco resort, circular economy tourism, low impact development, resilient architecture, autonomous eco systems design, marine habitat protection, sustainable infrastructure Middle East, eco architecture photography, architecture detail Superadobe, construction techniques earth dome
Figure 4 – Majara Complex Beach, Northwest Hormuz Island – The shoreline is characterized by fine-grained soil with low permeability and a dark hue resulting from metallic elements. / Physicochemical Properties: Sand-silt composition with evaporitic patches (gypsum and salt); predominantly fine-grained with low drainage capacity. / Dimensions: Narrow coastal strip with an average width of 10 meters.
Hormuz Island, Majara Residence, ZAV Architects, sustainable architecture Iran, Hormuz eco tourism, Aga Khan Award architecture, Superadobe construction, Nader Khalili, earth architecture, desert architecture, Persian Gulf island, eco resort Iran, sustainable tourism Hormuz, coastal development Iran, turtle nesting beach Hormuz, hawksbill turtle Iran, green turtle Persian Gulf, marine conservation Iran, biodiversity Hormuz Island, wildlife mapping tourism, ecological design architecture, climate responsive design, off grid architecture, local materials construction, community based tourism Iran, cultural tourism Hormuz, Iranian architecture innovation, sustainable building materials, natural building techniques, coastal ecosystem Iran, environmental impact architecture, regenerative tourism, island conservation, soil composition beach, coastal geomorphology Hormuz, Persian Gulf ecology, NGO conservation Iran, participatory conservation, invasive species removal, Prosopis juliflora Iran, native reforestation, mangrove ecology Gulf, sustainable wastewater treatment, composting systems eco resort, circular economy tourism, low impact development, resilient architecture, autonomous eco systems design, marine habitat protection, sustainable infrastructure Middle East, eco architecture photography, architecture detail Superadobe, construction techniques earth dome
Figure 5 – Turtle Beach (Environmental Protection Zone), Southeast Hormuz Island – The soil consists of medium-to-coarse grains with high permeability and a light color due to high carbonate (CO₃) content. / Physicochemical Properties: High carbonate compounds. / Dimensions: Beach width up to approximately 40 meters. / Status: A consistent and primary nesting site for sea turtles in the Persian Gulf.
Hormuz Island, Majara Residence, ZAV Architects, sustainable architecture Iran, Hormuz eco tourism, Aga Khan Award architecture, Superadobe construction, Nader Khalili, earth architecture, desert architecture, Persian Gulf island, eco resort Iran, sustainable tourism Hormuz, coastal development Iran, turtle nesting beach Hormuz, hawksbill turtle Iran, green turtle Persian Gulf, marine conservation Iran, biodiversity Hormuz Island, wildlife mapping tourism, ecological design architecture, climate responsive design, off grid architecture, local materials construction, community based tourism Iran, cultural tourism Hormuz, Iranian architecture innovation, sustainable building materials, natural building techniques, coastal ecosystem Iran, environmental impact architecture, regenerative tourism, island conservation, soil composition beach, coastal geomorphology Hormuz, Persian Gulf ecology, NGO conservation Iran, participatory conservation, invasive species removal, Prosopis juliflora Iran, native reforestation, mangrove ecology Gulf, sustainable wastewater treatment, composting systems eco resort, circular economy tourism, low impact development, resilient architecture, autonomous eco systems design, marine habitat protection, sustainable infrastructure Middle East, eco architecture photography, architecture detail Superadobe, construction techniques earth dome
Figure 6 – Shibderaz Beach, Qashm Island – Physicochemical Properties: Quartz/carbonate sand mixed with coral and shell fragments. / Dimensions: Average beach width of 60 meters. / Status: Despite its proximity to Shibderaz village and a high-traffic pier and road, this beach along the Persian Gulf hosts approximately 100 nesting Hawksbill turtles annually.

Vegetation and Restoration

Prosopis juliflora, introduced in the 20th century, became invasive. At Majara, approximately 80 trees were removed and replaced with over 500 native species.

Hormuz Island, Majara Residence, ZAV Architects, sustainable architecture Iran, Hormuz eco tourism, Aga Khan Award architecture, Superadobe construction, Nader Khalili, earth architecture, desert architecture, Persian Gulf island, eco resort Iran, sustainable tourism Hormuz, coastal development Iran, turtle nesting beach Hormuz, hawksbill turtle Iran, green turtle Persian Gulf, marine conservation Iran, biodiversity Hormuz Island, wildlife mapping tourism, ecological design architecture, climate responsive design, off grid architecture, local materials construction, community based tourism Iran, cultural tourism Hormuz, Iranian architecture innovation, sustainable building materials, natural building techniques, coastal ecosystem Iran, environmental impact architecture, regenerative tourism, island conservation, soil composition beach, coastal geomorphology Hormuz, Persian Gulf ecology, NGO conservation Iran, participatory conservation, invasive species removal, Prosopis juliflora Iran, native reforestation, mangrove ecology Gulf, sustainable wastewater treatment, composting systems eco resort, circular economy tourism, low impact development, resilient architecture, autonomous eco systems design, marine habitat protection, sustainable infrastructure Middle East, eco architecture photography, architecture detail Superadobe, construction techniques earth dome
Figure 7 – Native Reforestation: Native species were introduced following the removal of the invasive Prosopis juliflora to restore local biodiversity.

Hormuz Island, Majara Residence, ZAV Architects, sustainable architecture Iran, Hormuz eco tourism, Aga Khan Award architecture, Superadobe construction, Nader Khalili, earth architecture, desert architecture, Persian Gulf island, eco resort Iran, sustainable tourism Hormuz, coastal development Iran, turtle nesting beach Hormuz, hawksbill turtle Iran, green turtle Persian Gulf, marine conservation Iran, biodiversity Hormuz Island, wildlife mapping tourism, ecological design architecture, climate responsive design, off grid architecture, local materials construction, community based tourism Iran, cultural tourism Hormuz, Iranian architecture innovation, sustainable building materials, natural building techniques, coastal ecosystem Iran, environmental impact architecture, regenerative tourism, island conservation, soil composition beach, coastal geomorphology Hormuz, Persian Gulf ecology, NGO conservation Iran, participatory conservation, invasive species removal, Prosopis juliflora Iran, native reforestation, mangrove ecology Gulf, sustainable wastewater treatment, composting systems eco resort, circular economy tourism, low impact development, resilient architecture, autonomous eco systems design, marine habitat protection, sustainable infrastructure Middle East, eco architecture photography, architecture detail Superadobe, construction techniques earth dome
Native Reforestation: Native species were introduced following the removal of the invasive Prosopis juliflora to restore local biodiversity.

Waste and Water Management

The site includes a wastewater treatment system capable of processing 20 cubic meters per day, along with a composting system handling up to 50 kg of organic waste daily.

Hormuz Island, Majara Residence, ZAV Architects, sustainable architecture Iran, Hormuz eco tourism, Aga Khan Award architecture, Superadobe construction, Nader Khalili, earth architecture, desert architecture, Persian Gulf island, eco resort Iran, sustainable tourism Hormuz, coastal development Iran, turtle nesting beach Hormuz, hawksbill turtle Iran, green turtle Persian Gulf, marine conservation Iran, biodiversity Hormuz Island, wildlife mapping tourism, ecological design architecture, climate responsive design, off grid architecture, local materials construction, community based tourism Iran, cultural tourism Hormuz, Iranian architecture innovation, sustainable building materials, natural building techniques, coastal ecosystem Iran, environmental impact architecture, regenerative tourism, island conservation, soil composition beach, coastal geomorphology Hormuz, Persian Gulf ecology, NGO conservation Iran, participatory conservation, invasive species removal, Prosopis juliflora Iran, native reforestation, mangrove ecology Gulf, sustainable wastewater treatment, composting systems eco resort, circular economy tourism, low impact development, resilient architecture, autonomous eco systems design, marine habitat protection, sustainable infrastructure Middle East, eco architecture photography, architecture detail Superadobe, construction techniques earth dome
Figure 8. Hybrid wastewater treatment system.

Hormuz Island, Majara Residence, ZAV Architects, sustainable architecture Iran, Hormuz eco tourism, Aga Khan Award architecture, Superadobe construction, Nader Khalili, earth architecture, desert architecture, Persian Gulf island, eco resort Iran, sustainable tourism Hormuz, coastal development Iran, turtle nesting beach Hormuz, hawksbill turtle Iran, green turtle Persian Gulf, marine conservation Iran, biodiversity Hormuz Island, wildlife mapping tourism, ecological design architecture, climate responsive design, off grid architecture, local materials construction, community based tourism Iran, cultural tourism Hormuz, Iranian architecture innovation, sustainable building materials, natural building techniques, coastal ecosystem Iran, environmental impact architecture, regenerative tourism, island conservation, soil composition beach, coastal geomorphology Hormuz, Persian Gulf ecology, NGO conservation Iran, participatory conservation, invasive species removal, Prosopis juliflora Iran, native reforestation, mangrove ecology Gulf, sustainable wastewater treatment, composting systems eco resort, circular economy tourism, low impact development, resilient architecture, autonomous eco systems design, marine habitat protection, sustainable infrastructure Middle East, eco architecture photography, architecture detail Superadobe, construction techniques earth dome
Figure 9 – Composting Unit This equipment is capable of processing organic waste for a population of 100 to 167 people per day

Conclusion

The Aga Khan Award process involves rigorous field evaluation. While no project is without limitations, discussions of sustainability must be grounded in accurate data and transparent analysis.

We invite researchers, critics, and interested parties to engage further through field visits and dialogue on Hormuz Island.

_____

Salman Rassouli
Salman Rassouli

Salman Rassouli is an Iranian architect with a passion in green architecture and sustainable development. Starting his career path as an environmental activist, he gained a Master’s degree in environment and sustainable development from UCL in 2009. Further, he served as project manager in the NGO CENESTA, where he led projects such as “empowering nomadic people of Iran” through facilitating development of conservation plans and promotion of sustainable livelihoods. Since 2017, he started working as an architect and sustainability manager in ZAV architects, consulting the Majara and other Projects for sustainable design and environmental impact assessment.

::Zav Architects

Fix your Ozempec face with alloClae fat from a human cadaver?

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The Cleaveland Clinic explains Ozempec face and how to avoid it.

How do you feel about you afterlife being a part of Kim Kardashian’s butt?

It sounds like a sustainable choice, from a sustainablist’s nightmare. With the excessive and dramatic use of the weight-loss Ozempec, and the gaunt look of a flattened butt and hollow face, more people are looking to liposuction to give more volume where gauntness has created a hole. It can happen in the cheeks, the hips, the rear-end. But not everyone can go through with the painful procedure of liposuction, when there is no fat to harvest.

A new Hollywood secret sauce is called alloClae and Miriam has written about it here. It’s a new injectable filler made from processed human donor fat. Unlike traditional fat grafting, which requires harvesting fat from a patient’s own body, alloClae offers fat “on demand,” purified and ready for injection for about $100,000 a syringe.

Alloclae advertisement

The fat is being positioned as a solution for patients who have lost so much weight that they no longer have enough fat for conventional contouring procedures.

Clinics in the US, and who knows where else, are increasingly using it to restore volume in the face, hips, and buttocks, areas most visibly affected by rapid weight loss. In effect, one intervention is being used to counterbalance another: pharmaceuticals to reduce fat, followed by biotech to replace it in more controlled ways.

The global rush to weight-loss drugs like Ozempic is reshaping bodies at unprecedented speed, and not always in ways people expect. While semaglutide (the generic name for Ozempec) has helped millions lose significant weight, and this can be good for the heart and the joints, researchers and clinicians are now documenting a set of unintended physical effects tied to rapid fat loss.  “Ozempic face” reflects accelerated volume loss in the cheeks and temples, producing a more aged appearance and literature describes this as “exaggerated volume loss… resulting in advanced facial aging.”

Skinny is the new normal

The impact is not limited to the face. Rapid weight loss has also been linked to reductions in lean mass, including muscle, raising concerns about long-term strength and metabolic health. At the same time, known side effects, ranging from nausea and gastrointestinal distress to more serious complications such as pancreatitis, continue to be studied as usage expands beyond diabetic populations.

According to Noor Saleem, approximately 15 million persons in the United States are currently taking GLP-1 drugs. Off-label use is becoming more common, which raises worries about potential health hazards and significant side effects such as non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION), or vision problems.

Into this strange and dark landscape steps alloClae. From a macabre sustainability perspective, alloClae occupies an uneasy space. It can be framed as a form of biological reuse, drawing on donated tissue that might otherwise go unused.

Yet it also reflects a deeper shift toward the commodification of the human body (like facials made from baby parts), where fat becomes a standardized product moving through a supply chain. The pairing of Ozempic and alloClae signals something larger than a trend. I’d not want to donate my body for science, if there was a chance I could be a part of Kim Kardashian’s future butt. My friend Mike say otherwise: “F, yea. I’m in.”

Soylent Green, a screenshot from the movie that harvested humans in hospitals.
Soylent Green, a screenshot from the movie that harvested humans in hospitals.

Some other concerns, from Robert C, a literature professor in New York: “I hope it is possible to donate one’s body with stipulations that prevent some uses of it.”

Joy P, a business advisor says, “Horrific. A crucial reminder of the importance to place standards and controls alongside innovation; no matter how altruistic the intention, there seem always to be parasites waiting to profit from it.”

Liat C, a journalist in the US: “I think it is a disgusting desecration. I’m signed as an organ donor and I could even perceive of body fat being used for necessary plastic surgery for burn victims etc but not sold for someone’s cosmetic vanities and insanities.”

This all points to a future where bodies are increasingly engineered in stages, shaped by overlapping technologies that subtract, then add back, until the desired form is achieved.

I for one am staying natural. No botox, lasers or fillers for me. I will age, with grace or without. But some women build their self-esteem on their looks. For one user of alloclae, who didn’t show her face or give her real name in a recent article, she’s happy about it. She told the New York Post the alloClae treatment improves her self-esteem.

Karry R, a friend of mine from high-school, is concerned about the source of the cadaver fat. “Where is the honour in donating our bodies?” she tells me. “Our senior citizens think it’s for science.”

Batteries from salt? New grid projects suggest the idea is becoming real

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Peak Energy team behind their salt battery
Peak Energy team behind their salt battery

When I was a kid my Grade 4 teacher said that in the future energy will be free. We’ll have found a way to make energy from water and salt, with no byproducts. Fast forward 40 years: news in the last year suggests we are closer to both hydrogen fusion and storing energy with salt.

Batteries made from salt which can store energy from renewable energy plants may sound like science fiction, but a new grid-scale deployment in the United States suggests the technology is moving closer to reality. It solves a major problem when harvesting solar, wind or geothermal energy. When the grid can’t use the excess energy it needs to be stored, or go to waste. The holy grail in renewable energy are robust batteries that can work without expensive and rare earth metals like lithium.

The news hook comes from a recent announcement by US energy storage company Peak Energy, which is working with RWE Americas to deploy a new sodium-ion battery system for grid storage. The project is designed to store renewable electricity from solar and wind and release it when demand rises.

Unlike conventional lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries use sodium, or salt, one of the most abundant elements on Earth and a key component of common salt. Instead of lithium ions moving between electrodes during charging and discharging, sodium ions perform the same function.

Peak Energy makes storage batteries from salt making us one step closer to cleaner, endless energy from the wind and the sun
Peak Energy makes storage batteries from salt making us one step closer to cleaner, endless energy from the wind and the sun

The chemistry is similar to lithium batteries, but the materials are far cheaper and easier to source. In its announcement, the company highlighted the cost advantage of the technology.

“Peak Energy’s sodium-ion battery system uses a passively cooled architecture that eliminates the need for complex thermal management systems.”

The design of the system also removes some of the most expensive components found in conventional battery installations.

Energy storage has become one of the biggest bottlenecks for renewable power. Solar panels and wind turbines generate electricity only when conditions are right, which means grids need large batteries to store excess power for later use.

Today most large storage projects rely on lithium batteries, which depend on global supply chains for lithium, cobalt and nickel. Sodium batteries could reduce those costs dramatically because sodium is widely available in seawater and common minerals.

For utilities trying to scale renewable power, the difference could be significant. If sodium-ion systems prove reliable at grid scale, they could provide cheaper, safer storage for solar and wind, making renewable electricity more affordable for power systems around the world.

Peak Energy has raised about $65 million in venture funding since launching in 2023. The company was founded by Landon Mossburg, former president of Northvolt North America and a Tesla manufacturing veteran, together with Liam Maddock, a former operations executive at Zipline who previously held supply-chain roles at Tesla, Apple and Lyft.

Their team includes engineers and battery specialists from companies such as Tesla, Northvolt and SunPower. The company’s $10 million seed round was led by US venture firm Eclipse Ventures with participation from TDK Ventures in Japan, while its $55 million Series A was led by Xora Innovation, a Singapore-based deep-tech fund backed by Temasek.

Additional investors include Doral Energy-Tech Ventures in Israel, Tishman Speyer in the United States and other global energy-tech funds.

The company is entering a rapidly emerging sodium-ion battery race, competing with major Chinese manufacturers such as CATL, BYD, and HiNa Battery, as well as Western players including Northvolt in Sweden, Faradion in the United Kingdom and US grid-storage developer Natron Energy. Unlike lithium batteries, sodium-ion systems rely on abundant salt-based materials, which could make large-scale renewable energy storage significantly cheaper if the technology scales successfully.

Looking to invest in our sustainable future? Check out Peak Energy.

Seychelles resumes sooty tern egg collection despite population crash

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A sooty tern and her eggs, via Wikipedia
A sooty tern and her eggs, via Wikipedia

Known as a biodiversity indicator species, local experts say it’s too early to stop protecting these important birds

National surveys carried out since 2021 by the Seychelles Ministry responsible for the Environment and the NGO Island Conservation Society (ICS) have documented sharp declines in Sooty Tern populations throughout the country. At monitored breeding colonies, numbers have dropped by an average of about 70 percent, while some sites have recorded declines exceeding 90 percent. Overall, the national population is now estimated to be roughly one third of its size 25 years ago. On several islands, including Aride Island, African Banks and Etoile, colonies are now nearing local extinction.

In response to these findings, ICS recommended introducing a ten-year suspension of egg harvesting. A two-year moratorium was first implemented in 2021, followed by a second two-year extension in May 2024.

“It is still too soon to assess the impact of these measures,” Adrian Skerrett, Chair of ICS tells Green Prophet. “Sooty Terns generally do not begin breeding until they are five to seven years old. Any recovery linked to reduced harvesting pressure will only become visible when birds hatched during the moratorium survive to adulthood and return to breed.”

For that reason, the 2025 national census report produced by ICS recommended extending the ban to allow birds protected as eggs and chicks to mature and join the breeding population.

“Without continued protection,” Skerrett explained, “it will be impossible to determine whether reducing harvesting pressure can stabilise or help rebuild national populations.”

Adrian Skerret
Adrian Skerrett

Seychelles has long highlighted its environmental credentials, which made the government’s recent decision particularly unexpected. Despite the growing body of scientific evidence documenting population declines, the Cabinet approved the resumption of egg harvesting in 2026.

“This decision is deeply concerning,” said Skerrett. “The survey data collected jointly by ICS and the Ministry responsible for the Environment provide clear scientific evidence of steep declines in Sooty Tern numbers. Restarting egg harvesting at this point disregards that evidence and represents a troubling step backwards.”

Skerrett emphasised that Sooty Terns are important indicators of ocean health.

“These birds provide valuable signals about the state of the marine environment,” he said. “Their breeding success reflects ocean productivity and the availability of fish. When colonies begin to fail, it often points to wider environmental pressures.”

He added that the species plays an important ecological role beyond its intrinsic conservation value.

“Sooty Terns are far more than just another seabird. They serve as a key indicator of marine ecosystem health. Their breeding success is closely linked to ocean productivity and prey availability, both of which are increasingly affected by commercial fishing, climate change, habitat degradation and declining fish stocks. At several colonies we are already observing worrying signs, including chick starvation and widespread breeding failure, suggesting that food shortages are beginning to affect the population.”

Although Sooty Terns sometimes lay replacement eggs after their original eggs are harvested, research shows that these replacement clutches rarely result in fledged chicks.

“The fact that Sooty Terns can lay again after eggs are removed has often been used to justify harvesting,” Skerrett noted. “But scientific studies show that these replacement eggs rarely produce chicks that survive to fledge. As a result, the apparent resilience of the species can be misleading.”

According to ICS, the magnitude of the population decline means that a prolonged period without harvesting is essential if the species is to recover.

“Our recommendation was clear,” said Skerrett. “Given the scale of the decline, the species requires an extended period free from harvesting if populations are to rebuild. Restarting egg collection now represents a significant reversal and is difficult to reconcile with the available scientific evidence.”

In many parts of the world, wildlife exploitation is driven by the need for food or income. Historically, that was also true in Seychelles. Today, however, the country’s economic circumstances are very different. In 2015, Seychelles became the only sub-Saharan African country classified by the World Bank as a high-income nation.

“Egg harvesting was once closely tied to subsistence and food security,” Skerrett said. “Today it is far less a necessity and increasingly a matter of choice. That makes it even more important that decisions are guided by science and long-term conservation priorities.”

The life history of Sooty Terns also means that population recovery takes time. Birds typically do not begin breeding until around six years of age, and younger adults often require several attempts before successfully raising chicks.

“That slow life cycle means population recovery depends on long-term stability and protection,” Skerrett explained. “A sustained ban would allow colonies time to rebuild, while also improving our understanding of national population trends and reducing the risk that illegally harvested eggs enter the market.”

The moratorium introduced in 2021, together with the National Sooty Tern Census Programme led by the Ministry of Environment, Climate, Energy and Natural Resources in partnership with ICS and the Islands Development Company, represented an important step in improving knowledge of the species’ status. Although some colonies have shown modest short-term increases, these gains remain small when compared with the significant long-term declines recorded at most sites.

At the same time, conservationists warn that stronger enforcement is urgently needed. Despite the country’s strong conservation laws, illegal egg harvesting continues at several protected sites, including Aride, Île aux Récifs and Bancs Africains. Monitoring of legal quotas has also been limited, and enforcement actions remain rare.

Related: Song bird poaching in Cyprus

“Legislation is only effective when it is properly enforced,” Skerrett said. “Without consistent monitoring and enforcement, regulations cannot deliver the conservation outcomes they were designed to achieve.”

A scientific study published in 2024 further strengthened the case for continued protection. The research concluded that egg harvesting has already contributed significantly to the decline of Sooty Tern populations and warned that continued harvesting could lead to further, and potentially severe, population reductions. The study also found that even relatively low harvesting levels, around 10 percent of the population, are unlikely to halt the ongoing decline.

“This research clearly shows that recent harvesting levels are not sustainable,” Skerrett said. “The modelling indicates that only long-term scenarios without harvesting offer a realistic chance for the population to recover.”

Given the evidence currently available, Skerrett said there is no scientific basis for restarting egg harvesting at this time.

“Extending the ban would represent a cautious and responsible approach, allowing seabird populations time to recover while research continues into the broader environmental pressures affecting them across the region,” he said. “At the same time, when clear scientific evidence indicates a serious conservation concern, it is important that policy decisions reflect that evidence. Failing to do so risks undermining the credibility of the country’s stated commitment to conservation.”

The Next New Cosmetic: Human Fat Known as Alloclae

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skull & syringe
image by Schulman Plastic Surgery via the New York Post

In this Ozempic age, a person may diet themselves down unattractive gauntness. Hip dips, bony shoulders, withered hands; not to mention drooping breasts and flat buttocks: a sad list of body parts needing plumping up to look good again.

“Personal fat banking” is a solution. A person set on losing a lot of weight can have their own fat harvested ahead of time via liposuction and later reinjected into any part of the body that needs a smooth contour. Expensive, but it can be done. Read here about plastic surgery’s environnmental impact.

But what happens when there’s no personal fat left to harvest?

Well, turn to fat harvested from dead people instead. Cadaver fat returns the bounce to the breasts just as efficiently as your own fat. As much as five kilos of fat may be harvested from a corpse. Certified agencies use male and female cadavers from 18-71 years old. The commercial name for processed human fat is Alloclae.

Cosmetic surgeons call it “regenerative medicine. ” Their websites may refer to “donated tissue,” if they mention the fat’s origins at all. To squeamish patients, they soothingly explain that AlloClae is part of a “biologic revolution.” It encourages the patient’s own cells to migrate into the donor matrix, rebuilding tissue.

That sounds so much more scientific, even sort of natural, doesn’t it? It sort of takes the uncomfortable dissonance away, unless you remember that the fat injected into your living body came from a dead person who never consented to its commercial use.

There is no proof that any donor, while living, gave informed consent for companies to make money off their remains; the remains they nobly donated to research and science, not for someone to fill out their bikini.

In fact, it’s not entirely clear if family members who agreed to donate their dear departed’s body are aware that someone may exploit it for sale. The original donors or their families typically do not profit.

Who’s making money from human fat in 2026?

Alloclae can be used in a Brazillian Butt Lift. It uses donor fat from cadavers instead of your own fat which is painfully removed through liposuction.
Alloclae can be used in a Brazillian Butt Lift. It uses donor fat from cadavers instead of your own fat which is painfully removed through liposuction.

The first parties are companies are known as “body brokers,” officially called non-transplant tissue banks. They acquire, dissect, and sell human bodies and body parts for medical research and education. They are intermediaries between the recently deceased and commercial buyers, such as medical device companies, military researchers, and private surgical training programs.

Tissue banks generate substantial revenue by “parting out” a single body; for instance, a head can fetch roughly $1,000, while a torso might be sold for several thousand dollars. A single corpse can generate up to $10,000 in total sales.

In the United States, no central registry for body brokers exists. Legitimate companies identify themselves as non-transplant tissue banks. If you look it up, you’ll find The American Association of Tissue Banks. They list accredited non-transplant anatomical donation organizations.

Biotech companies buy human fat from body brokers, then process and sterilize it. The finished product, Alloclae, is considered a legal and safe, FDA-compliant human cell and tissue product. It doesn’t technically have to be “approved” or “cleared” by the FDA, per the agency’s web site.

Alloclae advertisement

But unlike the organ transplant system, which is strictly regulated by the federal government, this industry operates with significantly less oversight.

Tiger Aesthetics, a subsidiary of the Tiger BioScience company, is the biggest processor of human fat in the USA . They claim that Alloclae, cleansed by detergents, is purified down to DNA residues that may provoke immunogenic response.

And so it may be. The process is still new enough that we don’t have long-term studies on possible secondary effects in patients injected with Alloclae.

The processed human fat is then sold on to specialized clinics and plastic surgeons. Those clinics and surgeons earn big fees for plumping up body parts of the rich and the vain. How much? It depends. Scanning the websites of several clinics, I saw quotes between US$5000 to US$7000 per syringe.

Dr. Sachin M. Shridharani offers the procedure at his Manhattan clinic, Luxurgery. Interviewed by The New York Post, he said that the procedures typically start at $10,000, with costs increase depending on the scope of treatment.

“If you want a full breast augmentation, hip dip and some buttock treatment and you have to use hundreds and hundreds and hundreds of cc’s of AlloClae, well, that’s going to cost tens of thousands of dollars.”

What you get for your money

Traditional fillers come in 1cc syringes, while AlloClae is packaged in much larger 12.5cc and 25cc sizes. This makes it a unique middle ground for “micro-augmentations” – fixing hip dips, “scooped-out” breasts, or post-liposuction dents that are too big for standard fillers but not large enough to justify surgery.

But the effects don’t last forever. While some claim that the “donated” fat is a sort of scaffolding for the patient’s own body to build up tissue, more often the lovely rounded effect wears away and dissolves after 18 months at longest.
Now that can’t be bad for business.

It gets darker.

Brokers frequently target low-income families by offering “free cremation” in exchange for the donation. In effect, the family agrees to sell their relative’s fat to pay for funeral costs. Some funeral directors maintain partnerships with body brokers to provide low-cost burials or cremations for poor families.

Investigations have uncovered instances of families being misled about how bodies would be used, as well as cases of improper handling, such as dismemberment with power tools or the sale of remains to gruesome “exhibits.”

Makes you wonder if any low-income cremations were empty coffins, while the deceased’s body was sold to independent body brokers.

Human Remains, The Newest Cosmetic

Science has given us many medical uses for bits and pieces of the human body. Lives are saved by heart, kidney, liver donations; parts of eyes, of skin, and more. These procedures come from a place of value for human life and dignity.

And maybe you know someone who’s had cosmetic surgery, or had it yourself. Why not; if surgery enhances a person’s appearance, makes them feel more confident and secure, and they can afford it, more power to them.

But would you get yourself injected with Alloclae?

human skull and syringe
image by Rebecca Zisser via Getty Images

Fish or Vegan Omega-3? Does quality, source and science matter more than you think?

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farmed sustainably
Zinzino Omega # is offering personalized supplements because no two metabolisms are alike.

If you are the kind of person who heroically eats a few pounds of salmon every week, chases it with sardines, and lectures your friends about the virtues of oily fish, congratulations: you are doing the best thing for your body. 

In the modern nutrition universe, that level of commitment deserves an applause. But for those who don’t live in a Nordic fishing village, the nutrition company Zinzino has built its omega-3 research and formulations around these principles, combining biomarker testing, antioxidant protection and traceable sourcing across both sustainably harvested small-fish oils and a vegan marine-microalgae alternative. It’s biohacking at the next level. 

They explain why: Because omega-3 fatty acids, the famous EPA and DHA found in marine foods, remain among the most important structural fats in the human body. They support brain signaling, heart health, immune balance and cellular communication. Unlike trendy nutrients that cycle through wellness blogs, omega-3 has survived decades of scientific scrutiny.

But here is the catch: most people are not eating enough of the right seafood. And supplement companies may be giving you confusing information.

Zinzino oil
Zinzino oil

Walk into any health store and you’ll see shelves lined with omega-3 oils promising brain health, heart health, joint support and more. Yet not all omega-3s are created equal, and the differences go far beyond price or flavor. You might assume the best oils are the ones that taste the strongest or come from the coldest waters on Earth. But before you shop, it helps to understand what you’re actually getting. Where does the oil come from? Is fishing sustainable? Can vegan sources really replace fish? And does the body actually absorb what’s written on the label?

These questions sit at the intersection of environmental integrity, science-backed innovation and sustainability and we ask these questions today to a company that makes the gold standard omega-3 for pescetarians and vegans. 

Founded in Norway and headquartered in Sweden, Zinzino approaches omega-3 as both a nutritional and biochemical challenge. Rather than simply sourcing oil and labeling it, the company focuses on how to deliver EPA and DHA in a form the body can actually use while protecting fragile fatty acids from oxidation.

Think Mediterranean oil-pressing traditions adapted to modern nutrition science.

Its BalanceOil+ blends purified oil from small wild-caught fish such as sardines, mackerel and anchovies with cold-pressed extra-virgin olive oil rich in early-harvest polyphenols. Small fish, they say,  are less likely to accumulate heavy metals from the food chain. The olive oil antioxidants come from Picual olives grown in Spain and Koroneiki olives from Cyprus, creating a protective environment for the omega-3 while supporting absorption. 

Emmalee Gisslevik from Zinzino. Gisslevik holds a PhD in Food and Nutrition Science and specializes in essential fatty acids. She focuses on innovation and improvements in Omega-3 supplements to match the health benefits of whole fish. She leads the research of Zinzino’s large global database on whole blood fatty acids, investigating patterns among different population groups.

Recently Emmalee Gisslevik, PhD, Senior Research & Development Specialist – BalanceOil, spoke to Green Prophet to talk about environmental integrity, science-backed innovation and sustainability, and how omega-3 supplements are evolving alongside these priorities.

Omega-3 science, algae versus fish, and why quality, source and oxidation protection may matter more than most people realize. Below is our conversation.

Let’s start simple: why are omega-3s still such a big deal nutritionally today?

Because omega-3s are not just fashionable nutrients—they are structurally important fats that are incorporated into cell membranes throughout the body to facilitate key functions in the body such as heart, brain and immune health. The long-chain marine omega-3s, EPA and DHA, are especially relevant because they are the biologically active forms most closely linked to established physiological functions, while the body converts only limited amounts from plant omega-3 (ALA). They also remain highly relevant today because many people do not eat oily fish regularly, even though marine foods are still the main dietary source of EPA and DHA. So from a practical nutrition perspective, omega-3 remains important because intake is often inconsistent, while the physiological need does not disappear.

Many people assume eating fish once in a while is enough. From your research, when does supplementation actually make sense?

Eating fish is a very good strategy—but ‘once in a while’ is not the same as consistently reaching the usual target of about two servings of fish per week. Supplementation makes the most sense when seafood intake is low or irregular, when someone avoids fish, follows a vegan diet, wants a more standardized daily intake, or wants to check whether their actual omega-3 status matches what they think they are getting from food. In practice, this is where testing becomes useful: it moves the conversation from assumptions to actual biological status.

Zinzino oil has delicate flavors that make it an easy win

Zinzino offers both fish-derived and vegan omega-3. From a biological perspective, do they deliver comparable EPA and DHA? And what’s the price point compared to other oils?

From a biological perspective, the key question is how much EPA and DHA the product delivers—not whether the source is fish or microalgae. In Zinzino’s standard 12 ml serving, BalanceOil+ provides about 2.0 g EPA+DHA (approximately 1.3 g EPA + 0.7 g DHA), while BalanceOil+ Vegan provides about 1.9 g EPA+DHA (approximately 0.8 g EPA + 1.1 g DHA), and with SDA for endogenous production of EPA. So the total long-chain omega-3 delivery is broadly comparable, although the profile differs. The fish-based version is more EPA-forward, while the vegan version is more DHA-forward. That distinction can matter depending on what aspect of omega-3 nutrition you want to emphasize, but both are designed to deliver meaningful amounts of long-chain marine-type omega-3. One challenge with vegan formulations is achieving robust EPA delivery, because many algae oils are naturally more DHA-rich than EPA-rich. 

Our vegan formulation addresses that by combining microalgal oil with Ahiflower® oil, which contains SDA—an omega-3 fatty acid that converts to EPA more efficiently than ALA does. Combined with olive oil, this creates a broader fatty acid strategy than a simple single-source algae oil. From a pricing perspective, vegan omega-3 oils are typically more expensive than standard fish-based omega-3 oils, largely because microalgal EPA/DHA production is still costlier and more technologically controlled. In practice, that means the vegan option is usually positioned as a premium product.

Sustainability is a major concern for our readers. How do you ensure your fish oil sourcing doesn’t contribute to overfishing or marine damage?

Using sustainably sourced, natural ingredients is an essential part of our brand’s core values. We strongly believe that to maintain balance in our body, we also have to respect the balance of the planet and its resources. Our omega-3 supplement is certified by Friend of the Sea, the global certification standard for upholding a sustainable marine environment, Zinzino was first certified by Friend of the Sea in 2018 and we have since maintained our commitment towards sustainability. The fish oils used by Zinzino are derived from short-lived, wild-caught fish, harvested by sustainable fisheries in authorized areas, and following the Friend of the Sea criteria.   

Vegan omega-3 often comes from algae, essentially the original source of marine omega-3. What makes microalgae oil effective compared to plant oils like flax or chia? How do we know that the algae is clean and free from microplastics and PFASs?

Microalgae oil is effective because it provides preformed EPA and DHA directly. By contrast, flax and chia mainly provide ALA, which is nutritionally valuable, but the body converts only a limited amount of ALA into EPA—and very little into DHA. So if the goal is specifically to increase long-chain omega-3 status, microalgae offers a more direct and efficient route. In terms of purity, one important advantage is that microalgae is cultivated in controlled production systems rather than harvested from open marine ecosystems. That gives much tighter control over sourcing, consistency, and raw material quality.

Your formulations combine omega-3 with early-harvest olive polyphenols. This isn’t common in most supplements? What problem does this solve? Or how do you stand out in this regard. 

This solves a real formulation problem: Omega-3s are delicate—they can break down and go rancid pretty easily. So instead of just putting omega-3 into a capsule on its own, we pair it with extra-virgin olive oil that’s rich in natural antioxidants; polyphenols. That way, we’re not simply adding “another oil”—we’re building extra protection right into the blend.

Those olive polyphenols help defend the omega-3s against oxidation, and the olive oil also changes the overall fat environment in a way that’s more supportive than a basic fish oil or algae oil by itself. The goal is simple: help keep these sensitive fatty acids more stable, both in the product and once you’ve taken it. That’s one of the ways our formula stands out. We don’t treat omega-3 as a standalone ingredient—we build it into a more complete fat system designed for stability, function, and context.

Third-party certifications: Friend of the Sea, Informed Sport, Cologne List, The Vegan Society, Halal, GMP, EU and EFSA. Tell us how difficult it is to get some of these certifications. 

Some third-party certifications are relatively straightforward if your documentation is solid and your suppliers are well organized — while others are genuinely demanding because they require ongoing testing, deep traceability, or even regulatory-level scientific evidence. The toughest ones tend to be “continuous-control” programs. Informed Sport is a great example: it’s considered difficult because it typically involves rigorous quality requirements and regular batch testing for banned substances, not just a one-time audit. Cologne List can also be demanding in practice because products are often tested and listed by batch, which means you need consistency and repeat testing to stay current.

Audit- and traceability-based certifications sit in the middle — but can become hard with complex supply chains. Friend of the Sea usually requires strong sourcing transparency and traceability (sometimes through multiple suppliers). GMP can be smooth if your manufacturer already runs a mature quality system — but if not, it can take real work to build the documentation, procedures, training, and audit readiness needed. Ingredient- and process-driven labels are very achievable — as long as you can prove what’s in (and not in) the product. The Vegan Society and Halal typically hinge on ingredient verification, supplier declarations, and preventing cross-contact in production (especially if lines are shared with non-vegan or non-halal materials). They’re very doable, but they get more complex when you have lots of raw materials or shared facilities.

And a quick nuance: “EU and EFSA” aren’t really certifications like the others — they’re regulatory frameworks. If you mean getting an EFSA-backed health claim approved in the EU, that’s usually one of the hardest routes because it requires a formal scientific dossier and a high standard of evidence.

 Fun but honest question: if someone says, “I hate fish and I don’t trust supplements,” – I get my nutrition from eating a kilo of salmon a week. And I buy sardines. Real food is the best. What would you tell them?

If you hate fish but are still heroically eating a kilo of salmon a week and buying sardines, then you are already doing the hard part. Regular intake of oily fish is the gold-standard way to get preformed marine omega-3. That is the ideal, and it is the most natural and biologically complete way to obtain EPA and DHA. So to me, this is not really an argument about food versus supplements. 

The real question is whether a person’s life and habits actually allow them to eat enough quality fish, consistently enough, to reach the blood levels they want. If that works, that is the superior option. If not, a well-designed supplement can help close that gap. And if your relationship with fish is a little on-and-off, it is good to know there are well-designed alternatives— and if you are skeptical, there are blood tests that can tell you whether they are truly effective for you.

How and where do we find your products in America, Canada, Europe and the rest of the world? 

Zinzino’s products are not available for sale in retail stores because better health is personal, and all bodies are unique. Getting individual guidance is critical for a successful outcome. We want to connect with customers directly, build trust, understanding and mutual respect, and offer personalized solutions tailored to meet their specific needs and goals. 

To this end, all our products are sold exclusively through a Zinzino Independent Partner who will join the customers on their health journey. We currently have at least 50 000 working at markets across the globe, and you may find the one nearest you on zinzino.com

Tell us more about the blood sampling and how and if biohackers can get involved? I know people who’d like to share that data. 

The blood sampling is a finger-prick dried blood spot test that can be done at home. The current BalanceTest measures 11 fatty acids, does not require fasting, and you register it online using an anonymous test code. That makes it practical for repeat use and for before-and-after comparisons over time to monitor your body’s response to changes in diet and lifestyle. What makes it interesting to data-driven users is that it does not only report absolute omega-3-related values.

 It also looks at the relationship between different fatty acid groups—for example, the balance between long-chain omega-3s and other fats—and includes calculated markers that help summarize different aspects of fatty acid status. For biohackers, that means it can be used as a structured feedback tool: test, adjust diet or supplementation, and retest after a meaningful interval. If people want to share their data, the important part is that this should be done through a clear, consent-based framework, with appropriate respect for privacy and data handling. That is where personal experimentation can become genuinely useful rather than just anecdotal.

::Zinzino

Dubai sets up smart feeding stations for abandoned cats

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Ehsan Stations to feed stray cats
Ehsan Stations to feed stray cats in Dubai

War and conflict makes people do things they don’t like. In some cases, and it’s not the best solution, loved pets are abandoned when people need to vacate a country or region due to conflict and war. When Israel disengaged from Gaza 20 years ago, a large number of pets were left behind. Same is true now in Dubai, where influencers have left dogs and cats to fend for themselves. Iranian missiles are targeting the UAE and people are trying to leave. It’s difficult getting out with pets, so they remain.

The city of Dubai has taken a step to protect the pets and have created a smart feeding station for cats. While it’s cold and not excessively dry in the UAE right now, cities like Dubai are not know for their cat street culture, unlike Istanbul and Tel Aviv.

A cat lover at a cafe in Balat, Istanbul
A cat lover at a cafe in Balat, Istanbul

According to municipality rules in Dubai is not permitted to feed stray animals, with fines of around AED 500 given for unauthorized feeding in public or residential areas to manage population and hygiene.

Instead, Dubai Municipality has set up 12 AI-powered “Ehsan Stations” to safely and officially feed strays. The city also officially supports Trap-Neuter-Return (TNR) programs. 

Dr. Naseem Mohammed Rafee, Acting CEO of the Environment, Health and Safety Agency at Dubai Municipality, said: “The launch of ‘Ehsan Stations’ for feeding stray animals, including cats and others, reflects Dubai Municipality’s commitment to promoting humane and civilised values across the emirate, foremost among them compassion and animal welfare.

“The initiative also supports efforts to preserve ecological balance and advance sustainable practices that reinforce Dubai’s position as one of the world’s most attractive, progressive, and liveable cities.

“Through these stations, Dubai Municipality is introducing an innovative approach that  combines provision of food with more effective management of stray animal populations, while also addressing random feeding practices that can lead to environmental, health, and community-related challenges.”

Report a stray cat or dog in Dubai

Now what about the dogs being abandoned? And can the owners be found and fined? You can file a report through this link.

Fujitsu helps create a digital twin to save the sea

Fujitsu helps create a digital twin for the sea

A new project in Spain shows how digital twins, which are virtual replicas of real environments, are becoming powerful tools for protecting ecosystems. Fujitsu and the BCN Port Innovation Foundation have announced a proof of concept to create an ocean digital twin at the Port of Barcelona. (Will they use Mirai robots at sea?)

The initiative will use underwater drones, artificial intelligence and advanced analytics to generate detailed digital models of the seabed and marine life. The goal is to support “the regeneration of the marine environment, the protection of biodiversity and the promotion of the blue economy.” Using non-destructive sensing, the system will visualize biodiversity, estimate vegetation coverage and calculate blue carbon stored in marine algae.

How a digital twin works. Image via Fujitsu
marine How a digital twin works. Image via Fujitsu

Digital twins work by collecting real-world data through sensors, drones or satellites and feeding it into a digital model that mirrors the real ecosystem. In Barcelona, autonomous vehicles will map the seabed while machine-learning systems translate the information into measurable indicators. According to the project description, “Machine learning models convert this data into quantitative environmental intelligence, estimating vegetation coverage, assessing habitat extent, and calculating blue carbon absorption.”

One powerful feature of digital twins is the ability to test future scenarios before action is taken. The platform developed by Fujitsu will allow environmental simulations to evaluate policy or infrastructure impacts. The system “enables the simulation of ‘what if’ scenarios, helping pre-verification of environmental measures before they are implemented to prioritize investments based on their real impact.”

Ángeles Delgado, president of Fujitsu Spain and Portugal, says the approach turns complex marine data into practical insight: “This project demonstrates how technology can become a true ally of sustainability. The ocean digital twin allows us to transform complex data from the marine environment into actionable information to protect biodiversity, promote blue carbon initiatives, and make evidence-based decisions.”

Ocean twins are part of a broader trend using digital replicas to manage environmental systems. Cities are building urban digital twins to model climate impacts, researchers are creating forest twins to track carbon storage and wildfire risk, and global projects such as Europe’s Destination Earth climate twin aim to simulate the entire planet to improve climate forecasting and environmental planning.

Mirai’s robots for the high seas can track polluters, pirates and saboteurs

AI maritime robots autonomous patrol boat ocean surveillance robotics Mirai Robotics autonomous vessel maritime security drone boat subsea cable protection robot pollution monitoring robot at sea anti piracy ocean robotics blue economy technology ocean robotics startup Europe
A Mirai swarm at sea function on the surface to detect and help rescue

Did China sever undersea communications cables yet again? Are ships hauling crude oil leaking their cargo along the way? Are animal transport ships dumping feed bags overboard and causing unseen turtle and wildlife deaths? Are port authorities deliberately destroying underwater archaeology so projects can move ahead?

Getting away with bad business at sea may soon be harder with Mirai Robotics on patrol.

While security is a giant concern, Luciano Belviso, Mirai’s co-founder told Green Prophet: “Mirai’s autonomy can also support environmental monitoring, enabling continuous observation of marine ecosystems, pollution, and offshore infrastructure with persistent, autonomous operations, regardless of weather conditions.”

The company just raised $4.2 million in a seed round to continue development of its AI-driven autonomous marine vehicles. According to the company, the sea is one of the most critical infrastructures on the planet: more than 80% of global trade moves by sea, over 90% of Europe’s foreign trade depends on maritime routes, and roughly 95% of international internet traffic flows through subsea cables.

AI maritime robotics system ocean patrol drone boat maritime surveillance autonomous marine vehicle sea infrastructure monitoring intelligent maritime systems blue economy robotics Europe
Mirai concept system. Image via Mirai

“The sea is one of the last major physical infrastructures not yet governed by software,” says Luciano Belviso, CEO of Mirai Robotics. “Autonomy is the key to finally making the oceans safe and usable, unlocking enormous resources and addressing critical security challenges. But it must be implemented through systems capable of operating continuously and safely in extreme environments. This is a technological and industrial challenge that requires a true robotics-lab approach.”

Mirai Robotics has already developed two autonomous vehicles designed for different operational needs, targeting ISR (intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance) and patrolling scenarios in both coastal and offshore environments.

The vehicles integrate advanced perception systems, autonomous navigation, remote control, and safety features. They are designed to operate either as standalone units or as part of distributed monitoring systems.

Alongside its proprietary platforms, Mirai Robotics also develops autonomy, navigation, and control systems that can be integrated into third-party vessels. This allows industrial and institutional operators to adopt autonomous technology without fully redesigning existing fleets.

The decision to start in Italy is deliberate. The country is historically a global leader in shipbuilding and maritime engineering, with strong expertise in defense, yachting, offshore infrastructure, and marine technology.

The company was founded by Luciano Belviso (CEO), Luca Mascaro, and Davide Dattoli. Belviso previously built and led complex industrial companies including Blackshape, an aircraft design and manufacturing company later acquired by Angel Holding.

Luciano Belviso Luca Mascaro Mirai Robotics founders autonomous maritime robotics startup Italy blue economy robotics leadership
Luciano Belviso (left) and Luca Mascaro (right). Supplied by Mirai

Mirai Robotics has closed a $4.2 million pre-seed equity round, one of the largest in Italy in the robotics and deep-tech sector, led by Primo Capital, Techshop and 40Jemz Ventures, with participation from Italian and international angel investors. The capital will accelerate technology development, strengthen the team, and launch new pilot projects with industrial and institutional partners.

We love that the company can catch polluters in real time and take risks to rescue those at sea where other seafarers may not dare or have the expertise.

Mirai (未来) is a Japanese word that means “future.”

Maritime Robotics

They aren’t alone. Mirai Robotics enters a rapidly growing field of autonomous maritime technology that can support defense and environmental missions. Competitors include firms such as Maritime Robotics, Saildrone, whose wind- and solar-powered robotic vessels collect environmental and security data across vast ocean areas. Defense and dual-use companies like L3Harris Technologies and Thales Group are also developing autonomous patrol boats and surveillance platforms for naval and infrastructure protection. In Europe, look to startups such as Ocean Infinity and Sea Machines Robotics.

::Mirai

Is your groundwater too young? New study finds risks for Parkinson’s and type of water you drink

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Austrian woman at water well in 1940
Europe was built with free access to safe, clean, spring water in cities. Here is an Austrian woman at water well in 1940

People whose drinking water came from newer groundwater had a higher risk of developing Parkinson’s disease than those whose drinking water came from older groundwater, according to a preliminary study released March 2, 2026, that will be presented at the American Academy of Neurology’s 78th Annual Meeting taking place April 18–22, 2026, in Chicago and online.

The study does not prove that newer groundwater causes Parkinson’s disease; it only shows an association.

The research focused on the age of groundwater and the aquifers that supply it. An aquifer is an underground layer of porous rock, silt, or sand that stores and transports groundwater. Scientists increasingly see water sources as a window into long-term environmental exposures.

“One way to examine our exposure to modern pollution is through our drinking water,” said study author Brittany Krzyzanowski, PhD, of the Atria Research Institute in New York City, who conducted the research while at the Barrow Neurological Institute. “Newer groundwater, created by precipitation that has fallen within the past 70 to 75 years, has been exposed to more pollutants. Older groundwater typically contains fewer contaminants because it is generally deeper and better shielded from surface contaminants. Our study found that groundwater age and location is a potential environmental risk factor of Parkinson’s disease.”

The study analyzed data from 12,370 people with Parkinson’s disease and more than 1.2 million people without the disease, matched for age, sex, race, and ethnicity. All participants lived within three miles of 1,279 groundwater sampling sites across 21 major U.S. aquifers.

A case for raw water from ancient sources

A natural raw water spring in Nipissing, Ontario.
A natural raw water spring in Nipissing, Ontario.

Researchers examined groundwater age, aquifer type, and drinking water source—such as municipal groundwater systems or private wells—as indicators of possible exposure to neurotoxic contaminants.

Two types of aquifers stood out. Carbonate aquifers, made mostly of limestone, often allow water to move quickly through fractures, making them more vulnerable to surface contamination. Glacial aquifers, formed more than 12,000 years ago as glaciers advanced and retreated, are composed of sand and gravel that can naturally filter water as it moves underground.

After adjusting for factors such as age, sex, income, and air pollution, people whose drinking water came from carbonate aquifers had a 24% higher risk of developing Parkinson’s disease compared with those whose water came from other aquifers. When compared specifically with people whose water came from glacial aquifers, the risk was 62% higher.

Researchers also found that older groundwater appeared to have a protective effect in carbonate aquifers. For each increase in groundwater age, the risk of Parkinson’s disease declined by about 6.5%. In contrast, groundwater formed in the past 75 years in carbonate systems was linked to an 11% higher risk compared to water dating back to the ice age.

“We speculate that the apparent protective effect of older groundwater is seen mainly in carbonate aquifers because these systems can show a clearer contrast between newer and older water,” said Krzyzanowski. “In these aquifers, newly recharged groundwater is more vulnerable to surface contamination, while older groundwater can remain cleaner if it is separated from recent inputs by a confining layer.”

“In contrast, glacial aquifers tend to slow groundwater movement and naturally filter contaminants as water travels underground,” she added.

The findings highlight how where drinking water comes from may matter for long-term health. People can often learn about their water source through local utilities or regional groundwater agencies. For households using private wells, testing water periodically and considering filtration systems can help reduce potential exposure to contaminants.

“This study highlights that where our water comes from, including the age of groundwater and the type of water source, could shape long-term neurological health,” said Krzyzanowski. “While additional research is needed, bringing together knowledge about groundwater and brain health may help communities better assess and reduce environmental risks.”

Mango and avocado combine for heart health

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For the one in three (98 million) Americans living with prediabetes, a surprising fresh fruit pairing may hold promise for heart health. A new study published in the Journal of the American Heart Association suggests that adding one avocado and a cup of mango to your daily routine may help support key markers of cardiovascular health.

Adults with prediabetes who enjoyed this combination daily for eight weeks saw improvements in blood vessel function and diastolic blood pressure – two important indicators of cardiovascular wellness.

Amba is a mango relish you can make
Amba is a mango relish you can make

Conducted by researchers at Illinois Institute of Technology (Illinois Tech), the study asked adults with prediabetes to follow an Avocado-Mango (AM) diet – adding one medium Hass avocado and a cup of fresh mango to their daily meals and snacks for eight weeks. A calorie-matched control group followed a similar diet, with avocado and mango replaced by calorically comparable carbohydrate-based foods. Those on the AM diet saw meaningful improvements in blood vessel function, which supports healthy circulation, and diastolic blood pressure, a key factor in long-term heart health, compared to the control group.

avocado-poached-egg-sandwich
Avocado toast, a family favorite

Blood vessel function improved significantly in participants on the AM diet. They experienced a significant increase in flow-mediated dilation (FMD) – a key measure of endothelial function (blood vessel health) – to 6.7%, compared with a decline to 4.6% in the control. This suggests a meaningful improvement.

Diastolic blood pressure also significantly improved, particularly among men. In the control group, men saw an average central blood pressure increase of 5 points (mmHg), while those on the AM diet experienced a reduction of about 1.9 points – a difference that can be clinically significant if sustained. These benefits occurred without changes in calorie intake or body weight, suggesting that nutrient-dense fruits like avocado and mango may support cardiovascular health without major lifestyle changes.

mangoes are summer season fruit
Mangoes – exotic, delicious. Luscious.

“This research reinforces the power of food-first strategies to help reduce cardiovascular disease risk, particularly in vulnerable populations like those with prediabetes,” said Britt Burton-Freeman, PhD, Principal Investigator and Professor at Illinois Tech. “It’s an encouraging message: small, nutrient-dense additions—like incorporating avocado and mango into meals and snacks—may support heart health without the need for strict rules or major dietary overhauls.”

The Avocado-Mango group also saw increases in fiber, vitamin C, and heart-healthy monounsaturated fat – nutrients tied to cardiovascular wellness – without changes in calorie intake or body weight. Select kidney function markers, such as estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), also improved.

While no significant differences were found in cholesterol, blood sugar, or inflammation, the findings highlight the value of adding nutrient-rich fruits to the diet, especially for those at risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.

How plastics can increase food poisoning

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Ground beef comes in a plastic container. How do microplastics react with salmonella and E. coli? A new study
Ground beef comes in a plastic container. How do microplastics react with salmonella and E. coli? A new study

Plastic products are ubiquitous in our food supply chain, shedding microplastics into every part of the human ecosystem. As they degrade, microplastics break down into even smaller fragments called nanoplastics — tiny particles that can affect biological molecules in ways not fully understood.

In a new study, researchers at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign examined what happens when nanoplastics interact with Salmonella, potentially affecting food safety and human health.

Salmonella enterica is a major foodborne pathogen that is often found in meat, poultry, and ready-to-eat food. We are testing ground turkey from grocery stores in our lab for a study on food safety, and finding that it is frequently positive for Salmonella.

“If you cook the meat properly, you should not have a problem. However, ground turkey is often packaged in plastic, and we wanted to explore how Salmonella react when they come into contact with plastic polymers,” said senior author Pratik Banerjee.

Banerjee’s team previously studied the interaction of nanoplastics and an E. coli strain responsible for major outbreaks of severe gastroenteritis. In this study, they focused on Salmonella enterica and polystyrene, a commonly used plastic material for food packaging and disposable utensils.

“We examined the physiology of Salmonella in response to nanoplastics, and we found an increased expression of virulence-related genes. The bacteria also formed thicker biofilms, which further indicates they are becoming more virulent,” said Jayita De, a graduate student in Banerjee’s lab and lead author on the paper.

Biofilm is an agglomeration of microorganisms growing together to form a protective layer, increasing survival for pathogenic bacteria under physiological stress. You might see biofilms as a slimy film in your kitchen sink or on your cutting board after handling raw meat.

However, while Salmonella initially showed increased virulence, prolonged exposure to nanoplastics slowed its stress response.

“When the bacteria first encounter nanoplastic particles, they go into offensive mode and become more virulent. But after a while, they start losing their resources and energy, so they switch to defensive mode, which allows them to persist in the environment for a longer time. If the concentration of nanoplastics rises, they can again switch to an offensive mode. It’s a trade-off between offense and defense,” De said.

The overall conclusion is that interaction with nanoplastics induces behavioral changes in Salmonella enterica, but further research is needed to determine the direction and impact of those changes.

Equally concerning is the possibility that nanoplastics can affect antibiotic resistance in Salmonella, Banerjee said.

“Any compound that puts physiological stress on the bacteria can trigger antimicrobial resistance. Nanoplastics are not antimicrobials, but mere exposure to them could convert bacteria that previously were not resistant to a particular antibiotic in a process called cross-resistance,” he explained.

This is the topic of an ongoing study, but initial findings indicate that polystyrene nanoplastics can cause Salmonella to increase the expression of antimicrobial-resistant genes, Banerjee added.

“However, we don’t want to sound the alarm and advocate that people stop using plastics. Plastic packaging provides a lot of benefits, such as reducing food spoilage and waste while keeping expenses low. We don’t know yet whether this is something we should be worried about,” he said.

Banerjee’s research team is among the first to examine the interactions between foodborne pathogens and plastic particles, thereby advancing this emerging field from a food safety perspective. He hopes other researchers around the world will pick up the mantle, because there is a lot more to learn about consequences, risks, and tolerances before any policy recommendations can be made.

Exposure to wildfire smoke leads to strokes

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Wildfires and strokes, a link

Short-term surges in air pollution in New Jersey from the 2023 Canadian wildfires were associated with a higher stroke rate and more serious strokes, according to a preliminary study released March 3, 2026, that will be presented at the American Academy of Neurology’s 78th Annual Meeting next month.

“Wildfire smoke contains pollutants like ozone and particulate matter, so it is more than a nuisance, it can be a public health hazard,” said study author Elizabeth Cerceo, MD, of Cooper Medical School of Rowan University in Camden, New Jersey. “The 2023 Canadian wildfires resulted in unprecedented declines in air quality across the northeastern United States. Our findings show that short-term exposure to elevated air pollution from these wildfires was associated with a higher incidence and severity of stroke.” 

Related: smoking and strokes

For the study, researchers used a stroke registry to identify all cases of stroke that occurred during June and July 2023 and during the same months a year earlier. Ischemic strokes are the most common kind of stroke. Bleeding strokes are more severe and often more fatal.

Researchers reviewed U.S. Environmental Protection Agency data for both periods from air quality monitors located in Camden, New Jersey. They calculated average daily exposures for ozone which, when inhaled, can cause shortness of breath, coughing and aggravation of conditions like asthma. They also calculated daily average exposures for fine particulate matter, also called PM2.5, which is air pollution with particles that are 2.5 micrometers in diameter or less.

Ozone levels peaked at 136 parts per billion (ppb) during the wildfires in 2023 compared to median ozone concentration of 36 ppb. Particulate matter reached 211 micrograms per cubic meter (µg/m³) compared to median concentration of 48.5 µg/m³.

Daily air quality data was matched with the timing of each stroke. Because pollution effects may take a few days to impact the body, researchers also took into account the levels from the preceding one to two days before participants had their stroke.

For ozone levels, 72% of the days were 50 ppb or less, with 28% of the days above the recommended level. The World Health Organization guideline for ozone is 50 ppb. Researchers compared 42 strokes that occurred on above average ozone days, with 80 strokes that occurred on below average days. For strokes that occurred on above average ozone days, the incidence of stroke, or the rate at which new stroke cases occurred, was 1.25 strokes per day compared to 0.93 strokes per day that occurred on below average days.

After adjusting for factors like age, sex, race, and cause of stroke, researchers found higher average ozone days were associated with a 0.32 higher incidence of stroke per day.

They also found for strokes on above average ozone days, there was a higher proportion of bleeding strokes and more large artery atherosclerosis, plaque buildup in major arteries.

For particulate matter levels, 38% of the days were above average days and 62% were below average days. Researchers compared 39 strokes that occurred on above average particulate matter days to 83 strokes that occurred on below average days. They found above average particulate matter was associated with longer hospital stays and higher scores on a scale measuring stroke severity.

“While longer-term air pollution has been recognized as a risk factor for stroke, less is known about short exposures to wildfire smoke,” said Cerceo. “Our study addresses a critical gap by providing more information about the neurological impact of wildfire smoke. Our findings can help guide stroke prevention and underscore the need for public health interventions during wildfires.”

Why we might be missing messages from aliens

SETI search, alien signals, extraterrestrial intelligence, technosignatures, radio signals from space, narrowband signals, space weather, stellar plasma turbulence, interstellar communication, SETI Institute research, M-dwarf stars, search for aliens, astrophysics discovery, radio astronomy, signals from alien civilizations
Are we listening?

I am with Elon Musk and his dream to move to Mars. I have always had a feeling that we’re not alone.

For decades, scientists searching for extraterrestrial intelligence have focused on one specific type of radio signal, extremely narrow spikes in frequency. These “narrowband” signals are considered strong candidates for technological transmissions because natural astrophysical processes rarely produce them. However, new research from the alien-hunting organization, the SETI Institute, suggests alien signals might be harder to detect than previously thought, not because they do not exist, but because they may become distorted before leaving their home star systems.

A SpaceX Moon Base rendering by Doge Norway
A SpaceX Moon Base rendering by Doge Norway

The study, published in The Astrophysical Journal, explores how stellar “space weather” could blur radio transmissions from distant civilizations. Turbulent plasma near stars, including charged particles carried by stellar winds and eruptions such as coronal mass ejections, can interfere with radio waves as they travel outward from a transmitting planet. Even if a civilization sends a perfectly narrow signal, the plasma surrounding its star could spread the signal’s energy across a wider range of frequencies.

A planet’s radio signal may begin as a sharp tone (left, white) but can be spread out by the star’ssurroundings plasma winds into a wider, fainter signal (right, green). The study suggests we may
be missing signals by mostly looking for the sharp white shape instead of the broader green one

(credit: Vishal Gajjar).
A planet’s radio signal may begin as a sharp tone (left, white) but can be spread out by the star’s
surroundings plasma winds into a wider, fainter signal (right, green). The study suggests we may
be missing signals by mostly looking for the sharp white shape instead of the broader green one
(credit: Vishal Gajjar).

This process weakens the signal’s peak strength and makes it more difficult for traditional SETI detection systems to identify. Many current search pipelines are optimized to detect ultra-sharp signals, meaning broadened transmissions could slip below detection thresholds.

SETI search, alien signals, extraterrestrial intelligence, technosignatures, radio signals from space, narrowband signals, space weather, stellar plasma turbulence, interstellar communication, SETI Institute research, M-dwarf stars, search for aliens, astrophysics discovery, radio astronomy, signals from alien civilizations

“SETI searches are often optimized for extremely narrow signals,” said Dr. Vishal Gajjar, astronomer at the SETI Institute and lead author of the study. “If a signal gets broadened by its own star’s environment, it can slip below our detection thresholds, even if it’s there, potentially helping explain some of the radio silence we’ve seen in technosignature searches.”

A hospitality concept proposed for an eco-resort in a remote natural setting in Qatar. Balsam Madi.
A hospitality concept proposed for an eco-resort in a remote natural setting in Qatar. It might as well be a base station for Martians. Balsam Madi.

To understand how strong this effect might be, researchers studied radio transmissions from spacecraft within our own solar system. By measuring how solar plasma affects these signals, the team developed models that estimate how stellar turbulence might distort transmissions in other planetary systems.

Their findings suggest the effect could be particularly strong around M-dwarf stars, small and active stars that make up roughly 75% of the Milky Way’s stellar population. Because these stars often produce intense stellar activity, signals from planets orbiting them could become significantly broadened before escaping the system.

The research suggests future SETI searches may need to expand their approach, developing detection systems capable of identifying signals that have been smeared or broadened by stellar environments, not just perfectly narrow ones. By accounting for how stellar activity reshapes radio transmissions, scientists hope to design searches that are better matched to what actually arrives at Earth, potentially revealing signals that have so far remained hidden.

140 companies bought dubious carbon credits from Brazil; BlackRock, Deloitte, and Phillip Morris among them

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Brazil rainforest and waterfalls
A Brazil rainforest could store carbon

 

Consulting giants EY, BCG, KPMG and Deloitte relied on the offsets, raising concerns about how corporate climate claims are being verified.

All the more reason to hire an in-house sustainability agent who understands carbon credits and sustainability. An investigation published today in the Wall Street Journal reveals that more than 140 corporations were allowed to claim carbon offsets credits from one of the world’s largest projects hosted by Verra in Brazil, despite the fact that the project was under investigation for claims regarding its legitimacy.

Related: Carbon capture technologies, markets and trends

Corporations such as BlackRock, Mastercard, and Phillip Morris International were allowed to retire and count these credits towards their emissions-reducing activities while the project was suspended. Evidence suggests that the project may have been illegitimate from its establishment, due to claims that it was located on public lands where it did not have a legal right to operate.

The Panatal in Brazil via National Geographic
The Panatal in Brazil via National Geographic

Additional research by Corporate Accountability released today reveals that over 70% of all carbon credits recently retired in Brazil are “problematic” and cannot be counted on to deliver their promised emissions reductions. If you are filing shareholder reports for ESG activities which include Brazil, dig deeper.

The researchers examined the top 50 carbon offset projects in Brazil between January 2024 and June 2025 — which are also among the largest projects globally — and found that millions of these problematic offsets were retired by multinational corporations and counted towards their emissions reductions despite not being likely to deliver.

“Carbon offsets have failed to lead to a decrease in global greenhouse gas emissions,” said Rachel Rose Jackson, Director of Climate Research and Policy at Corporate Accountability.

“Meanwhile, the claims of harm to communities and ecosystems caused by these projects continue to pile up. Yet again, the evidence suggests that those promoting and profiting off these projects cannot be counted on to help protect the planet. With life at stake, who is liable for the continued failures of these projects and the carbon market more broadly? And how many more times do we need to see evidence of their failure before we reorient towards more meaningful and proven solutions that reduce emissions and keep fossil fuels in the ground?”

The research in the new report from Corporate Accountability shows that 32 of the top 50 carbon offsets projects in Brazil are unlikely to reduce emissions. These projects retired 15.7 million carbon offsets credits between January 2024 and June 2025. This means that a substantial portion of the offsets from these projects that corporations were counting towards their emissions reductions were likely doing little to nothing to reduce emissions.

All of this while communities around the world face worsening floods, droughts, and extreme weather — as well as systemic violence fueled and enabled by some of the world’s largest corporate polluters in places like Palestine, Sudan, Venezuela, Iran and elsewhere.

Verra, the world’s largest carbon credit certifier, hosts 23 of the 32 problematic projects in Brazil, which accounts for 12.8 million carbon offsets credits retired between January 2024 and June 2025. Despite promises of reform amidst repeated integrity concerns, Verra appears to continue to host projects that are not proven to deliver real and lasting emissions reductions, says Corporate Accountability.

The Clean Development Mechanism hosts the remaining nine problematic projects, accounting for 2.9 million offsets retired during this period. The Clean Development Mechanism has a history of hosting projects that lack real emissions reductions and has been estimated to actually increase global emissions by 6.1 billion tons of carbon dioxide through approval of empty offsets, according to Corporate Accountability.

Corporate Accountability’s research also revealed that many major international corporations across sectors have retired offsets from these problematic Brazil-based projects. Petrobras retired nearly 200,000 credits from these problematic projects during the research period. Shell retired approximately 66,500 credits, and Equinor nearly 21,000. BlackRock retired 137,000 problematic credits from these projects.

Consulting firms also made significant use of these questionable offsets. EY retired nearly 179,000 credits from problematic Brazil projects. BCG retired around 90,000 credits. KPMG and Deloitte each retired around 5,500 credits. Other corporations using these problematic offsets include Barilla, Philip Morris, Uber, SWIFT, Mastercard, S&P Global, Engie, Yamaha Motor, and Dell.

The voluntary carbon market is predicted to grow significantly in coming years. Climate advocates, academics, communities, and experts are calling for immediate action to reverse the harms and failures of the carbon market, and to course-correct to real solutions that will put us on a proven pathway to Real Zero emissions.

Carlos Augusto Pantoja Ramos, a forestry engineer and PhD student at the Amazonian Institute of Family Agriculture at the Federal University of Pará in Brazil, has worked extensively with communities impacted by carbon offsets projects. He explained that it is not the communities near projects like Pacajaí that have benefitted from these projects.

“The attempt to capture public and common goods, such as land, by projects such as Pacajaí can intensify the concentration of income in the hands of a few corporations and institutional investors, deepening the severe social inequality in regions like the Amazon. This reveals disproportionate gain relationships between the parties involved, many of whom lack the structure and/or technical knowledge to assert their rights.”

 

Botoxed camels disqualified at beauty pageant

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camel beauty pageant, botox camels, camel fillers, camel cosmetic surgery, camel hump injections, camel beauty contest, camel pageant cheating, Oman, Gulf culture, Saudi camel festival, King Abdulaziz Camel Festival, Middle East traditions, desert culture, camel breeding industry, animal welfare, animal cruelty, veterinary ethics, cosmetic procedures animals, viral animal story, strange competitions
Oman camel with natural looks. Image for illustrative use.

In the desert culture of Oman, camels are more than a transport system, camels are status, heritage, used for health products – especially their milk, and sometimes camels are beauty queens. But at this year’s 2026 Camel Beauty Show Festival in Al Musanaa in Oman, judges had to disqualify some of the contestants for the enhancements used to look their best.

Some 20 camels were disqualified by contest inspectors who found cosmetic enhancements used on the camels including Botox, dermal fillers, hyaluronic acid injections, and silicone used to inflate humps or alter facial features or the skin on the camels neck. Maybe one day the same beauty standards will be applied to women who undergo insane procedures to enhance their looks.

Related: the benefits of camel milk

We wrote about Botox on camels in 2018 at Saudi Arabian festivals and the practice hasn’t stopped. Camel beauty competitions judge animals on a variety of measures such as coat shine, neck strength, head shape and the size and symmetry of their humps. Winning camels, and those with the longest lashes and fullest lips, can increase their value by the thousands when used in breeding markets.

camel beauty
Some camels need orthodontics

Festival organizers say they are starting to take a serious stance and are cracking down on beauty forgery and use X-rays and scans to see what Botox can’t hide: the beauty under the skin.

The stakes for beautiful camels are high. Some camels can fetch millions of dollars in prizes, including pageants at the Saudi Arabian King Abdulaziz Camel Festival, where similar cosmetic cheating has led to disqualifications in past years.

Festival organizers have said they are working to halt “all acts of tampering and deception in the beautification of camels,” adding that they would impose “strict penalties on manipulators” going forward.

Veterinarians and animal-welfare advocates warn that injecting camels with cosmetic substances can cause pain, infection and long-term health complications. In some cases the animal body parts are plumped by elastic bands that restrict blood flow and which can cause animal suffering and pain.

In Saudi Arabian camel contests that fetch prizes worth $60 million USD, owners are also required to swear on the Quran that they are telling the truth about camel appearance and ownership. Judges report that this is proving to be the best tactic to weed out cheaters.

In the desert, it seems even camels are not immune to the global pressure to look perfect. What’s worse is it’s a form of animal abuse, and such critiques should be passed on to people choosing wives, even if you don’t have to trade a certain number of camels to get one.

erthos uses AI to scale bio-plastics that work in industry

When I first studied forestry at the University of Toronto with Professor Sandy Smith, I didn’t realize how deeply the school’s ecological roots would shape the way I look at the world. The University of Toronto has always been, at its core, an environmental university. from its forestry program and plant biology labs to courses in sustainable cities.

So it’s not surprising that one of Canada’s emerging cleantech companies tackling plastic pollution also began there. Meet erthos, a Toronto-area startup developing plant-based materials designed to replace traditional petroleum plastics and help move the global economy toward a circular model.

The company began as a student project at the University of Toronto, where the founders started exploring alternatives to plastic while studying subjects ranging from environmental economics to plant biology. Their early work focused on whether agricultural byproducts and plant-derived ingredients could replicate the performance of conventional plastics, without leaving behind the same environmental legacy.

What began as a campus sustainability idea has since grown into a cleantech company that uses AI to design bio-based resins that can replace common plastics such as polypropylene or polystyrene, while still working within existing manufacturing systems. One of their recent talks was with Colgate-Palmolive.

erthos works with Budweiser for a plastic cap solution
erthos works with Budweiser for a plastic cap solution

That compatibility with industry matters. One of the biggest barriers to replacing plastics is the massive infrastructure already built around them. Factories, molds, and production lines are designed for petroleum-based materials. If a sustainable material requires entirely new manufacturing systems, adoption slows dramatically. We see that working with big brands isn’t enough. The pineapple textiles and leather company Pinatex, which uses pineapple waste, emerged to great fanfare and worked with brands like Stella McCartney, but one-off and non-committal marketing opportunity can’t build a business. We need more commitment and responsibility taken by brands such as Colgate-Palmolive, H&M, and all ranges of food and plastics industries.

Sustainable fashion by Stella McCartney
Sustainable fashion by Stella McCartney. The threads are created by Pinatex, now bankrupt

Can erthos help? It focuses on designing materials that can fit into the systems companies already use, making it easier for brands to transition away from fossil-fuel plastics without rebuilding their supply chains. Getting a product to fit into existing moulds and machines is the key for change from plastics to bio-plastics.

The company combines biomaterials science with advanced data tools, they say, to design plant-based formulations made from renewable ingredients such as plant fibers, starches, and oils. By using AI to test and refine formulations quickly, the goal is to create materials that match the durability and functionality of traditional plastics while reducing environmental impact. See Tipa, a brand that works.

The stakes are enormous. Hundreds of millions of tonnes of plastic are produced globally each year, and only a small portion is recycled. The rest accumulates in landfills, waterways, and ecosystems where it can persist for centuries. Worse even, bits of plastics called microplastics are getting into our lungs, our waterways, our food, our brains.

Startups like erthos are trying to change that equation by addressing plastic at its source, replacing the material itself rather than simply managing the waste it creates.

Today the company works with brands exploring alternatives for packaging, consumer products, and other plastic-heavy industries, helping design materials that can be recyclable, compostable, or derived from renewable feedstocks.

Erthos is a Canadian cleantech startup developing plant-based materials designed to replace petroleum plastics and support a circular economy. Founded in 2019 by Nuha Siddiqui, Kritika Tyagi, and Chang Dong at the University of Toronto, the company combines biomaterials science with artificial intelligence to create sustainable plastic alternatives.

Erthos has raised $11.2 million in total funding, including a $6.5 million oversubscribed Series A led by Horizons Ventures, with participation from The51 Food & AgTech Fund, Thrive Venture Fund at BDC Capital, Francis Family Fund, TELUS Pollinator Fund for Good, DcarbonVC, Middle Cove Capital, and earlier investors Golden Ventures and Bee Partners.
Erthos founders Kritika Tyagi and Nuha Siddiqui are the cofounders of erthos.

Its proprietary platform, ZYA, uses AI to design bio-based resins that can perform like traditional plastics while working within existing manufacturing systems.

Erthos has raised $11.2 million in total funding, including a $6.5 million oversubscribed Series A led by Horizons Ventures, with participation from The51 Food & AgTech Fund, Thrive Venture Fund at BDC Capital, Francis Family Fund, TELUS Pollinator Fund for Good, DcarbonVC, Middle Cove Capital, and earlier investors Golden Ventures and Bee Partners.

::erthos

More Bio Plastics News from Green Prophet

Eco organization offices destroyed by Iran missile

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Heschel Center offices destroyed by Iranian missile

The Heschel Center for Sustainability, one of Israel’s most influential environmental organizations, and one which trains generations of sustainable leaders in media, art and politics, saw its Tel Aviv offices damaged during a recent missile attack from Iran, a reminder that even institutions dedicated to protecting the planet are not immune to regional conflict.

As the old Yiddish phrase says: “Mann Tracht, Un Gott Lacht” (Man plans and God laughs). Last Thursday, Tamara and Oded from the center dispatch “as we left our offices for the weekend, we had been looking forward to a busy couple of weeks, including a special event for our alumni community around the regeneration of our Heschel Fellows Program and a webinar exploring the transformative practice of “Commoning” within the education system.

“On Saturday, everything changed. The transition from routine to war has become a familiar, painful and all-too-familiar reality in Israel. As we prepared our families and returned to emergency routines, a missile struck the heart of Tel Aviv.

“Buildings in the vicinity were damaged, including the Heschel Center’s beloved offices… Seeing our workspace, our place of gathering and collaboration, reduced to broken glass and debris is deeply painful.

They add, “We are here to stay, fighting for a world that is more just, sustainable, and democratic. We know that better days will come, and we are grateful to have you by our side as we build that future together.”

Founded in 1994, the Heschel Center has played a central role in shaping Israel’s modern environmental movement. Named after the Jewish philosopher and environmental thinker Rabbi Abraham Joshua Heschel, the organization focuses on education, policy innovation, and leadership training aimed at building a more sustainable Israeli society.

Our concern with environment cannot be reduced to what can be used, to what can be grasped. Environment includes not only the inkstand and the blotting paper, but also the impenetrable stillness in the air, the stars, the clouds, the quiet passing of time, the wonder of my own being,” once said Heschel.

“I am an end as well as a means, and so is the world: an end as well as a means. My view of the world and my understanding of the self determine each other. Forfeit your sense of awe, let your conceit diminish your ability to revere, and the world becomes a market place for you. The complete manipulation of the world results in the complete instrumentalization of the self.”

Rabbi Abraham Joshua Heschel

For decades the center has served as a bridge between government, academia, grassroots organizations, and young environmental leaders. Through programs such as its environmental fellows initiative, Heschel has trained hundreds of activists, planners, and policymakers who now work across Israel in climate policy, urban planning, and environmental justice.

They’ve trained Rabbi Pearlman, who I’ve interviewed here.

From its Tel Aviv base, now wiped out, the center has helped push forward conversations about sustainable cities, climate resilience, and responsible land use. It has also worked closely with Israeli universities and municipalities to integrate environmental thinking into public policy and infrastructure planning.

Green Prophet has followed the work of the Heschel Center over the years as part of its coverage of Israel’s environmental innovation ecosystem. In previous reporting we have highlighted the center’s efforts to cultivate a new generation of sustainability leaders, particularly through fellowships that combine academic research with real-world policy engagement.

The organization has also been active in urban sustainability and climate planning, contributing ideas about how Israeli cities can adapt to rising temperatures, water stress, and population growth. These issues are especially pressing in the Middle East, where environmental challenges often intersect with geopolitical tensions. They don’t consider man outside of the environment, but rather part of it, and what that entails.

Despite the damage to its office, the broader mission of the Heschel Center will continue, according to their update.

 

Nearly the half the world’s migratory species are declining, in new UN report for COP15

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Millions of birds are killed in Cyprus to satisfy the demand of ambelopoulia, a dish of songbirds. Image via Wikipedia.
Millions of birds are killed in Cyprus to satisfy the demand of ambelopoulia, a dish of songbirds. Image via Wikipedia.

Every spring and autumn billions of animals cross borders without passports, navigating oceans, skies and continents along routes older than human civilization. Millions of birds fly from Africa to Europe along the Great Syrian Rift and risk getting shot by owl hunters in Jordan who see them as superstitious and negative omans. Or songbirds turn into a pickled dish Cyprus. Sea turtles, dolphins and sharks are getting eaten in Gaza. Can you blame them?

With larger, land-bound animals human encroachment and Middle East warns make it more troubling for the survival of migratory animals on land, air and at sea. A new United Nations report released this week warns that the situation is getting worse, not better. Some of the causes for concern are poisonings, illegal fishing, and wind turbines.

Over the years we have reported on a Kuwaiti posing with dead wolves, the massacre of 12 flamingoes as well as thousands of endangered fruit bats which were gunned down in Lebanon. Whats more, despite laws to ban the ownership of exotic animals in the Gulf, we wouldn’t be surprised to see more pet cheetahs being paraded around.

According to the interim update to the State of the World’s Migratory Species, prepared under the Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (CMS), 49 percent of migratory species populations protected under the treaty are now declining, up from 44 percent only two years ago. At the same time, 24 percent of listed migratory species now face extinction risk, a two-percent increase since the last assessment.

The findings arrive just weeks before governments gather in Brazil for the 15th Conference of the Parties (COP15) to the treaty, where conservation policies for migratory wildlife will be debated. The numbers matter, say UN officials, because migratory animals do more than travel. They also swoop in and pollinate plants, transport nutrients between ecosystems, regulate pests which are local and seasonal, and help store carbon in forests and oceans.

Monk seals are numbering only about 1000 but they could be recovering.
Monk seals are numbering only about 1000 but they could be recovering.

“The first global report was a wake-up call,” said Amy Fraenkel, Executive Secretary of CMS. “This interim update shows that the alarm is still sounding. Some species are responding to concerted conservation action, but too many continue to face mounting pressures across their migratory routes.”

Twenty-six species protected under the treaty have moved into higher extinction risk categories since the previous report. Among them are 18 migratory shorebird species, which rely on fragile coastal habitats that are increasingly lost to development, climate change and pollution.

Is there hope? Seven CMS-listed species have improved in conservation status thanks to coordinated international protection efforts, including the saiga antelope, the scimitar-horned oryx, and the Mediterranean monk seal, a marine mammal that once hovered near extinction.

Asiga antelope

Scientists have also made progress mapping the invisible highways animals follow across the planet. And some countries like Canada and Israel have built land bridges over highways so migratory species such as deer and moose can cross dangerous roads. We crossed under such bridges last summer in Canada.

Initiatives such as the Global Initiative on Ungulate Migration, the Migratory Connectivity in the Ocean (MiCO) system, and BirdLife International’s work identifying six major marine bird flyways are helping conservation planners understand how species move across landscapes and oceans. The report can be found here.

Still, many of the places these animals depend on remain unprotected. Researchers identified 9,372 Key Biodiversity Areas important for migratory species, yet 47 percent of the area they cover lies outside protected or conserved zones.

Two threats dominate the global picture: overexploitation of wildlife and the loss or fragmentation of habitats, which disrupt migration routes that may span thousands of miles.

“If we intervene only at the point of crisis, we risk acting too late,” Fraenkel said. “By strengthening governance, monitoring, legislation and community engagement upstream, we can reduce pressure on these remarkable animals and put them on the path to lasting recovery.”

Mediterranean and Middle East waters are a hotspot for threatened sharks

The report confirms that extinction risk for sharks and rays has risen sharply in several regions including the Mediterranean Sea and the Northern Indian Ocean.

  • Populations of sharks and rays have declined by roughly 50% globally since 1970.

  • Overfishing and bycatch are the main causes.

  • Species such as the Oceanic Whitetip Shark (Carcharhinus longimanus) are now Critically Endangered.

  • The Angelshark (Squatina squatina), once widespread in the Mediterranean, is now fragmented due to overexploitation.

These trends matter for countries around the Mediterranean basin including Israel, Turkey, Egypt, Lebanon and Greece, where coastal habitat loss and fishing pressure are major issues.

Migratory birds in the Middle East

According to the report:

  • 53% of raptor species monitored in the African-Eurasian region are declining.

  • Major threats include:

    • habitat loss

    • illegal hunting

    • poisoning

    • collisions with power lines and energy infrastructure.

The Steppe Eagle (Aquila nipalensis), which migrates through the Middle East from Central Asia to Africa, is now globally Endangered. The report notes that energy infrastructure — power lines and wind installations — is a significant cause of mortality for migratory raptors.

The upcoming COP15 meeting in Campo Grande, Brazil will test whether governments are ready to respond. Have the report ready to send to your local: “We have a baseline. We have better tools. And we have growing public awareness,” Fraenkel said. “The question before governments at COP15 is straightforward: will we match this knowledge with the political will and investment needed to secure the future of the world’s migratory species?”

For more on animal rights abuses in the Middle East see:

Kuwaiti Man Kills Wolf and Then Shows Off

Gulf Country Completely Bans Ownership of Wild Animals

Kuwaitis Use Shotgun to Kill 12 Flamingoes

Jordan’s Gray Wolves Are Hunted, Poisoned and Run Over

Kinder Rain imagines vernacular architecture for early learning

Kinder Rain: All images by Alex Shoots Buildings

In the Veneto region of northern Italy, a kindergarten rises like a small village from the earth. Its roofs are steep and terracotta-colored, its forms simple and geometric, and its courtyards open to sky and garden. The building is called Kinder Rain, designed by the Italian studio AACM – Atelier Architettura Chinello Morandi, and it feels less like a school and more like a small settlement where children can wander, gather, and grow gardens and themselves.

Kinder Rain, a terracotta, vernacular-inspired play space Kinder Rain, a terracotta, vernacular-inspired play space

At a time when many educational buildings resemble efficient boxes of steel and glass, and thankfully container houses are out (read here why container houses can be a health hazard)  Kinder Rain looks backward to move forward in the way our spirits need. Its design draws inspiration from the Casone Veneto, a traditional rural house once used by farmers and fishermen in the surrounding landscape. These structures were humble but deeply rooted in place: thick clay walls, steep roofs, and forms shaped by weather, agriculture, and the rhythms of everyday life.

A traditional casone via Wikipedia
A traditional casone via Wikipedia

Kinder Rain reinterprets this vernacular architecture through a series of pyramidal classroom volumes, clustered together like houses in a tiny town. Instead of corridors and rigid classroom grids, the kindergarten is organized around open courtyards and shared spaces.

These spaces function as an architectural commons, allowing children to move fluidly between indoor learning and outdoor play.

Kinder Rain, a terracotta, vernacular-inspired play space

The result feels almost like something from a Waldorf-inspired environment, where architecture becomes part of the educational philosophy. Spaces are tactile and human-scaled, encouraging exploration and imagination rather than control. A pigmented concrete bench traces the base of the building, forming a soft threshold between garden and classroom. Children can sit, climb, gather, or simply watch the world from its edge.

Materials play a central role in this atmosphere. The kindergarten is wrapped in a continuous terracotta envelope, referencing the clay tiles and earthy construction traditions of the Veneto countryside. The tones are warm and grounded, connecting the building visually to the surrounding landscape.

Inside, wooden ceilings echo the texture of traditional thatched roofs. A skylight above the central space lets sunlight pour downward through the structure, quietly marking the passage of time during the day. Morning light spills into classrooms, while afternoon shadows stretch across the courtyards.

Kinder Rain, a terracotta, vernacular-inspired play space
Kinder Rain, a terracotta, vernacular-inspired play space

Each classroom opens outward into a protected patio, creating semi-enclosed outdoor rooms where lessons can spill into fresh air. These patios blur the boundary between inside and outside, an important idea in early childhood education where nature and play are inseparable.

The spatial logic of Kinder Rain follows an interplay of solids and voids. Pyramidal classrooms provide shelter and focus, while courtyards provide openness and community. At the center lies a shared internal agorà, a gathering space that allows teachers and children to see one another across the building.

The architecture is simple, but its message is powerful. Kinder Rain suggests that schools do not need to dominate their landscape or overwhelm young minds with scale and complexity. Instead, they can grow organically from local traditions and materials.

Essaouira Offshore Wind and what it means for surfers, music festivals and the wild

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Morocco’s proposed 1,000 MW offshore wind project near Essaouira promises climate leadership and renewable energy for this Magreb country, but along this stretch of Atlantic coast, wind is more than energy. The coastline is culture, economy, and identity. Essaouira is a historic, windy port city on Morocco’s Atlantic coast known for its UNESCO-listed 18th-century Medina, white-and-blue architecture, and the backdrop used in Game of Thrones.

The Essaouira wind project represents a major step for renewable energy in Africa. Scheduled to begin construction in 2029, this project on the Atlantic coast leverages strong, consistent winds of roughly 11 m/s to support the country’s goal of over 52% renewable energy by 2030.

While specific financiers have not yet been fully announced, the project is expected to attract a blend of public and private capital, drawing on several common sources used for large-scale renewable infrastructure in North Africa and Europe.

Essaouira is Morocco’s wind capital. Surfers and kitesurfers rely on its steady trade winds; local schools, rentals, and guesthouses depend on them. Offshore turbines are typically placed several kilometers out at sea, beyond surf breaks, meaning wave formation itself is unlikely to be directly affected. However, construction phases from vessel traffic, cable laying, temporary exclusion zones, all these could disrupt access during key seasons.

The project, planned to have an installed capacity of 1 GW, will be built near Essaouira, with construction beginning by 2029.This was announced by the Union for the Mediterranean (UfM), which held a session on finance and innovation as sustainable blue economy accelerators during the Mediterranean Day at UNOC3.
The project, planned to have an installed capacity of 1 GW, will be built near Essaouira, with construction beginning by 2029.
This was announced by the Union for the Mediterranean (UfM), which held a session on finance and innovation as sustainable blue economy accelerators during the Mediterranean Day at UNOC3.

Then there is the view: Essaouira’s wide Atlantic horizon is part of its aesthetic appeal, especially during the internationally known Gnaoua World Music Festival, when thousands gather along the seafront. Studies from Europe suggest that visual impact can influence tourism perception, particularly in heritage or festival cities. Developers often mitigate this by pushing turbines farther offshore, reducing skyline dominance.

Coastal ecosystems present a more complex issue. Offshore wind foundations can alter seabed habitats but may also create artificial reef effects that increase marine biodiversity over time. The greater concern often involves bird migration and collision risks.

Scotland offers useful lessons. In projects such as Hywind Scotland, environmental monitoring has shown that careful siting by avoiding major migratory corridors does significantly reduces bird mortality. Developers there use radar tracking, seasonal curtailment (temporarily slowing turbines during peak migration), and pre-construction avian studies to protect seabirds and raptors.

Alphaventus, German offshore wind
Alphaventus, German offshore wind

Morocco sits along critical migratory flyways between Europe and West Africa. Baseline ornithological data will be essential before construction begins. Noise during pile-driving can also disturb marine mammals; mitigation measures used in the North Sea, such as bubble curtains to dampen underwater sound, could be adapted.

Related: travel with teens to the Kasbah in Morocco

The question is not whether offshore wind and coastal culture can coexist. In Scotland, Denmark, and Portugal, surfers now share horizons with turbines. The question is whether Morocco designs this project with local identity at the table. If done thoughtfully, Essaouira could become a symbol of how renewable energy integrates with living coastlines rather than erasing them.

International best practice increasingly requires community consultation and free, prior, and informed consent processes, particularly when projects affect cultural landscapes. While Morocco does not have the same legal frameworks as some countries with formally recognized Indigenous status regimes, global lenders and European partners often require social impact assessments that include cultural stakeholders.

If the offshore wind project proceeds, inclusive consultation will be critical:

  • Festival organizers and cultural leaders

  • Local fishermen’s cooperatives

  • Tourism operators and surf communities

  • Environmental NGOs and bird conservation groups

In Canada, energy projects also pay restitution to indigenous people. In Essaouira, the Amazigh (Berber), especially the Chiadma and Haha tribes, are the original inhabitants of the Essaouira region, with Tamazight language and traditions still rooted in the surrounding countryside.

The Gnaoua, descendants of West Africans brought through historic trans-Saharan trade, are not indigenous in origin but are a deeply embedded spiritual and cultural community whose music defines the city’s global identity. Essaouira also once hosted one of Morocco’s most significant Jewish communities, whose legacy remains visible in the historic Mellah despite large-scale emigration in the 20th century after they were persecuted.

Another “Mediterranean Women’s Event” —  and the same political stage for the Union for the Mediterranean

 

Time and again, Mediterranean policy platforms disproportionately center the Palestinian question, subtly redefining a gender and agrifood discussion into a geopolitical one.

A new regional forum on women in agrifood systems is being presented as a Mediterranean-wide platform for gender equality, resilience, and rural justice. Hosted under the institutional umbrellas of CIHEAM and the Union for the Mediterranean, the agenda appears technocratic and inclusive on paper: welcome remarks, keynote evidence on gender gaps, and a panel discussion on justice pathways in rural and agrifood contexts.

But look more closely. While the Mediterranean spans more than 20 diverse countries — from Spain and Italy to Morocco, Israel, Egypt, Türkiye, Greece, Tunisia and beyond — the panel composition again leans toward a familiar narrative axis. The inclusion of Dr. Zeina Jallad of the Palestine Land Studies Center signals that land and political grievance will likely dominate the “justice” framing.

Related: How the Mediterranean’s most hopeful UN green organizations fail at peace-building

Palestinian rural women face serious challenges, as many religious women are not allowed to work outside the home, as do women farmers in Lebanon’s collapsing economy, Morocco’s drought zones, southern Spain’s migrant labor farms, Israel’s border agriculture, and North African climate-vulnerable regions. Yet time and again, Mediterranean policy platforms disproportionately center the Palestinian question, subtly redefining a gender and agrifood discussion into a geopolitical one.

This pattern matters. When events branded as regional repeatedly foreground one national conflict lens, it risks distorting priorities and narrowing solutions. Women farmers across the Mediterranean face structural gender gaps in land rights, financing, market access, and climate adaptation. Those issues require cross-border cooperation, not selective amplification.

The upcoming International Year of the Woman Farmer 2026 offers an opportunity for genuine Mediterranean solidarity. But that requires balance. If the conversation becomes another stage for symbolic positioning rather than practical agrifood reform, the women most in need — from Andalusia to the Negev to the Atlas Mountains — will once again be sidelined.

Bees for peace
Muslim women learn how to raise bees using the biodynamic method with Bees for Peace

EU and UN funding mechanisms must decide: is the UofM convening for rural transformation — or rehearsing familiar political scripts? I vote for the latter. This time they didn’t put a woman with a hijab on the cover. We know that in many traditional Muslim societies women face restrictions on working outside the home, never mind farming. A panel worth featuring would have been beekeeping for peace, an actual initiative that could help Palestinian women earn income from their rooftops. But the UofM would never dare mention it because the founder of the project is Israeli.

What are AWG air-water generators, and why they aren’t a golden-bullet solution (yet)

Jordanian-American scientist wins with the Nobel Prize for advancing AWG, pulling water from thin air, using chemistry and physics.
Jordanian-American scientist Omar Yahgi wins with the Nobel Prize for advancing AWG, pulling water from thin air, using chemistry and physics.

Atmospheric water generators (AWGs) sound like magic: machines that can pull drinking water out of air. The idea is mentioned in the Bible, where the elders would pray for water collected as dew on plants and the catch on turning this into a machine is in the physics. To turn invisible vapor into liquid, you must remove heat, especially the latent heat of condensation. In real machines, that usually means refrigeration (cooling air below its dew point) or heating/desorbing moisture from sorbents. Either way, energy use rises fast as humidity drops. While many solutions exist on the market, the solutions aren’t magic. Too much energy needs to go into the AWG machines to make the water from thin air concept work.

Peer-reviewed assessments put many active AWGs in the rough range of ~0.35 to >1.1 kWh per liter depending on climate and design see this paper. A broader scientific review of atmospheric water harvesting thermodynamics estimates maximum yields around 0.34 to0.73 L/kWh under various assumptions, equivalent to roughly ~1.4 to 2.9 kWh per liter in the “best case” envelope. See PNIH resource. Lab and field results can be lower or higher depending on temperature, humidity, airflow, and heat exchange losses.

The core problems of AWG, water from air generators

Watergen's Ofer Inbar
Watergen’s Ofer Inbar
  • Low humidity = tiny water per cubic meter of air. The drier the air, the more air you must process to get a liter, which means bigger fans, larger heat exchangers, and more power.
  • Cooling penalty. Condensation-based AWGs must cool air below dew point; that’s energy-intensive, especially in hot-dry regions where dew point can be very low.
  • Heat management. You must dump heat to the environment (or recover it). Poor heat rejection and frosting risks can crater performance.
  • Water quality isn’t “free.” Collected water still needs filtration/UV/mineralization and safe storage, adding energy and maintenance.

So how can AWGs be solved?

AC unit collects water. Use it as a part of the water-savings methods at the home or in the factory.
AC unit collects water. Use it as a part of the water-savings methods at the home or in the factory.

The most promising pathways don’t “beat physics” — they change the system boundary:

  • Use low-grade heat or solar thermal to regenerate sorbents instead of running compressors. MOF-based devices have shown solar-driven harvesting in arid climates (Kim et al., in this 2018 Nature article).
  • Hybridize with HVAC/dehumidification you already pay for to run. If a building must remove humidity anyway, capturing and polishing that water can be “incremental” rather than “extra.” While it might not run showers, the water can be used to water gardens or flush toilets. See our article on top uses for AC water.
  • Raise efficiency via better sorbents + heat recovery. New cycling strategies and materials aim to cut regeneration energy and speed cycles (Kang et al., 2024).
  • Target the right use cases. Emergency backup, remote sites, islands, and places where trucking water is expensive can justify higher kWh/L.

10 promising companies in the AWG space

watergen water from think air
Watergen generates water from air in Bukhara
  1. SOURCE Global (solar “hydropanels”) — promising for off-grid drinking water where sunlight is abundant (SOURCE how it works).
  2. Watergen — large deployments and claimed efficiency improvements; best fit in warm/humid conditions. See our past article on Watergen.
  3. Genesis Systems — containerized systems positioned for disaster resilience and humid climates.
  4. Aquaria — scaling “water from the sky” for housing developments; success depends on cost per liter vs local supply (Time on Aquaria).
  5. Skysource / Skywater Alliance (WEDEW) — notable for renewable-energy framing and resilience applications (XPRIZE profile).
  6. AirJoule — one to watch if real-world data confirms lower energy via novel separation/recovery approaches (AirJoule investor deck).

    Airjoule
  7. Uravu Labs — interesting liquid-desiccant path tied to renewables and local bottling models (Mongabay India).
  8. Kara Water — consumer appliances; compelling product story, but energy economics must be transparent (Kara Water).
  9. EcoloBlue — long-running commercial/home units; performance varies heavily with climate (EcoloBlue specs).
  10. WaHa from Saudi Arabia is positioning around “water + dry air” and grid-independent operation; worth watching for verified field performance (WaHa). Professor Omar Yaghi, a distinguished chemist from the University of California, Berkeley, and pioneer of reticular chemistry (inventor of Metal-Organic Frameworks/MOFs). Born in Jordan and working in California, he was awarded the 2025 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, shared with Richard Robson and Susumu Kitagawa, for this work. Waha is active in Saudi Arabia and the UAE.
    WAHA

    Omar Yahgi, a Jordanian-American Nobel Prize winner who founded Waha

AWGs are rarely the cheapest way to make water where pipelines, wells, or desalination are available. They are commonly used by armies to create water in remote locations where energy isn’t an issue. Diesel or solar does the heavy lifting. But as materials improve, and as systems tap waste heat, solar thermal, or existing dehumidification loads, AWGs can become a practical niche tool, especially for resilient, point-of-use drinking water in the places that need it most in off-grid sites and in emergency settings.

Mayu team Elad Erdann(center), Shay Eden (left), Ze'ev Zohar
The Mayu team has cracked the code on how to make spring water

Let’s aim for the day when fusion energy is real, and we can all pull water from the air to drink. Just add some Mayu minerals to make the water work well for your body.

Why does eczema so often begin in childhood and how can we prevent it?

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Children and their immunity. Supplied.

When my kids were around seven, dry, itchy, eczema patches appeared behind their knees. A Chinese skin doctor told me eczema is “asthma of the skin.” It sounded strange at the time — neither child had breathing problems — but the idea stayed with me. Skin, like lungs, is an interface with the environment. What we breathe, what settles in our homes, the air pollution outside, even microplastics, all of it may shape how a child’s immune system learns to respond.

Now a new study from researchers at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Weill Cornell Medicine, and collaborating institutions offers a biological explanation for why eczema so often begins in childhood. Published February 25 in Nature, considered the best science journal, on the planet, the research identifies a brief early-life window when the skin’s immune system is wired to overreact to allergens.

Eczema affects nearly one in four children and frequently appears in infancy. It can also precede asthma and food allergies, a progression sometimes called the “atopic march.” Until now, scientists have struggled to explain why allergic skin disease is so tightly linked to early childhood.

indoor houseplants, thumbs up
Plants spruce up your dorm and clean the air

The team focused on dendritic cells, the immune sentinels in the skin that detect environmental triggers. In young mice, these cells behaved differently than in adults. They didn’t overreact to everything. But when exposed to common allergens such as dust mites and mold, infant mice developed strong skin inflammation, while adult mice did not.

The difference appears to lie in timing and immune programming.

“We found that allergy risk is shaped very early in life, when the skin’s immune system is biologically programmed to overreact to allergens, with important consequences for understanding how immune-mediated diseases emerge and should be treated,” said senior author Shruti Naik, PhD.

In early life, dendritic cells were unusually active and quick to trigger allergic inflammation. When researchers blocked this pathway, the young mice did not develop skin allergies. The team also discovered that infant mice lack normal levels of stress hormones that later help keep immune reactions in check, effectively removing a natural brake on inflammation.

Importantly, signs of the same immune activity were found in skin samples from children with early-onset eczema, but not in adults. That suggests this early-life immune window may also operate in humans.

“This work was only possible through a true clinic-to-lab collaboration—where insights from pediatric patients shaped the questions we asked in the lab,” said co-author Emma Guttman-Yassky, MD, PhD.

Microplastics in plastic aligners
Microplastics and orthodontic plastic aligners. Is there a health risk of keeping plastic in a child’s mouth for weeks, months and years?

The findings reinforce something environmental health researchers have long argued: early life is not simply a smaller version of adulthood. It is a distinct biological phase with its own rules and vulnerabilities.

“Children are not simply small adults when it comes to immunity,” said Dr. Naik. “Their immune system follows a unique set of rules, and recognizing that difference is essential for understanding—and ultimately preventing—allergic, immune-driven diseases that begin in childhood.”

According to the Children’s Hospital of Los Angeles, “The skin is the largest organ in the body and plays many essential roles, including maintaining a protective barrier, providing immunity, and communicating with the outside world.” 

To manage eczema the clinic suggests managing triggers like dry skin, heat, and allergens, alongside using thick, fragrance-free moisturizers, soap substitutes, and prescribed steroids to control symptoms. I did notice that my kids’ skin problems started when we were living in the Middle East when the air was polluted and the temperatures hot and dry.

Related: Air pollution causes asthma in Cairo

For Green Prophet readers, the takeaway is clear. The first years of life may represent a critical window when environmental exposures: dust, mold, indoor allergens, pollutants, microplastics, all shape immune trajectories in lasting ways. If scientists can find safe ways to calm this early-life immune pathway, it may be possible to prevent allergic disease before it spreads from the skin to the lungs or gut.

The study is titled “Peripheral immune-inducer (pii)-DCs drive early life allergic inflammation.”

Jordan’s $6 Billion Aqaba–Amman Desalination Project from the Red Sea Moves Forward

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Jordan needs $6 billion USD to built a desalination plant on the Red Sea
Jordan needs $6 billion USD to built a desalination plant on the Red Sea

Jordan, which has long received a lion’s share of USAID for survival, and which receives $1.5 billion USD every year to help with water and basic needs, is one of the poorest countries and most water-scarce countries on Earth. In parts of Amman, the most unwalkable city on the planet, households still receive municipal water only once a week. You order a truck and a you pay $50 or so for the company to fill up your water tank. If you are lucky, you build 2 or 3 tanks so you can be sure about your next shower.

National renewable freshwater availability stands at well under 100 cubic meters per person annually, which is far below the international benchmark for “absolute scarcity.” And Jordan has started building itself as a greenhouse and agriculture center of the region.

hydroponics jordan, USAID
Hydroponics farming is a good solution for growing food in countries where water is scarce. A USAID program gives training to local Muslim farmers so they can grow their own food and livelihood.

Now Jordan is advancing one of the the largest infrastructure project in its history: the Aqaba–Amman Water Desalination and Conveyance Project. The plan links a massive Red Sea desalination plant to a 450-kilometer pipeline that will transport water north to the capital. An original plan over the years was the Red Dead Canal, a partnership with Israel. But after decades of inaction from both sides, they want to do it alone if they can pull off the billions in financing needed.

In 2025, the Jordanian government signed agreements with a consortium led by Meridiam and SUEZ, alongside VINCI Construction and Orascom Construction. Under a 30-year concession agreement, the consortium will design, build, finance, operate, and maintain the system before transferring it back to the Jordanian government. The total investment is estimated at approximately $6 billion USD.

What the Desalination Project Will Deliver

red dead canal conduit
A dead idea: The Red-Dead, a proposed desalination project between Jordan and Israel to revive the Dead Sea and bring water to Amman.

At full capacity, the system is expected to supply 300 million cubic meters of desalinated water per year, covering roughly one-third to 40% of Jordan’s drinking water demand.

The system includes:

  • A large reverse osmosis desalination plant near Aqaba on the Red Sea
  • A 300-mile conveyance pipeline to Amman
  • High-capacity pumping stations lifting water more than 1,000 meters in elevation
  • Expanded storage infrastructure in the Amman region

The plant’s projected output — about 800,000 to 850,000 cubic meters per day — would make it one of the largest seawater reverse osmosis facilities in the world. Saudi Arabia, which borders Jordan, currently runs the largest desalination plant in the world, a title taken from Israel not long ago. Israel has long been a pioneer of membrane technology, which is the technology needed to separate salt and brine from the water.

According to SUEZ, the project “will significantly strengthen Jordan’s long-term water security while integrating environmental best practices in desalination.”

Who Will Profit from Jordan’s Water?

Prince Hassan Bin Talal Jordan, meets Green Prophet founder Karin Kloosterman
Karin Kloosterman, Green Prophet founder was invited to a Middle East water event in Switzerland where she met Prince Hassan of Jordan.

The financing structure is a public-private partnership. The consortium will raise a significant portion of the capital through a mix of private equity and project debt. Multilateral development banks are expected to participate, including institutions such as the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development and the International Finance Corporation, alongside export credit agencies and commercial lenders.

Jordan’s government will ultimately purchase the water under long-term offtake agreements, creating predictable revenue streams for the concession holders over three decades.

That means: Infrastructure investors like Meridiam earn a stable, long-term return. SUEZ generates operating revenue from managing one of the region’s most strategic water assets. Construction giants VINCI Construction and Orascom Construction secure multi-billion-dollar engineering contracts. Lenders collect interest over the concession period. Jordan gains water security.

Sustainable hotel in the Dana Bioreserve, Jordan
Sustainable hotel in the Dana Bioreserve, Jordan

The question now is whether the financial model keeps water affordable for citizens while delivering returns to international investors? Locals I have spoke with found the cost of water to be negligible in their montly expenses, but will the costs increase going forward? In some countries the cost of water is free, and in others water is difficult to obtain, like on islands in Thailand where you can’t think of drinking tap water. Desalinated water is drinkable, as long as added minerals are put in place. Can Jordan do this?

Another option is for Jordan to strengthen trade with Saudi Arabia, which operates extensive desalination infrastructure along the Red Sea, producing over 3 billion cubic meters of water daily and accounting for nearly 50% of global desalination capacity. If the Vision 2030 ever comes to be, this is probably what will happen in reality.

Cannabis use linked to anxiety and depression

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Teens smoke but cannabis is not good for mental health: new study from Canada
Teens smoke but cannabis is not good for mental health: new study from Canada

One hallmark of Justin Trudeau’s leadership in Canada was legalizing cannabis, making it legal to buy it at shops and dispensaries even without a doctor’s note. That act has made accessibility to cannabis commonplace and within reach for teens too, who are fond of gummies and edibles. But cannabis can hurt developing brains, and it’s not only providing pain relief and therapy. While it can calm symptoms of PTSD, it can also lead to negative outcomes such as anxiety and depression, finds a new study.

The study looked at 35,000 Canadians who use cannabis and shows that rising cannabis use and worsening mental-health symptoms are increasingly appearing together, with the connection between the two strengthening over time.

The study, led by McMaster University, was published in The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry and analyzed data from two large, nationally representative Statistics Canada surveys of Canadians aged 15 and older living in the provinces, to examine cannabis use and mental-health outcomes between 2012 and 2022.

With the legalization of cannabis in Canada landing at the midpoint of the study period, the authors suggest that stronger products, wider availability, and increased use for stress relief may be contributing to the patterns they observed. The study doesn’t prove causation, but it underscores a widening public-health issue as cannabis use and mental-health challenges rise in parallel.

“We see that Canadians who use cannabis tend to be more likely to meet criteria for anxiety and depressive disorders, and more likely to report suicidality. We also see that this co-occurrence has strengthened over time,” said Jillian Halladay, an assistant professor who contributed to the study.

Key findings:

  • The number of people reporting generalized anxiety disorder and major depressive episode nearly doubled, increasing to 5.2% and 7.6%, respectively.

  • Suicidality didn’t change much in adults but increased by 44% among youth. Younger Canadians also saw some of the strongest cannabis–mental-health connections.

  • Canadians who used cannabis at any level, compared to those who did not, were more likely to meet criteria for generalized anxiety disorder and major depressive episode and report suicidality. The connection between cannabis use and these mental-health problems strengthened over time.

  • In 2022, Canadians who used cannabis regularly (two or more times a week) were about five times more likely to report anxiety, depression, or suicidality than those who did not use cannabis.

“This extends our prior study that similarly found a strengthening in the co-occurrence of cannabis use and these mental-health problems between 2002 and 2012,” she says.

Halladay and her fellow researchers emphasize that the growing overlap between cannabis use and mental-health problems highlights the need for earlier detection of anxiety, depression, and suicidality among people who use cannabis, as well as routine screening for cannabis use in mental-health settings.

“It’s important for people to recognize when and how their cannabis use may be impacting their mental health, and how their mental health may be influencing their cannabis use. It’s also increasingly important for health and mental-health providers to assess and address both cannabis use and mental-health concerns together.”

This study furthers recent research from McMaster that found anxiety and depression rates among teenagers increased nearly three-fold over the last decade. In that study, rates of anxiety and depression were higher in teens who use cannabis heavily.

Celebrate International Seagrass Day

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Seagrass: from the University of Washington
Seagrass: from the University of Washington

March 1 is World Seagrass Day, which celebrates the flowering plants that look like blades of grass waving in our oceans and in Puget Sound. The United Nations created World Seagrass Day as an opportunity “to promote and facilitate actions for the conservation of seagrasses in order to contribute to their health and development.”

Jennifer Ruesink, University of Washington professor of biology, studies the relationship between the environment and marine organisms, including eelgrass, the primary species of seagrass that resides in the waters in and around Washington.

Jennifer Ruesink
Jennifer Ruesink

In honor of World Seagrass Day, Ruesink explains what seagrass is and what makes the seagrasses in Washington unique.

What is seagrass and why is it important? 

Jennifer Ruesink: Seagrasses are “land plants” that have moved into ocean habitats. They have roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits and seeds. There are only about 70 species of seagrasses, representing just 0.02% of all flowering plant species.

Seagrass matters to humans in many ways. It cycles nutrients and carbon, provides habitat for fish and decapods, and it anchors sediment in place, which contributes to shoreline stabilization. It’s a sentinel species for good water quality — in fact, impaired water quality from nutrient pollution, coastal building and erosion are its biggest threats.

Beyond these utilitarian values, seagrass is “wonderful” in the truest sense of that word — the way it grows, moves and shapes the environment provides a continual source of wonder.

What makes seagrass different from seaweed and other ocean plants?

Seagrass
Seagrass
Seagrass Habitat | Thalassia testudinum (turtle grass) | Fort De Soto Park | Photographer: Joe Whalen
Seagrass Habitat | Thalassia testudinum (turtle grass) | Fort De Soto Park | Photographer: Joe Whalen

JR: In addition to seagrasses, there are many other photosynthetic organisms that live in the ocean. Collectively they provide half of our global oxygen. But the others are different from seagrasses: Seaweeds, also known as macroalgae, do not make roots or flowers. Tiny microalgae live on ocean surfaces, even on the seagrass leaves themselves. Other photosynthetic organisms, such as phytoplankton, drift as single cells or small colonies in the water.

Seagrasses are colloquially called “grasses” because many have grass-like shapes with long strap-like leaves that grow from the base, and their stems move horizontally underground. From an evolutionary perspective, seagrasses do not group with the terrestrial grass family but instead have unique families or share relatives with freshwater plants.

What does seagrass look like in the ocean?

JR: If you think of a prairie on land, it is full of different plant species that grow to different heights, flower at different times, and extract light and nutrients with different efficiencies. Seagrass meadows are the prairies of the ocean, but they frequently consist of just one seagrass species. Because the number of seagrass species is so small, much of the dramatic variability occurs within single species, rather than across multiple species. Here in Washington we mostly have the same species — eelgrass, or Zostera marina — that’s found from 23-70 degrees north latitude on both sides of the Pacific and Atlantic Ocean.

Tell us about eelgrass in Washington.

JR: The remarkable thing is that there is so much of eelgrass variability present within our state. For example, some populations have shoots that replicate solely by branching, making genetic copies of themselves as they go. Other populations have shoots that never branch, but instead germinate, flower and die within a summer, overwintering as seeds. Shoots in Washington range from a diminutive 0.7 feet to nearly 6.5 feet long.

You can find eelgrass at low tide in the intertidal zone and as deep as 50 feet in the clear water along the Strait of Juan de Fuca. It lives in places that have ocean salinity, but it also lives near rivers where the winter salinities drop to about 85% freshwater. The eelgrass bed protected by the Padilla Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve is estimated at 8,000 acres, and Willapa Bay on the coast contains nearly 14,000 acres. Eelgrass also grows in a narrow “bathtub ring” on steeper soft-sediment shorelines throughout the state.

It makes sense that this diversity within a species is a product of evolving in the varied environments of Washington’s vast and convoluted shoreline. We think this variability should confer resilience to change, but that’s an ongoing exploration.

Washington also has two seagrass species other than Zostera marina: Ruppia maritima, which is a fast-growing species characteristic of brackish channels in saltmarshes, and Nanozostera japonica, which was established in the state in the 1950s after being inadvertently introduced from Japan. You can find them all growing together in a few places.

How would you suggest that someone celebrate World Seagrass Day?

JR: There are plenty of public-access shores around Seattle — including Golden Gardens and the south side of Alki Point — where you can see eelgrass growing. At this time of year, you might see black brant nearby. These small geese feed on eelgrass to fuel their migration. To see eelgrass, you need a low tide since it can’t handle staying out of the water very long. On World Seagrass Day, good low tides occur after dark — around 9 p.m. in the Seattle area. If you do find seagrass, you can take a picture and help data collection about its distribution by uploading your information to iNaturalist.

Any time you’re at the beach, you might find eelgrass washed up on shore: Keep an eye out for the leaves — green, flexible rectangles — especially if they’re connected to chunky brown cylinders — the stems, or rhizomes. Each node on the rhizome is the scar of a former leaf. This is fun to think about because it helps demonstrate the dynamic lifestyle of this plant: Each leaf lasts a couple of months before it’s left behind on the rhizome and decays. Meanwhile the production of a new leaf every couple of weeks both turns over the biomass and moves the shoot along the sediment.

Xcimer is the Denver-based startup that could put Saudi Arabia out of business

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Xcimer's Conner Galloway and Alexander Valys
Xcimer’s Conner Galloway and Alexander Valys (right)

In a nondescript facility in Denver, a small team of physicist-engineers is attempting something that sounds like science fiction: igniting a miniature star on Earth. (See how China came close to making an artificial sun).

If they pull it off, the consequences would ripple across every corner of the global economy, and nowhere more dramatically than Saudi Arabia and the oil-rich kingdoms of the Middle East.

Xcimer facilities

Xcimer Energy, founded in 2022 by Conner Galloway and Alexander Valys, is betting that powerful ultraviolet lasers can crack the fusion puzzle that have eluded scientists for 70 years. Green Prophet’s scientist Brian explains fusion and what makes it so hard here.

The premise behind Xcimer is simple even if the physics is anything but: fuse light atoms together the way the sun does, release enormous amounts of energy, and do it without carbon emissions, without meltdown risk, and without the mountains of radioactive waste that plague conventional nuclear power. Clean, dense, effectively limitless energy which is the holy grail of human civilization. With fusion we could run air conditioners all day and all night. We could live well on the equator or run our heaters in the arctic and enjoy limitless travels to space.

A fusion project by Italy’s Eni

What makes Xcimer genuinely different from the fusion experiments that have come before is its choice of laser technology. Rather than the expensive solid-state systems used at the US National Ignition Facility, which achieved a landmark ignition milestone in 2022 but at staggering cost, Xcimer uses krypton-fluoride excimer lasers, borrowed from semiconductor manufacturing.

These deliver high-efficiency ultraviolet pulses at a fraction of the price, and in 2025 the company completed the first privately funded excimer fusion laser of its kind built in over two decades. That’s not a press release milestone. That’s real hardware.

“We’ve already begun using Xcimer’s LPK experimental testbed to validate laser models and inform the design of our future systems,” said Conner Galloway, CEO and Chief Science Officer of Xcimer. “This milestone also sends the strongest signal yet that the private sector can build on decades of public investment to turn transformative research into commercially viable systems. We’ve seen this transition before in industries like space—and we’re beginning to see it happen in fusion.”

The roadmap is ambitious but structured. A Phoenix laser system in 2026 will validate the core physics. A Vulcan facility around 2030 aims to cross the holy grail of breakeven, which is producing more energy from fusion than was put in.

Xcimer is already taking proposals on prospective new sites nationwide to house Vulcan, which would directly employ hundreds of people in a large variety of jobs, including physicists, technicians, and support staff.

Vulcan’s location could pave the way for a future regional source of zero-carbon energy expertise, making the location attractive to more emerging businesses such as artificial intelligence and software companies, robotics manufacturers, and medical research facilities. 

By the mid-2030s, Xcimer envisions a prototype power plant delivering electricity to the grid at roughly $40 per megawatt-hour, competitive with natural gas and cheaper than most new coal. That’s when things start to get fun. Just like in solar. Every year the cost for producing solar goes down.

The US Department of Energy has already selected Xcimer as one of eight companies in its fusion commercialization program, lending the venture both credibility and critical public-private backing.

Now consider what this means for Saudi Arabia, and by extension the entire OPEC architecture that has shaped global geopolitics and which has supported a whole lot of evil and terrorism for half a century. The Muslim Brotherhood was born in Saudi Arabia and Iran-mullahs run on oil feeding terror operatives money in Lebanon, Gaza and Yemen. Unlike the UAE which has diversified, the Saudi economy runs on one thing: the world’s insatiable need for oil.

Renewable energy has already begun chipping at that foundation, and oil prices are dowb, but OPEC countries know that solar and wind have an Achilles heel because they are intermittent energy sources.

Jeffrey Villanueva working on the Long-Pulse Kinetics Platform laser amplifier at Xcimer Energy in Denver, Colorado. - Photo credit: Edward DeCroce
Jeffrey Villanueva working on the Long-Pulse Kinetics Platform laser amplifier at Xcimer Energy in Denver, Colorado. – Photo credit: Edward DeCroce

“We use the same approach as America’s National Ignition Facility – the only system in the world to demonstrate fusion ignition. We don’t need to spend time and money to demonstrate unproven plasma confinement physics; we combine NIF’s proven inertial confinement fusion approach with breakthrough laser technology. We’re driving down cost and complexity so we can deliver electricity on a pragmatic timeline and business model.”

Batteries help, but not enough. Fusion has no such weakness. It runs continuously, day and night, in any weather, in any country. A fusion-powered world wouldn’t just reduce demand for oil; it would collapse it entirely.

The leverage that petrostates have wielded for decades, over energy prices, over foreign policy, over global inflation, over terrorism, evaporates the moment civilization has access to a cheaper, cleaner, inexhaustible alternative.

Xcimer has raised just over $111 million from leading energy investors since its founding in 2022. It’s part of the DOE Milestone-Based Fusion Development Program, a highly competitive public-private partnership program designed to accelerate the development of fusion energy on the power grid. Xcimer was awarded $9 million, one of the most significant awards under the program’s first budget period.

Xcimer also collaborates with Los Alamos National Laboratory, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Savannah River National Laboratory, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, General Atomics and Westinghouse. 

::Xcimer

The Saudi Startup Turning Desalination’s Toxic Waste Into Its Own Disinfectant

Desalination and power plant powered by the sun
Desalination and power plant powered by the sun in ultra-luxury Shebara, Saudi Arabia.

Every day, the Middle East’s desalination industry produces more brine than freshwater. Aquifers are drying up and becoming full of brine. Companies like Iyris claim to be able to farm on brackish water, solving part of the problem of access to freshwater. But a a small Saudi startup has found a solution to the problem inside the problem itself.

The math of desalination has long been troubling. Its energy-intensive and polluting. For every gallon of water pulled from the sea, a typical reverse osmosis plant discharges roughly 1.5 times the among of concentrated, chemically laden brine back into the ocean. Multiply that across the Middle East and North Africa, which is the region responsible for more than half of the world’s desalination output, and the scale of brine becomes alarming.

Global brine discharge now exceeds 140 million cubic meters per day, according to a 2019 UN-backed study, with Saudi Arabia alone accounting for 22 percent of the world’s total, according to a UN University Institute for Water study. The Arabian Gulf, already naturally one of the saltiest bodies of water on earth at 45 grams of salt per liter compared to a global ocean average nearer 35, is absorbing the consequences.

Qalzam stand alone unit, via Qalzam
Qalzam stand alone unit, via Qalzam

Into this problem has stepped Qalzam, a Saudi startup with a counterintuitive proposition: the brine is not the problem. It is the raw material.

Founded in Riyadh and incubated at the Saudi Water Innovation Center (SWIC), Qalzam has developed a process to extract sodium hypochlorite (the active compound in chlorine disinfectant) directly from the waste brine produced by reverse osmosis plants. That sodium hypochlorite is then fed straight back into the same plant to disinfect the freshwater it has just produced, closing what Qalzam describes as a circular loop within the desalination process itself. In conventional plants, sodium hypochlorite must be manufactured separately, transported to site, and purchased as a chemical input.

Qalzam eliminates all three steps simultaneously.

The chemistry is not new. Sodium hypochlorite can be generated electrochemically from saline solutions, which is a process long understood in laboratory settings and applied at small scales in wastewater treatment. What Qalzam is engineering is the industrial translation of that process specifically for the high-salinity, high-volume conditions of Gulf desalination, where brine concentrations are substantially higher than those seen elsewhere in the world, and where the scale of operations can make even marginal improvements in cost or chemistry enormously significant.

“The chemicals should be all neutralized,” said Noreddine Ghaffour, a research professor at the Water Desalination and Reuse Center at King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), speaking about brine management at Saudi desalination plants more broadly. His comment reflects a growing scientific and regulatory consensus: the era of dumping chemically complex brine into already-stressed marine environments is approaching its limits.

The timing is propitious. Saudi Arabia has positioned itself as a global leader in desalination capacity, doubling its output in recent years and announcing $9.33 billion across 60 new projects in its latest expansion.

The Saudi Water Partnership Company is targeting a near-tripling of national desalination capacity to 7.5 million cubic meters per day by 2027. Each new plant that comes online represents both a new source of brine and a potential customer for Qalzam’s on-sitewater

disinfectant solution. The startup has also graduated from Saudi Arabia’s Ministry of Industry and Mineral Resources’ “Numuw” industrial incubator and accelerator program, giving it institutional credibility at a formative stage.

The wider scientific case for brine valorization is strengthening rapidly. Research published in the journal Water in November 2025 modeled a 100,000-cubic-meter-per-day reverse osmosis facility and found that a sequential brine recovery process could achieve over 90 percent total salt recovery while producing marketable materials including sodium chloride, magnesium hydroxide, and bromine.

The estimated revenue from recovered materials in such scenarios ranges between $4.5 million and $6.8 million per year, potentially offsetting 65 to 90 percent of annual desalination operating costs, with a payback period of three to five years.

Qalzam’s narrower focus on sodium hypochlorite extraction and reuse sits within this broader economic logic but is considerably simpler to implement, requiring no complex mineral separation trains or crystallization equipment. This matters because complexity has consistently been the enemy of adoption in industrial water treatment. The technologies that scale are typically those that integrate cleanly into existing infrastructure rather than requiring its wholesale redesign. A bolt-on electrochemical unit that converts waste brine into a disinfectant that the plant already needs is, in engineering terms, a much easier sell than a full brine-mining operation requiring downstream chemical processing and commodity markets for the outputs.

Beyond the economics, the environmental calculus is straightforward. Saudi Arabia’s Gulf coastline is already under documented ecological stress from brine discharge, with dense, oxygen-depleted plumes affecting benthic marine life near major outfalls. Over in the Red Sea, dolphins, coral reef and at-risk species cannot tolerate more stress on the already noisy and polluted shipping areas.

Any technology that reduces both the volume and chemical load of that discharge addresses a concern that regulators, ecologists, and increasingly the operators themselves recognize as unsustainable at the scale to which the region is building.

Qalzam is still early-stage, with its team small and its first commercial deployments ahead of it. But the company sits at the intersection of three converging forces: a region building desalination capacity at a pace unmatched anywhere on earth (despite the scaling back of Saudis’ Vision 2030 with lowering prices of oil), a scientific community that has spent a decade documenting the harms of brine disposal, and a policy environment.

Saudi Vision 2030 and the UAE’s Net Zero 2050 strategy incentivize circular economy approaches to industrial water management.

The Middle East did not choose to become the world’s desalination laboratory. Geography and hydrology made that decision for it. But the region’s sheer scale of operations means that solutions proven here, including whatever Qalzam refines on the shores of the Gulf, will be exportable to every water-stressed coast on the planet.

Red Sea Farms (now Iyris) who we interviewed here, is a separate but thematically related KAUST spinout worth contextualizing alongside Qalzam, not as partners, but as parallel examples of Saudi water innovation coming out of the same university ecosystem.

Not far away, with Jordan between them, Israel’s IDE Technologies, founded in 1965 and headquartered in Kadima-Zoran, built the Sorek desalination plant south of Tel Aviv, which for years was the largest seawater reverse osmosis desalination facility on earth, producing 624,000 cubic meters of drinking water per day and supplying roughly 20 percent of Israel’s municipal water demand.

Today, desalination supplies over 70 percent of Israel’s domestic water consumption, a figure that has effectively drought-proofed a country that receives less than 200 millimeters of rainfall annually across much of its territory.

::Qalzam

EU startup aiming to generate energy on moon villages

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Deep Space Energy is creating a power plant for the moon. Via Deep Space Energy.
Deep Space Energy is creating a power plant for the moon. Via Deep Space Energy.

Elon Musk has made it clear. He’s going to inhabit Mars. But the first natural step, he says, will be the moon. We’ve reported on the moon base stationNASA knows that plants can grow on the moon. And countries like China and Russia have declared they will build cities there too using nuclear power. Stepping up to democratize the moon is an EU-funded company, Deep Space Energy, which has just raised more than $1 million USD as a seed fund to help it create energy generators on the moon. It’s a bid to strengthen the European sovereign space and defense industry and power Moon surface exploration.

The researchers are from Latvia: “Our technology, which has already been validated in the laboratory, has several applications across the defence and space sectors.

“First, we’re developing an auxiliary energy source to enhance the resilience of strategic satellites. It provides the redundancy of satellite power systems by supplying backup power that does not depend on solar energy, making it crucial for high-value military reconnaissance assets,” says Mihails Ščepanskis, founder and CEO of the company.

Based in Riga, the company is developing a radioisotopic generator toward commercialisation. The electricity comes from nuclear decay — a nuclear process. And the equipment does not include a nuclear reactor which could explode.

The funding was made up of its €350k pre-Seed round led by Outlast Fund and Linas Sargautis, an angel investor and a former co-founder of NanoAvionics. The company also secured additional €580k in public contracts and grants by the European Space Agency (ESA), NATO DIANA, and the Latvian government. It’s not a huge sum of money for such an ambitious project but it’s a start.

European and American military and space technologies are what leads to new inventions in medicine, ecology and renewable energy.

Military spy satellites evolved into Earth-monitoring satellites that now track deforestation (Amazon, Congo), (see MIT using AI and imaging for trees in cities) they can monitor methane leaks and pollution; and satellites predict droughts and crop failures.

Military thermal imaging using infrared vision is now used to detect inflammation and vascular disease, it can screen for breast cancer and detect fevers at airports.

In the 2025–2026 period, EU-Startups has reported substantial capital flows into the European SpaceTech sector, primarily at Seed and Series A stage.

Germany’s Reflex Aerospace secured €50 million to scale sovereign satellite platforms, while France’s Infinite Orbits raised €40 million to expand in-orbit servicing capabilities. Also in France, Look Up attracted €50 million to grow its radar-based space surveillance network, and UNIVITY secured €31 million to accelerate development of a space-based 5G constellation.

In Germany, Marble Imaging raised €5.3 million to scale its very high resolution Earth observation satellites ahead of launch, while Spain’s Kreios Space secured €8 million to advance propulsion systems for very low Earth orbit. Italy’s Astradyne raised €2 million to commercialise ultralight solar panels, and Spain’s Orbital Paradigm closed a €1.5 million pre-Seed round to develop reusable space capsules.

Orbital space capsule
Orbital space capsule

Collectively, these rounds represent approximately €187 million in disclosed funding moving into European SpaceTech across adjacent segments including satellite infrastructure, propulsion, communications, servicing and observation.

Deep Space Energy says it will put a focus on energy resilience for satellites and lunar missions rather than platform deployment.

“As Europe is trying to become more independent, it is imperative to produce satellites with advanced capabilities on our own. Our technology provides an auxiliary energy source for satellites, which makes them more resilient to non-kinetic attacks and malfunctions,” Mihails adds.

Founded in 2022, Deep Space Energy is developing a new radioisotope power generator for space that uses the heat produced by the nuclear self-decay of radioisotopes – materials extractable from waste of commercial nuclear reactors.

The product aims for applications in deep space science missions, lunar surface missions and high-value defense satellites. Their solution converts that heat into electric power, requiring 5 times less radioisotope fuel than a thermo-electric generator (RTG), currently used in space.

The company highlighted that its radioisotope-based energy generator is not designed for any kind of weapons. It will target high-value, dual-use satellites to increase their resilience and operational reliability. The primary focus is on satellites operating in Medium Earth Orbit (MEO), Geostationary Orbit (GEO) and Highly Elliptical Orbit (HEO), which are all critical for modern military reconnaissance and early-warning systems.

These satellites support a range of defence functions, from synthetic aperture radar (SAR)
satellites for detecting troop concentrations through clouds and foliage, to signal intelligence for intercepting communications and radio transmissions, as well as missile-launch detection, which is essential for anti-missile defense systems.

Egita Poļanska, partner at the lead investor Outlast Fund, shares: “Space energy tech has been stuck with certain limitations for decades, but we’re finally seeing the pieces come together for a real breakthrough – new materials, smarter power systems, and actual commercial demand for lunar operations.

“Deep Space Energy is building the infrastructure that will literally power the next chapter of space exploration and industry. As Europe ramps up its space ambitions, we need our own companies to lead in these foundational technologies. We’re thrilled to back this team and honestly pretty excited to have an actual moonshot in our portfolio, in the most literal sense possible.”

Copyright, Moon Village Association
Copyright, Moon Village Association

In the long term, the company aims to focus on the Moon economy. The radioisotope power generator looks to address critical energy challenges in the next phase of lunar exploration, including NASA and ESA’s Artemis, Argonaut and lunar rover programs, as well as the Moon Village framework led by the Moon Village Association. In particular, the technology is designed to support lunar night survival and operations in permanently shadowed regions, enabling extended scouting and prospecting missions.

On the Moon, where the temperatures at night drop below 150 degrees Celsius, and nights last for roughly 354 hours, moonrovers can’t rely on solar power.

The company’s technology requires approximately 2kg of Americium-241 fuel to generate 50W of power for a lunar rover, compared with around 10kg of radioisotope material needed by legacy RTG systems for comparable output. Given current projections that Americium-241 production capacity will reach around 10kg per year by the mid-2030s, this efficiency could enable lunar exploration missions to begin more than five years earlier and at up to five times the mission volume.

According to Ščepanskis, the company’s technology can significantly enhance the economics of moon rover missions by enabling them to last multiple day-night cycles up to a few years. The sole expenses of bringing payload to the Moon cost up to a million euros per kilogram; thus, by enhancing the lifetime of the rovers, the company helps to save hundreds of millions.

Jujube, the sidr tree of medicine and magic

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fresh jujube fruit
fresh jujube fruit in Ramla market Israel
Photo by Miriam Kresh for Green Prophet

When you hear “jujube,” you might first think of the chewy, retro gumdrop candy with its brilliant red, yellow and green colors. But “jujube” started as English for sidr, the tree considered holy in Islam.

In the Koran it’s written that on the Day of Judgment the faithful, will dwell in Paradise “Among thorn-less sidr trees and clustered plantains, and spreading shade, and water gushing, and plentiful fruit.”

Perhaps because of this, sidr leaves are said to have magical, mystical properties.

jujube fruit
Jujube (sidr) fruit
Photo by Douglas Alan via Unsplash

We’ve noted the multiple medicinal qualities of the sidr fruit and mentioned the potential of the tree to hold off desertification.

Every year, one evening at mid-Ramadan, the tree shakes. The names on the leaves that fall are of those who will die in the coming year.

The sidr tree in black magic

Then there’s the intriguing use of sidr leaves as protection from black magic and the evil eye. We described what the evil eye is. Basically, it’s ill-wishing someone from feelings of envy, rivalry, and hatred.

Jealousy exists in the human heart; it can’t be shrugged off. Mature people recognize and try to overcome it; if we can’t exactly turn the other cheek, at least we hopefully move on to a healthier way of coping than secretly ill-wishing someone.

In Islamic culture, and in cultures who have lived in close quarters with Moslems, the evil eye is feared as one would fear a physical threat. In speaking of another’s child or property, it’s polite to raise one’s hand, palm outward, and say “hamsah” several times – to show there’s nothing to fear – all one’s intentions are good.

Women are especially susceptible to the suggestion of an evil eye. A pretty girl. A married woman wanting to conceive. A protective mother.

Men may fear that their success in business may cause envy, or that their virility will be impaired by witchcraft. Women are especially susceptible to the suggestion of an evil eye. A pretty girl. A married woman wanting to conceive. A protective mother.

bracelets against the evil eye
Anti evil eye bracelets Photo by Miriam Kresh for Green Prophet

To ward off the evil eye, a person may wear an amulet bracelet.

Or hang a five-fingered “hamsah” on the office or home wall. See our post on the evil eye and how to avoid it.

hamsah amulet
hamsah amulet print

But for a person needing stronger protection, there’s another, more intimate way to deal with witchcraft and the evil eye: bathing with sidr-infused water. This is also said to expel demons.

On the positive side, the sidr tree may host the spirit of a saint. Far from pagan, pre-Islamic tree worship, the tree itself isn’t a holy object; rather, the holiness of a saint whose custom it was to sit in its shade has been transferred to the tree. For this reason, it’s considered lucky to sit or sleep under a sidr tree.

There’s a Moslem legend about a sidr tree (also known in English as a lote tree) that grows in Paradise. On its leaves are etched the names of all humans. Every year, one evening at mid-Ramadan, the tree shakes. The names on the leaves that fall are of those who will die in the coming year.

A Mughal depiction of the lote tree (sidr). A large lote tree, known as Sidr Al Muntaha, was the last tree at the brink of the physical world that the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ and Angel Jibril passed before entering the heavens during Isra’a wal Miraj.
A Mughal depiction of the lote tree (sidr). A large lote tree, known as Sidr Al Muntaha, was the last tree at the brink of the physical world that the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ and Angel Jibril passed before entering the heavens during Isra’a wal Miraj. Source unknown.

It follows that sidr once served to purify the dead. In Iran, Iraq, India, and southwestern Saudi Arabia, deceased Muslims were washed water infused with sidr leaves. The custom has apparently faded out in most countries.

A magic holy sidr bath to deflect the evil eye?

It needs 7 powdered sidr leaves stirred into a bucket of warm water. The hadith of the Prophet Muhammad allows to repeat healing prayers and verses from the Koran to increase the water’s potency. 5 grams, or 1 tablespoon of sidr powder equals 7 leaves.

Take the bucket of warm sidr water into the shower and pour it all over. It’s ok to rinse off the powder residue. Then step out of the shower, freshly immune to other people’s bad vibes.

powdered sidr leaves
powdered sidr leaves

 

Elon Musk to create Mars base station on the Moon

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Elon Musk announces that SpaceX is building a Moon Base Alpha on the moon.
Elon Musk announces that SpaceX is building a Moon Base Alpha on the moon.

There is a narrow window, once about every 2 years (26 months), when SpaceX can send a rocket to Mars. Given the narrow timeframe, distance and time to get to the moon, Elon Musk has augmented the bigger mission and has turned getting to the Moon, and inhabiting, a smaller, easier to achieve mini-mission.

He wrote on X today, “For those unaware, SpaceX has already shifted focus to building a self-growing city on the Moon, as we can potentially achieve that in less than 10 years, whereas Mars would take 20+ years. The mission of SpaceX remains the same: extend consciousness and life as we know it to the stars.

“It is only possible to travel to Mars when the planets align every 26 months (six month trip time), whereas we can launch to the Moon every 10 days (2 day trip time). This means we can iterate much faster to complete a Moon city than a Mars city.

Sheik Mohammad aims for Mars
Sheik Mohammad from Saudi Arabia aims for Mars

“That said, SpaceX will also strive to build a Mars city and begin doing so in about 5 to 7 years, but the overriding priority is securing the future of civilization and the Moon is faster.”

inside-mars-biodome
United Arab Emirates is aiming for Mars too

 

We love to dream about humans on the moon, not because we personally want to go there, but because the technology and design needed to support life on the moon can actually make our lives on Earth more sustainably focused. Agriculture, water use, and building on the moon or Mars will need to be lean, sustainable and probably closed loop.

A SpaceX Moon Base Alpha rendering. Source: Unknown.
A SpaceX Moon Base Alpha rendering. Source: Unknown.

They will need technologies that can provide limitless energy from the sun, and which can squeeze water from human waste and even from the air.

Screengrab from Dune to illustrate space suit that recycle urine
Screengrab from Dune to illustrate space suit that recycle urine

This Dune-inspired spacesuit can recycle urine on Mars – want to help them raise money?

Aiming for the stars has always had a knock-on effect for health as well. Many technologies used in diagnostics were derived from the Space and Defence industries.

Elon Musk isn’t the only one reaching for the moon and Mars. China said last year that it will build a space station with Russia on the moon (it plans on mining the moon first), using nuclear power (please do not blow up the moon!) and the United Arab Emirates plans on joining SpaceX on Mars

He says it’s not important who gets there first; it’s important who brings equipment to build civilization. 

It can take 3 to 5 days to get to the moon. Would you go if you were given the chance?

Are vegetarian babies at risk for being shorter than meat eaters?

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Vegan babies meet their omnivores peers at height by age 2
Vegan babies meet their omnivores peers at height by age 2

American kids seem to grow a foot on average bigger every generation. We all attribute meat and chicken, probably with extra hormones for the change in body size over generations. And as my teen boy starts his big growth spurt I try to feed him meat so he can reach his height potential. I remember by friend Ofer, a vegan, worried about his boy growing. His son Kai is now over 6 feet tall. The kid wasn’t growing along with his peers, so Ofer thought the vegan diet might be slowing his son down.

Is there something to risk when feeding our children a plant-based diet? The science now has answers, and it comes from a country of more vegans per capita than anywhere in the world.

A new study from Ben-Gurion University of the Negev (BGU) researchers and the Nutrition Division of the Israeli Ministry of Health suggests that a vegan diet can support rapid growth in children and that infants and toddlers who are vegan catch up with their peers by the time they are aged two.

The research was published last week in JAMA Network Open. It’s yet to give answers about growth and vegetarianism in teens.

This study analyzed a decade of records (2014–2023) of 1.2 million children provided by the Israeli Ministry of Health, which tracks the development of approximately 70% of the children in the country.

This massive dataset allowed the team—led by Kerem Avital, MPH, and Prof. Danit R. Shahar, PhD, of BGU —to move beyond small-scale debates and provide population-level evidence. They found Infants from vegan households closely tracked their omnivorous peers across all measurements, weight, length, and head circumference, with mean differences that were clinically minor (WHO z-score <0.2) and diminished further when adjusted for birth weight.

By age 24 months, stunting rates remained low across all dietary patterns (3.1% for omnivores, 3.4% for vegetarians, and 3.9% for vegans) with no statistically significant differences in odds between groups.

“In the context of developed countries, these findings are highly reassuring,” said Kerem Avital, lead researcher and PhD candidate at Ben-Gurion University. “The data suggests that with the proper environment, plant-based diets do not compromise the fundamental physical development of infants.”

As veganism moves from a niche lifestyle to a global health trend, BGU’s research provides the scientific “bridge” needed to inform international public health policy and nutritional counseling for the next generation.

As for now, we only have anecdotal information that a high-protein vegan or vegetarian diet does not impact growth heights in teens heading into adulthood. Michael Peterson, a father of 2 teenage boys in Ottawa, Canada, wondered if being a veggie kid might affect the growth patterns of his kids.  

“My kids both went vegetarian for a number of years during some formative time,” Peterson tells Green Prophet. “I have a 6’1” 18-year-old and a 5’7” 15-year-old who I am sure based on his griping about body ache is about to burst up again.

We try and feed them wholesome, home made, veggie-based with mixed protein. With the youngest’s rock climbing obsession we have had to up the protein which he prefers getting from animals, however, he is very conscious of getting from multiple sources. Grains, nuts, etc.”

Rebecca Wolf, via Facebook

Rebecca Wolf, a mom and occupational therapist in Arizona shares her experience raising vegetarian kids: “My kids have been raised vegetarian/pescatarian since birth. They also eat eggs and dairy. They are all in the 95%+ height category for their ages.”

Skipping steak, we find out from science and anecdotes, may not stunt a child’s growth; it might challenge our assumptions about what fuels it.

Everything is better when you spend 5 days in a cave

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Spend 5 days in a Teletubbies cave and come out more alive.

Spend 5 days in a Teletubbies cave and come out more alive. Image via Kiana Aran.

I go to Canada every year and spend at least a month in a forest in the middle of nowhere. The deprivation of the modern world takes time to wear off. After a full week of no stimulation, the effects take hold and suddenly I feel like I can talk with the wind. Every moment seems more alive and worth living. James experienced this at an In the Dark event in London, described as “like a prayer” when you go all-in and listen to music in the dark. Something similar is now being reported by science.

A woman lived in a dark cave for five days and her senses became more alive. Food was tastier.

It all started in November 2024, when bioengineer Kiana Aran entered complete darkness. For five days, she lived alone in a cave-like chamber in rural western Poland, cut off from light, sound, and time. She was fitted with a suite of biosensors. (Poland has wonderful underground salt caves, as well, for other health experiments.)

The experiment, later reported in Nature as part of its Sensors Spotlight, was a scientific inquiry into how the human body recalibrates in the absence of external stimuli.

Aran, a scientist at the University of California, San Diego, tracked herself continuously using wearable and molecular sensors, including EEG monitoring, a glucose sensor, an Oura Ring, and multi-omics sampling before, during, and after the retreat.

On entering the cave, my taste perception changed drastically. Food was intense and delicious. I never knew exactly what I was eating, but I remember certain foods by texture alone: the firmness of broccoli, the smoothness of soups, the crunch of nuts. My proteomic data, measured later, confirmed what my senses had been trying to tell me: proteins linked to taste receptors had shifted significantly, mirroring my heightened perception.

Kiana Aran wore an EEG on her forehead to measure her brain activity while in the cave. Credit: Kinga Janowska and Wojciech Ananda Jay, founders of Darkness Cave Retreat.

Kiana Aran wore an EEG on her forehead to measure her brain activity while in the cave. Credit: Kinga Janowska and Wojciech Ananda Jay, founders of Darkness Cave Retreat.

What emerged was a rare, data-rich portrait of biological adaptation. With no circadian cues, Aran’s sleep became fragmented, with REM and dream-like states appearing throughout the day. Her glucose levels remained unusually stable, even after consuming sweets, suggesting more efficient metabolic uptake when sunlit cues are not available. Proteomic analysis later indicated changes linked to taste perception, echoing her subjective experience of heightened flavor sensitivity in darkness.

Kiana Aran

Her microbiome responses varied by body site. While gut microbiota remained largely stable, microbial communities on the skin and in saliva shifted rapidly, acting as early indicators of environmental stress and adaptation. Together, the data showed that different biological systems respond to isolation on very different timelines, she reported.

“The darkness also gave me dreams that were so vivid they felt real,” she said. “One night, I saw my mother, my cousin and my late grandmother, who had long since passed, sitting together, laughing softly over an iPad. They looked so alive, so close, separated from me only by a glass door.”

Kiana Aran and crew. Supplied.

Kiana Aran and crew. Supplied.

Beyond physiology, the experiment underscored the communicative power of environment. While Aran’s internal experience of darkness was deeply personal, marked by vivid dreams and altered perception, the data allowed her to translate that experience into something shareable, analyzable, and comparable.

Sensory deprivation in these synthetic caves in Poland
Sensory deprivation in these synthetic caves in Poland

In an era when sensors increasingly mediate how we understand health, cities, and the environment, the cave experiment offers a striking reminder: technology does not replace human experience, but it can make the invisible visible.

Or as Karin Kloosterman from Green Prophet says: use some common sense and just get out in nature. Drop the sensors — and the need to biohack your life better than the next guy.

BM Studios is designing systems, not just buildings in the UAE

Balsam Madi, a systems-thinking architect for Balsam Madi, a firm she’s built out of Dubai and Berlin -> for Balsam Madi Design Studios
Balsam Madi, a system-thinking architect for Balsam Madi studios, a design office she’s built out of Dubai and Berlin

A new female starchitect on the rise? BM Studios is an architectural firm bridging the East and the West. In this article, Balsam Madi shares her approach to climate sensitive design and discusses the role of architects today.

In the UAE, architects often have more influence than they realize, particularly at the early, conceptual stages of a project. How do they weigh that responsibility? How is the role of architects today influencing climate sensitive design? We speak with Balsam Madi from BM Studios to learn more.

Architectural teams are typically structured into distinct roles as concept architects, design development teams, specifiers, and project managers. But these roles frequently operate in silos, especially within large corporations, she tells Green Prophet.

Design managers, who liaise across teams and maintain continuity, are still relatively rare. This hierarchy has a direct impact on sustainability outcomes, notes the young, aspirational architect working between Berlin and Dubai at the firm she founded, BM Studios.

A hospitality concept proposed for an eco-resort in a remote natural setting in Qatar. Balsam Madi.
A hospitality concept proposed for an eco-resort in a remote natural setting in Qatar. Balsam Madi.
A hospitality concept proposed for an eco-resort in a remote natural setting in Qatar. Balsam Madi.
Interior design concept for eco-lodge, Doha, Balsam Madi.

In Balsam’s former role as a senior lead designer at KEO, sustainability was not an add-on, she says, it was embedded in her responsibility. She was expected to introduce cultural research, emerging design trends, sustainable strategies, and even AI-driven methodologies into the workflow. Knowledge transfer was central to her role: staying ahead of global conversations and translating them into locally relevant design decisions.

1- Events design / scenography: This was an event for the design of outdoor lounges in Doha to receive VIP guests for the world cup:
Events design / scenography: An event for the design of outdoor lounges in Doha to receive VIP guests for the World Cup. Credit: BM Studios.

Sustainability entered most powerfully during the concept phase, which she was leading, through storytelling. She reinterpreted vernacular architectural techniques using contemporary aesthetics that clients respond to today, while quietly embedding passive strategies, climate intelligence, and material efficiency. Referencing comparable cities and precedents helped position sustainability not as a risky experiment, but as a proven and aspirational solution.

She also naturally stepped into a design management role, coordinating day-to-day processes, aligning design development teams, specifications, and material research. Early decisions around modularity, prefabrication, and low-impact construction often made the biggest difference, long before sustainability became a checklist. This coordination allowed quality assurance throughout costing and specification stages—precisely where silos often form and opportunities for design integrity and sustainability are lost.

A retails space in Dubai, Balsam Madi. Reminds us of Berlin Minimalism.
A retail space in Dubai, Balsam Madi. Reminds us of Berlin Minimalism at the Voo shop.

As independent practitioners, architects become translators, strategists, and sometimes marketeers of sustainability, not superficially, but by demonstrating how responsible design enhances value, longevity, and relevance.

After leaving the corporate world and working independently, she found more freedom to advocate for these ideas, she tells Green Prophet. As independent practitioners, architects become translators, strategists, and sometimes marketeers of sustainability, not superficially, but by demonstrating how responsible design enhances value, longevity, and relevance. They are expected to do it all!

Balsam Madi at work building a public park in Lebanon.
Balsam Madi at work building a public park in Lebanon. Credit SOSI as a partner and Saida Municipality and Di-lab AUB and Alfa & UN Habitat as sponsors

Over the next decade, architects who can bridge vision, systems, and persuasion will shape the industry far more than those focused on form alone, she says. Having knowledge about LEED-building, or Estidama Pearls isn’t enough.

Where Architects Truly Influence Sustainability

Landscape design for a private Dubai client. Balsam Madi. Landscape design for a private Dubai client. Balsam Madi.

Architects genuinely influence sustainability at three critical points: concept design, advisory roles, and spatial intelligence. The greatest constraint, however, remains resistance to change.

Balsam once proposed a flexible housing strategy inspired by open-building principles and early Japanese residential models, homes designed to evolve with families rather than forcing families to adapt to rigid layouts. The concept was profitable, socially progressive, and sustainable, yet it was not well received. The real estate sector, despite its creative veneer, often prefers familiarity over innovation.

Re-invigorating a poor neighborhood in Egypt. Speaking with locals and making renovations real and relatable.
Re-invigorating an informal neighborhood in Egypt. Speaking with locals and making renovations real and relatable.

Some of her most successful sustainability-driven typologies—projects that doubled developer yields—were led by developers who were architects themselves. Leadership mindset matters. Sustainability is not just about trees or technology; it’s about designing spaces that perform socially, economically, and environmentally over decades.

Cultural constraints also play a role. Ambition in the Middle East region is high, but often paired with impatience. Limited time for research, testing, and long-term planning undermines sustainable outcomes. Developers who have truly excelled invested in R&D and allowed innovation to mature, positioning themselves with distinct value propositions.

Architects also influence sustainability through advisory work: optimizing layouts for waste management, connecting developers with recycling or composting partners, and improving operational efficiency through better planning. These opportunities are frequently missed, often due to a narrow procurement mindset focused on either lowest cost or premium solutions, with little space in between.

Quality is another issue. First-time developers sometimes hire very young firms to reduce costs, resulting in poor layouts and dysfunctional living spaces. Sustainability, at its core, is systems thinking. When treated as isolated gestures rather than an integrated framework, it loses both meaning and impact.

From Designing Form to Designing Systems

Building a library in Lebanon. Balsam Madi.
Building a library in Lebanon. Balsam Madi. Credit Di-lab AUB and MSFEA as sponsor and Kayany Foundation as partner.

Balsam says she loves concept design, “the iterative process, the moment when an idea clicks and demands to be built. That creative spark is sacred. But today, AI can generate iterations faster than entire teams once could. This raises an important question: if machines can explore form, what is the architect’s true value?

“For me, the answer is systems thinking and orchestration. Architecture is no longer about isolated objects; it’s about aligning structure, MEP, HVAC, materials, construction sequencing, and long-term operation from day one. Certifications like LEED touch on this, but the principle runs deeper. Designing holistically from the start avoids waste, redesign, and inefficiency later.

“One of my engineering management professors once said architects are ‘artists with rulers’ and ‘conductors of the construction orchestra.’ We don’t play every instrument, but we understand how they work together. That ability to coordinate, adapt, and guide is irreplaceable.

“This is why my practice spans architecture, interiors, landscape, and product design. Design is a universal language. If you can take an idea from concept to execution in one medium, you can do it in many. The future architect is a systems leader, strategist, and coach—someone who maintains the big picture while navigating complexity with clarity,” she tells Green Prophet.

“As a result, I developed a sustainability arm within my practice that connects businesses, end users, and service providers working on sustainable products. This includes integrating sustainable MEP systems and sensors into high-end heritage spaces—design work that is less conceptual and more coordination-driven, yet increasingly in demand as architecture moves beyond a unilateral definition.

Climate, Materials, and the UAE Context

If you are developing a dream in the UAE, “the biggest challenges in the UAE are climate and infrastructure, particularly mobility,” says Balsam.  “While Dubai’s metro is efficient, many communities lack shaded walkways, green corridors, and pedestrian-friendly design. This disproportionately affects lower-income areas and creates daily stress.”

Materially, many buildings are not designed for long-term exposure to heat and humidity, she notes. “Façades and systems often deteriorate within 20 years, reducing value and increasing vacancy. Rather than resisting the region’s appetite for renovation, we should specify materials with strong life-cycle performance, recyclability, and adaptability. Outdoor construction, in particular, needs stricter material guidelines. Initiatives like Colab in D3 advocate for sustainable material use, but ultimately this requires leadership-level commitment.

“Too often, sustainability manifests as confusion at the operational level and box-ticking at the corporate level. When it becomes jargon detached from empathy and responsibility, it loses credibility. Real change starts with environmental literacy and a shared sense of stewardship for place.”

Beyond Ratings: An Ethical Foundation

Balsam tells us, that there is a growing disconnect between global sustainability agendas and on-the-ground impact. While conferences consume enormous budgets, grassroots sustainability startups, the true innovators, often struggle to survive without access to capital.

Certifications and data have their place, she says, but when sustainability becomes bookkeeping rather than belief, skepticism follows, particularly around topics like Net Zero. “An ethical, zero-harm intention recenters sustainability around empathy—toward nature, communities, and future generations.

“When intention leads, capital can be distributed more holistically, allowing ecosystems to thrive across all roles, from change-makers to policymakers.”

About Balsam Madi, Founder of BM Studios

Beautiful Balsam. Courtesy. Some say curiosity killed the cat; for Balsam Madi, it shaped her life. Driven by a compulsive need to understand systems rather than spectacle, she consistently chose inquiry over allure and human-centered design over trend-driven form.

Trained at the American University of Beirut, her thesis questioned who truly shapes the home: architects, developers, or inhabitants. This inquiry led her to a double MSc in Integrated Urbanism and Sustainable Design at the University of Stuttgart and Ain Shams University in Cairo, where she mapped the cultural, political, and territorial forces shaping cities, with a focus on Lebanon’s hinterland. She continued this research as a university lecturer, combining formal design with strategic intent.

Her formative years included work in Cairo’s informal settlements, public space upgrades in Saida’s historic district, and academic collaborations with AUB and Columbia University. In 2016, she founded BM Studios, exploring hospitality typologies through projects such as a boutique hotel in Athens designed for emerging “digital nomad” users.

Today, BM Studios is a multidisciplinary practice spanning architecture, interiors, landscape, and product design, marking a decade of independent practice in 2026. Having worked across MENA, Europe, and Japan, Balsam is recognized for her depth of cultural groundwork and has served as a trusted concept architect for royal accounts in Saudi Arabia and Qatar, as well as key Abu Dhabi public sector projects.

Often described as a “client whisperer,” she is attuned to unspoken expectations and cultural nuance. Working between Dubai and Berlin with an international team, she leads a digitally agile, culturally rooted studio that prioritizes novelty, sensitivity, and environmental integrity. When selecting interns, she chooses curiosity every time.

::BM Studios (based in Dubai and Berlin)

Make nettle dumplings, also known as nettles malfatti

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nettles malfatti
Nettles malfatti dumplings, covered in grated Parmesan

It’s late winter, almost spring in the Mediterranean, and the time to harvest wild greens is now. In a week or two, the best will be gone to seed, gotten leggy and tough, or infested with bugs.

I went out foraging for nettles, my favorite wild edible. I was aiming to make nettles dumplings, or as they’d be known in Italy, malfatti. See our other 5 ways to eat iron-rich nettles. And here we show inventive ways to make dumlings.

Malfatti means “badly formed,” and these dumplings, quickly shaped in the hand, have an awkward, rough look. Traditionally, spinach is the leafy ingredient, and the malfatti come out white speckled with green. These, based on nettles, are a rich, dark green.

I found this recipe in the late Leda Meredith’s book, “The Forager’s Feast.”

When I mention harvesting nettles to people who don’t forage, I get plenty of rolled eyes and the usual question: “Don’t you get stung, picking them?”

I do get stung. In my first years of picking nettles, I found that wearing gloves and taking scissors along was the way to deal with them.

Snip the stems and holding them with the scissor blades, put them down, all facing one way. That makes them easier to handle when rinsing them and hanging them up to dry.

But that was years ago. I pick nettles with bare hands now, and while I feel the sting, I don’t mind it anymore. Remember, all the sting goes away in the cooking. If you’re new to eating nettles and curious about their flavor, I’ll say that they don’t taste like spinach.

All wild greens are described as tasting like spinach, but the truth is that each has its distinctive taste, as with artichokes and lettuce, which are botanically related but taste nothing like each other. Nettles’s taste is dark, if you like, and a little salty; a little like seaweed.

This is how I learned to make delicious green malfatti. Like the ancient recipes that start, “First go out and catch a rabbit,” you need 4 ounces of raw, rinsed nettles that you went out and picked yourself.

Nettles Malfatti Recipe

Serves 2 as a main dish; 3-4 as a hot appetizer or side dish

Ingredients:

4 oz. – a tightly packed 1/2-cup of raw nettle leaves – stripped from the stems. My note: ignore any seeds present; they’re also excellent nutrition when young and green.
1 tablespoon olive oil
1 small onion, peeled and chopped finely
2 eggs, beaten
3/4 cup dry breadcrumbs
1/2 cup Parmesan cheese, grated
1 teaspoon salt
1/4 teaspoon black pepper, or more if liked
1/2 cup cup flour for rolling the malfatti in
About 1/2 cup melted butter and 1/4 cup grated extra Parmesan for saucing the malfatti

Instructions:

Arrange ingredients for nettles malfatti, via saborina

Blanch the nettles. Bring a medium-sized pot of water to a boil.

Drop the nettles in and cook for 3 minutes. I set the timer on my phone to avoid over-cooking. You’re only blanching the greens here.

Have ready a bowl of cold water. Remove the blanched nettles from the hot water with tongs or a slotted spoon and immediately drop them in the cold water. Let them sit for a minute or so or until cool.

Drain the nettles in a colander or sieve, and squeeze as much liquid out of them as possible by pushing them hard against the side of the colander. Do this over a bowl, to catch that dark-green juice. It’s tasty and sky-high full of nutrients. You can add it to soups or green smoothies later.

Coarsely chop the wad of squeezed-out nettles.

Empty the pot you boiled the nettles in. Pour the olive oil in and set it over medium heat to warm. (Leda’s tip for reducing the washing up by one pot).

Cook the onion in the oil until soft and translucent, stirring, 4-5 minutes.

Using the knife blade of a food processor, blend the onions and nettles together with the salt and pepper, eggs, breadcrumbs, and cheese until you have a coarse paste.

Scoop the nettles mixture into a bowl, cover it, and refrigerate 6 hours or overnight. I’ve let it mature as long as 24 hours.

Set a large pot of lightly salted water to boil.

Either flour a surface like a baking sheet with the 1/2-cup flour, or dump the flour into a wide bowl. Either way, flour your hands. You’ll need to flour your hands again at intervals.

Pinch off a generous tablespoon of the chilled dough and roll into a torpedo shape. Some prefer a nice round dumpling like a mazah ball; your choice. In either case, your palms will be green.

Rolling the malfatti
Rolling the malfatti makes green hands.

Roll each malfatti in the flour and set it aside on a floured surface while rolling the rest. If your bowl is wide enough, just place them around the inside and roll the rest of the malfatti in the flour heap in the center of the bowl.

Gently lower the malfatti into the water, which by now should be boiling. Don’t crowd the dumplings; they swell and need room to move. You’ll know they’re close to done when they rise and bob around. Cook them 4-5 minutes, no longer or they’ll break apart. You may need to do this in 2 batches.

Using a slotted spoon, remove the cooked malfatti to a platter or serving bowl.

Gently pour melted butter over the malfatti, and sprinkle with the extra grated Parmesan. Serve right away.

Some take malfatti to another level by baking them, cooked as described above, in a bechamel or a tomato sauce for 15 minutes at 350° F – 175°C. Sprinkle with more cheese before serving.

 

Yalla Parkour – A Gaza documentary of the movement before the war

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Parkour is often misunderstood as a fringe sport or a collection of stunts. In reality, it belongs to the same cultural lineage as grafitti, skateboarding and surfing: youth-led movement practices shaped by place, limitations, and the need to claim space.

Parkour, a way of using acrobatics and stunts (sometimes death-defying) to move around the built environment, also caught on in Gaza. We wrote about the young parkour creators in 2012, and now there is a documentary film highlighting their lives and struggles.

For years, young people in Gaza used parkour to create structure and meaning in a restricted environment. Teenager boys trained on rooftops, in quiet streets, and among damaged buildings, learning how to move fluidly through spaces never designed for play. Like skateboarding in dense cities or surfing along contested coastlines, parkour offered discipline, community, and identity. (Boys and girls do not hang out in Gaza together, so the sport was limited to boys).

Yalla Parkour, directed by Areeb Zuaiter, captures this culture from within. The film follows Zuaiter’s long relationship with Ahmed Matar, a parkour athlete in Gaza, as she reflects on loss, memory, and belonging after the death of her mother. What begins as a personal search gradually opens into a portrait of how movement shapes young lives under constraint.

The documentary avoids spectacle. There are no competitions, rankings, or dramatic victories. Instead, the focus is on training, trust, and shared routines. Rooftops become practice spaces. Friends gather to watch, film, and learn from one another. Like skate crews or surf communities, Gaza’s parkour scene is built on mutual respect and collective risk.

Much of the film was developed and shot years before October 7, 2023. The Gaza shown on screen reflects pre-war daily life: informal training sessions, moments of calm between jumps, and a sense of continuity. The film now carries the weight of an unintended historical record, showing how beautiful and developed Gaza was. Any references to events after October 7 are reflective and editorial.

Gaza parkour, screenshot from new documentary film. Updated 2026
Gaza parkour, screenshot from new documentary film. Updated 2026

What Yalla Parkour ultimately shows is that parkour in Gaza was never about escape fantasies. It was about learning limits, adapting to obstacles, and staying grounded through physical practice. Like skateboarding and surfing, it offered young people a way to grow, build skill, and belong to something larger than themselves.

Seen this way, Yalla Parkour is not only a film about Gaza. It is a film about youth culture and movement, and about the universal human need to claim space, even when that space is sharply constrained.

If you love parkour, check out how girls in Afghanistan started skateboarding. Or how women in Cairo, Egypt could learn to cycle or jog, free from being sexually harassed by creating Harassmap.

::Yalla Parkour

The holy sidr tree can stop desertification

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Iraq marsh people know how to live with water. New research from Iraq shows us how to reclaim the earth from the desert.
Iraq marsh people know how to live with water. New research from Iraq shows us how to reclaim the earth from the desert.

There is one tree that unites all monotheistic faiths, and it’s the sidr tree. Judaism, Islam and Christianity all have mystical connections to the tree. And besides the real-world honey that it provides (see our article on Yemeni sidr honey) Iraqi scientists say that the sidr tree, beloved by nations, can stop desertification. In a new article published by Faiza Khadim Dawood Al-Rumaydh, at the University of Thi Qar, Iraq, Sidr Trees Between Windbreaks and Production, he says the sidr (Ziziphus spina-christi) is a great contender for undoing the deserts. (We have a guide here which shows the sidr tree’s natural medicine)

“Because of their remarkable resistance to drought, salinity, and harsh conditions, sidr trees have a long history in the Arab world and around the world,” Al-Rumaydh writes.

That sentence alone explains why the sidr tree keeps showing up in conversations about desertification control. Long before sustainability plans and carbon accounting, this tree learned how to live with heat, wind, and water scarcity, and how to protect the land around it while doing so.

A complete ecosystem that provides sustainable protection for the soil

Al-Rumaydh describes the Sidr less as a single organism and more as a working ecological unit. Its deep roots reach down toward groundwater, while lateral roots spread wide to catch surface moisture. Its dense canopy slows wind instead of blocking it abruptly, reducing erosion.

A mudhif, marsh Arab home in Iraq
A mudhif, marsh Arab home in Iraq

In dry regions where wind strips topsoil and salinity creeps upward, this matters. Sidr trees, planted in rows or allowed to mature naturally, function as biological windbreaks—quiet infrastructure that doesn’t require electricity, sensors, or software updates.

Al-Rumaydh calls the Sidr “a complete ecosystem that provides sustainable protection for the soil.”

That phrase complete ecosystem reframes the tree from crop to collaborator. The Sidr doesn’t just survive harsh conditions; it reshapes them, creating shade, stabilizing soil, and allowing other life to persist nearby.

The Sidr’s value isn’t limited to ecology. Al-Rumaydh documents its economic importance across arid and semi-arid regions, especially in Iraq. The tree produces edible fruits rich in sugars and vitamin C, leaves that double as livestock fodder during drought, durable wood, and, perhaps most famously, honey. In English, fruits from the tree are called jujubes, and you can find them in Middle East, MENA and Levantine markets.

“Sidr honey is a complete bioactive complex rather than just a natural sweetener,” Al-Rumaydh notes, explaining why it commands high prices and international demand.

That honey economy matters. In rural areas where employment options are shrinking, Sidr trees support beekeeping, small-scale agriculture, and local markets. They reward long thinking. A Sidr tree can remain productive for decades, even as surrounding conditions deteriorate.

Yemen beekeepers keep ancient tradition alive
Yemen beekeepers make honey from the sidr tree, image via FAO and reprinted with permission.

Al-Rumaydh’s paper stays firmly in the scientific lane, but it brushes up against something harder to quantify: continuity. Sidr trees have been present across Iraq and the wider region for generations.

That familiarity is part of why Sidr keeps resurfacing in modern sustainability discussions. When communities talk about restoring land, they often gravitate toward species that already belong there, not imported solutions, but remembered ones. Like the millions of mangrove trees restoring habitat in Saudi Arabia. It is also known as black magic medicine in Quranic literature, so watch out!

Sidr tree leaves, seeds, stems, fruit can be used for warding off the evil eye or black magic against your foes. image via IQS

Could sidr trees become part of shared restoration efforts across the region? Not as symbolic gestures, but as practical acts—windbreaks planted along vulnerable farmland, buffer zones around settlements, living barriers against soil loss. Could all the nations of the world band together and make this happen?

Al-Rumaydh is careful to note that Sidr cultivation requires planning, spacing, early irrigation, and respect for local conditions. This isn’t a miracle tree but it’s a resilient one.

For those insisting on sustainable peace, the science article and applications can be found here.

Our hair shows that banning lead works

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Lead is appearing less in our hair. Image courtesy.
Lead is appearing less in our hair. Image courtesy.

Prior to the establishment of the Environmental Protection Agency in 1970, Americans lived in communities awash with lead from industrial sources, paint, water supply pipes and, most significantly, tailpipe emissions. A dangerous neurotoxin that accumulates in human tissues and is linked to developmental deficits in children, environmental lead levels have come way down in the years since, and so have human exposures.

The proof is in your hair.

An analysis of hair samples conducted by University of Utah scientists shows precipitous reductions in lead levels since 1916.

“We were able to show through our hair samples what the lead concentrations are before and after the establishment of regulations by the EPA,” said demographer Ken Smith, a distinguished professor emeritus of family and consumer studies. “We have hair samples spanning about 100 years. And back when the regulations were absent, the lead levels were about 100 times higher than they are after the regulations.”

A useful element with a dark side

Lead in the hair has been decreasing for decades: image illustrative.
Lead in the hair has been decreasing for decades: image illustrative.

The findings, which appear in PNAS, underscore the vital role of environmental regulations in protecting public health. The study notes lead rules are now being weakened by the Trump administration in a wide-ranging move to ease environmental protections.

“We should not forget the lessons of history. And the lesson is those regulations have been very important,” said co-author Thure Cerling, a distinguished professor of both geology and biology. “Sometimes they seem onerous and mean that industry can’t do exactly what they’d like to do when they want to do it or as quickly as they want to do it. But it’s had really, really positive effects.”

Lead is the heaviest of heavy metals that, like mercury and arsenic, accumulate in living tissue and are toxic at even low levels. Yet lead holds very useful properties, great for fashioning into pipes and as a chemical additive. Lead was added to paint to improve durability, speed up drying, and produce vibrant colors with greater coverage. Lead also improved the performance of automobile engines by preventing pistons from “knocking.”

By the 1970s, its toxicity became well established, and EPA regulations began phasing it out of paint, pipes, gasoline and other consumer products.

How Utahns’ affection for family history advances science

Hair samples preserved in Mormon family scrapbooks across the past century have revealed the success of the US Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) efforts to crack down on lead pollution since the 1970s. (Amherst College)

To document whether these steps were helping reduce lead exposure in people, Smith joined with geologist Diego Fernandez and Cerling, who had developed techniques to discern where animals have lived and what they eat based on chemical analysis of hair and teeth.

The lead research is built on a previous study funded by the university’s Center on Aging and the National Institutes of Health that had recruited Utahns who consented to provide blood samples and family health histories.

For the new study, the researchers asked members of that cohort to provide hair samples, both contemporary and from when they were young. These people obliged, and some were able to find ancestors’ hair preserved in family scrapbooks dating as far back as a century. In all, the team acquired hair samples from 48 individuals in this manner, offering a robust window into lead levels along Utah’s populous Wasatch Front, which historically experienced heavy lead emissions from industrial sources.

“The Utah part of this is so interesting because of the way people keep track of their family history. I don’t know that you could do this in New York or Florida,” said Smith, who directed the U’s Pedigree and Population Program at the Huntsman Cancer Center while these studies were conducted.

This region supported a vibrant smelting industry through most of the 20th century, centered in the cities of Midvale and Murray. Most of Utah’s smelters were shuttered by the 1970s, around the same time the EPA clamped down on the use of lead in consumer products.

The research team ran the hair samples through mass spectrometry equipment at the facility directed by Fernandez.

“The surface of the hair is special. We can tell that some elements get concentrated and accumulated on the surface. Lead is one of those. That makes it easier because lead is not lost over time,” said Fernandez, a research professor in the Department of Geology & Geophysics. “Because mass spectrometry is very sensitive, we can do it with one hair strand, though we cannot tell where the lead is in the hair. It’s probably on the surface mostly, but it could also be coming from the blood if that hair was synthesized when there was high lead in the blood.”

Blood would provide a better exposure assessment, but hair is far easier to collect and preserve, and more importantly, it offers clues to long-ago exposures for a person who has grown up or even deceased.

“It doesn’t really record that internal blood concentration that your brain is seeing, but it tells you about that overall environmental exposure,” Cerling said. “One of the things that we found is that hair records that original value, but then the longer the hair has been exposed to the environment, the higher the lead concentrations are.”

The team’s findings regarding lead in hair run parallel to the reductions of lead in gasoline following the EPA’s establishment by President Richard Nixon.

Prior to 1970, for example, gasolines contained about 2 grams of lead per gallon. That might not sound like much, but considering the billions of gallons of fuel American automobiles burn each year, it adds up to nearly 2 pounds of lead released into the environment per person a year.

‘It’s an enormous amount of lead that’s being put into the environment and quite locally,” Cerling said. “It’s just coming out of the tailpipe, goes up in the air and then it comes down. It’s in the air for a number of days, especially during the inversions that we have and it absorbs into your hair, you breathe it and it goes into your lungs.”

But after the 1970s, even as gasoline consumption escalated in the United States, the concentrations of lead in the hair samples plummeted, from as high as 100 parts per million (ppm) to 10 ppm by 1990. In 2024, the level was less than 1 ppm.

Sony builds the world’s first global supply chain for renewable plastics in high-performance electronics

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Sony creates a new bioplastic pipeline and alliance. Image: courtesy.
Sony creates a new bioplastic pipeline and alliance. Image: courtesy.

For years, consumer electronics companies have talked about reducing plastic. What’s been missing is a way to do it without compromising performance, safety, or scale. Of course we’ve been faithful on reporting on novel technology and applications of bio-plastics, that used by Stella McCartney, which is made from mushrooms, or bio-plastics made by Tipa. But this is a drop in the plastic bucket.

This week, Sony Corporation announced what may be one of the most consequential, and least flashy, breakthroughs in sustainable manufacturing: the creation of the world’s first fully visualized global supply chain for renewable plastics designed specifically for high-performance audio-visual products.

Fourteen companies across five countries and regions have joined in and these are spanning raw materials, chemicals, polymers, additives, and manufacturing. They have aligned to replace fossil-based plastics with biomass-derived alternatives, not in theory, but in products Sony plans to launch globally.

Why this matters more than recycled plastic

Sony creates a new bioplastic pipeline and alliance. Image: courtesy.
Sony creates a new bioplastic pipeline and alliance. Image: courtesy.

We know that most plastics do not get recycled, despite our best intentions to put our bottles in the recycling. With electronics, it is more complicated: Electronics are plastic-heavy for a reason. Casings, optical components, flame-retardant housings, and internal parts require tight tolerances, heat resistance, flame resistance, and optical clarity. These properties are difficult often impossible to create using mechanically recycled plastics alone.

That limitation has quietly stalled progress. Sony and its partners tackled the problem upstream by redesigning the entire materials pipeline, starting not with finished parts, but with renewable chemical feedstocks. Using a certified mass-balance approach, biomass-based inputs such as renewable naphtha are introduced at the earliest stages of chemical production, then tracked through each conversion step — from monomers to resins to finished components.

The result: plastics with the same performance characteristics as virgin fossil-based materials, but with a significantly lower carbon footprint.

One of the most important aspects of the initiative is transparency. High-performance plastics typically pass through dozens of opaque steps, making it nearly impossible to calculate or verify emissions. By mapping and fixing the supply chain end-to-end, Sony and its partners can now track greenhouse gas emissions across the entire lifecycle, enabling real carbon accounting rather than estimates or offsets.

The supply chain includes chemical and materials heavyweights such as Mitsubishi Corporation, Neste Corporation, Toray Industries, Mitsui Chemicals, Idemitsu Kosan, ENEOS, Hanwha Impact, Formosa Chemicals & Fibre, and SK Geo Centric, among others.

Each partner handles a precise step: renewable naphtha, styrene monomer, para-xylene, PET resin, polycarbonate resin, flame retardants, and PC/ABS blend, all engineered to meet electronics-grade requirements.

This level of coordination is rare, and that’s why the announcement matters. It shows that renewable plastics are no longer a niche materials problem, but a solvable industrial systems problem.

Sony frames the initiative as part of its “Creating NEW from reNEWable materials” project, aligned with the company’s broader Road to Zero environmental plan targeting net-zero environmental impact by 2050.

 

Astro uses AI to help procure land for renewable energy

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Alex Fuster founder of Astro Energy
Alex Fuster founder of Astro Energy

In the shimmering heat of the world’s great deserts, from Saudi Arabia’s Rub’ al Khali (the Empty Quarter) to the sands outside Abu Dhabi, lies a paradox. These landscapes bask in uninterrupted sunshine yet remain under-leveraged in the global renewable economy. The stumbling blocks to starting solar projects are rarely physical: the sun blazes. The hurdles are administrative, financial, and usually bureaucratic. As we’ve learned from Ipanema some 80-90% of renewable projects fail due to unforeseen, high grid connection costs, which Astro’s AI identifies upfront.

The company secures grid interconnection agreements, then sells these de-risked, shovel-ready projects to larger energy companies who can immediately start construction.

How? Astro, based in Silicon Valley uses artificial intelligence to map, acquire, and ready land for utility-scale clean energy build-out, then sell these “plug-and-play” sites to developers hungry for opportunity but infuriated by paperwork.

Astro’s pitch sounds almost too simple to be disruptive because if the biggest barrier to solar and wind isn’t physics but red tape, what if you solved the red tape first? The company’s machine-learning models ingest satellite imagery, grid maps, land-use data, and localized weather forecasts to pinpoint parcels that are ideal for renewables — not just sunny or windy, but grid-connectable, low-conflict, and low-cost.

Once a site is selected, Astro negotiates land access, coordinates environmental assessments, and aligns utility interconnection agreements, all the elements that typically take years.

For oil-rich, environmentally vigilant Gulf states, this isn’t just another startup story. It is a blueprint for accelerating an energy transition that is now existential, not optional. Regionally, governments have set ambitious targets such Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030 (which is most likely going to fail from poor planning and the dropping cost of oil) and the UAE’s Net Zero by 2050 strategy among them — but the execution often collides with an analog world of forms, approvals, and human inertia. Astro’s model turns that world digital, algorithmic, and fast.

Now imagine applying Astro-style intelligence to water resources, wind energy, and even remediation of damaged lands. They could help us map out where to put greenhouses and towns of the future. They can plan cities not based on a feeling but on opportunities.

In arid environments, the scarcity of freshwater supplies is as pressing as the need for clean power. By layering hydrological data onto the same AI platform that identifies prime solar sites, planners could locate aquifer recharge zones, optimize placement for desalination projects powered by renewables, and reduce the energy footprint of water distribution.

Wind isn’t far behind. Coastal zones of the Arabian Gulf and the Red Sea present compelling offshore and onshore wind potential. The same technology that pinpoints grid access for solar can model turbine wakes and logistics corridors, dramatically shortening the time from concept to construction.

And then there’s the elephant in the room: the environmental damage left in the wake of fossil extraction. You don’t have to look far for a cautionary tale — the soil and water crises around Basra’s oil fields which we wrote about last month, have made headlines and sickened communities. While Astro doesn’t sell cleanup services, the implication of its approach is clear: when you can map the viability of a clean project with precision, you can also map the liabilities. That opens the door for investors and sovereign wealth funds to bundle renewable investment with environmental remediation in blended finance vehicles.

Astro is founded by Alex Fuster. He is a Stanford-trained physicist and computer scientist and former energy trader at Citadel, he built Astro after seeing how predictable grid congestion data is overlooked by traditional developers. Astro is part of Y Combinator and is starting business development in Texas. Astro Energy closed a pre-seed funding round of about $500 K in April 2025, with participation from Y Combinator.

Earth building with Dead Sea salt bricks

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Dead Sea
A Dead Sea island and tree. Illustrative photo.

R

Over the past decade, scientists and designers have increasingly recognized that the climate challenge is not only how we build, but what we build with. The construction industry is among the world’s largest polluters, and cement production alone accounts for roughly 8 percent of global carbon emissions.

In response, researchers worldwide are developing alternative building materials with lower environmental footprints—often based on recycled or locally abundant resources. One such innovation is now emerging from Israel: a building brick made largely from recycled Dead Sea salt.

Related: she makes pretty things out of Dead Sea crystals

Turning waste into raw material

Construction places an enormous burden on natural resources. According to the United Nations Environment Program, the sector consumes around 36 percent of global energy, contributes nearly 40 percent of CO₂ emissions, and is responsible for significant air and ecosystem pollution.

Israel, meanwhile, has limited natural construction resources. One of its most abundant materials is found at the Dead Sea, one of the world’s largest sources of industrial salt and potash. Each year, millions of tons of excess salt accumulate in evaporation ponds as a byproduct of mineral extraction. The buildup raises the lakebed, alters shorelines, and presents a long-term environmental challenge.

For decades, this surplus salt was treated as waste.

Prof. Daniel Mendler, Hebrew University
Prof. Daniel Mendler, Hebrew University

Since 2015, Danny Mendler, a professor in the Chemistry Department at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, has been working to change that perception. His research treats Dead Sea salt not as a nuisance to be removed, but as a raw material that can be refined and reused.

Mendler developed a process that compresses salt with a small percentage of additional materials—around five percent—under high pressure to create solid bricks with strength approaching that of conventional concrete.

“If we can replace even a fraction of cement with salt, the environmental impact would be substantial,” Mendler explains. “Reducing cement use directly reduces carbon emissions.”

From chemistry lab to architectural design

Dead Sea crystal jewelry, salt crystal jewelry, Dead Sea salt crystals, handmade crystal jewelry, natural salt jewelry, healing crystal jewelry, mineral jewelry, Dead Sea minerals, unique crystal jewelry, artisan salt jewelry, spiritual jewelry, holistic jewelry, Dead Sea gifts, salt gemstone jewelry, eco-friendly jewelry, metaphysical jewelry, raw crystal jewelry, Dead Sea wellness, ethical crystal jewelry, salt energy jewelry
Jewellery from naturally occurring dead sea salt crystals via Michal Rothschild.

In 2025, the research moved beyond the laboratory through a collaboration with architecture students at the Technion – Israel Institute of Technology. As part of the Faculty of Architecture and Town Planning’s Studio 1:1 program, led by Michal Bleicher and Dan Price, students translated the material into a workable building system.

The group examined the physical qualities of salt—its mass, translucency, and structural behavior—and designed a prototype structure they called the Mediterranean Igloo. Through this process, they defined a standardized brick size of 8 × 8 × 24 centimeters, a 1:3 ratio that allows modular flexibility in construction.

The outcome was a uniform, scalable brick made primarily from Dead Sea salt—adaptable in shape, thickness, and surface texture, and compatible with contemporary building needs. Compared with conventional materials, the salt bricks offer a lower-pollution alternative while repurposing an existing environmental burden.

International recognition

Designer Erez Nevi Pani designed bricks from Dead Sea salt in 2021. This new research takes the inspiration to a commercial scale. Image via Erez Navi Pana.
Designer Erez Nevi Pani designed bricks from Dead Sea salt in 2021. This new research takes the inspiration to a commercial scale. Image via Erez Navi Pana.

The project was presented in October at Change: The Shape of Transformation, part of the Venice Architecture Biennale. Selected from 55 academic institutions worldwide, the Technion team was among just ten invited to exhibit.

The students transported physical salt bricks to Venice, drawing significant interest from architects and researchers. According to Bleicher, the response underscored growing global attention to material innovation in architecture.

“This is a material that is both natural and engineered,” she says. “Our next goal is to construct a full-scale structure in Israel using these bricks. We believe this approach can turn a serious environmental problem into a practical solution.”

What stands in the way

Dead Sea salt building bricks sample. Via the Hebrew University.
Dead Sea salt building bricks sample. Via the Hebrew University.

Despite its promise, widespread adoption is not imminent. The construction industry is notoriously conservative, and introducing new materials requires years of testing, certification, and regulatory approval.

“Every new building material must pass extensive strength, durability, and safety standards,” Bleicher notes. “That takes time, funding, and supportive regulation—which is often lacking.”

Still, the idea that decades of accumulated salt waste could become part of a cleaner construction future reflects a broader shift in environmental thinking: viewing crisis not only as a risk, but as a catalyst for innovation.

This article was prepared by Zavit, the news agency of the Israeli Society for Ecology and Environmental Sciences. It is republished with permission.

The Christ’s thorn (sidr tree) is also a well-known folk medicine

Yemenite honey is probably the best in the world. Image via Sedra
Yemenite honey is probably the best in the world. They make it using the ancient and holy sidr tree. Image via Sedra

Christ’s thorn jujube (Ziziphus spina-christi) also known as the sidr tree is a real, identifiable tree native to the Middle East, and it appears—directly or indirectly—in Islam, Judaism, and later Christian tradition. The connections between the three faiths are not theological agreements but overlapping uses, names, and symbolic associations rooted in the same landscape.

In Islam, the tree is known as the sidr. The Qur’an refers to Sidrat al-Muntaha, the Lote Tree of the Utmost Boundary, in Surah An-Najm (53:13–18). While the Qur’anic reference is cosmic rather than botanical, Islamic scholarship and popular tradition have long associated the earthly sidr tree (Ziziphus spina-christi) with this name. Separately, the sidr has practical religious use: its leaves are traditionally used for ritual washing, including funerary preparation, because of their cleansing properties. Islamic legal tradition also treats shade-giving trees such as the sidr as protected resources, discouraging their destruction because of their role in sustaining human and animal life in arid environments. In medieval medical literature the jujube appears fre-quently under various names, such as “sidar” or “tsal“, while the fruit is called “nabaq” or dum“. This is the confusing part, because it has so many different names. 

Pyramid Mysteries, by Daniel Martine Diaz
Pyramid mysteries, by Daniel Martine Diaz

In Judaism, the same species is known in Hebrew as shizaf and in English, the jujube tree. The tree appears in rabbinic literature as a familiar fruit tree in the Land of Israel and surrounding regions. Its significance is legal and practical rather than mystical. The shizaf is discussed in the context of agricultural law, including restrictions against unnecessary destruction (bal tashchit, not wasting or destroying) and rules governing fruit trees, property boundaries, and communal benefit. Trees that provide food or shade, even if not commercially valuable, are afforded protection under Jewish law. Trees that provide fruit are forbidden from being cut down, and in Judaism there is even a holiday for the trees, called Tu B’shevat. The jujube therefore functions as part of Judaism’s broader land-based ethic rather than as a singular sacred symbol.

The Christian association is later and less textually grounded. The English name Christ’s thorn reflects a tradition that identifies the tree’s hooked thorns with the crown of thorns placed on Jesus Christ during the crucifixion. The New Testament does not name the plant species, and there is no definitive historical proof that Ziziphus spina-christi was used. However, the tree was common in Roman-era Judea, and its flexible, sharp thorns make the identification plausible enough to persist in Christian tradition and naming. This is one of the theories. Ever hike in the Judaean Mountains outside of Jerusalem, and dry thorny trees and bushes is about all you will find.

The clean line between the three traditions can exist: Islam names the tree as the sidr and elevates it symbolically and ritually; Judaism regulates it legally and ethically as part of a lived agricultural system. Mentioned in the Mishnah and Talmud, they are linked to the biblical atad and, historically. The sidr was also known as pilgrimage trees for women who were barren. Christianity retrospectively associates it with a central moment in the life of Jesus. All three traditions engage the same tree through different lenses—cosmic boundary, legal responsibility, and historical memory—without relying on the same texts or meanings. According to this article it is the only holy tree in Islam and the Druze also revere this tree for its spiritual importance.

The medicinal uses for Christ’s thorn, the sidr tree are vast. These are documented ethnobotanical use in Israel and the wider Middle East.

Medicinal Uses of Christ’s Thorn Jujube (Ziziphus spina-christi)

 

Medical condition / use Plant part & preparation Communities / regions recorded
Toothache, gum disease Root or bark powder rubbed on gums Arabs, Bedouins (Israel); Iraq; Arabian Peninsula
Arthritis, joint pain Paste of crushed roots, leaves, or branches; steam inhalation Arabs, Bedouins; Arabia; Dhofar (Oman)
General pain relief Paste of crushed roots or branches mixed with flour Arabs, Bedouins
Muscle pain Steam from boiled branches and leaves Sinai & Negev Bedouins
Bruises Fruit, leaves, or seeds applied Arabian Peninsula; Dhofar
Chest pain, asthma Fruit, leaves, seeds (infusion) Medieval Levant; Arabia
Headache Fruit, leaves, seeds Arabia; Dhofar
Heart pain Branch-based preparations Sinai & Negev Bedouins
Eye inflammation Powdered seeds, green leaves, or roots as poultice Arabs, Bedouins; Iraqi Jews; Egypt
Stomach disorders (constipation, heartburn) Decoction of fruit, seeds, or leaves Arabs, Bedouins; Ancient Egypt; Iraq; Morocco
Diarrhea Fruit or leaf infusion Bedouins; Yemenite Jews; Iraqi Jews
Intestinal worms Fruit, seed, or leaf infusion Arabs, Bedouins; Iraqi Jews
Hemorrhoids Leaves (topical or infusion) Yemenite Jews; Iraqi Jews
Wounds Fresh fruit juice applied Arabs; Iraqi Jews; Ancient Egypt
Burns Crushed fruit, boiled Iraqi Jews
Skin diseases Boiled or crushed leaves, resin Iraqi Jews; Arabia
Abscesses Cataplasm of boiled leaves Morocco
Lung and respiratory illness Leaves or fruit Iraqi Jews; Arabia; medieval Iberia
Blood purifier / tonic Leaves or fruit Yemenite Jews; Ancient Egypt
High blood pressure Leaf infusion Israel; Jordan
Fractures Poultice of boiled leaves Arabian Peninsula
Cooling / febrifuge Bark, leaves, fruit Ancient Egypt; Iraq; Morocco
Hair and scalp problems Liquid from leaves, fruit, resin Arabs; Iraqi Jews; Arabia
Snake bite Wood ash mixed with vinegar Medieval Levant; Morocco
Bee / wasp stings Leaves applied Medieval Levant
Colds Fruit Israel; Jordan
Weight reduction Fruit Israel; Jordan
Nervousness Branches and leaves Negev Bedouins
Liver disorders Fruit Ancient Egypt

Source: Dafni, A., Levy, S., & Lev, E. (2005). The ethnobotany of Christ’s Thorn Jujube (Ziziphus spina-christi) in Israel. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine, 1:8. https://doi.org/10.1186/1746-4269-1-8

What unites these traditions is that the jujube tree heals wounds, cools bodies, feeds communities, and thrives where water is scarce. It teaches patience, restraint, and coexistence with the land.

Farm To Table Israel Connects People To The Land

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farm to table israel
A Farm to Table experience cooking in nature. Via Farm to Table

Farm To Table Israel is transforming the traditional dining experience into a hands-on journey.

“People want to see and experience where the food comes from,” says Farm To Table owner Yakir Knafo. “I like to introduce guests to the small, ‘romantic’ farms where they get a personal feel for connection to the land.”

And you can hardly get more personal with the land than pulling carrots out of the ground yourself; carrots that you’ll watch a chef cook a little while later for lunch. Or standing under a tree peeling a juicy orange you plucked off a branch a second ago.

Yakir Knafo's hand-picked grapes can be found served at his deli in Jaffa
Yakir Knafo’s hand-picked grapes can be found served at his deli in Jaffa

An hour in the field is followed two hours of a 7-course meal filled with the genuine flavors of Israeli food. It might be cooked then and there on the farm, to be eaten in the open air. Or you might head back to the Alhambra deli in Jaffa, where Farm To Table Israel guests feast at a communal table. You’ll enjoy a meal that’s as much about storytelling and community as it is about fresh, local flavors, and where every ingredient comes from local sources – even the salt.

A plate of local delicacies
A plate of local delicacies

Culinary tours include visits to an olive oil press, followed by a meal where every dish features a different local olive oil; or to a vineyard and boutique winery that shows how Israeli wines have gained international recognition. Or a group may visit one of the local dairies. A tour of an apiary and honey tastings in the works for the near future.

Olive processing on a Farm to Table visit
Olive processing on a Farm to Table visit
Yakir's van travels throughout Israel offering farm to table experiences. You can also find it parked nearby his deli in Jaffa.
Yakir’s van travels throughout Israel offering farm to table experiences. You can also find it parked nearby his deli in Jaffa.

Each tour ends with a meal freshly cooked by Yakir and chef Aviel Elbaz, with the participation of any guests who like to cook. There’s a story behind every dish, even behind every ingredient. Guests leave the table enriched with history, a sense of connection with the land, and naturally, the lingering wellbeing that’s the gift of a delectable meal shared with friends.

Related: Ada’s home-roasted coffee in Jaffa

And that’s just one of the culinary experiences offered by Farm To Table Israel. Groups can also book hands-on cooking workshops for groups of friends and for business groups on a day out. Workshop themes include pickling and fermentation, seasonal cooking, and making pasta. Yakir told us that they will create a workshop focused on a special theme too, if requested.

Then there’s Alhambra, the Jaffa base for Farm To Table’s culinary workshops. It’s a café by day and wine bar by night, as well as a delicatessen offering Israeli gourmet specialties.

Alhambra cafe Jaffa
Sitting at a busy corner in Jaffa at the Alhambra Deli. Image courtesy.

All of this was born of Yakir and Aviel’s vision to make food the connection between people and the land. Yakir has an enormous love of nature, the farmer, and the goodness of Israel’s sustainable foods. His enthusiasm overflows in spontaneous talk as visitors harvest, cook, and eat together.

Yakir Knafo offering a taste of local, Israeli wine
Yakir Knafo offering a taste of local, Israeli wine

Jaffa, close to Tel Aviv, is the mixed Jewish-Arab neighborhood where Alhambra operates, and where Yakir lives with his family. He interacts comfortably with close-by Arab businesses:

“We live together, after all. I get fish from Ibrahim, orange juice from Salem, and kitchen equipment from Abu Avram. We respect each other,” he says. His voice softens as he says that seaside Jaffa is very much like the Moroccan port town of Essaouira, where his grandfather was chief rabbi.

Alhambra is kosher under rabbinical supervision, dairy/fish. The partners offer cooking workshops there, but a group may also book a workshop near home.

::Farm To Table
::Deli Alhambra 
30 Jerusalem Blvd., Tel Aviv
+972 523 255 370

Traveling to Jaffa in the near future?

Read our green guide to Jaffa

 

 

The Lote Tree of the Utmost Boundary, explained

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Pyramid Mysteries, by Daniel Martine Diaz
Pyramid mysteries, by Daniel Martine Diaz

In Islamic tradition, there is a point where creation ends — a boundary at the 7th heaven that marks the limit of what any created being can reach. That boundary is called Sidrat al-Muntahā, translated as the Lote Tree of the Utmost Boundary.

The reference appears in the Qur’an in a short, concentrated passage in Surah An-Najm (The Star), describing a vision “at the Lote Tree of the most extreme limit.” The lote tree is known as the Sidr tree, from which the Yemenites make holy honey, and it is also believed to be the thorn worn by Jesus.

Where the lote shows up in Islam’s most famous ascent story

The Lote Tree of the Utmost Boundary by Fatima Hagha
The Lote Tree of the Utmost Boundary by Fatima Hagha 

The boundary, or Sidrat al-Muntahā is most often discussed in connection with the Prophet Muhammad’s Night Journey and Ascension (al-Isrā’ wal-Mi‘rāj) to Jerusalem, which was a dream. For in reality, Mohammed never actually made it to Jerusalem, the Holy City. In a well-known narration recorded in Sahih al-Bukhari, the moment is described with a modest line:

Then Jibril took me till we reached Sidrat-ul-Muntaha … which was shrouded in colors indescribable.

In the same narration, the ascent is tied to the establishment of the five daily prayers — a reminder that the story returns to lived practice. In Judaism, the three-times daily supplication was inspired by the Jewish forefather Abraham, described as “standing” before God, interpreted as the first morning prayer (Genesis 19:27), and Isaac going out to “meditate” (or pray) in the fields and Jacob inspired by the evening prayers.

What “utmost boundary” means

In Islam, the Arabic name is descriptive: sidrah (transliterated with an h or without) refers to a lote tree, and muntahā means the farthest point or extremity — the tree at the limit. One academic treatment explores how “the lote tree of the boundary” functions as a threshold image in Islamic interpretive traditions.

Knowing about the concept of the Lote Tree of the Utmost Boundary helps explain a core idea in Islam: God is beyond creation, and there are limits to what humans — and even angels — can know. Islam doesn’t aim for union with God or endless revelation; it emphasizes humility, restraint, and knowing when to stop asking. The story of the Lote Tree shows why Islam values discipline and practice, like daily prayer, over personal mystical experience. Protecting the boundary between the divine and the human is seen not as restrictive, but as essential.

The sidr tree and the Lote Tree

natural medicine Sidr tree
Natural medicine from the jujube or Sidr tree. It is known as the Lote Tree in Islam. Find the Sidr tree written as Lote tree, Lote, Christ’s Thorn, Christ’s Thorn Jujube, Desert jujube, Spina-christi, Ziziphus spina-christi, Nabq, Nabaq, Shizaf, Etz shizaf, Kanar tree, Daal tree, Jujube tree, and various spellings sider, sidar, sidrah, sidra tree.

The sidr tree is a real, familiar tree across Arabia and parts of the Middle East. And it makes great honey. In English it’s often called the lote tree or Christ’s thorn jujube (Ziziphus species). It grows in harsh, dry conditions, provides deep shade, edible fruit, and medicinal leaves, and is known for its resilience.

For centuries it has been part of everyday desert life — practical, tough, and unremarkable in appearance.

In Islam, this ordinary tree is given extraordinary meaning. Sidrat al-Muntahā — the Lote Tree of the Utmost Boundary — takes its name from the sidr tree but is not simply a botanical reference. It marks the furthest limit of creation and knowledge, the point beyond which no created being, including angels, can go.

The Qur’an mentions it briefly, without description or symbolism piled on. That restraint is intentional. Islam does not turn the sidr tree into a symbol of God or a ladder toward divinity as the Jewish text goes – Jacob wrestling with the angel. Instead, it uses a known, grounded tree to mark a boundary. In Islam God remains beyond the created world, and knowing where that boundary lies is part of the faith.

 

The Air Tea Kettle creates a new way to meet plants and herbalism

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Air Tea Kettle Jeremy Kraus, image supplied.

Air Tea Kettle Jeremy Kraus, image supplied.

Editor’s introduction: This review is written in the first person by Raven, who spent months living with the Air Tea Kettle before sharing her experience. Her words reflect a personal learning process rather than a technical evaluation.

The Air Tea Kettle—another gadget for the countertop, or something I would grow to love?

It took me months to digest the information. I realize now I was resisting seeing the Air Tea Kettle’s true value. I didn’t want to write something that just repeated the company’s language. I needed to feel it for myself.

Honestly, if the ebook I subscribed to (twice!) had arrived earlier, the learning curve would have been gentler. Once I finally emailed my how-to questions to Jeremy Krause and received the ebook, something shifted. I could relax into it.

This is a very different feeling than drinking tea. More euphoric. More aromatic. More immediate.

What caught my attention is that at lower temperatures, plants release scents they don’t give up at higher heat.

What caught my attention is that at lower temperatures, plants release scents they don’t give up at higher heat. I’m not a herbalist, so I can’t fully explain the chemistry, even though I can feel the results.

I can’t remember exactly what’s in my current blend (it’s in the ebook), but it’s heavenly. I’ve learned that mixed herbs are more pleasant than single herbs on their own.

Image supplied by Air Tea Kettle

Image supplied by Air Tea Kettle

The ebook includes guidance for herbs that support the nervous system, with precise temperature recommendations. That precision matters.

Air Tea is a new technology. Instead of drinking tea, you inhale herbal vapor through warm air extraction. There is no water and no combustion. The warm air releases essential oils that are often lost in hot water and digestion.

Watch: Air Tea Kettle demonstration video

I grow gardens full of herbs, but I am not a trained herbalist. Reading the ebook is essential. It explains the color-coordinated temperature system and how specific plants respond to heat.

The clearest and most grounded instructions I found were from herbalist Amanda Crooke, especially her Vaporization Masterclass (Part 1).

The device itself is surprisingly simple. There are only three buttons. The center button does most of the work. Plus and minus let you manually change the temperature.

Originally, I couldn’t locate the tweezers. They are a small square tool that slides in and out of the base. These are important for removing the hot stainless steel pod unless you want to burn your fingers.

Air Tea Kettle Jeremy Kraus, image supplied.

Air Tea Kettle, for Valentine’s. Image supplied.

One small but useful trick: if you prefer Celsius, hold the center and minus buttons together for about three seconds.

Even though it appears simple, I still needed time to understand the different components. Today I feel a real sense of relief about the effort I put into demystifying the Air Tea Kettle.

It sits on my countertop, and confidence makes me want to use it.

And I have to say, the presentation and packaging are ingenious.

Editor’s Notes: about the herbal guidance behind the Air Tea Kettle

Herbalist Amanda Crooke inspecting a herb

Herbalist Amanda Crooke for the Air Tea Kettle, via Instagram

The Air Tea Kettle places strong emphasis on education around temperature and plant preparation. Herbalist Amanda Crooke provides instructional material focused on safe, plant-specific vaporization, particularly for users who are not formally trained herbalists.

Why this works as a Valentine’s Day gift

The Air Tea Kettle with a selection of herbs

The Air Tea Kettle with a selection of herbs. Image: Air Tea Kettle

Editor’s note: This is not positioned as a fast or flashy product, but as one that rewards patience, curiosity, and ritual—qualities often associated with meaningful gifts. Herbalism and working with herbs can be a life journey.

::Air Tea Kettle

Why Health Systems Are Reaching a Turning Point

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Heinz J. Sturm is a system architect and analyst exploring integrated climate, energy, water, and health systems as initiator of the Bonn Climate Project and developer of Ars Medica Nova.

Heinz J. Sturm is a system architect and analyst exploring integrated climate, energy, water, and health systems as initiator of the Bonn Climate Project and developer of Ars Medica Nova.

Across Western countries and large parts of the Middle East, health systems are approaching a structural turning point.

Rising costs, chronic disease, demographic change, and environmental stress are exposing the limits of existing healthcare models.

What is becoming visible is not a crisis of medicine, but a crisis of system design.

Policymakers are increasingly recognizing that the future of health prevention and healthcare cannot be secured through medical expansion alone. Long-term stability will depend on how foundational systems—water, food, energy, and living environments—are designed and integrated.

In this article, I point out why health must be understood as the outcome of coherent system architectures. The question is no longer whether health systems will need to change, but whether they will be redesigned deliberately—or forced to change under pressure.

From System Loss to System Design – Why Health Begins Long Before Hospitals

In many countries, healthcare costs are rising faster than economic growth. At the same time, chronic disease is placing lasting pressure on public budgets. This situation is often described as a medical crisis. In reality, it is a structural one.

Health is not a medical sector.

Health as an outcome of integrated water, food, energy, and living systems.

The model shown describes health not as an isolated medical service, but as the outcome of a continuous energy and material system linking water, food, living systems, and human physiology.
At the foundation lies water—not only as a resource, but as a primary form of biological energy. Clean water carries minerals and energy into soils and plants. Through food systems, this energy is transferred to animals and ultimately to humans.
Nutrition, in this context, is not merely the intake of substances, but the transfer of biologically active energy required for cellular function, metabolism, immune regulation, and physiological balance. Health emerges from the availability and quality of this energy flow.
Cells can only function stably when continuously supplied with clean, low-resistance biological energy derived from water, minerals, and food. When this energy and material flow is disrupted—through poor water quality, degraded soils, or nutrient-poor food—physiological stress and disease risk increase.
Technical energy systems complement this biological cycle. They enable water treatment, irrigation, agricultural production, storage, and food distribution. When properly designed, they support biological energy flows rather than displacing them.
The interaction of biological and technical energy and material systems strengthens resilience, reduces long-term health costs, and stabilizes societies. Health appears in this model as the result of functioning systems—not as the product of isolated interventions.

It is the outcome of systems.

Modern health policy focuses primarily on hospitals, pharmaceuticals, and clinical care. These are necessary, but they intervene late—after imbalances have already emerged.

Health begins earlier: with water quality, food systems, living environments, and the ecological conditions of daily life. When these systems are unstable or poorly regulated, disease rates rise and healthcare systems enter a permanent repair mode.

This is not a failure of medicine.
It is a failure of system design.

Historically, this understanding of health was self-evident. Medical traditions across the Levant and the wider region viewed health as balance between human beings and their environment. Water, food, climate, and lifestyle were central medical factors. These systems were preventive and sustainable over time.

Today, it is becoming clear that intervention-based health systems—however effective in acute care—face economic limits. Even the countries that developed them struggle with rising costs and structural overload.

A different path is possible.

Where water systems are stable, nutrition improves. Where nutrition is stable, human physiology stabilizes. Where living environments support biological needs, long-term health costs decline. Health does not emerge as a service delivered, but as the result of good design.

This also changes how medicine itself is understood. Originally, the physician was a system thinker. In this sense, many professions shape health—from water and agricultural experts to urban planners and infrastructure operators.

This systemic relationship is illustrated in the accompanying graphic.

What Comes Next?

If health is a system outcome, reform cannot begin with isolated projects. It must take place at the level where systems are designed: states and ministries.

The next step lies in developing national health architectures that integrate water, food, living environments, and infrastructure as a coherent foundation. The goal is no longer intervention, but prevention—and long-term stability.

::Bonn Climate Project

___


Heinz J. Sturm is a system architect and analyst working at the intersection of energy, water, health, and societal resilience. He is the initiator of the Bonn Climate Project, where he develops integrated system frameworks linking climate action with public health and long-term stability. Sturm is also the developer of Ars Medica Nova, a conceptual platform exploring new models of preventive health that draw on systems thinking, biology, and infrastructure design. His work focuses on translating complex system architectures into practical narratives for policymakers, researchers, and civil society.

Sustainability That Sells: How Profit and Purpose Come Together in the Hive

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Simon Mildren the founder of Hive Keepers makes it easy and sustainable for home owners to keep bees and harvest honey. Image: supplied
Simon Mildren the founder of Hive Keepers makes it easy and sustainable for home owners to keep bees and harvest honey. Image: supplied

For too long, sustainability and profit have been treated as opposites.

One was about doing good, the other about doing well. But the businesses that will define the next decade are the ones that understand the two are now inseparable.

Sustainability is not a cost. It is a new way to make money.

At HiveKeepers, we stopped asking how to make beekeeping more sustainable and started asking how sustainability could make it more profitable. That shift led to the Micro Honey Harvester, a world-first modular system that lets anyone, anywhere, harvest pure honey without the complexity, cost or waste of traditional extraction.

Hivekeeper extractor holds one small frame and allows you to harvest a little, not a lot, without pressure to the bees. Gif: supplied.
Hivekeeper extractor holds one small frame and allows you to harvest a little, not a lot, without pressure to the bees. Gif: supplied.

Traditional honey extraction is messy, expensive and inaccessible for most people who care about sustainable food production. Large rooms, heavy machinery and dedicated facilities all create barriers for smaller producers trying to operate profitably.

The Micro Honey Harvester removes those barriers entirely. Designed with precision and intention, it eliminates the need for an extraction room. With a simple push of a button, beekeepers can harvest fresh honey from hive to home in minutes with zero mess. The result is less waste, higher yield, lower setup costs and a cleaner product ready for sale.

And here’s the part businesses rarely acknowledge: it can make you money.

Whether you are a commercial grower, hobbyist beekeeper or retail equipment supplier, this system opens a new income stream with minimal environmental impact.

For the first time, sustainability is no longer only an ethical choice. It is a financial strategy.

Consumers today expect transparency and traceability from the businesses they support. They want to know their purchases make a difference. By integrating sustainable systems like the Micro Honey Harvester, businesses don’t just meet this expectation, they exceed it. They attract new customers, command stronger margins and tell a genuine story that resonates with modern buyers.

HiveKeepers is already proving this model works. Our technology has been recognised globally, winning both an Apimondia Gold Innovation Award and an Australian Good Design Award. These accolades represent more than engineering excellence. They signal a vision for how design, purpose and profitability can coexist.

Hivekeeper extractor holds one small frame and allows you to harvest a little, not a lot, without pressure to the bees. Gif: supplied. Hivekeeper extractor holds one small frame and allows you to harvest a little, not a lot, without pressure to the bees. Gif: supplied.
Hive Keeper’s Simon Mildren. Image: supplied to Green Prophet.

As Founder Simon Mildren puts it, “We didn’t want to make another product. We wanted to redesign an entire process and make it profitable for everyone involved, from the beekeeper to the planet.”

The Micro Honey Harvester reflects a shift in mindset. It shows what happens when sustainability sits at the centre of design, not the edge. Every element was created to reduce waste, save energy and simplify the harvesting process without compromising quality. The result is a product that benefits both the environment and the economy. It empowers individuals and businesses to take part in regenerative production, turning sustainability into something tangible and rewarding.

This is also a glimpse into the future of food production. Local, traceable, small-scale and connected. Just as microbreweries redefined beer, micro-harvesting is redefining honey.

Distributed production strengthens resilience and creates a closer relationship between the producer, the consumer and the land. It shortens supply chains, reduces waste and builds a more transparent and trustworthy marketplace.

The entire HIve Keeper kit. Image: supplied.
The entire HIve Keeper kit. Image: supplied.

HiveKeepers is part of a growing movement proving that innovation and sustainability are not competing goals, they are the same goal. The companies that understand this will lead the next wave of growth.

The Micro Honey Harvester is not just for beekeepers. It is for innovators, growers and entrepreneurs who see that doing better for the planet and doing better for their business are now one and the same.

This is not a trend. It is the future. Sustainability is the way forward, and it is the way to make money moving forward.

Simon Mildren, HiveKeepers: [email protected]

A Brief History of Basil From India to Italy

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Iraqi rayhan growing in terracotta ciotola in an indoor garden
Iraqi rayhan basil growing in terracotta ciotola in an indoor garden. Image by Zara Nur.

 

Beloved, fortunate, sweet, and royal; an herb with a long and storied history in Asia and across the world. Called by many names, basil has featured in previous Green Prophet articles, so enjoy another serving, a brief history of basil. Humble yet vigorous, after Greek basilikon phyton or in English “royal plant”. Or basilikon okimon, which is the root of the Latin scientific name Ocimum basilicum.

Tulsi tea in an orange tea mug sitting on a white cloth screenprinted with illustrations of hornworms crawling on tomato plants
Tulsi basil tea in an orange tea mug sitting on a white cloth screenprinted with illustrations of hornworms crawling on tomato plants.  Image by Zara Nur.

Tulsi: Revered in India, Embalmed in Egypt

Yet the historical origins of basil are literally “matchless” among plants, the Hindu goddess Tulasi’s name means just that. She’s the namesake for the plant tulsi or as many know her, “holy basil”. Ancient Indians cultivated the peerless plant intensely, seeing her as the goddess Tulasi. Then she spread her roots and legends in every direction out of India. Rooted in romance and royalty, Tulasi is the beloved of the deity Vishnu who Vaishnavites see as the Supreme Being. Just like humanity, basil herself has a deeper origin as plant medicine in the mother continent of Africa.

Various African cultures traditionally use basil for both magic and medicine by various cultures. Herodotus the Greek historian documented her as a component of the embalming process for Egyptian mummies. Despite the proximity to Northern Africa, Greeks basil isn’t from the Egyptians. Note that off the coast of Tanzania in Eastern Africa, basil is mrehani on the island of Zanzibar. Mrehani is a Swahili word, Swahili being an Arabic-flavored Bantu language.

Mrehani seedlings growing beneath tomato seedlings in terracotta ciotola in an indoor garden
Mrehani basil seedlings growing beneath tomato seedlings in terracotta ciotola in an indoor garden. Image by Zara Nur.

Pho Cups in Vietnam

Instead basil traveled east from India to Southeast Asia. This includes the common use of tulsi in Thai cuisine where it’s called krapow. Thailand also lends its brand to the strongly anise-flavored “Thai basil” called horapha. Horapha and related cultivars are used in Vietnam as well in the popular soup called pho. While tulsi is locally known as selasih in Indonesian, there is a lemon-flavored variety called kemangi. Both kemangi and selasih are common in Malaysian and Laotian cuisines as well.

A Thai basil bush in with distinctive mauve flower in front of a blue and white flag
A horapha basil bush in with distinctive mauve flower in front of a blue and white flag. Image by Zara Nur.

Tokhm-e sharbati, a Cool Summer Drink

Traveling west through what’s now Pakistan, where sweet basil is niazboo in Urdu. Basil seeds are tukhmalanga soaked in water, creating a widely regionally-popular “cooling” beverage. Basil seeds as a beverage in Iran is tokhm-e sharbati, tokhm-e means “seeds” in Persian much like tukhmalanga in Urdu. Sharbati means a sweet drink like juice or syrup; this is a traditional and popular summer drink. Persia brought basil to West Asia, including the Levant.

In the Levant tulsi took on a new name from the Aramaic word ריחא or richa, meaning “smell” as in a scent. This became the basis for calling her rayḥān (Arabic), rayhān (Persian), and many other variants in Armenian, Azerbaijani, Georgian, Hebrew, Tajik, Turkish, and mrehani in Swahili as mentioned above.

You should not confuse rayhan with “Arabic basil” or habak, which is a mint plant from the mint genus Mentha. Both mints and basils are a part of Lamiaceae, somewhat confusingly called the mint family. Yet basils are from the genus Basilicum, the Latin for basilikon. Most of what we think of as mints are part of the Mentha genus. The wider Lamiaceae family contains many well-known herbs including rosemary, sage, oregano, hyssop/zaatar, thyme, lavender, perilla/shiso, catnip, bee balm, and many more.

From Moorish Romances to Pesto

From the Levant, rihan came to the beautiful volcanic island of Sicily where it became part of local magic, legend, and decor. Basil became basil there through Greek occupation as a calque the Greeks directly translated the Persian name meaning “kingly herb”.

Later on the Sicily, a custom rooted in old legends arose from the later Moorish occupation. Though often gruesome, the Moor’s Head is retold in many forms with both tragic and noble romances. In one such story a local girl falls in love with an invading Moor who turns out to have a family back home. She jealously beheads him, places his head in a decorative planter, then basil grows from it. In another story he’s still an invader but converts to the local religion and settles down to live happily ever after. There are other stories, some more tragic and others less so. Regardless of the story this is why you will find these oddly charming ceramic planters of a North African man and an Italian woman all over sunny Sicily.

And Pistare to Pistou

Emanuele Rossi concocted  pesto alla Genovese in 1852 CE, just over 170 years ago, the first common pesto to use basil as an ingredient. In Italian pesto simply means “paste”, a sauce properly made with a mortar and pestle to bring out the full flavor, based on the ancient Roman herb and cheese spread known as moretum and a more recent Ligurian garlic and vinegar innovation called aggiada. Likewise this is where French pistou originates; whether in French, Italian, or Sicilian we can see the common Latin root pisto/pistare that means “I pound”/”to pound”.

Siracusa basil tops next to a pestle, set in a mortar that is sitting on a white cloth screenprinted with illustrations of hornworms crawling on tomato plants
Siracusa basil tops next to a pestle, set in a mortar. Image by Zara Nur.

Two More Servings to Come

Delightfully, basil keeps growing vigorously wherever we plant her seeds, even in our heads! In each land the way basil spices up recipes varies as much as basil cultivars themselves.

Fishermen sue tire manufacturers on behalf of the salmon

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Earthjustice attorney Todd True has been working to protect wild salmon for more than two decades. (Chris Jordan-Bloch / Earthjustice)
Earthjustice attorney Todd True has been working to protect wild salmon for more than two decades. (Chris Jordan-Bloch / Earthjustice)

A federal trial in San Francisco has brought US tire manufacturers, fishing groups, and environmental scientists into court over a chemical most drivers have never heard of — but which scientists say may be silently reshaping aquatic ecosystems. The case centers on 6PPD, a chemical antioxidant used in nearly all vehicle tires to prevent cracking and extend tire life. When 6PPD on tire treads reacts with ground-level ozone on the road, it transforms into 6PPD-quinone (6PPD-Q), a compound now at the center of a major environmental and legal dispute.

The lawsuit was filed by American fishing organizations, including the Institute for Fisheries Resources (IFR) and the Pacific Coast Federation of Fishermen’s Associations (PCFFA), represented by Earthjustice. Earthjustice is a nonprofit environmental law firm founded in 1971.

The plaintiffs argue that continued use of 6PPD in tires violates the US Endangered Species Act (ESA) because its byproduct, 6PPD-Q, harms protected salmon and steelhead populations. 6PPD-Q is added to tire rubber to prevent cracking and degradation of rubber caused by ozone and oxygen in the air. But fishermen are sure this material is causing toxicity and salmon die-off.

“Fishing families up and down the West Coast of the United States depend on the health of salmon populations for their livelihoods,” said Glen Spain, General Legal Counsel for IFR and PCFFA. “Whether or not this should continue will be up to the Court.”

The defendants are US tire manufacturers, represented collectively by industry counsel. Common US tire makers include Bridgestone, Goodyear, and Michelin and Pirelli.

What the Scientists Testified about 6PPD-Q

Edward Kolodziej, credit: University of Washington
Edward Kolodziej, credit: University of Washington

The court heard from multiple academic researchers whose work focuses on toxicology, hydrology, and fisheries biology.

Edward Kolodziej, an environmental chemist and award-winning researcher at the University of Washington, first identified 6PPD-Q in 2021, and testified that the compound is the primary cause of decades-long episodes of mass coho salmon mortality linked to stormwater runoff. His testimony described how cities like Seattle invested millions in creek restoration only to see the salmon continue dying — prompting research that ultimately traced the deaths back to tire-derived chemicals.

Kolodziej emphasized that his findings have since been replicated across regions and methodologies, which he said strengthens the scientific consensus around 6PPD-Q’s toxicity. He also said the tire industry knew about his research.

According to Mavensnotebook, Kolodziej said his team was contacted in 2018 after witnesses documented female coho salmon dying in urban streams before reproducing. His team identified a mortality signature for the chemicals that were present in the water when the fish perished, identifying the majority of the chemicals as derivatives from tire rubber. A 2021 study published by his team concluded that 6PPD-quinone was the primary toxic chemical in Urban Runoff Mortality Syndrome.

“It opened up our eyes that there are a lot of abundant tire rubber chemicals we knew little about,” he said. “Learning more and more about tires could explain this case of mortality.”

John Stark, a Professor of Ecotoxicology at Washington State University, testified that 6PPD-Q is toxic to coho, Chinook, and steelhead at concentrations likely to occur in real-world habitats. He told the court that, in his research career, he has not encountered a chemical as toxic as 6PPD-Q. According to Stark, fish exposed to the compound did not recover even when returned to clean water. We wonder what happens when people eat fish that have ingested 6PPD-Q.

Stark’s peer-reviewed paper, admitted into evidence, shows significant mortality occurring below current EPA safety benchmarks.

Dr. Robert Lusardi, a conservation biologist at UC Davis, testified that salmon and steelhead are present in the freshwater habitats of the 24 ESA-protected species named in the case throughout the year. When asked directly by the judge whether 6PPD-Q was a “silent killer,” Lusardi responded that it was.

During September, sockeye and coho salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka and kisuch) intermingle during their spawning migration in an Alaskan stream. (Thomas Kline / Design Pics)
During September, sockeye and coho salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka and kisuch) intermingle during their spawning migration in an Alaskan stream. (Thomas Kline / Design Pics)

How the chemical reaches salmon

As tires roll on roads, they wear down from friction. This creates tiny particles called tire wear particles (a mix of rubber, fillers, and additives) which includes 6PPD-Q.

On the issue of exposure pathways, Derek B. Booth, a geologist and hydrologist specializing in stormwater, testified that roads generate runoff that transports contaminants — including 6PPD-Q — into streams and rivers. Booth told the court that existing stormwater treatment systems are not sufficient to prevent the chemical from reaching aquatic habitats.

He stated that after reviewing extensive peer-reviewed data and walking thousands of waterways, there is “no reasonable way” that 6PPD-Q is not entering fish habitats. Supporting this, Maureen Goff, M.Sc., a GIS mapping expert, presented maps showing extensive overlap between roadways and critical habitats for ESA-protected species.

Tire makers offer a defense with paid scientists

The tire industry’s witnesses focused on uncertainty, feasibility, and safety tradeoffs.

Corissa Lee, called as a tire expert, testified that she could not estimate how long a tire made without 6PPD would last or whether it would meet federal motor vehicle safety standards. She acknowledged that alternative chemicals under review by the US Tire Manufacturers Association present unresolved technical or toxicity concerns.

She also testified that she was aware that Flexsys, the largest US manufacturer of 6PPD, announced in November that it had developed a viable alternative — but said she did not consider that alternative when concluding that 6PPD is uniquely effective.

Other defense witnesses, including William Goodfellow and Tiffany Thomas, testified despite having no direct laboratory or field research on 6PPD-Q itself. Court testimony noted that Thomas was paid $450,000 for her work in the case and had not conducted independent studies on the chemical. She is a principal scientist at science consulting firm Exponent, and she was reported to have testified at the trial that 6PPD-quinone is quick to degrade and has the opportunity to react with different chemicals and undergo many physical actions between the road surface and surface water.

“Without understanding all these factors, the ability to predict is speculation,” she said, adding that Kolodziej acknowledged the factors, but did not weigh them in his opinions.

All three defense witnesses were paid and are affiliated with Exponent, a consulting firm long used by industry in environmental and health litigation. Exponent has previously faced public criticism over the objectivity of its research, including in a 2010 Los Angeles Times investigation when Toyota called in the “paid scientists”

Toyota’s 2010 investigation was on unintended acceleration, and they covered cases involving secondhand smoke, asbestos exposure, and toxic waste contamination. The LA Times investigation reported that many companies facing environmental or public-health litigation turned to Exponent for expert analysis and courtroom defense. While Exponent employs credentialed scientists and engineers, the firm’s work has drawn criticism from some academics and public-interest advocates who question the independence of industry-funded research.

One of the trial’s most notable moments came when the judge asked whether there was any dispute that tire manufacturers knew tires shed 6PPD-Q and that it could run off into waterways. Defense counsel confirmed there was no dispute on that point.

The trial has concluded, and the judge is expected to issue a decision in the coming months. At issue is not only the future of a common tire additive, but how courts weigh emerging chemical science against industrial safety standards and endangered species protections. If there are no proven and safe alternatives, what can tire manufacturers do? Can we treat or spray our tires with a material that will stop the shed of micro-particles? Should tire manufacturers heed the call and offer millions in CEO compensation and executive bonuses to mitigate risks to wildlife, rivers and human health? Note that 4 of the biggest tire companies are from Japan?

According to Simply Wall Street Mark W. Stewart from Goodyear is making about $25 million USD a year on tires in 2024. He is credited for turning the company around from a loss.

Company (by market cap) CEO Market Cap (USD, approx.) Estimated Total CEO Pay (USD) Estimated Bonus / Incentives (USD)
Bridgestone Shuichi Ishibashi $28+ billion $1.5M–$3M $300K–$1M
Michelin Florent Menegaux $26+ billion $2M–$4M $500K–$1.5M
Continental Nikolai Setzer $15+ billion $2.5M–$5M $800K–$2M
Pirelli Andrea Casaluci $7–8 billion $1.5M–$3M $400K–$1M
Yokohama Rubber Masataka Yamaishi $6+ billion $1.5M–$3M $300K–$900K
Hankook Tire Cho Hyun-beom $5+ billion $2M–$4M $700K–$1.5M
Sumitomo / Dunlop Satoru Yamamoto $4+ billion $1M–$2M $200K–$600K
Toyo Tires Takashi Shimizu $4+ billion $1M–$2.5M $300K–$800K
Goodyear Mark W. Stewart $2.5–3 billion $25–26M (actual) $18M+ (signing + incentives)
Cooper Tire (now Goodyear)

“As expert testimony and the evidence have made clear this week: 6PPD-Q is devastating to vulnerable salmon populations, yet 6PPD continues to be used by U.S. tire manufacturers,” said Perry Wheeler, spokesperson for Earthjustice, in a statement following the trial’s conclusion.

Listening to Water: Tarek Atoui’s Next Work for Tate Modern

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Tarek Atoui - Tate Modern
Tarek Atoui – Tate Modern

Water doesn’t behave the same way twice. It absorbs sound, distorts it, carries it, and sometimes erases it altogether. That instability is where artist Tarek Atoui works. We’ve seen it in Bjork’s live concerts and now Atoui is bringing his installation to the Tate.

Tarek Atoui - Tate Modern
Tarek Atoui – Tate Modern

This October, Atoui will create the next annual Hyundai Commission for Tate Modern’s Turbine Hall, one of the most demanding spaces in contemporary art. Rather than filling it with volume or spectacle, Atoui is likely to do something quieter — letting sound move through materials. (Our feature and review on In The Dark bears some likeness to this upcoming event.)

Tarek Atoui - Tate Modern
Tarek Atoui Eröffnung

Born in Beirut, Lebanon in 1980 and now living in Paris, Atoui has spent years building instruments that don’t sit comfortably in concert halls. Many of them involve water, glass, and ceramics — materials that react to sound instead of simply producing it. Water ripples, bowls hum, glass vibrates at the edge of breaking. Sound becomes something you encounter physically, not something delivered from a stage.

Tarek Atoui - Tate Modern
Performance-Reihe mit Tarek Atoui. With Tarek Atoui, Nicolas Becker Cristal Baschet, Synthesizer, Laure Boer Dan Bau, vietnamesische Stabzither, Gobi Drab Blockflöte, Susanna Gartmayer Bassklarinette, Mazen Kerbaj Trompete, Crackle Synthesizer, DJ Sniff Turntable, Electronics

Much of Atoui’s work takes place in low light or near darkness. When the room dims, listening changes. You stop scanning for meaning and start paying attention to sensation: vibration in the floor, resonance in a vessel, a faint shift in air pressure. Sound moves slowly, negotiated through touch, breath, and mechanical movement.

Water, glass, and ceramics aren’t supporting actors here. They carry the whole piece.

Tarek Atoui - Tate Modern
Tarek Atoui – Tate Modern

Atoui’s instruments are often activated by visitors rather than performers. A hand turns a surface. Breath enters a pipe. A motor stirs liquid in a shallow bowl. Sound emerges unevenly, depending on how gently or insistently the materials are engaged. Nothing is fixed.

This approach is evident in works like Waters’ Witness, shown at Kunsthaus Bregenz in Austria and later at Pirelli Hangar Bicocca in Milan, where sound passed through water-filled vessels and ceramic forms. The experience was less about listening to a composition and more about becoming aware of how sound behaves in matter — how it pools, disperses, and leaves residue. Of course the easiest way to access this kind of natural “art” is just to sit by a lonely brook and listen to Mother Nature herself, without the pomposity.

The Turbine Hall itself is an acoustic body: vast, industrial, difficult to control. Rather than overpowering it, Atoui’s practice suggests a tuning of the space — allowing sound to circulate, settle, and respond to the architecture’s own history as a former power station.

At a time when sound is usually amplified, compressed, and consumed instantly, Atoui’s work insists on slowness. It asks visitors to stay with uncertainty, to notice small changes, to listen with their hands and feet as much as their ears.

Tarek Atoui - Tate Modern
Tarek Atoui – Tate Modern

There are no instructions. No single vantage point. Just materials doing what they do best when left room to act.

From Green Energy to Healthy Societies: Why old systems thinking is becoming relevant again

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Heinz J. Sturm is a system architect and analyst exploring integrated climate, energy, water, and health systems as initiator of the Bonn Climate Project and developer of Ars Medica Nova.
Heinz J. Sturm is a system architect and analyst exploring integrated climate, energy, water, and health systems as initiator of the Bonn Climate Project and developer of Ars Medica Nova. Image: supplied.

Across the Middle East and North Africa, large investments are being made in green hydrogen, renewable energy, water infrastructure and sustainability. Most of these efforts are discussed in the context of climate change, decarbonization and economic diversification. That framing is important, but it may not capture their full value.

If these systems are designed well, they can do more than produce clean energy or reduce emissions. They can help create healthier societies and greater long-term stability.

Today, health is usually treated as a medical issue. We think of hospitals, drugs and treatments. From a systems and economic perspective, this approach is becoming increasingly expensive and limited. Health does not begin in hospitals. It begins much earlier, in the conditions people live in every day.

Clean water, healthy soil, reliable energy, nutritious food and safe environments shape human health long before anyone sees a doctor. When these foundations are weak, chronic illness increases, healthcare costs rise and societies become more fragile. Medical systems then try to manage the consequences, often treating symptoms rather than underlying causes.

This challenge exists everywhere, but it is especially visible in regions facing water scarcity, climate stress, rapid urban growth and demographic change, including the Levant, the Gulf states and the wider MENA region.

From a health-economics perspective, many modern healthcare systems function as repair systems. They step in late, once disease has already developed, and continue treatment over long periods of time. 

As a result, healthcare spending grows faster than the economy, chronic disease consumes a growing share of public budgets, and long-term affordability becomes a serious concern.

For many countries, copying high-cost Western healthcare models is neither realistic nor necessary. The more important question is how societies can reduce the need for medical intervention in the first place.

This is where green energy, water and food systems become relevant in a different way. When renewable energy and green hydrogen are developed together with clean water supply, sustainable agriculture and resilient food systems, they form the real infrastructure of prevention. Clean energy supports water security. Clean water supports fertile soil and healthy food. Good food supports stable human health.

The Bonn Climate Program: supplied.
The Bonn Climate Program: supplied.


Seen this way, health is not something that constantly needs to be repaired. It emerges naturally when systems are designed properly.

This way of thinking is not new in the Middle East. The Levant and surrounding regions were once centers of advanced medical and scientific knowledge. Thinkers such as Hippocrates, and later scholars including Ibn Sina, ar-Razi and al-Kindi, understood health as a balance between the human body, the environment and daily life. Their focus was on water quality, nutrition, lifestyle and the relationship between people and their surroundings.

In modern terms, this was forward-looking knowledge. Not mystical, but practical. It recognized that the way systems are designed determines long-term outcomes.

What is new today is our ability to explain this older systems wisdom using modern science, including biochemistry, electrochemistry and economics, and to apply it to today’s policy and investment decisions.

If green hydrogen and renewable energy projects are seen only as climate measures, their potential remains limited. When they are connected to water, food and health systems, they become foundations of societal resilience. This has clear economic benefits: lower healthcare costs over time, fewer chronic diseases, better returns on sustainability investments and greater social stability.

The next phase of the energy transition is therefore not only about reducing emissions. It is about creating the conditions in which healthy societies can emerge.

Medical care will always be important, but it cannot carry the system alone. Health grows upstream, in water, energy, food and living conditions. When these systems work, health follows naturally, at lower cost and with greater stability.

This idea is old. But in a time of rising costs and increasing pressure on societies, it may be more relevant than ever.

::Bonn Climate Project

___

Heinz J. Sturm is a system architect and analyst working at the intersection of energy, water, health, and societal resilience. He is the initiator of the Bonn Climate Project, where he develops integrated system frameworks linking climate action with public health and long-term stability. Sturm is also the developer of Ars Medica Nova, a conceptual platform exploring new models of preventive health that draw on systems thinking, biology, and infrastructure design. His work focuses on translating complex system architectures into practical narratives for policymakers, researchers, and civil society.

We saw peace – an interreligious encounter deep in our eyes

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United Religion Initiative
People from all faiths meet in Istanbul for peace. Credit: Eric Roux

Istanbul, mid-December 2025. The global interfaith organization* of which I am currently the president organized, for the first time since October 7, 2023, a meeting of its Middle East – North Africa branch, with 50 participants chosen from among the leaders of the many “cooperation circles” that the organization has in these regions, for 4 full days.

They came from Israel, Palestine, Jordan, Iraq, Yemen, Morocco, Tunisia, Lebanon, Egypt… There are Sunni Muslims, Shiite Muslims, Jews (Orthodox and Reform), Orthodox Christians, Coptic Christians, Protestant Christians, Druze, Baha’is, a Scientologist.

Eric Roux is the President of the European Interreligious Forum for Religious Freedom (EIFRF)
Eric Roux is the President of the European Interreligious Forum for Religious Freedom (EIFRF)

I was, how can I put it, a little anxious about having Israeli Jews and Palestinians, and other worthy representatives of the Arab world, in the same room. I was wrong.

You don’t learn about the world through the media, whether social or otherwise. You learn by traveling, and for the past two years, Israel and Palestine haven’t been among my destinations. You also learn by listening to people who live what you want to learn about. And I learned so much in four days.

Everything that happened in Istanbul is shrouded in secrecy for the safety of the participants, especially regarding their identities. That is why I will primarily use fictitious first names.

From anti-Jewish fighter to peacekeeper

One of us, Amin, came to tell me his story. He’s in his fifties, slim, with an elegant bearing, a weathered face, and dark eyes that sparkle with life. Amin has lived in a refugee camp in Palestine, seemingly his whole life. He told me that when he was younger, he was a “fighter” against Israel. He was convinced that a good Jew was a dead Jew, and that he would earn his place in paradise by killing the enemy. Until the day he met our interfaith organization, fifteen years ago. In short, this encounter made him realize that he could talk to a Jew. And that if he could talk to him, it meant that the Jew was also a human being. With this realization, he understood that he had been lied to all his life, and he decided to dedicate his life to helping people see their humanity as something that transcends all prejudice. “  We are first and foremost human beings, before we are Jews, Muslims, Christians, or anything else,  ” he told me. “  Without that, we are nothing, and war begins .”

Not only has Amin come a long way, but in his refugee camp, he faces daily the influence of Hamas and others who don’t share his view of the enemy’s humanity. He also has to deal with the abuses sometimes (or often, depending on who I listen to) committed by Israeli soldiers, which only complicate matters. But he remains steadfast. He explains that he teaches young people how to pass checkpoints by observing Israeli soldiers and imagining them at home, with their families, at the beach—anywhere they would find a human image, regardless of the soldiers’ behavior. The result, he tells me, is often (though not always) miraculous. It’s the soldiers who then change their attitude and become, in effect, more humane.

His analysis is this: each of the two groups (Israelis and Palestinians) sees the other as something devoid of humanity. If one of them infuses humanity into their gaze, then the other receives it and becomes what they have always been: human. It’s not much, but it’s all they have to fight for, and ultimately, it’s all that can make a difference in this part of the world. For him, that’s a divine mission.

The enemy children

Steven is a devout Israeli Jew who runs an organization in Tel Aviv that teaches dialogue for peace to young people. When the October 13th massacre occurred, he felt compelled to do something to prevent succumbing to hatred. He knew that nothing would ever be the same again, and even before, things weren’t great… So he launched a project for the young people who followed him—Palestinian Muslims and Christians, and Israeli Jews, Muslims, and Druze—to preserve and strengthen what he calls “the connection beyond divisions.” Through writing, young Israelis and Palestinians collaborate to express their suffering, their difficulties, their hopes, their resilience, and their courage—the courage to imagine a future of peace where the present seems to contradict them. Two books have already emerged from this project.

Yet his project was not universally accepted. Many of his students’ parents called him to criticize the fact that their children might sympathize “with the enemy.” He, too, remained steadfast. Often, it was the children themselves who convinced their parents of the merits of the approach, and of the “lack of merit” in the enemy’s rhetoric.

Do they hate it a little, a lot, passionately, or not at all?

One day, I asked Mohamed, a Palestinian from Bethlehem, if it was true that people in the West Bank hated Israelis. A somewhat silly, naive question, but if I didn’t ask him, who would I ask? Mohamed was Muslim, but he told me he didn’t really practice. He didn’t really care about practice. For him, God doesn’t express himself through practice. To each their own path. He replied, ”  That’s true, but not only that. You have to understand that for many Palestinians, all they know about Jews are the soldiers, those they encounter at checkpoints, those who regularly mistreat them, those who have sometimes killed children in their neighborhoods. Before, there were more Palestinians who went to work in Israel and had more opportunities to interact. Since October 2023, that number has drastically decreased, and the divide has widened even further.” So yes, many people hate Israelis. Perhaps you would hate them too if you were in their situation. And then there’s the propaganda. Propaganda has a field day. It dehumanizes Jews, and every time a Jew commits a wrong here, it wins. There’s only one solution: dialogue and the recognition of our shared humanity. This shared humanity comes up like a recurring theme, day after day, conversation after conversation.

Equal height and equal rights?

Then there’s Karin, an Israeli journalist, who manages to speak to me privately. She tells me I absolutely must talk to Sara, a young Baha’i woman from Jordan, because she’s convinced that a solution in the Middle East might come from the Scientologists and the Baha’is, because the Jews (including herself), Muslims, and Christians are too entangled in these age-old conflicts; they’re trapped in existential struggles that prevent them from seeing things from a broader perspective. They want to save their own skin, and to do that, they have to destroy “the other.”

Sara, a Bah'ai in Istanbul with Eric Roux. Credit: URI
Sara, a Baha’i in Istanbul with Eric Roux. Credit: Eric Roux

So I talk to Sara, who is absolutely fantastic. Every day she takes five hours on trains (yes, trains, not just one) to help children in a refugee camp on the border with Palestine. Once, I ask her if Baha’is face discrimination in Jordan. She immediately says no, but when I ask her a little more, I learn that they don’t have the same rights as others (which, of course, is the very definition of discrimination). The difference in rights, from what she tells me, mainly concerns family rights, but the more I talk to her, the more she shows me that they are, in fact, discriminated against. We get used to everything, to the point where we don’t even see the problem anymore. She says she loves her country, and that for that reason, she’s willing to accept the hardships. I tell myself that I love my country too, but that doesn’t change my rejection of discrimination. I think we’re being taken for a ride when they manage to make us believe we have to accept the unacceptable in the name of some kind of patriotism. But anyway, it doesn’t matter, Sara is brilliant and full of genuine kindness.

There’s also Kamal, a Lebanese Druze. When Kamal learns that I’m friends with Sheikh Bader Kasem, a prominent figure in Druze Islam (who lives in Israel), he wants to learn more about Scientology . When he learns that I, too, believe we are immortal spiritual beings who pass from body to body, life after life, he’s happy because he’s no longer alone.

All these religions are a breath of fresh air.

There’s also Mina, a Christian from Egypt, a renowned professor of medicine, who didn’t even know my religion existed. It’s the first time he’s heard its name. He knows me, but it had never occurred to him. So, he starts talking about it while we’re all gathered together. And everyone begins discussing how there’s nothing better than learning that there aren’t just five major religions in the world (Christianity, Islam, Druze, Judaism, and Baha’i). They want me to tell them about all these religions they know so little about. It’s a breath of fresh air for them. The world is vast, diverse, and rich. It reinforces their belief that the most important thing is that we are all human. Hallelujah.

Adar, for his part, is Kurdish, from Iraq. He talks about Mandaeism , an ancient religion that now only has a few thousand followers, mainly in Iraq. I ask him if he practices it; he says no, he’s Christian. But he says that in Kurdistan, everyone does what they want. I doubt it, but I don’t really know. So he invites me, along with his two companions, one of whom is part of the Kurdish government. I said I’d go. And I will.

The other’s language

And then there’s Shlomo. Shlomo is Jewish, but he taught Arabic in Israel his whole life. For him, language is the gateway to peace. If you speak the language, you understand. If you understand, you don’t wage war. He published a Hebrew/Arabic dictionary, which has been reprinted several times. He explained to me that his parents, in his younger years, were very disappointed with his life path. Teaching Arabic, you have to be a little crazy. But anyway, he became the National Inspector of the Arabic Language, a lecturer at the Faculty of Education of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, and Israel’s representative to the European Committee for Reading and Literacy. So they were forced to admit that he had made something of his life, and they changed their minds. Shlomo seems not to care; he’s old and he’s seen it all. And yet he is still present at all the gatherings, even at over 80 years old.

Mariam, from Hebron in Palestine, is a Christian. She speaks a grating Arabic, not because it isn’t beautiful, but because she speaks so loudly and always seems to be yelling at you, even when she smiles and you understand that she likes you. She complains. She complains about Israel, which “makes her life miserable.” She complains about Hamas, which “makes her life miserable,” she complains about the Palestinian Authority and its “corrupt President,” which “makes her life miserable.” But she pats everyone on the shoulder, Jews included, with an energy that knows no bounds.

She also tells me about the Israeli settlers. She says that in many places the settlers and the Palestinians get along very well. They live together and work together. Why am I surprised?

Peace?

Understand this clearly: these are not pro-Israel Arabs. They are not pro-Palestine Jews. They are not eccentric dreamers from some beatnik fantasy. These are people who have lived through the harsh realities of war, and who continue to grapple with them, but who have not lost their intelligence or their humanity.

Finally, on the last evening, we celebrated Hanukkah, lit the candles, and listened to the prayers in Hebrew. No photos, please; it’s not like we’re having a village festival. And taking photos is dangerous. But we celebrated anyway. Together.

And then everyone went their separate ways. On the group messaging app, which some had to leave and delete from their phones before returning to their countries, the conversations continued for several days. Everyone went back home, to the fight, the fight for a better world, for a better region, for a better neighborhood, for better people. We promised we would see each other again. And we did.

And we know. We know that peace is possible and that those who say otherwise are, deep down, the ones who don’t want it. We know that war is not inherent to humankind, because, precisely, humanity is the solution to war. From the moment we see it, recognize it, and grant it its humanity. Does that sound naive? No, it’s a flower nourished by the blood of victims, which, despite everything, has grown, and which defies the status quo.

* This is the world’s largest grassroots interreligious organization, with over 1,200 affiliated groups in more than 110 countries. Founded by the former Episcopal Bishop of California, Reverend Bill Swing, it celebrated its 25th anniversary last year. Beyond its creation and scale, these 25 years have primarily demonstrated the strength of its model: decentralized interreligious cooperation, driven by local actors themselves. URI has enabled very diverse communities to meet, overcome religious and cultural divides, and work together for peace, reconciliation, education, equality, social justice, and the care of the Earth. By prioritizing inclusion, shared governance, and concrete action over rhetoric, it has helped to embed interreligious dialogue in daily life and make it a genuine driver of lasting social transformation.

This article was first printed in French, on Rebelles. It is reprinted with permission.

Can biochar reduce ‘Forever Chemicals’ in food if it’s used in farms?

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New York Carbon has a facility located between the Catskill Mountains and the Hudson River. They produce high carbon biochar from local waste biomass in their Tigercat Carbonator 6050. Image via NY Carbon.
New York Carbon has a facility located between the Catskill Mountains and the Hudson River. They produce high carbon biochar from local waste biomass in their Tigercat Carbonator 6050. Image via NY Carbon.

PFAS — often called “forever chemicals” — are among the most stubborn pollutants on Earth. Used for decades in firefighting foams, industrial coatings, and consumer products, their carbon–fluorine bonds make them extraordinarily persistent in soil, water, and living organisms. Worse, PFAS don’t just stay put. Even at low concentrations, they can be taken up by crops and move through the food chain, with short-chain PFAS proving especially mobile.

A growing body of research suggests that biohacking soil chemistry, rather than removing contaminated soil entirely, may offer a practical way forward. One promising tool: biochar.

A study published in Environmental and Biogeochemical Processes (27 November 2025) by Jason C. White and colleagues at The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station shows that iron-fortified biochar can significantly reduce PFAS uptake in food crops. In controlled soil–plant experiments, iron-modified biochar lowered total PFAS accumulation in radish plants by nearly 50%, and reduced PFAS concentrations in the edible bulb by more than 25%.

The researchers worked with PFAS-contaminated sandy loam soil impacted by legacy firefighting foams. They tested hemp-derived biochar produced at different temperatures, with and without iron fortification. While standard biochar showed mixed results, low-temperature (500 °C) biochar fortified with ~8% iron proved highly effective, immobilizing PFAS and preventing them from moving into plant tissue.

Biochar is not the same as coal. Image copyright Green Prophet
Biochar is not the same as coal. Image copyright Green Prophet

Why iron? Lab analysis revealed that iron fortification dramatically increased biochar’s surface area and pore volume, creating reactive sites that bind PFAS molecules through electrostatic and ligand-exchange interactions. Importantly, the biochar caused no phytotoxic effects and often improved plant growth — a critical factor for agricultural use.

The implications are significant. Instead of costly soil removal or long-term land abandonment, farmers could use iron-enhanced biochar as a soil amendment to lock PFAS in place, reducing human exposure through food. Because biochar can be made from agricultural waste like hemp and applied using existing farming practices, the approach fits neatly within circular-economy and climate-smart agriculture frameworks.

Biohacking soil won’t erase PFAS from the planet. But this research suggests it may help break the chain between polluted land and polluted food — a meaningful step toward safer agriculture in a contaminated world.

How Biochar Is Made

Biochar is produced by heating organic material in a low-oxygen environment so it does not burn. This process, known as pyrolysis, transforms plant matter into a stable, carbon-rich material.

The feedstock can include agricultural residues such as wood chips, crop waste, nutshells, hemp stalks, or manure. These materials are first dried, then heated to temperatures typically ranging from 350 to 700 degrees Celsius in a sealed kiln or reactor where oxygen is limited. Because oxygen is absent, the biomass does not combust; instead, volatile gases are driven off, and the remaining carbon reorganizes into a porous, charcoal-like structure.

Once the heating phase is complete, the material is cooled in low oxygen to prevent ignition. The resulting biochar contains a network of microscopic pores that give it a large surface area and unique chemical properties. These pores allow biochar to retain water, nutrients, and contaminants when added to soil.

Biochar can also be engineered after production. It may be steam-activated to increase surface area, fortified with minerals such as iron to bind pollutants, or “charged” with compost or nutrients before soil application. When applied correctly, biochar can persist in soil for hundreds to thousands of years.

How Biochar Is Different From Coal

Although biochar and coal may look similar, they are fundamentally different materials with very different roles in the carbon cycle.

Coal is a fossil fuel formed from ancient plant matter that was buried and transformed under heat and pressure over millions of years. It is mined from the ground and burned for energy, releasing carbon that has been locked away since prehistoric times. Coal often contains sulfur, heavy metals, and other impurities, and its primary purpose is combustion.

Biochar, by contrast, is made from recent plant material and produced intentionally in modern systems over hours or days. It is not designed to be burned. Instead, biochar is meant to remain stable in soil, where it can improve soil structure, retain nutrients, immobilize pollutants, and store carbon.

From a climate perspective, the distinction matters. Burning coal releases ancient carbon into the atmosphere, increasing net emissions. Biochar locks up carbon from the current biological cycle, helping reduce atmospheric carbon when used as a soil amendment.

KEMET addresses the limited access to capital that restricts the development and scaling of biochar carbon capture projects. Image via KEMET
KEMET addresses the limited access to capital that restricts the development and scaling of biochar carbon capture projects. Image via KEMET

In short, coal is an energy source. Biochar is a soil tool. And it’s an investable commodity.  A new fund manager in Texas has her eye on the growing demand for carbon credit projects that remove carbon from the atmosphere. Biochar, created through a process called pyrolysis that involves heating biomass and biowaste, is an emerging solution for trapping carbon. The biochar not only sequesters carbon, it can restore soil health and enable soil to store greater amounts of carbon. Founder Heather Stiles and her firm Kemet make debt and equity investments in companies supporting biochar production and use, waste-to-energy projects, and carbon trading. “The nascent biochar market lacks dominant players,” the company says. And now they have a new market: in agriculture.

Biochar companies in the US and Canada

NY Carbon – Large-scale biochar producer serving New York and New England markets

Finger Lakes Biochar – Regional biochar production for agriculture and remediation

Vermont Biochar – Farm- and soil-focused biochar production

The Biochar Company – Biochar for agriculture, remediation, and carbon storage

Integro Earth Fuels – Biomass pyrolysis and biochar production

Re:char – Mobile and modular biochar systems, soil and waste applications

Seattle Biochar – Biochar production from regional biomass waste

Whitfield Biochar – Biochar and carbon materials for soil and remediation

Carbonity (Airex Energy subsidiary) – Industrial-scale biochar and biocarbon production (Canada)

Canadian Biochar Investments (CBCI) – Modular biochar systems and carbon removal projects across Canada

 

In The Dark Review – An Immersive Music Experience in Total Darkness at St Andrew Holborn

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attachments: ‘In The Dark’ Press Pack, inc. official images & logo’scopy of ITD - show - Love - 2025 - 69 & 15 : these 2 jpeg’s are of St Andrew Church (credit Alice Camera)
‘In The Dark’ Press Pack (credit Alice the Camera)

 

I was delighted to get invited to a special performance of ‘In The Dark’ this week in London, after seeing the project get birthed and thrive in my home city of Cambridge quite a few years ago.

Dynamic cultural producer Andrea Cockerton has worked within music for many years, and knew that the idea of giving audiences an immersive live musical experience – in darkness – could bring tremendous benefits, and over several iterations, this project is thriving, and has now been brought to London audiences – with the hope it will grow into the projects permanent home.

The Space:

‘In The Dark’ Press Pack,(credit Alice the Camera)
‘In The Dark’ Press Pack (credit Alice the Camera)

The current venue is St Andrew Church in Holborn, on Chancery Lane, right in the heart of London’s economic district – and as I stepped out of the tube station into the street, the grey gloom of the capital City greeted me, with all the busyness and throng of a Thursday evening at rush hour. I often feel a special thrill at going to an arts event in such a mercantile environment: arts, culture and the imagination so often feel threatened by the push for finance and economic stabilty within this current political climate, in funding the sciences for instance, and this was no exception, particularly as it was in a church in the heart of it all. While inside this very special church, restored and renovated in 1668 by the eminent architect Sir Christopher Wren, outside us office blocks are reaching up high, whereas for many years previously only sky would peer in.

‘In The Dark’ Press Pack,(credit Alice the Camera)
‘In The Dark’ Press Pack (credit Alice the Camera)

St Andrew’s has vaulting pillars, beautiful golden screens, some sculptures and statues, and uplighting that matches the pillars, alongside oak panelling, all in a straightforward display – a fresh simple and yet deeply spiritual space for prayer, contemplation, and tonight, immersive live sound! The space had been lit with reds, blues, and greens, enhancing the atmosphere greatly.

I took my dear friend, Mick Collins, Norwich-based therapist and writer, who talked in rhapsodic terms about the venue and the whole experience afterwards.

Music:

‘In The Dark’ Press Pack,(credit Alice the Camera)
‘In The Dark’ Press Pack (credit Alice the Camera)
The band after rehearsals for ‘In The Dark’ Press Pack (credit Alice the Camera)
‘In The Dark’ Press Pack,(credit Alice the Camera)
Listening like a prayer – ‘In The Dark’ Press Pack,(credit Alice the Camera)

Transported by the choral and instrumental offerings that popped up across the space, in corners, in front of us, and alongside us. The performance was genuinely breathtaking and profound, and it needed some quiet time to fully digest the experience. Those first moments after the concert had ended were gloriously ineffable. At no stage in the hour was I tempted to lift the eye mask and peek at the scene, though I did wonder if I might have loved this even more were I lying on the floor! I particularly loved hearing male voices starting, and solo female voices, as well as elements of rhythm and percussion leading some of the pieces.

‘In The Dark’ Dr. Barts, Credit: Ian Olsen
Singers envelope the audience in rapture at ‘In The Dark’ Dr. Barts, Credit: Ian Olsen

We could hear the voices and instruments travel around the space, and I felt a sharper sense of hearing sounds thrown between instruments, bouncing off each other and responding to the piece. Maybe a sound came from my row of seats, then a singer was in front, and then a chorus of voice rose from the far left. And so forth, punctuated by silences between each of the pieces.

For some of the music, I really felt there was a watery theme (having spent much of last years promoting films and activism engaging with water and rivers), which delighted me, and scanning through the programme we were cleverly handed afterwards, the titles of some of the tracks bear this out. I won’t spoil the surprise and talk about the specifics and the songs that are part of the event as I really want to maintain the joy and surprise of the not knowing, and absolutely want to encourage everyone to go and experience this event if they are able. There was a glory in sitting and having the sounds wash over me, with no knowledge, anticipation, or even expectation of anything specific. Seeing the musicians as we peeled off the provided (very thick and comfortable and available to take home! ) eye masks who clearly were as happy as the audience were, and receptive to our cheers and applause, brought us all into rapt synergy.

‘In The Dark’ Press Pack,(credit Alice the Camera)
Laying down some contrabass ‘In The Dark’ Press Pack,(credit Alice the Camera)

All my neurons were buzzing and melting, and after a few thank you’s, hugs, enjoyment of the space and the folk we had shared this with, we melted out of the church, lifted divinely by having been ‘In The Dark’.
The projects publicity says “no phones and no distractions” and absolutely, what a joy that is.

Reflection:

Walking back to the tube, and then the train home, we were both pretty speechless, unable to find words for what we have both witnessed through our audible senses. We thought a bit, sat in quiet reverie, danced with some words, and then decided to reflect overnight and see the next day how we felt. After a deep slumber, all my neutrons moulded back into the shape of me, and we checked in with each other –

Mick: “ at one stage I felt I was inside a prayer – the experience was effervescent on the inside, like champagne bubbles: certain pieces brought this up. A very sacred experience. Afterwards I was left with a sense of oneness, in a true sense of the word. Very light in the body, and my mind had been cleansed – the vibration of the sound and the instrumentation. A beautiful beautiful experience. “

‘In The Dark’ is an exceptional immersive cultural experience like no other. Hearing these musicians perform together, to us and with us, in this unique and held spiritual environment of St Andrew Holborn, is both restful and stirring, joyful and deeply prayerful, beyond words.

::In The Dark

Play spogomi the garbage picking sport and win a World Cup

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The Spanish team separates the garbage they picked up during the SPOGOMI World Cup.(©SANKEI by Kazuya Kamogawa)
The Spanish team separates the garbage they picked up during the SPOGOMI World Cup.(©SANKEI by Kazuya Kamogawa)

“People who had never picked up trash before, and people who weren’t particularly interested in environmental issues, were starting to join. I think that’s because we presented litter picking as a sport.”

That insight comes from Kenichi Mamitsuka, the Japanese innovator who turned garbage collection into a competitive team sport known as spogomi — a portmanteau of sport and gomi, the Japanese word for trash. If you’ve ever visited Tokyo, you will get a taste for just how fussy the Japanese are about picking up trash. They use claw graspers for tiny bits of things, and scrub brushes on sidewalks.

What began as a local experiment has grown into something unexpectedly global. Spogomi now includes organized leagues, referees, time limits, scoring systems, and even a World Cup, drawing participants who might otherwise never attend a beach cleanup or environmental rally. The story, recently highlighted by National Geographic, points to a powerful truth: behavior change doesn’t always start with ideology. Sometimes, it starts with play.

Want to know the rules?

Environmental movements have long struggled with a perception problem. Too often, they feel moralistic, joyless, or reserved for the already converted. Spogomi flips that script. It reframes responsibility as action, and action as something social, physical, and — crucially — fun. Teams compete not just on volume of trash collected, but on sorting accuracy and teamwork. Winning isn’t symbolic – you can measure it.

There’s something quietly radical about this approach. By removing guilt and replacing it with momentum, spogomi attracts people motivated by camaraderie, competition, and pride rather than climate anxiety. It also sidesteps politics. You don’t need to agree on why waste is a problem to agree that it shouldn’t be on the street.

In a world saturated with environmental messaging, spogomi offers a reminder that solutions don’t always need to be heavier. Sometimes they need to be lighter — structured like a game, grounded in community, and designed to meet people where they already are.

 

Plant trees in cities, for your heart

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Trees in Central Park, NYC. Credit Caitlyn Wilson
Trees in Central Park, NYC. Credit Caitlyn Wilson

It seems like a no-brainer, but sometimes you need to give evidence to city councillors: A new multi-institutional study led by UC Davis Health suggests that not all green space is created equal. Living in urban neighborhoods with more visible trees is associated with a 4% lower incidence of cardiovascular disease, while areas dominated by grass or low shrubs may be linked to higher cardiovascular risk.

The research, published in Environmental Epidemiology, analyzed more than 350 million street-level images using machine learning to distinguish between trees, grass, and other types of vegetation. The findings challenge long-held assumptions that simply adding “green space” to cities is enough to improve public health.

“Public health interventions should prioritize the preservation and planting of tree canopies,” said Peter James, associate professor in the UC Davis Department of Public Health Sciences and lead author of the study. “Urban forestry initiatives and policies that protect mature trees are likely to yield greater cardiovascular health benefits than investments in grass planting.”

Related: AI scientists from MIT get a map of a city’s trees

MIT city tree researcher maps trees in cities around the world to check their health. Via MIT.
MIT city tree researcher maps trees in cities around the world to check their health. Via MIT.

Why trees outperform lawns

Unlike satellite imagery, which often lumps all vegetation into one category, the researchers used street-level images—similar to what pedestrians see via platforms like Google Street View—to capture real neighborhood conditions. Deep-learning models identified trees, grass, sidewalks, cars, and other features, creating a granular picture of urban environments.

Those visual data were then linked to nearly 89,000 participants in the long-running Nurses’ Health Study, tracking 18 years of medical records and death certificates. The results were striking: More visible trees → 4% lower cardiovascular disease incidence

More grass → 6% higher incidence: Other green vegetation (shrubs, bushes) → 3% higher incidence

The protective effect of trees held steady even after accounting for air pollution, population density, regional differences, and neighborhood socioeconomic status.

Green Prophet's reporting played a significant role in saving Jaffa Boulevard's trees in Jaffa from being cut down for a Light Rail Train. Image credit: Karin Kloosterman
Green Prophet’s reporting played a significant role in saving Jaffa Boulevard’s trees in Jaffa from being cut down for a Light Rail Train. Image credit: Karin Kloosterman

Researchers suspect the negative associations with grass may be linked to pesticide use, emissions and dust from from mowing equipment, reduced cooling capacity, and weaker noise and air-pollution filtering compared to trees.

With cardiovascular disease responsible for over 900,000 deaths annually in the U.S.—nearly one in three deaths, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention—even small shifts matter.

“This opens a promising avenue: improving heart health through community-level environmental change, not just individual behavior,” said Eric B. Rimm, professor at Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health.

Huge Fish Nursery Discovered Under Freezing Arctic Seas

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yellowfin rockcod fish in the Arctic sea

In 2019, an underwater robot camera exploring the seabed in part of the Antarctica’s Southern Ocean brought up footage of something no one suspected:a huge breeding ground of yellowfin rockcod fish.

You wouldn’t think that the freezing Arctic waters can sustain much life. One startling phenomenon is the greening of Antarctica due to climate change.The icy continent’s dim light, ever-present ice and extreme cold forbid human habitation and make research challenging.

The discovery occurred when the Larsen C ice shelf in the Wedell Sea calved; that is, an iceberg broke off the body of the ice shelf. Ice shelves play a large role in the rise and fall of global sea levels and contribute significantly to global ocean circulation and climate.

The research article published in 2020 states:

“The Weddell Sea, located within the Southern Ocean, is significant for its biological richness and its contribution to global ocean circulation and climate. It plays a critical role in forming water mass interactions that drive large-scale ocean currents, regulate global gas exchanges, and influence climate patterns. These interactions make the area a hotspot for biological productivity, activity, and abundance .”

The splitting off of the iceberg revealed part of the seabed that had been unaccessible until then. The opportunity to explore was there. A research team formed: the Weddell Sea Expedition 2019 onboard the SA Agulhas II.

In addition to studying conditions on the seabed, the research team hoped to locate the remains of the Endurance, a ship on an British exploration mission that sank in 1915 (the Endurance was found in 2020).  Researchers dropped a camera robot dubbed “Lassie” into the sea.

The footage showed thousands of circular or oval shapes on the sea floor, arranged in a pattern covering hundreds of kilometers. They are fish egg nests, shallow forms scooped out of the sea bed, each with a protective raised edge of sediment packed around it. Parent fish keep guard, hovering over the eggs and fluttering their fins to keep them oxygenated.

The colonies are geometrically formed so that larger fish nest on the farther edges, while weaker, smaller fish, more vulnerable to predators, lay their eggs inside the pattern, preferably close to the shelter of rocks. When the eggs hatch, leaving empty nests, some fish even return and clear out debris that currents bring, to prepare for the next generation.

At first these shapes were a mystery. No one expected to find a vastfish colony thriving in one of Earth’s most extreme environments. Marine biologist Russ Connelly, of the University of Essex, England, said, “We weren’t actually sure what the videos were showing us at the time. We thought maybe it was a Weddell seal snout that was going down and bonking down into the seabed. Or that it was pockmarks from stones dropping from the ice and making craters.”

We already knew about diverse life form thriving in Antarctica. Penguins, seals, whales, seabirds, sponges, fish and squid are some, without even considering krill, the tiny crustaceans that almost everything else eats. The huge rockfish nurseries are a link in the wildlife food chain that came to light only after the Eclipse/Weddell Sea Expedition.

The Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources has proposed designating the Weddell Sea as a protected area. This would prevent international businesses with an eye on this huge fish nursery from mining the seabed and endangering the entire wildlife chain.

Thomas Desvignes, a fish biologist at the University of Alabama at Birmingham says, “A lot of Antarctic ecosystems are under pressure from different countries to be released for mining, fishing and basically exploitation of the environment. The new research offers one more reason why we should protect the Weddell Sea.”

Connelly adds, ““In general, we need to explore more of the oceans, because … we’re so surprised at every single time that we see life exists at these depths. We need to see what’s out there before species that we didn’t even know existed have been lost.”

 

 

Kia’s bootcamp trains car mechanics on EVs and the future 

Kia trains mechanics of the future as part of its move to make meaning in the world. Image supplied by Kia to Greenprophet.
Kia trains mechanics of the future as part of its move to make meaning in the world. Image supplied by Kia to Greenprophet.

For decades, corporate social responsibility often meant a logo on a football jersey, a banner at a marathon, or a handshake photo with a charity. Visibility mattered more than durability. But that model is changing.

Like we learned with Levi’s which is training teens on how to repair clothing at schools in America, some of the world’s biggest brands are investing not in events — but in people.

Kia’s new Bootcamp program is a clear example of this shift. This week, Kia Corporation (listed on the Korean Stock Exchange KRX: 000270) unveiled a documentary highlighting its flagship CSR initiative, which provides hands-on technological education to young people in Mexico, Peru, the Philippines, and Morocco, with expansion planned to Ecuador, South Africa, and Singapore in 2026. The goal is not short-term aid, but something far more radical in corporate philanthropy: self-reliance. They are training young people how to be mechanics – on combustion engines, hybrids and electric vehicles.

“Bootcamp is a very meaningful and valuable activity that draws a bright future from the deep well of global youth potential,” said Tae-Hun (Ted) Lee, Head of Global Operations Division at Kia. “We will continue to expand various programs that provide local partners with opportunities to acquire new technologies at world-class educational facilities while experiencing the Kia brand firsthand.”

From donations to “priming water”

A student mechanic at the Kia Bootcamp program. Image supplied by Kia.
A student mechanic at the Kia Bootcamp program. Image supplied by Kia.

Kia describes Bootcamp (which made the news in the US over carjackings using a USB cable) using a metaphor borrowed from rural life: “priming water.” Just as a small amount of water is poured into a pump to start drawing water from a deep well, Bootcamp is designed to activate long-term capacity rather than deliver one-off charity.

Instead of giving money or equipment alone, Kia provides: Training vehicles, automotive tools and diagnostic equipment, instruction in combustion, hybrid, and electric vehicle technologies, partnerships with Kia retailers, garages and local schools. During Bootcamp 1.0 in 2025, their pilot program, Kia trained 87 professional mechanics, and 34 have already secured jobs at local dealerships. Another 50 trainees are currently in training in Morocco.

Kia is not alone.

Levi’s, for example, has shifted its sustainability focus beyond recycled denim into human skills. Through repair programs in schools and community spaces, Levi’s is teaching teenagers how to fix jeans — turning clothing care into an act of climate literacy and self-reliance.

Image by Emma Chamberlain for Levis
Image by Emma Chamberlain for Levis

Patagonia has built its Worn Wear program around repair, resale, and repair education.

Microsoft funds cloud and AI skills programs in underserved regions.

And in the financial fintech world world, a similar shift is underway. My Say On Pay, a new intelligence platform for C-level compensation, monitors publicly traded companies to evaluate how CEO pay compares with shareholder value creation. Instead of celebrating executive excess (see our story on Rodney McMullen), the platform asks a harder question: Does leadership compensation reflect real performance? Its education arm, 36North, extends this philosophy to young investors, offering practical training in sound wealth management, long-term thinking, and responsible financial decision-making, with women investors at the core.

Together, these programs reflect the same emerging philosophy as Kia’s Bootcamp: empower people in the entire business ecosystem your business operates in with skills, not slogans.

We are entering an era where water, energy, labor, and skills are all becoming climate-sensitive resources. Societies cannot rely on governments alone to fill the gaps and AI is going to be fast replacing entry level jobs. This gives us hope that humans will still have work and purpose.

The life of a coral gives clues to the origins of our heartbeat

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healthy ocean coral reef
A study on corals. Image from Green Prophet archives. 

A joint study by Tel Aviv University (TAU) and the University of Haifa set out to solve a scientific mystery: how a soft coral is able to perform the rhythmic, pulsating movements of its tentacles without a central nervous system. The study’s findings may change the way we understand movement in the animal kingdom in general and particularly in corals.

The study was led by Elinor Nadir, a PhD student at TAU, under the joint supervision of Professor Yehuda Benayahu of the School of Zoology at TAU’s George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences and Professor Tamar Lotan of the Department of Marine Biology at the Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences at the University of Haifa. The findings were published on November 11, 2025, in the scientific journal PNAS.

The research team discovered that the soft coral Xenia umbellata, one of the most spectacular corals on Red Sea reefs, drives the rhythmic movements of its eight polyp tentacles through a decentralized neural pacemaker system. Rather than relying on a central control center, a network of neurons distributed along the coral’s tentacle enables each one to perform the movement independently, while still achieving precise, collective synchronization.

“It’s a bit like an orchestra without a conductor,” explains Professor Tamar Lotan of the School of Marine Sciences at the University of Haifa. “Each tentacle acts independently, but they are somehow able to ‘listen’ to each other and move in that perfect harmony that so captivates observers. This is a completely different model from how we understand rhythmic movement in other animals.”

Corals of the Xeniidae family are known for their hypnotic movements — the cyclic opening and closing of their tentacles. Until now, however, it was unclear how they perform this. To investigate, the researchers conducted cutting experiments on the coral’s tentacles and examined how they regenerated and restored their rhythmic motion. To their surprise, even when the tentacles were cut off and separated from the coral — and even when further divided into smaller fragments — each piece retained its ability to pulse independently.

Subsequently, the researchers conducted advanced genetic analyses and examined gene expression at different stages of tentacle regeneration after separation from the coral. They found that the coral uses the same genes and proteins involved in neural signal transmission in far more complex animals, including acetylcholine receptors and ion channels that regulate rhythmic activity. According to the researchers, this discovery suggests that the origin of rhythmic movements — familiar to us from those underlying breathing, heartbeat, or walking — is far more ancient than previously thought. The corals demonstrate how coordinated movement can emerge from a simple, distributed system, long before sophisticated control centers evolved in the brains of advanced animals.

“It is fascinating to reach the conclusion that the same molecular components that activate the pacemaker of the human heart are also at work in a coral that appeared in the oceans hundreds of millions of years ago,” Professor Benayahu adds. “The coral we studied allows us to look back in time, to the dawn of the evolution of the nervous system in the animal kingdom. It shows that rhythmic and harmonious movement can be generated even without a brain — through remarkable communication among nerve cells acting together as a smart network. There is no doubt that this study adds an important layer to our understanding of the wonders of the coral reef animal world in general, and of corals in particular, and underscores the paramount need to preserve these extraordinary natural ecosystems.”

Funeral for a Tree plays birdsong from tree rings of beloved oak

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When a 65-year-old oak tree in Steve Parker’s yard died from fungal disease, he did not cut it into firewood or haul it away. He did not erase it. He cut the tree into disks and then turned them into records that play birdsong –– a touching tribute to the years that the tree was house and home to birds and all manners of creatures.

Parker, a Texas-based sound artist known online as @parkerstevesounds played the disks of wood on a Victrola-style turntable, and from the it the wooden records emit layered avian soundscapes, transforming dead wood into a living archive. He called the project Funeral for a Tree.

I once worked on a similar project in clay. I created a series of vessels designed to hold seeds. While shaping each one, I spoke to it — prayers, fragments of thought, small conversations with the material itself. I recorded my voice and the surrounding landscape of sound into the walls of the ceramic. Today’s machines cannot retrieve those recordings. But future instruments — capable of hearing at finer scales — may. The vessels are simply waiting for the right ears.

Funeral for a tree; Promotional material - Steve Parker.
Funeral for a tree; Promotional material – Steve Parker.
Funeral for a tree; Promotional material - Steve Parker.
Funeral for a tree; Promotional material – Steve Parker.
A disk from the old oak, Funeral for a tree; Promotional material – Steve Parker.
The oak tree featured in Funeral for a tree; Promotional material – Steve Parker.
Funeral for a tree; Promotional material - Steve Parker.
Funeral for a tree; Promotional material – Steve Parker.

Trees are not neutral objects. Their rings hold records of rainfall, drought, heat, and cold. Their fibers contain chemical traces of stress, recovery, and time. In scientific terms, trees are environmental witnesses. In Parker’s hands, they become storytellers.

The project was later exhibited at Ivester Contemporary in East Austin, Texas where visitors encountered both the wooden records and the physical remains of the tree itself. The installation did not explain the tree. It allowed people to sit with it.

In a time when climate loss is reported in numbers — hectares, parts per million, extinction rates — Funeral for a Tree insists on intimacy. It is easy to talk about forests. It is harder to mourn a single trunk. It’s like people fighting for Gaza or Iran or places thousands of miles beyond their city limits, but they don’t have time to call their grandmother or check on the sick boy down the street.

Parker’s work invites us to create rituals and intimacy with objects and meaning close to our homes and hearts.

 

 

Remilk makes cloned milk so cows don’t need to suffer and it’s hormone-free

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This week, Israel’s precision-fermentation milk from Remilk is finally appearing on supermarket shelves. Staff members have been posting photos in Hebrew, smiling, tasting, and clearly enjoying the moment — not because it’s science fiction, but because it tastes like the real thing.Remilk doesn’t come from cows. It uses microorganisms programmed to produce the same milk proteins found in dairy. The result is real milk protein — without the animal. Why does that matter? Because traditional dairy is one of the most resource-intensive foods we produce. It requires land, water, feed, antibiotics, and creates methane emissions. Precision-fermented milk needs far less land, far less water, and produces dramatically lower greenhouse gas emissions. Why many scientists say cloned (fermented) milk is better: No cows → no methane emissions No antibiotics or hormones Much lower land and water use Identical proteins → same taste and texture Suitable for people with lactose intolerance (depending on formulation) Stable, scalable, and climate-resilient It doesn’t mean traditional dairy disappears tomorrow. But it offers a serious alternative in a world facing climate pressure, food security concerns, and ethical debates about industrial farming. Israel has become a global leader in this field, alongside companies working on cultivated meat, egg proteins, and cheese alternatives. What once sounded futuristic is now simply… food.
Remilk is now hitting the shelves in Israel. Courtesy Remilk.

This week, Israel’s precision-fermentation milk from Remilk is finally appearing on supermarket shelves. Staff members have been posting photos in Hebrew, smiling, tasting, and clearly enjoying the moment — not because it’s science fiction, but because it tastes like the real thing.

Remilk doesn’t come from cows. It uses microorganisms programmed to produce the same milk proteins found in dairy. The result is real milk protein — without the animal.

Having fun in the supermarket. Courtesy of Remilk.
Having fun in the supermarket. Courtesy of Remilk.

Why does that matter? Because traditional dairy is one of the most resource-intensive foods we produce. It requires land, water, feed, antibiotics, and creates methane emissions. Precision-fermented milk needs far less land, far less water, and produces dramatically lower greenhouse gas emissions.

Why many scientists say cloned (fermented) milk is better:

  • No cows → no methane emissions that cause climate change
  • No antibiotics or hormones
  • Much lower land and water use
  • Identical proteins → same taste and texture
  • Suitable for people with lactose intolerance (depending on formulation)
  • Stable, scalable, and climate-resilient

It doesn’t mean traditional dairy and the taste of brie disappears tomorrow. But it offers a serious alternative in a world facing climate pressure, food security concerns, and ethical debates about industrial farming.

Israel has become a global leader in this field, alongside companies working on cultivated meat, egg proteins, and cheese alternatives. What once sounded futuristic is now simply… food. How do you say mooooo in Hebrew?

 

 

Lebanon reporting fellowship for truth-tellers

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Kadisha valley, lebabon mountain trail, eco tourism in Lebanon
Qadisha Valley in Lebanon is worth protecting, via Antonellaka Instagram

Lebanon’s environmental crisis is not abstract. It is shaped by war, neglect, corruption, and silence. Rivers carry untreated sewage and industrial waste into the Mediterranean. Dynamite fishing shatters fragile marine ecosystems along the coast. In many areas, Hezbollah’s military presence and decades of instability have made environmental accountability nearly impossible. What flows into the sea is not only pollution — it is politics, poverty, and unresolved war.

And yet, these stories are rarely told with depth, care, or courage. Silat Wassel’s Environmental Justice Journalism Fellowship is opening space for exactly that. They are looking for a few brave souls.

Rooted in South Lebanon and guided by feminist, youth-led, and independent journalism values, the Rooted Voices Rising initiative invites young journalists to document the environmental injustices shaping daily life — from contaminated water and illegal dumping to land exploitation, unsafe construction, and the invisible costs of conflict.

This is not a workshop for press releases and sound bytes but a five-day Environmental Justice Journalism Lab designed to equip six selected journalists with tools, mentorship, and editorial backing to produce two publishable investigations each. This will set the stage for helping more people become honest, environmental reporters.

Participants will explore environmental justice frameworks, solutions journalism, digital safety, and advanced storytelling methods — while remaining grounded in ethical reporting and lived community realities.

The fellowship is open to journalists across Lebanon, with priority for:

– Conflict-affected and underrepresented regions
– Women and rural youth
– Displaced individuals
– Marginalized communities

In a country where environmental damage is often normalized as collateral damage of politics, this fellowship insists that land, water, and life still matter.

The deadline to apply is 24 January 2026. Only shortlisted applicants will be contacted. Training details will be shared with selected fellows.

Apply here

Seaweed fashion brands can source from Saudi Arabian sea

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King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
Seaweed abaya courtesy of King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)

Fashion’s next material revolution may not come from a lab in Paris or Milan — but from the tides of the Red Sea. Along Saudi Arabia’s coastline, scientists, designers, and textile innovators are transforming Sargassum seaweed into a wearable fabric, turning a fast-growing marine biomass into a new generation of sustainable textile. The initiative, led by KAUST Beacon Development in collaboration with the Saudi Fashion Commission and PYRATEX, is part of a broader effort to rethink how fashion sources its raw materials.

The project was recently presented as the Red Sea Seaweed Textile, demonstrating how locally sourced algae can be converted into blended yarns and finished garments. Stella McCartney does it. So why not Saudis?

“This material represents a milestone in our mission to build a future-focused, sustainable fashion ecosystem in Saudi Arabia. It demonstrates how local resources, scientific excellence, and creative talent can come together to deliver solutions for the global fashion industry,” said Burak Çakmak, CEO of the Saudi Fashion Commission.

KAUST’s role has been central. Its marine scientists studied the biochemical structure of Red Sea seaweed and developed responsible harvesting methods that preserve both the ecosystem and the algae’s functional properties.

An abaya made from seaweed?

Seaweed abaya courtesy of King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
Seaweed abaya courtesy of King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)

“By researching the biochemical properties of Red Sea seaweed, we were able to integrate local algae species into an innovative blended yarn,” said Fiona Symes, COO of KAUST Beacon Development.

PYRATEX  then translated that biomass into textile form, blending the algae with Lyocell and organic cotton to produce a fabric that is breathable, traceable, and suitable for garment production. The Saudi Fashion Commission’s development studio produced complete garments from the material — not as conceptual pieces, but as real clothing.

Saudi Arabia’s fashion scene has been showing dynamic evolution. Recent runway shows in the Kingdom featured bathing suits in a historically very modest country.

Saudi fashion week features Moroccan designer Yasmina Qanzal
Saudi fashion week features Moroccan designer Yasmina Qanzal. Courtesy photo.

These shows reflect a larger shift in how fashion in the Middle East engages global trends while honoring local sensibilities — moving beyond traditional expectations to embrace broader stylistic expressions that include functional, climate-appropriate swimwear alongside couture and everyday wear.

The seaweed fabric project reflects a growing shift across the fashion world. Designers such as Stella McCartney have long argued that sustainability cannot rely only on recycled synthetics or reduced harm. McCartney has repeatedly called for materials that are regenerative, ethical, and transparent — fibers that restore ecosystems rather than merely slow damage.

Luxury and performance brands alike are now experimenting with algae, mycelium, pineapple fiber, cactus leather, and agricultural waste. But what makes the Red Sea initiative distinctive is its regional grounding: a local marine resource transformed locally, with scientific validation and design integration.

Men's suit courtesy of King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
Men’s suit courtesy of King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
Men’s suit courtesy of King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)

Fashion is one of the most environmentally demanding industries on Earth, responsible for heavy water use, chemical pollution, and carbon emissions. Changing fabrics may seem small, but materials determine supply chains, farming practices, and waste streams.

Seaweed offers a radically different model. It grows without freshwater irrigation, fertilizers, or farmland. It absorbs carbon and regenerates rapidly. It does not compete with food systems. And it invites coastal stewardship rather than land exploitation.

Images of seaweed courtesy of King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
Images of seaweed courtesy of King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST). From Red Sea seaweed to runway-ready fabric, Saudi Arabia is quietly reshaping fashion’s material future. KAUST scientists, designers, and textile innovators are proving that sustainability can begin in local ecosystems. As seaweed becomes wearable, fashion is learning to grow not from fields — but from tides.
Images of seaweed courtesy of King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
Images of seaweed courtesy of King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)

For Saudi Arabia, this project also signals a broader narrative shift. The Kingdom is increasingly positioning itself not only as an energy producer, but as a knowledge and innovation economy — where science, sustainability, and culture intersect.

For fashion, the message is equally clear: the future of luxury will not be defined only by design houses, but by material intelligence. Garments made from seaweed may not replace cotton or polyester tomorrow. But they challenge designers, investors, and consumers to imagine clothing that begins in ecosystems rather than factories.

As Stella McCartney and other sustainability leaders have shown, fashion does not change when trends shift. It changes when materials do.

Levis is teaching Gen Z how to repair their clothes –– download all the teacher guides here

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Image by Emma Chamberlain for Levis
Image by Emma Chamberlain for Levi’s. Handout.

Somewhere between TikTok hauls and next-day delivery, we forgot how to fix things. We forgot how to cook without an app and a pre-made box, grow food without a kit, and sew a button back onto a shirt without throwing the whole garment away. Clothing, once stitched with intention (my mother made her own dresses!), has become fast fashion and disposable. And with it, a quiet loss of skill, patience, and care.

Levi’s is trying to reverse that. The brand has launched a new program in high schools that teaches students how to repair, reinforce, and customize their own clothes. It’s a small intervention with big implications.

“At Levi Strauss & Co., we’ve spent more than 170 years designing clothes to be worn and loved for as long as possible. The Levi’s® Wear Longer Project builds on that legacy by giving young people the confidence and tools to extend the life of what they already own,” said Michelle Gass, President and CEO, Levi Strauss & Co. “By building up repair skills within the next generation and emphasizing the idea of durability, we’re helping spark a culture of creativity, sustainability, and pride in taking care of the things we value.”

The idea isn’t new. Many of us remember clothing swaps, community repair nights, and the early sustainability movement that made secondhand feel rebellious and smart. It carried the same spirit as freecycle and the pop-ups that would help women repair their clothes — spaces where fashion stopped being about perfection and started being about longevity. We also love it when people in big cities put clothes out on park benches. Nothing like finding a haul of cosy clothes.

For years, knitting circles, stitch-and-bitch nights, and repair cafés were quietly led by women in their 30s, 40s, and beyond. They weren’t trying to start trends. They were trying to make things last and they enjoyed creating and being together. Now, that knowledge is finally being passed to a generation that understands waste instinctively, but often lacks the tools to act on it.

Image supplied by Levi's
Image supplied by Levi’s

In the 2010s, greening your wardrobe was pretty easy. But Gen Z doesn’t just want sustainability slogans. They want agency. My daughter is a Gen Z and she can repair jeans with a sewing machine, she can crochet a hat and halter top and she make a bag. Learning how to patch denim, reinforce seams, and turn damage into design gives young people something rare: control over consumption.

“Every year, millions of wearable garments end up in landfills, many taking centuries to decompose. By teaching repair, customization, and sustainable care, the Wear Longer Project interrupts that cycle,” said Alexis Bechtol, director of Community Affairs at Levi Strauss & Co.

Levi's is supplying teaching tools so young people can learn the craft of repair. Levi's.
Levi’s is supplying teaching tools so young people can learn the craft of repair. Levi’s.

Created with Discovery Education, the Levi’s Wear Longer Project brings clothing repair back into the classroom — not as a hobby, but as a core life skill. Through free lesson plans, teacher toolkits, and hands-on workshops, students learn how to sew, hem, patch, and redesign their clothes. The materials are built to fit directly into existing high-school programs for grades nine to twelve, making repair part of everyday learning rather than an after-school afterthought.

New research commissioned by Levi’s found that 41% of Gen Z lack any clothing repair or customization skills — from altering a hem to sewing a custom patch —  compared to less than 25% of older generations who often learned these skills at home or in school. However, 35% of Gen Z say they would keep their clothing for longer if they knew how to alter or repair them. 

Levi's sample guide on how to patch jeans. Free from Levi's
Levi’s sample guide on how to patch jeans. Free from Levi’s

Gen Z may lead the way in thrifting, swapping, and upcycling, but nearly half of those surveyed admitted they don’t know how to fix their clothes. Without repair skills, even the most circular fashion habits eventually collapse back into waste. The company argues that sustainability only works when durability is personal. Knowing how to extend the life of a garment is what turns environmental intention into real impact. Without that knowledge, circular fashion remains a theory instead of a practice.

In other words: you can love second-hand clothes all you want — but if you can’t repair them, they still end up in the bin.

The Levi’s Wear Longer Project is supported by a practical set of classroom-ready repair guides that make sustainability tangible, not theoretical. Students learn how to sew on buttons, hem clothing, patch holes, and fix tears through step-by-step facilitator and student guides designed for hands-on learning. Teachers can find the guides here –– with a version for students and one for teachers.

Quintin Tarantino walks on a bike lane in Tel Aviv

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Quentin Tarantino lives in Israel now, quietly blending into Tel Aviv life — until Tel Aviv, of course, notices him. This week the city spotted Tarantino walking in a bike lane and turned the moment into a public teaching joke, reminding residents that even cinematic legends must obey urban etiquette. The post went viral with the line: “Let’s make this clear right now: Unless you’ve made at least two masterpieces and permanently changed the face of film forever and ever — do not walk on the bike lane.” It was classic Tel Aviv humor: irreverent, civic-minded, and oddly affectionate. Tarantino, who has spoken often about finding calm and inspiration in Israel, has become part of the city’s cultural landscape — not as a celebrity on a pedestal, but as another citizen navigating sidewalks, cafés, and yes, bike lanes.

Quentin Tarantino lives in Israel now, quietly blending into Tel Aviv life (which is pretty loud and late night!) — until Tel Aviv, of course, notices him.

This week the city spotted Tarantino walking in a bike lane and turned the moment into a public teaching joke, reminding residents that even cinematic legends must obey urban etiquette. The post went viral with the line: “Let’s make this clear right now: Unless you’ve made at least two masterpieces and permanently changed the face of film forever and ever — do not walk on the bike lane.”

It was classic Tel Aviv humor: irreverent, civic-minded, and oddly affectionate. Most citizens do not have patience though for the lawlessness of electric bike riders.

We should note that bike lanes are important. Not long ago an eco-activist was killed on her scooter on her way to pick up her kid from pre-school.

Eco concrete entrepreneur killed on electric scooter

Quintin has little kids of his own and has spoken often about finding calm and inspiration in Israel, has become part of the city’s cultural landscape.

Isra and Mi’raj Festival and the Night Journey to Jerusalem that shaped Islam

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The Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem is built on the site of the Jewish holy temple
The Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem

The Muslim prophet Muhammad never traveled to the city of Jerusalem in his lifetime. Yet his dream is celebrated as a spiritual transformation. The Isra and Mi‘raj story describes a spiritual or visionary experience, not a recorded historical journey. Even early Islamic scholars debated whether the event was physical or symbolic. Yet today, Muslims around the world are marking Isra and Mi‘raj as a living spiritual tradition filled with prayer, storytelling, and community rituals around the world.

The approximate date when the Prophet’s night journey occurred is the 27th of Rajab (7th month of the Islamic calendar), about 12 years after the start of revelation, which is about 1 year before the Prophet’s migration from Mecca to Medina, considered the starting point of the Islamic calendar, according to Islamic scholars.

Isra means night journey and mi’raj means ascending like on a ladder.

  • Isra = the night journey

  • Mi‘raj = the ascent

In the Old Testament at the same location, Jacob dreams of a ladder reaching from earth to heaven, with angels ascending and descending on it. The vision symbolizes a connection between the human and divine worlds, made visible during a night of spiritual revelation.

In Christianity, Jesus’ Ascension into heaven mirrors the idea of rising toward God, while Jacob’s ladder (shared with Judaism) is interpreted by Christians as a symbol of Christ connecting heaven and earth. Like Isra and Mi‘raj, these stories express the belief that humans can encounter the divine beyond ordinary physical limits.

How Isra and Mi‘raj Is Celebrated Today

dates stuffed with goat cheese
Stuffed dates.

Across Muslim communities, the night is observed with special mosque gatherings, Qur’an recitations, sermons, and family discussions. In many countries, the evening becomes a moment for reflection rather than public festivity. Food also plays a quiet but important role. Families prepare simple shared meals, sweets, dates, and regional dishes that vary by culture:

In Indonesia and Malaysia, communal rice dishes, sweet porridge, and traditional cakes are served after prayers.

In Turkey, families share pastries and syrup-soaked desserts.

In the Middle East, dates, flatbreads, and warm drinks accompany storytelling and prayer.

Children learn the story through songs, drawings, and school programs, while elders emphasize humility, gratitude, and discipline.  The night is not about celebration in a modern party sense, but about remembering faith and spiritual responsibility.

The Isra and Mi‘raj festival commemorates not travel, but transformation — and a reminder that in Islamic tradition, spiritual elevation begins with inner struggle.

Carrot Waste Could Be Your Next Oyster Substrate –– Mycelium Protein Beats Soy in Taste Tests

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Pink oyset mushrooms via Jack Wallington

 

If make carrot juice and wonder what to do with all the carrot waste? Maybe turn it into mushrooms? A new study published in ACS’ Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry points to a clear opportunity for mushroom growers—commercial and hobby alike: using carrot processing waste as a substrate to grow high-value fungal mycelium for alternative protein.

Researchers investigated whether carrot side streams, generated during the production of natural food colorants, could support edible fungi growth. After screening 106 fungal strains, they identified Pleurotus djamor (pink oyster mushroom) as the most efficient, producing strong biomass growth and high protein content when cultivated on carrot residues.

Rather than growing fruiting bodies, the researchers focused on harvesting mycelium. This approach is especially relevant for growers, as mycelium production typically requires less space, shorter production cycles, and more controlled conditions than traditional mushroom cultivation.

Mushrooms grown on carrot waste

According to the study, the resulting mycelium protein showed biological values comparable to both animal and plant proteins, while remaining low in fat and rich in fiber. As the authors note:

“The biological value of the mycelial protein was comparable to that of animal- and plant-based proteins.”

To test market potential, the mycelium was incorporated into vegan patties and sausages. In blind taste tests, participants consistently preferred products made with 100% mycelium over soy-based alternatives, citing better taste and aroma.

Related: How to make mushroom paper

The researchers emphasize the broader implications for sustainable food production: “Utilizing side streams as substrate for mycelium production reduces environmental impact while adding value and supports food security.”

For mushroom growers, this research highlights a scalable, circular model: low-cost or discarded vegetable side streams become feedstock for a premium protein ingredient. It opens the door to partnerships with food processors, diversification beyond fresh mushroom sales, and entry into the fast-growing alternative protein market—without requiring entirely new cultivation expertise.

As demand rises for sustainable proteins that perform well on taste, mycelium grown on agricultural side streams may offer growers a rare combination of efficiency, profitability, and environmental benefit.

Vivobarefoot reports on its unfinished business, and failures

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There is something disarming about a company that publishes what didn’t work. I first came across this approach at startup events called FailCon, where high-tech founders would bare all and tell people about the mistakes of their lives — money they lost, lives they crushed. And we loved them more for it. Because for every company that works, there are probably a thousand that don’t.

Vivobarefoot, the shoe company taking on Nike and Adidas by turning technology inward — into the people who wear their shoes rather than external gels, soles, and supports — has made failure part of its annual reporting. You can find it laid out plainly in the Unfinished Business Report 2025, an integrated annual report that reads more like a working notebook.

Vivobarefoot is not a public company. There are no quarterly earnings calls to perform for, so they don’t need to do this. The business remains majority owned by the Clark family, with founders Galahad Clark and Asher Clark retaining control. A minority investment from Sofina Group provides patient capital, alongside a long-standing manufacturing partner and a small group of Crowdcube investors. That structure matters. It explains why this report can afford to be honest.

The report is clear about where things fell short. A strong women’s campaign delivered more than 11% growth but left men’s sales down 1% year-on-year, a reminder that focus can also create imbalance. VivoBiome, the much-celebrated scan-to-print footwear initiative, generated awards and media attention, but scanning and production bottlenecks limited volumes and sales.

Vivobarefoot and Balena 3D print a shoe to mimic the shoes of primal man. An early concept for printing footwear.

There were also product issues, including waterproofing and bonding failures in the Tracker Low and High boots, now fixed, and persistent stock availability problems that meant customers often couldn’t get the styles they wanted. None of this is dramatized. It’s presented as information — signals from the system.

What sits alongside these limitations is slower, less flashy progress. ReVivo, Vivobarefoot’s resale and repair platform, now accounts for up to 15% of sales. More than 63,000 pairs were repaired or refurbished this year. During Repair Week, demand overwhelmed expectations — queues outside stores, thousands of repairs booked in days.

Financially, the company grew to £91.4 million in revenue, sold 1.2 million pairs, and maintained a B Corp score of 119.3. But the report resists the idea that regeneration can ever be “done.” Growth is treated as something fragile — easily undone by logistics, incentives, or execution. The company has also published reports by human resources which show a 7.5 happiness rating for employees.

Vivobarefoot sock boot
Vivo sent me these shoes. They only started making sense when I was in Berlin. See my story on Michelberger. And review of Voo in Berlin.

I’ll add a small personal note. Early this year, Vivobarefoot sent us a pair of wool barefoot shoes. I didn’t love them at first. They felt less stable than the ones I’ve bought over the years with laces. (I run in barefoot shoes too). The soles, padded with a rubber/cork composite, irritated my feet in a way that felt like a warm tingling. Then, gradually when I was in Berlin in the fall, I started wearing them as an every day shoe. Somewhere along the way, they became the shoes I reach for every morning. The weather has something to do with it.

Vivobarefoot doesn’t promise instant transformation — of bodies, businesses, or systems. They even suggest that when you buy their shoes wear them at increments until you get used to them. Your better posture should come from within, not given to you by an inflexible sole and the security of a cushioned heel.

Unfinished Business 2025 offers a blueprint for companies people want to support and work for: a company willing to stay with discomfort, to publish what didn’t work and what does.

EU Ports Still Power Russia’s Arctic Gas Exports Despite Phase-Out Pledge

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Russian tanker ice breaking on a delivery
Russian tanker ice breaking on a delivery

A new analysis published today by Urgewald, a German NGO, reveals that the European Union continues to play a central role in sustaining Russia’s Arctic gas exports, despite its public commitment to phase out Russian LNG imports by 2027.

Using cargo-level data from Kpler, the report shows that in 2025 the Kremlin’s flagship Yamal LNG terminal generated an estimated €7.2 billion in revenue from LNG shipments to EU ports alone. Of the 19.7 million tonnes exported globally from Yamal last year, 15 million tonnes — more than 76% — were delivered to Europe, making the EU by far the project’s most important customer.

“While Brussels celebrates agreements to phase out Russian gas, our ports continue serving as the logistics lung for Russia’s largest LNG terminal,” said Sebastian Rötters, Sanctions Campaigner at Urgewald. “In the current geopolitical situation, we cannot afford another year of complicity.

“We are not just customers; we are the essential infrastructure keeping this flagship project alive. Every cargo that offloads at an EU terminal is a direct deposit into a war chest that fuels the slaughter in Ukraine. We must stop providing the oxygen for Russia’s energy profits and shut the Yamal loophole now.”

The findings suggest that rather than declining, Europe’s reliance on Yamal LNG intensified in 2025. Yamal cargoes accounted for 14.3% of the EU’s total LNG imports, equivalent to roughly one in every seven LNG ships arriving at European terminals.

Sebastian Rötters
Sebastian Rötters

 

France emerged as the single largest importer of Yamal LNG in 2025, receiving 6.3 million tonnes across 87 shipments at the ports of Dunkirk and Montoir. Belgium’s Zeebrugge terminal also played a critical role, receiving more Yamal LNG than China over the same period.

According to the analysis, Europe’s importance goes beyond demand. Yamal LNG’s Arctic location makes it entirely dependent on a small fleet of 14 Arc7 ice-class tankers, which must operate on short routes to function efficiently. By allowing these vessels to unload in nearby European ports, the EU enables rapid turnaround times that keep exports flowing year-round.

The report also highlights the role of European shipping companies, noting that UK-based Seapeak and Greece’s Dynagas together control over 70% of the Arc7 tanker fleet serving Yamal LNG.

Urgewald warns that unless action is taken soon, Europe risks losing its leverage. As charter agreements expire later this year, the specialized tanker fleet could be transferred into opaque “shadow fleet” structures, further entrenching Russia’s Arctic LNG exports.

“The data shows the EU holds decisive influence over Yamal LNG,” Rötters said. “What’s missing is the political will to use it — and to close the Yamal loophole now.”

Thank you, LinkedIn — and what your Jobs on the Rise report means for sustainable careers

Binishell homes can be made for emergency house and high-end luxury dwellings. Looking ahead in the job market, we can find new opportunities in hemp concrete and modeling software for energy efficiency

At Green Prophet, we want to start 2026 with a note of genuine thanks. We’re grateful to LinkedIn News for granting us free access to a reporter account. In a media landscape where quality data is often locked behind paywalls, this kind of openness matters — especially for independent journalism focused on climate, sustainability, and the future of work. With LinkedIn we are able to access people and contacts in hours, rather than days.

That access is put to good use in LinkedIn’s newly released Jobs on the Rise 2026, which tracks the 25 fastest-growing roles in the United States based on real employment data from 2023 to mid-2025. Beyond the headlines about AI, which will no doubt play a role in every job in the near future, the report quietly reveals something just as important: sustainability and climate-aligned work is no longer niche — it’s embedded across industries. And this report gives hope, direction and potentially new opportunities for young people starting out in their careers.

We’ve taken a look at the report and helped distill the opportunities that can work with the environment in mind.

Where sustainability shows up in the fastest-growing jobs

Sand mining in the Czech Republic
AI is used in mining

While “green jobs” aren’t always labeled as such, many of the fastest-growing roles are directly enabling the energy transition, climate resilience, and lower-carbon systems:

Number one on their list is Artificial Intelligence engineers. But what does that mean? Vibe coding Claude?

AI engineers, AI consultants, and AI/ML researchers
These roles are increasingly central to climate modeling, grid optimization, energy efficiency, climate risk analytics, and sustainable supply chains. AI isn’t abstract anymore — it’s infrastructure for climate decision-making. AI is being used to find new sources for mining, for solar panel optimization, and where to build wind turbines.

Commissioning managers & datacenter technicians
As data centers expand to support AI, commissioning managers play a critical role in efficiency, safety, and performance — including energy use and cooling systems. These jobs sit at the intersection of digital growth and environmental cost control. (This renewable energy company Intersect powers data centers and was just bought by Google for $4.5 billion)

Field marketing representatives in renewable energy and food systems
LinkedIn data shows hiring momentum in industries tied to renewable energy services and food production — sectors under pressure to decarbonize and scale responsibly. We know that Estee Lauder went solar at the source. Other companies are following suit.

Estee Lauder in Canada sets up solar power on the roof
Estee Lauder in Canada sets up solar power on the roof of the manufacturing facility. Businesses can do this as well as individuals.

Fundraising officers, public affairs specialists, and strategic advisors
Climate action increasingly depends on capital, policy, and public trust. These roles help move funding, shape regulation, and translate sustainability goals into action. find jobs in the government, at NGOs and as the VP of sustainability at a job you create.

Construction project leads & new home sales specialists
As building codes tighten and demand rises for energy-efficient housing, these roles will increasingly influence materials, design, and long-term environmental impact. Definitely in solar panel installation, creating new projects like Binishells from hemp concrete, and so on.

LinkedIn’s research also highlights a striking tension: 56% of professionals plan to job-hunt in 2026, yet 76% say they don’t feel prepared.

This gap matters for climate and sustainability. The transition to a low-carbon economy depends not just on technology, but on people who can adapt, reskill, and move between sectors. LinkedIn’s inclusion of free Learning courses alongside each role (available to all members until February 6) is a practical step toward closing that gap.

So thank you, LinkedIn, for the access — and for publishing data that helps journalists, workers, and policymakers see where the future of work is heading.

::LinkedIn News

Our DNA Ages With Us — And Some Genomes Age Faster Than Others

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Elon Musk is developing Neuralink to improve the quality of life. Bryan Johnson wants us to live forever. Somewhere in between is new research on what informs our DNA.
Elon Musk is developing Neuralink to improve the quality of life. Bryan Johnson wants us to live forever. Somewhere in between is new research on what informs our DNA.

A sweeping new genetic analysis of more than 900,000 people in the United States has revealed something  profound: as we age, parts of our DNA physically change — and for some people, those changes happen up to four times faster than for others. We’ve read the research that trauma and environmental exposure can hurt us at the DNA and cellular level, harming our future offspring, but this new research will be useful for life hackers, people that want to try to live forever.

Life hackers like Bryan Johnson, a US tech entrepreneur (founder of Braintree, which acquired Venmo) has turned his body into a full-scale longevity experiment called Blueprint. This latest research might allow some people to figure out how they “optimize” differently to live as long as possible.

Life hacking is a modern catch-all for a growing movement that treats the human body and mind as systems that can be measured, tested, and improved. A life hacker uses tools from biohacking, data tracking, and behavioral science to pursue human optimization and self-optimization, often through the quantified self approach—measuring sleep, nutrition, stress, and performance to guide personal optimization and performance hacking. Increasingly, this mindset is focused on longevity hacking and anti-aging biohacking, with the aim to slow aging naturally, reduce one’s biological age, and in some cases even attempt to reverse aging.
Bryan Johnson

The study, published this week in the leading science journal Nature, examined repetitive stretches of DNA known as repeat expansions — short genetic sequences that copy themselves again and again over time. These repeats are already known to cause more than 60 inherited diseases, including Huntington’s disease, myotonic dystrophy, and some forms of ALS. What scientists hadn’t realized until now is just how common, dynamic, and genetically controlled this process is across the general population.

“We found that most human genomes contain repeat elements that expand as we age,” said Margaux L. A. Hujoel, PhD, lead author of the study and assistant professor at UCLA. “Some individuals’ repeats expand four times faster than others. That level of genetic control points to real opportunities for intervention.”

Researchers from Broad Institute, Harvard Medical School, and UCLA analyzed whole-genome data from nearly half a million UK Biobank participants and more than 400,000 people enrolled in the U.S.-based All of Us Research Program. Using newly developed computational tools, the team measured instability across more than 356,000 repeat locations in the genome.

Related: why this ski resort town is being hunted by ALS

What they found reshapes how scientists think about genetic aging. Repeat expansions were shown to increase steadily with age in blood cells, while 29 distinct genetic regions were identified that either accelerate or slow this expansion. Strikingly, the same DNA repair genes could stabilize one repeat while destabilizing another — a reminder that biology rarely behaves in simple, linear ways.

One discovery stood out. Expansions in the GLS gene, present in about 0.03% of people, were linked to a 14-fold increased risk of severe kidney disease and a threefold increase in liver disease risk — pointing to a previously unrecognized repeat expansion disorder hiding in plain sight.

Related: life hacks using olive oil

Why does this matter? Because these expanding repeats may become measurable biomarkers — early warning signs that disease processes are accelerating long before symptoms appear. More importantly, the naturally occurring genetic variants that slow repeat expansion may show researchers which molecular pathways to target with future therapies.

“This work tells us that genetic aging isn’t uniform,” Hujoel said. “And if we can learn how to slow it in some people, we may be able to slow disease itself.”

For a world grappling with aging populations and chronic disease, the message is clear: our DNA is not static — but it may be more steerable than we thought.

What is life hacking?

Life hacking is a modern catch-all for a growing movement that treats the human body and mind as systems that can be measured, tested, and improved. A life hacker uses tools from biohacking, data tracking, and behavioral science to pursue human optimization and self-optimization, often through the quantified self approach—measuring sleep, nutrition, stress, and performance to guide personal optimization and performance hacking. Increasingly, this mindset is focused on longevity hacking and anti-aging biohacking, with the aim to slow aging naturally, reduce one’s biological age, and in some cases even attempt to reverse aging.

Central to this effort are concepts like lifespan extension and healthspan optimization, which prioritize living healthier for longer, not just living longer. Researchers and biohackers alike track aging biomarkers such as DNA aging, telomeres, and epigenetic age to understand how fast the body is aging at a cellular level—and whether lifestyle, technology, or medical interventions can meaningfully change that trajectory.

We say eat well, exercise within reason, love your God, your nation and your family, and you will have a great life.

Grow a unibrow for Januhairy and embrace your body hair

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Sophia Hadjipanteli unibrow odel
Model Sophia Hadjipanteli sports a unibrow year round

Body hair is a big issue especially for those who have it. Some cultures adore body hair on women and men, others deny that women actually grow body hair on their arms, legs, face, and even chest. Muslims have a haram and halal guide to body hair, and Jewish women remove theirs every month before they go to the mikva when relations with their husband can resume.

Januhairy, grow a unibrow, remove a unbrow, long armpit hair, janu hairy, black woman chest hair
Women’s chest hair, armpits, legs and bikini areas. Let it grow!

Middle Eastern women can be hairy and those not wanting it use threading and sugar wax or sugaring to remove it. Removing hair, as men who shave daily, know, is a big hassle. Some get it removed permanently but that could be a big mistake as Januhairy and a new body hair trend is coming back stronger than Brooke Shield’s eyebrows in the 80s.

Sophia Hadjipanteli

Sophia-Hadjipanteli

What’s a woman to do? Like Movember when men started growing moustaches for a cause, a new movement called Januhairy is encouraging women to stop removing their body hair. Look at Cypriot-American model Sophia Hadjipanteli and her unibrow. And the TikToker Unibrow Girl. Will you join the movement?

Unibrow Girl Tiktok
The Unibrow Girl on Tiktok

If you look to Takijistan a woman’s beauty is measured by the size of eyebrows. Traditional Tajikistan songs including Bukaran songs by Jewish Tajikis extol women and their large eyebrows. Tajikistan women paint their eyebrows a la Frida Kahlo to appear more attractive.

A unibrow is a sign of beauty in Tajikistan and among Bukaran Jewish culture
A unibrow is a sign of beauty in Tajikistan and among Bukharan Jewish culture. Image via El-Len

Egyptians are credited with inventing sugaring, believed to predate shaving. It’s similar to waxing, but uses a sugar-syrup paste that gets spread onto skin. When the mixture cools, it’s quickly peeled off, yanking hair out at the roots. You can eat the sweet pre-product if you use our recipe.

But why bother shaving? Women leading the Januhairy movement like Queen Esie believe that body hair can help a woman reclaim her body and redefine what is beautiful.

She offers some tips, “Most women have shaved and removed their body hair all their life that they don’t know what they look like natural, and feel shame when they body hair slowly starts growing back. If you want to stop be afraid or ashamed of your body hair and slowly start embracing it, here are a few tips:

Tip 1: Accept that you’re a hairy woman & that’s ok ?
Tip 2: Wear clothes that reveal your body hair in the comfort of your home?
Tip 3: Compliment your hairy body in the mirror ☀️
Tip 4: Let your body hair grow during the winter

“Once you get use to seeing body hair on your body you will slowly stop feeling shame.”

Queen Esie
Queen Esie via Instagram

If you lived past the 90s and notice some women have bald eyebrows, that’s because women over-removed their eyebrows and they never grew back. Some women, already back then and it’s always been more common in Europe, have stopped removing armpit hair, leg hair, nipple hair and all hair down there.

Queen Esie via Instagram

Say no to a Brazil body wax

What is a Brazilian wax? In a Brazilian wax common in the west pubic hair is removed from around the external genitals, between the upper thighs, and around the anus. Some women can choose to remove all hair in the area or leave a small strip of hair in the front.

For the last 15 years or the Brazil body wax has made it common for women to remove their pubic hair as though they are pre-pubescent women. The Januhairy movement is encouraging women to keep all their growth, personal and down their intact and to embrace one’s body as it is: hairy and beautiful. It starts with a few women but if women of the world unite, you can stop shaving forever. The other option: get married and save yourself the hassle.

Januhairy - sex and too much hair

“Female body hair challenges not only the world’s status quo on a superficial, visual level but also our deeper stigmas and beliefs surrounding female pleasure and sex,” says Caley Draws, who discusses sex and hair.

Thinking about growing out your hair?

Follow the Januhairy movement.

Thinking, no way, help me out. I got to this page for the wrong reasons: Start here with a simple sugar wax DIY recipe.

natural, recipe, sugar wax, beauty, arabic, health, ancient

Female Genital Mutilation still happens — quietly, at home, and across borders in Canada

Canada criminalized female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) in 1997, defining it as aggravated assault. Get caught doing it to a child or woman of any age, and expect 14 years in jail. We’d think the clinics from Toronto had shut down years ago after demonstrations against them in the 90s (it’s still happening in London), and in Islam in general – read here, yet a recent report by Islamic Relief Canada makes the uncomfortable point plain: the law exists, the practice persists, and the systems meant to protect girls and support survivors are still not ready.

Get the PDF report: Documenting and Responding to Female Genital Mutilation in Canada

There are no reliable national prevalence statistics for Canada — a gap so visible that Prime Minister Justin Trudeau publicly called for better data. That absence of measurement is not neutral. It creates the conditions for denial, and for harm to continue in private. It can happen from infancy to about age

The report released in 2025 documents what many Canadians prefer to believe cannot happen “here”: FGM/C can be arranged and performed inside Canada, including in private homes with no medical oversight. One participant recalls being told: “We must carry our culture with us wherever we are.”

Another Canadian Muslim describes the reality of secrecy and confusion when it happens on Canadian soil: “It happened in Canada… It was done in secret, at home.” And the damning detail: “The woman who did it wasn’t even a medical professional.”

In one case, the cutting was effectively imported to Canada: “My grandmother visited us… She purposely travelled to have me circumcised.”

“Vacation cutting”: taken abroad — and brought back

The report is explicit that Canada also faces the cross-border version. It is a criminal offense to remove a child from Canada for the purpose of FGM/C, yet families may still send daughters abroad. This is the most documented pathway internationally: the procedure is done during a “family trip” and returns to Canada with the harm already inflicted — and often undisclosed and most of the scars healed over.

Some of the data shows the greatest amount of cases in Alberta.

Female GM in Alberta, Canada
Female GM in Alberta, Canada

What may be most disturbing is not only that FGM/C can happen — but that Canada’s healthcare system is still too often unprepared to recognize it, document it, or support survivors with competence and dignity. From the healthcare practitioner survey cited in the report:

  • Only 9% rated their knowledge as “Excellent,” while 57% rated it “Fair” or “Poor.”
  • 48% said they were unfamiliar with the four types of FGM/C.
  • 60% reported no formal education on FGM/C.

Stigma compounds the gap. A service provider explains that women may choose midwives from within their community to keep their status private. Another line cuts to the core: “There’s a lack of understanding… especially psychologically.”

Here is the part Canadians and new immigrants to Canada should understand clearly: aggravated assault in Canada carries a maximum penalty of up to 14 years in prison. Yet the report warns that punitive law alone does not necessarily stop the practice — and can drive it deeper underground through fear of consequences for family members.

That is why the authors emphasize a coordinated approach: training, culturally competent care, community leadership, and survivor-centered support — not just criminal statutes.

If you suspect risk or harm: who you can report to in Canada

Types of FGM cutting via Kids New to Canada 

If a child is at risk, act as if it is an emergency. According to Canada’s Department of Justice, FGM is child abuse and should be reported. If you suspect risk, contact the police. END FGM believes there are 100,000 women in Canada who are victims to FGM. To date there are zero cases of prosecution. In July 2017, a leaked internal report by the Canada Border Services Agency acknowledged that FGM/C practitioners were “almost certainly entering Canada” to engage in the practice.

Watch a video of what they found coming to Canada.

FGM by country

FGM by country

If you or someone you know is a victim of FGM or could be taken abroad for the procedure, you can call the

  • Police / Emergency services: Justice Canada guidance on FGM. Call 9-1-1.
  • Provincial or territorial child protection services (police can direct you if unsure)
  • School safeguarding channels (principals or designated safeguarding leads)
  • Hospital safeguarding teams or professional regulatory bodies

If travel is imminent and there is concern a child may be taken abroad for FGM/C, report urgently to the police. It is also illegal to remove a child from Canada for this purpose under the Criminal Code.

Let the lüften in — and be healthier for it

Image retrieved from Unsplash

I was in Munich, Germany, settling into my new temporary digs when my Couchsurfing host flung open the living room windows. “Lüften!” he exclaimed ardently.

The breeze felt nice, if not a bit chilly, on that late winter afternoon. But in a land where the people love cold plunging, I made like a local and embraced the briskness.

Although it was March 2020, finding fresh air had nothing to do with the impending Covid-19 pandemic. In fact, as my host explained, lüften is a German cultural tradition practiced multiple times daily.

Simply the practice of opening windows for natural ventilation, it is considered essential for well-being and doesn’t cost a dime. Even a short burst of air has a powerful impact, with the typical session lasting from five to thirty minutes.

In the modern era, Germans have emerged as trailblazers in health and social care, but they have been practicing lüften for centuries to rid living spaces of stale air, odors, and even mold by regulating humidity. For these benefits, many landlords write lüften into their rental contracts.

Related: Improving the air quality of your home starting with your AC unit

Physically, lüften is a tried and true remedy for improving respiratory function, energy levels, and mood. We refresh our spaces with plants with much of the same motivation; lüften makes greenification a more immersive experience.

Lüften must invigorate a primal understanding that we are connected to the elements. When, for whatever modern reasons, we are stuck inside, we can swiftly invite in the great outdoors. Easy, breezy, beautiful.

See also: Eco-friendly upgrades every homeowner can make

I’ve never been a big fan of air conditioning, much preferring air that hasn’t been tampered with. It has always been a no-brainer for me to let fresh air flow inside during warmer weather, but now I happily crack the windows during the colder months too, actively recalling my old friend and the wisdom of his ancestors.

I brought lüften back with me from Germany, an unseen souvenir — often the best kind of memento.

Is It Safe to Be Around Artificial Snow?

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Are snow machines making people sick?
Are snow machines making people sick?

Climate change is causing a number on ski hills around the world, with some shutting down for lack of predictable seasonal snow. But what people don’t know is that snow machines, using a chemical called Snowmax, or Snomax, may not be as innocuous as you think. One would imagine that snow machines just freeze water and push it out as snow, but it’s not the case with technical snow. One study even linked artificial snow, Snowmax, to increased numbers of a deadly nerve disease in this French ski village.

This shift to fake snow has raised a reasonable public question: is artificial snow safe for people who ski on it, work with it, or live nearby?

The short answer from current science is: there is no strong evidence that artificial snow is dangerous to the general public, but there are documented environmental and occupational concerns that continue to be studied.

What artificial snow is made from

Artificial snow is made from a bacteria
Artificial snow is made from a bacteria and used in Snowmax, or Snomax to create technical snow

Artificial snow is produced by spraying pressurized water and air into cold conditions so that droplets freeze before reaching the ground. In most cases, the snow is simply frozen water. In some regions and time periods, ski operators have used snowmaking additives, most notably Snomax, which contains ice-nucleating proteins derived from the bacterium Pseudomonas syringae. These proteins allow water to freeze at slightly warmer temperatures.

The bacterium used in Snomax is non-viable (it is killed first) and it cannot grow at human body temperature. Regulatory reviews in Europe and North America have not found evidence that it causes infectious disease in humans. But not a lot of studies have been done.

Studies indexed in PubMed have examined potential health effects of artificial snow exposure. These include occupational studies of snowmaking workers and environmental monitoring of snow, air, and water. No evidence of acute illness in skiers or nearby residents linked to artificial snow.

Occupational exposure to bacterial endotoxins has been measured among snowmaking workers, particularly when handling additives in powdered form. Short-term studies, including a U.S. NIOSH health hazard evaluation, did not find clear respiratory disease in exposed workers, though sample sizes were limited.

Montchavin is a ski village in the Alps that has a surge of ALS and researchers suggest mushrooms and possibly artificial snow machines might be the link

Because endotoxins are known to cause airway irritation in some contexts, researchers consider snowmaking staff — not the recreational skiers — the group most relevant for ongoing monitoring.

Recent European studies have examined artificial snow for antibiotics, bacteria, and antibiotic-resistance genes. These studies found that contaminants in artificial snow largely reflect upstream water pollution, especially from municipal wastewater treatment plants and medical facilities — not from the snowmaking process itself.

In some cases, artificial snowmaking reduced bacterial concentrations compared with intake water. Researchers also found that water storage reservoirs may help lower the transfer of pollutants into technical snow.

Despite limited evidence of direct harm, some countries and regions have restricted or banned snowmaking additives under the precautionary principle. These decisions reflect uncertainty, public concern, and environmental protection priorities rather than confirmed health hazards.

Based on current evidence artificial snow is considered safe for the general public.  But as artificial snow use expands with climate change, scientists continue to study long-term environmental and health effects.

Why this French ski village is being stalked by a nerve disease

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The village is Montchavin, a small alpine village in Savoie, in the French Alps.

Montchavin, a small alpine village in Savoie, in the French Alps

Researchers found that this French ski village was known for eating this one thing

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is often described as a cruel mystery: it’s a neurodegenerative disease that appears without warning, progresses relentlessly, and in most cases has no clear genetic cause. But research over the past decade has increasingly suggested that ALS may be shaped as much by environment as much or maybe even more than biology.

Investigations identified 14 cases by 2021, with some reports extending this to 16 people affected by ALS in the area between 1990 and 2019. These numbers are too high to be a coincidence.

Related: is working with artificial now, or Snomax, a health concern? 

One of the most compelling examples comes from a small mountainous village in the French Alps, where scientists documented an unusually high number of ALS cases concentrated within a single community. A 2024 study published in eNeurologicalSci revisits this cluster and offers new insight into what may have contributed to it: the long-term consumption of certain wild mushrooms.

The researchers examined medical histories, dietary habits, preserved mushroom specimens, and metabolic genetics of people diagnosed with ALS in the village. A consistent pattern emerged. Many of those affected had regularly eaten foraged wild fungi known as false morels collected locally over many years.

At the time, the mushrooms had been identified as a relatively less toxic species. But when mycologists re-examined dried samples using modern techniques, they discovered the fungi were actually members of the Gyromitra esculenta group, including species known to contain far higher concentrations of gyromitrin.

Why false morels raise concern

Gyromitrin is not just a cause of acute mushroom poisoning. Once metabolized in the body, it breaks down into monomethylhydrazine, a compound with well-documented neurotoxic and genotoxic effects. Monomethylhydrazine can damage DNA and interfere with cellular repair processes, mechanisms increasingly suspected to play a role in neurodegenerative disease.

In this Alpine village, which is home to a ski resort, false morels were not eaten once or twice. They were consumed seasonally, often year after year, prepared according to traditional methods believed to reduce toxicity but not fully eliminate it. The study suggests that this pattern of repeated low-dose exposure may be particularly relevant.

One of the most important conclusions of the research is what it does not support. ALS in this community does not appear to be primarily genetic.

The vast majority of ALS cases worldwide are classified as sporadic, meaning they are not caused by inherited mutations. This study reinforces that understanding. However, genetics still played a role in how individuals responded to environmental toxins.

Many ALS patients in the village were found to have slow- or intermediate-acetylator profiles, linked to variations in the NAT2 gene. People with these metabolic traits process certain toxins more slowly, allowing harmful byproducts to persist longer in the body. This helps explain why some individuals became ill while others, exposed to similar environments, did not.

Rather than genetics causing ALS directly, the findings point to a gene–environment interaction, where biology influences vulnerability to external exposures.

A pattern beyond one village

The French findings are not isolated. Similar concerns about hydrazine-containing mushrooms have been documented in North America, including a recent long-term assessment of mushroom poisonings in Michigan. Earlier studies in France also identified ALS clusters linked to genotoxic fungi, reinforcing the idea that repeated dietary exposure deserves serious attention.

Researchers are careful not to claim that false morels alone cause ALS. Toxin levels vary widely between species and even within individual mushrooms. Still, the accumulating evidence suggests that some traditional foraging practices may carry neurological risks that were previously underestimated.

Other factors that could have contributed to the onset of disease is high levels of athleticism, tobacco smoking, and exposure to chemicals (like Snomax used for snowmaking) were mentioned in the study.

Public discussion of ALS often centers on genetics or well-known figures living with the disease, including Israeli-American entrepreneur Jon Medved, who has spoken openly about his diagnosis. Like most ALS cases, Medved’s is not genetic, underscoring how urgently researchers need to understand environmental contributors. Some of the companies he’s help find as an early stage investor might help solve the questions.

Recent studies increasingly frame ALS as an exposome-related disease, shaped by a lifetime of interactions with chemicals, pollutants, dietary compounds, and naturally occurring toxins. These influences may accumulate silently for decades before symptoms appear. That’s why we need to avoid pesticides and microplastics as much as possible from an early age.

What the Alpine village teaches us

The French Alpine study does not offer a simple explanation or a single culprit. What it offers instead is something more valuable: a realistic picture of how everyday exposures, cultural practices, and biological vulnerability can intersect.

ALS may not arise from one dramatic event, but from many small ones over time. In that sense, the story of this village is less about mushrooms alone, and more about how closely human health is tied to the environments we inhabit, harvest from, and trust.

___

In the scientific literature the French village is often referred to as Montchavin (Tarentaise Valley) rather than being named prominently in headlines, but this is the community where researchers identified the ALS cluster linked to repeated consumption of false morels (Gyromitra species) in multiple studies by Lagrange, Vernoux, Camu, and colleagues.

The Line’s 15 minute city failure and the limits of green futurism

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The Line, Neom, rendering, vertical city
Rending of The Line, near the Red Sea

Dreaming big is good. It gives us something to strive for. But calling failed projects sustainable from the outset is pitfall that architects should avoid. For years, Saudi Arabia’s vision for The Line — a 120-mile mirrored city slicing through the desert — was marketed as the future of sustainable urban living. No cars. No emissions. Everything within five minutes. A climate-friendly city built from scratch.

But as a sweeping investigation by the Financial Times now documents, The Line has collided head-on with something no amount of ambition can override: physics, finance, and ecological reality.

Entrance to the city from the Red Sea
Entrance to the city from the Red Sea

According to the FT’s reporting, based on interviews with more than 20 former architects, engineers, and executives, the project unravelled under the weight of its own contradictions. They spoke anonymously for fears of lawsuits. A quick digging into PR and you can find which ones readily took the money and tried to make the idiotic project come to life. Costs for the “eco” city ballooned into the trillions, engineering assumptions failed the most basic stress tests, and foreign investment never arrived at the scale Saudi planners expected.

A section from The Line, Saudi Arabia, a 15 minute-city, rendering shown in Riyadh
The Line, a rendering of a 15 minute city

One former architect recalled warning leadership that suspending a 30-storey structure upside-down above a marina could turn it into a “pendulum” — swaying, accelerating, and eventually failing by dropping into the marina. Another described sewage systems that required hundreds of shuttle cars to move waste uphill because gravity no longer worked in a vertical fantasy city. Even flushing a toilet became a design problem. That’s what happens at Burj in the UAE where poop trucks need to unload the sewage daily.

At the center of The Line and the Neom project stood Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, whose vision for Neom was intended to catapult the kingdom beyond oil and into a post-carbon future. Yet the investigation shows how dissent was discouraged, timelines were politically fixed, and feasibility studies were often replaced by renderings.

Green on the Surface, Fragile Underneath

Children look at model of The Line, a 15-minute city part of Neom, Saudi Arabia
A 15 minute city, 120 miles long

From a climate perspective, the cracks run deeper. The FT reports that building just the first 20 modules of The Line would have required more cement annually than France produces, and up to 60% of global green steel capacity — a sobering reminder that “green” materials are not infinite. Cement is definitely not a sustainable building material. When a single project distorts global supply chains, sustainability claims begin to ring hollow.

Urban planners have long warned that megaprojects often fail not because of lack of technology, but because they ignore human behavior and ecological limits. The late urbanist Jane Jacobs famously argued that cities thrive through incremental complexity, not total control. The Line attempted the opposite: a sealed, pre-engineered world with no room for organic growth.

Ecologists raised additional alarms. Bird migration experts cited by BirdLife International flagged the mirrored wall as a potential mass-collision hazard for millions of birds moving along the East Africa–West Asia flyway — an issue that design tweaks like dotted glass could not realistically solve.

A Pattern We’ve Seen Before

Masdar Incubator Building, Foster & Partners, clean tech, free economic zone, green design, Masdar City, Abu Dhabi
Masdar City was supposed to be the world’s first zero waste city. It’s basically offices and show-room now.

This is not the first time a futuristic desert city promised sustainability and delivered disruption instead. From Egypt’s stalled administrative capital to past “eco-cities” in China that never filled with people, the lesson repeats: cities are living systems, not machines.

It’s a useful contrast to projects like Masdar’s eco-city experiment in Abu Dhabi, which has evolved in fits and starts over time—more incremental, less totalizing than a single, 120 mile gesture. Green Prophet covered Masdar early on, including its first 500 homes. We’ve been there, we’ve seen the spectacle.

The world needs more sustainable architects like Ronak Roshan who sees the location, the land, and the people.

The FT notes that Saudi Arabia has already spent over $50 billion, with much of the construction now slowed or paused. People already living in villages nearby have been killed, arrested for life, with a few on death row. What remains are colossal foundations, excavated deserts, displaced communities, and a scaled-down ambition that bears little resemblance to the original vision.

The Line construction from space in 2023
The Line construction from space in 2023

The failure of The Line is not a failure of imagination. It is a failure of restraint by western architects and planners who go along with the charade. Who is holding these firms accountable? This is actually a reasonable kind of project for the UN to take on and challenge.

Climate-resilient futures will not be built by single, monumental gestures, but by repairing existing cities, restoring ecosystems, and working with land rather than against it. The most sustainable city is rarely the one that looks most radical in a rendering.

As one urban expert quoted by the FT put it bluntly: “As a thought experiment, great. But don’t build thought experiments.

Related reading on Green Prophet:
Saudi Arabia’s energy-water nexus meets Vision 2030 (NEOM and giga-project context)
NEOM’s Aquellum and the weekly “fantasy” cycle of desert futurism
A Middle East biodiversity corridor: birds helping Israel, Jordan, and Palestine cooperate

Mandi, Fragrant Yemenite Chicken With Golden Rice

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Mandi Yemenite chicken with ricd

This is a luxurious recipe that requires a taste for exotic flavors, and willingness to see it through its stages. It’s based on the dark meat of chicken, not an expensive ingredient, yet makes a luscious, aromatic, festive dish. With fried onions, almonds and raisins to garnish, it’s divine; a savory feast with little pops of sweetness from the raisins, piled onto a platter of golden rice.

Mandi expresses the sensuous craft of Middle Eastern cooks who take traditional ingredients to their fullest delicious potential. For the adventurous Western cook, it’s worth buying the spices needed here, not only for this one recipe, but because once you’ve savored them, you’ll want to cook with them again and again.

Start by assembling the spices for the Hawaij spice blend (ingredients listed below). Toast them briefly in a dry skillet, then crush them to a powder in a coffee or spice grinder. Marinate the chicken pieces in a paste of Hawaij, turmeric, salt and olive oil. Leave the well-massaged chicken in the fridge overnight optimally – although in a pinch, 1 hour will do.

About 2 hours before you intend to serve, proceed to the next stages. Don’t be intimidated by the length of the instructions: they’re all simple steps. Follow the recipe in the order laid out below for greatest ease.

You will need an electric spice grinder; if none available, use powdered spices (not traditional but more realistic ); a skillet, a large pot, and a rack that fits into the pot for steaming the chicken. The author suggest using a wire trivet such as those that come with instant pots, if no other rack available. You’ll also need a baking tray and if possible, a rack to fit over it.

Mandi, Spiced Yemenite Chicken on Golden Rice

Course Main Course
Cuisine Middle Eastern
Servings 4

Ingredients
  

For the Hawaij Spice Blend

  • 2 teaspoons whole coriander seeds or 1 teaspoon ground
  • 1 teaspoon whole cloves or 1/2 teaspoon ground cloves
  • 6 green cardamom pods or 1 teaspoon ground cardamom
  • 1.5 teaspoons cumin seeds or 1 teaspoon ground cumin
  • 1 cinnamon stick or 1 teaspoon ground cinnamon
  • 1 teaspoon whole black peppercorns
  • 1/2 teaspoon turmeric powder

For the Chicken

  • 4 whole chicken thigh and drumstick pieces skin on, bone in
  • Hawaij spice mix
  • 2 tablespoons olive oil for marinade
  • 1.5 teaspoons kosher salt or 1 teaspoon table salt

For the Rice

  • 3 cups basmati rice
  • 3 bay leaves
  • 2 teaspoons spice mix from the Hawaij spice blend
  • 5 teaspoon turmeric
  • 1/2 teaspoon saffron strands plus 2 tablespoons hot water (optional)
  • 3 dried limes optional
  • 1 teaspoon salt
  • 4.5 cups water and broth see instructions below
  • 1 cup vegetable oil for frying onions

For the Garnish

  • 4 small onions or 2 large onions
  • 1/4 cup slivered almonds or cashew nut halves
  • 1/4 cup raisins
  • 1 tablespoon olive oil
  • Optional: 1/2 cup chopped parsley

Instructions
 

The Day Before:

  • Make the Hawaij spice blend Using whole spices
  • Place all the spices except for the turmeric in a small skillet. Toast on medium heat for 1-2 minutes, stirring constantly to avoid burning. Remove them from the heat as soon as the fragrance rises.
  • Allow the spices a few minutes to cool, then grind until powdered.
  • If using ground spices, reduce the quantities as indicated in the recipe.
  • Set aside 2 teaspoons from the spice mix in a separate small bowl or jar; this will flavor the rice later.
  • Stir in 1/4 teaspoon turmeric to the remainder of the spice mix, with 1-1/2 teaspoons kosher salt. Add 2 tablespoons olive oil and stir well to make a paste. This is the marinade for the chicken.
  • Massage the oily spice blend onto the chicken pieces thoroughly.
  • Place the marinated chicken in an airtight container and marinate overnight, or 1 hour in a pinch.

The Next Day

  • Fry the Onions
  • Slice the onions thinly.
  • Heat 1 cup of vegetable oil in a large pot.
  • Fry the onions over medium heat, stirring often, 10-15 minutes. Remove them from the heat when they’re golden; don’t let them frizzle.
  • Leave the oil and about 3 tablespoons of the fried onions in the pot for steaming the chicken later.
  • Drain the remaining fried onions on paper towels. Set aside to garnish the finished dish.
  • Cook the Chicken
  • To the pot with the fried onions and oil inside, add the Hawaij spice mix that was set aside for the rice.
  • Carefully pierce the optional dry limes a couple of times using a sharp knife. Add them to the pot. Add the bay leaves.
  • Stir everything in the oil on medium heat for a few minutes.
  • Add 2 cups of water.
  • Place the rack or trivet in the pot. Place the marinated chicken pieces on the rack.
  • Close the pot lid and steam the chicken for 50 minutes on medium heat. Check it every 10 minutes to ensure there is enough water. Add more if it looks like it’s drying up.
  • There will be a certain amount of broth in the pot. Reserve the broth.
  • Remove the chicken to a baking tray; if possible on a wire rack.
  • Brush with 1 tablespoon olive oil and bake for 20 minutes at 400F.
  • Put the chicken aside, covered. There will be one more step with the chicken 5 minutes before serving.

Time-Saving Steps

  • Prep the rice and the garnish while the chicken steams.
  • Wash the rice until the water runs clear. Cover with water and soak for 10 minutes
  • Optional (and delicious) saffron: In a mortar and pestle, grind the saffron to a fine powder. Lacking mortar and pestle, coarsely crush the saffron threads with a rolling pin on top of a chopping block or other surface that can take the blows.
  • Soak the saffron in 2 tablespoons of hot water and let it bloom 5 minutes.
  • Prepare the almond/raisin Garnish:
  • Fry the almonds on medium heat with 1 tablespoon olive oil. Stir continuously to avoid scorching. Remove to a bowl when golden.
  • Add the raisins to the skillet and toast for 2 minutes. Combine with the almonds.

Now Cook the Rice:

  • When the chicken has steamed and cooked through, strain the broth remaining from the steaming.
  • Use a measuring cup to measure out how much broth you have. Add water to get exactly 4-1/2 cups of liquid.
  • Pour the liquid back into the same pot. Add to it the 1-1/2 teaspoons turmeric, the salt and the bloomed saffron in its water. Taste for salt; adjust if needed. Allow the liquid to come to a boil.
  • Add the rice to the broth/water and stir a few times to combine. Allow it to come to a boil again, uncovered, for a few minutes. Keep the heat at medium.
  • Place a paper towel on top of the pot and then cover it with the lid. The paper towel absorbs some of the steam, the result being rice cooked through with separate grains. Lower the heat to minimum. Cook for 20 minutes, undisturbed.
  • After 20 minutes, turn the heat off and fluff the rice with a fork. Put the lid back on the pot, minus the paper towel. Let it to stand 10 minutes.

Last Step For the Chicken:

  • Broil the chicken for 5 minutes until golden brown. Remove and keep warm.

To Assemble:

  • Spread the yellow rice on a large platter.
  • Over the rice spread half the fried onions, almonds and raisins.
  • Place the the chicken on top, then add the remaining fried onions, raisins and almonds. Garnish with chopped parsley if desired.

Notes

Dry limes and saffron are optional, but highly recommended for the full traditional flavor.
Keyword chicken, rice

Now serve this luscious dish to people you love.

Turkey named as climate change COP31 home in 2026

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 Murat Kurum as President-Designate of COP31
Murat Kurum as President-Designate of COP31

The announcement of Murat Kurum as President-Designate of COP31 marks a pivotal moment for global climate diplomacy and for Turkey’s evolving role on the international climate stage.

With COP31 expected to be held in Antalya, climate negotiations move into the Mediterranean basin—one of the fastest-warming regions on Earth. Turkey is already confronting the front-line impacts of climate change: prolonged droughts stressing water systems, intensifying wildfires, severe flooding from extreme rainfall, coastal erosion, and growing pressure on food, energy, and urban infrastructure. Hosting COP31 places these lived realities at the center of global decision-making.

Related: Turkey is building new nuclear reactors as Germany shuts down its last one

Turkey occupies a unique geopolitical and economic position. As a G20 economy and a bridge between Europe, Asia, and the Middle East, it sits at the intersection of climate vulnerability and climate opportunity. It is both an emerging economy still expanding its energy and industrial base, and a country increasingly aware that resilience, adaptation, and sustainability are no longer optional—they are economic and social imperatives. It has also been a rising threat to global stability as it’s given refuge to the Muslim Brotherhood and Hamas militants. Every hotel and many restaurants in Turkey require you to go through weapons detections devices.

In recent years, Turkey has made tangible contributions to climate action. The country has rapidly scaled renewable energy capacity, particularly in solar, wind, and geothermal power, while reducing reliance on imported fossil fuels. It has launched nationwide zero-waste initiatives, invested in climate-resilient urban transformation, and prioritized disaster preparedness following increasingly frequent climate-linked extreme events.

Under Murat Kurum’s leadership, urban resilience, energy-efficient buildings, and sustainable land use have become core elements of environmental policy. But they still killed 4 million dogs this past year. Like it’s always been, Turkey is between the old and the new, the east and the west. 

Balat, Istanbul

Related: Explore Balat, once a Jewish neighborhood in Istanbul

COP31 in Antalya offers an opportunity to re-center global climate talks on implementation. The road from COP30 to COP31 will be defined by delivery—turning national commitments into real emissions reductions, adaptation projects, and financing mechanisms that reach vulnerable communities. Turkey is well positioned to help bridge long-standing divides between developed and developing countries, between ambition and affordability, and between mitigation and adaptation.

As COP31 President-Designate, Murat Kurum’s role will be to help shift the global climate agenda from negotiation fatigue to measurable progress. For Turkey, hosting COP31 is a chance to demonstrate leadership grounded in pragmatism, regional solidarity, and real-world solutions—showing that climate action can strengthen economies, protect communities, and accelerate a fairer, more resilient development path.The world’s journalists will be there and hopefully with a watchful eye.

Dubai developer uproots ancient Italian olive trees, $270,000 USD each for “eco” project

Olive trees are uprooted from Europe to be planted in treeless Dubai

In another case of dubious Dubai, a UAE developer is making an ecological housing project and is advertising that they are uprooting ancient olive trees from the Mediterranean to plant in Dubai. We see what happens to trees planted in Dubai and then neglected. There is something deeply wrong with calling the uprooting of ancient olive trees “eco,” no matter how many studies are cited or how softly the word wellness is whispered into the sales brochure.

When Mediterranean olive trees—some said to be up to 2,500 years old—are lifted from their ancestral soil in Spain and Italy and shipped to Dubai to decorate a luxury development, this is not sustainability. It is ecological displacement dressed up as design. East tree is reported to have cost about $270,000 USD. So who is selling them?

Related: See what happens when millions of trees in Dubai are not watered

Water turned off in Abu Dhabi desert tree experiment (photo)

These trees are not ornaments but are living archives. Many took root around the time of Ancient Greece, long before real estate prospectuses and infinity pools. Olive trees anchor soil, sustain biodiversity, and hold cultural memory. They belong to landscapes shaped by centuries of climate, wind, microbes, and human care. Their value is not measured in dirhams.

Related: The value of an ancient olive tree in Israel

The idea that a tree costing AED 1 million somehow justifies its relocation is the logic of extraction, not regeneration.

Developments like MAG’s Keturah Reserve—rising in Mohammed Bin Rashid City—lean heavily on the language of biophilic design and mental wellbeing, and even point to a study on how trees are good for people. Yes, people thrive when connected to nature. But whose nature? And at what cost?

The developers say that they are going to bring the trees to their project Keturah Reserve, an apartment complex of the 533 low-rise apartments, 93 townhouses and 90 villas.

Uprooted olive trees to be planted in the sky

Flying centuries-old trees across continents via specialized cargo burns enormous fossil fuels. Replanting them in a desert climate—no matter how advanced the irrigation or “heritage preservation techniques”—places immense stress on organisms that evolved for Mediterranean seasons, soils, and rainfall patterns. And we’ve seen that the UAE is not capable of taking care of trees so survival rates are uncertain. Long-term ecological function is compromised. And the original landscapes are left poorer, stripped of irreplaceable elders.

“Every element enhances sustainability and harmony with the environment, so residents will thrive,” said Talal M. Al Gaddah, CEO and Founder of the Keturah luxury brand. “They bring history, calm, and a sense of permanence,” said Talal, who has conceived to build a natural gallery (Joni Mitchell called it a Tree Museum), where a forest of trees from around the world blend with art installations and sculptural dry gardens, just a short drive from Downtown Dubai.

This is not harmony with the environment but ecological laundering.

True biophilic design does not begin with removal. It begins with respect. If developers genuinely care about wellbeing, they would invest in native desert ecologies—ghaf trees, indigenous shrubs, living shade systems—species adapted to place, water scarcity, and heat. They would restore land rather than import symbolism.

Ancient olive trees should remain where they stand, rooted among the communities, farmers, birds, fungi, and histories that shaped them. They are not transferable assets. They are not centerpieces. They are elders.

“Money can buy old things, But it cannot give you a history and culture that was never yours to begin with.
People have rotted in prisons for smuggling antiquities less than half the age of those trees,” says Michael James, a fruit tree grafting expert in the US.

Brigitte Bardot dies but her legacy of animal rights lives on

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Brdigette Bardot and her dogs
Bridgette Bardot and her dogs

 

Brigitte Bardot, who died today at the age of 91, will be remembered not only as one of the most recognizable film stars of the 20th century, but the chain-smoking French actress was also a tireless advocate for animals. Long after she stepped away from cinema, Bardot devoted her life, resources, and public voice to protecting animals—especially pets and vulnerable wildlife—at a time when few public figures were willing to do so.

Bardot retired from acting in 1973, at the height of her fame, and redirected her energy toward animal welfare. In 1986, she founded the Brigitte Bardot Foundation, which became the central vehicle for her work. The foundation focused on preventing cruelty to animals, supporting shelters, rescuing abused pets, and campaigning against practices that caused unnecessary suffering.

Bridgette Bardot championed animal rights
Brigitte Bardot and her book

Much of Bardot’s activism centered on companion animals. She was a vegetarian and repeatedly spoke out against the abandonment and mistreatment of dogs and cats, supported spay-and-neuter programs, and funded shelters across France and abroad.

Related: Turkey kills millions of dogs

At a time when pet welfare was often treated as a private issue rather than a social responsibility, Bardot helped push it into the public conversation.

Bridget Bardot

Her celebrity played a crucial role. Bardot used her global recognition to draw attention to issues that were easy to ignore, giving animal protection visibility it had rarely enjoyed before. Media coverage of her campaigns brought animal welfare into living rooms around the world, influencing public attitudes and helping normalize the idea that animals deserve care, protection, and dignity.

While Bardot was not an environmentalist in the modern sense, her work helped shape the ethical foundation on which today’s environmental and sustainability movements stand. Caring for animals—especially pets—created an emotional bridge between people and the natural world, reinforcing the idea that human responsibility extends beyond ourselves.

Bridget Bardot

Related: She rescues animals from Bethlehem and Ramallah

For millions, Brigitte Bardot’s most enduring legacy may not be on film, but in the lives of animals who were seen, protected, and cared for because she refused to look away.

Brigette Bardot protesting the seal hunt
Brigette Bardot protesting the seal hunt

10 Proven Israeli Technologies to Help Somaliland Build Food, Water, and Energy Security

Karin Kloosterman, entrepreneur, founder of flux, and Green Prophet
Growing food on a rooftop using Israeli greenhouse technology: Karin Kloosterman

Israel’s water and agricultural technologies didn’t emerge from ideal conditions. They were developed under pressure: low rainfall, saline water, political isolation, lack of energy resources, and the constant need to feed a growing population with limited land. Over the years, I’ve written about many of these companies not as miracle-makers, but as problem-solvers. That’s what makes them relevant to places like Somaliland. Israel was the first country in the world to recognize Somaliland as an independent state although Ethiopia has been treating the nation as such for decades.

Below are 10 technologies, and the Israeli companies behind them, that could realistically support Somaliland’s long-term food, water, and energy resilience.

drip irrigation technology, stockholm international water institute, industry water award, agriculture, water scarcity, Middle East, Israel, Netafim
Netafim pipes snake through farmer’s fields and deliver water and nutrients right at the root base

The first is drip irrigation, pioneered by Netafim, founded in the 1960s on Kibbutz Hatzerim after engineer Simcha Blass noticed that slow, targeted watering produced healthier plants. Netafim’s systems are now used worldwide to cut water use while increasing yields, especially in dry regions.

Closely related is low-pressure irrigation and fertigation, advanced by companies like NaanDanJain and Rivulis. These systems work well for smallholder farmers, allowing nutrients and water to be delivered together with minimal waste.

For water supply, desalination technology developed by IDE Technologies has transformed Israel’s water security. While IDE is best known for large plants, the company has also developed smaller-scale systems suitable for coastal communities, which could be relevant for Somaliland’s long shoreline.

In parallel, solar-powered water pumping systems—used widely in Israel’s peripheral regions—can replace diesel pumps. While not a single-company solution, Israeli integrators often combine solar technology from firms like SolarEdge with water systems to power wells, treatment units, and irrigation without fuel imports.

solaredge, solar energy, Israel hightech, cleantech
SolarEdge under the hood

Another promising approach is wastewater reuse, an area where Israel leads globally. Municipal-scale treatment combined with agricultural reuse has been refined through decades of practice, with engineering firms and public utilities supporting reuse rates that reach nearly 90 percent. Scaled-down versions of these systems could help Somaliland’s towns reuse water safely rather than losing it entirely.

In agriculture, greenhouse and net-house farming has been advanced by Israeli companies such as Hishtil, which supplies seedlings and controlled-growing solutions designed for heat and water stress. These systems allow year-round production of vegetables with far less water than open-field farming.

Precision agriculture has also become more accessible through Israeli startups like CropX and Phytech, which use soil sensors and plant data to tell farmers exactly when to irrigate. Even basic versions of these tools can significantly reduce water waste.

Cropx irrigation
An early version of the CropX irrigation hardware controller in the field

On the seed side, Israeli breeders such as Hazera and Zeraim Gedera (now part of Syngenta) have developed heat- and drought-tolerant vegetable varieties suited for semi-arid climates. Crop genetics matter as much as irrigation in a warming world.

Food loss after harvest is another overlooked challenge. Israeli cold-chain innovations, including solar-powered cold rooms used across Africa, help reduce spoilage and increase farmer incomes. These systems don’t require a national grid and can be deployed at cooperative or village scale.

Finally, there is knowledge transfer, often the most underestimated technology of all. Israel’s international development agency MASHAV has trained tens of thousands of farmers and water managers worldwide through hands-on programs focused on dryland agriculture, water reuse, and cooperative farming. Technology adoption succeeds when training is local, practical, and gradual.

None of these tools promise instant prosperity. But together, they form a practical toolkit shaped by environments not unlike Somaliland’s own. In a region too often discussed only through politics or security, focusing on water, food, and energy systems offers a quieter, more durable path forward.

Dragon fruit health benefits

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Dragon fruit is full antioxidants

Dragon fruit used to feel like a traveler’s fruit, something you’d find in a far east market that sells Pad Thai and bags of pickled grasshoppers, eaten with a stick.  Now it’s turning up everywhere. I see it stacked neatly in Canadian and American supermarkets, tucked into smoothies in California cafés, and increasingly in Eastern Mediterranean markets where it once felt exotic and rare. It has been turning up in our weekly CSA box and my daughter asks for them now as much as my son wants apples.

It looks beautiful, with tiny kiwi-like seeds on the inside, its taste somewhat bland in comparison. You’ll find the insides in a shocking hot pink, white or yellow. So yeah –– part of its appeal is visual. Dragon fruit looks like it was designed by a poet with a sense of humor. But it’s the inside that matters, and that’s where this fruit earns its place as a superfruit.

Dragon fruit is also known by several other names depending on where you encounter it. In much of the US and Latin America it’s commonly called pitaya or pitahaya, terms you’ll often see used interchangeably with dragon fruit on market labels. Botanically, the fruit comes from a cactus sometimes referred to as night-blooming cereus, a nod to the plant’s dramatic flowers that open after dark. Older or poetic names like strawberry pear, belle of the night, or queen of the night still appear occasionally, though today dragon fruit and pitaya are the names most shoppers recognize.

Dragon fruit is rich in antioxidants, fiber, vitamins, and minerals, while staying low in calories. It’s one of those foods that manages to feel indulgent while doing something genuinely useful for the body. Like cucumbers.

The deep red and pink varieties contain healthful betalains and flavonoids, compounds that help neutralize free radicals and reduce inflammation. These antioxidants are linked to lower risks of chronic diseases, including heart disease and certain cancers. Vitamin C adds another layer of immune support, especially welcome in winter months when fresh fruit choices can feel limited.

Fiber is where dragon fruit really shines. It contains both soluble and insoluble fiber, which means it helps digestion in more than one way. Insoluble fiber keeps things moving, while soluble fiber feeds beneficial gut bacteria, strengthening digestion and immunity from the inside out. People watching blood sugar levels often appreciate dragon fruit for the same reason; fiber slows sugar absorption and may help reduce insulin resistance over time.

There’s also a quiet mineral richness here. Magnesium supports muscle function and sleep. Calcium and phosphorus contribute to bone health. Iron, especially when paired with vitamin C, supports oxygen flow in the body. None of this is flashy, but together it makes dragon fruit feel like a thoughtful food, one that supports the body without demanding attention.

I like dragon fruit most when it’s not overworked. Fresh slices in half with a squeeze of lime and a spoon to dig it out are enough. But one recipe surprised me, and it’s now become a favorite way to serve it to guests who think they already know this fruit.

Can you cook dragon fruit?

The health benefits of dragon fruit
The health benefits of dragon fruit

Take ripe red dragon fruit and cut it into thick cubes. Toss gently with a drizzle of olive oil, a pinch of flaky salt, and a squeeze of lemon. Roast it briefly in a hot oven, just until the edges caramelize slightly. Let it cool, then scatter over labneh or thick Greek yogurt. Finish with cracked black pepper, fresh mint, and a few toasted pumpkin seeds. The heat deepens the fruit’s sweetness, the salt pulls it into savory territory, and suddenly dragon fruit feels less like a smoothie ingredient and more like a grown-up dish.

Perhaps that’s why it’s showing up more often now. As markets globalize and palates mature, we’re learning to see familiar foods in new ways. Dragon fruit no longer feels like a novelty.

Ethiopians are Looking to Somaliland for Red Sea Access as Global Powers Move In

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Israel was the first to recognize Somaliland, something that Ethiopia has been quietly supporting for eyears
Israel was the first to recognize Somaliland, something that Ethiopia has been quietly supporting for years. Image from Crea

When we traveled through Ethiopia last year (see our article on Wenchi Lake ecoreserve), this question came up again and again: Ethiopia is landlocked.

What surprised me wasn’t the frustration. It was how many Ethiopians openly welcomed closer ties with Somaliland as a practical way forward. This matters more now as Qatar, a state sponsor of terror, and China expand their influence across Ethiopia, investing in infrastructure, finance, and political relationships. With that growing presence you can see everywhere from Al Jazeera playing at every hotel to hundreds of unfinished Chinese infrastructure projects, the question of trade routes, ports, and national leverage has become more urgent, and more public.

In January 2024, Ethiopia and Somaliland signed a Memorandum of Understanding that could reshape the Horn of Africa. Under the MoU, Ethiopia would gain access to Somaliland’s coastline for commercial shipping and possibly a naval facility, in return for Ethiopia agreeing to consider formal recognition of Somaliland’s independence. It’s not finalized, and it’s not without controversy, but it’s real. Yemen’s Houthis have been destabilizing the region since the 90s. They fire on passing oil tankers and they celebrate when Somali pirates capture ships passing through the Red Sea to the Suez Canal, a manmade shipping lane that cuts through Egypt.

Related: Somali pirates like to steal oil tankers.

Ethiopia has been landlocked since Eritrea’s independence in the early 1990s. Since then, nearly all imports and exports have flowed through Djibouti, creating vulnerability and cost. Over the past decade, Ethiopia has quietly increased its use of Berbera Port, the commercial capital of Somaliland, which has expanded and modernized enough to handle serious trade volumes. Ethiopia has also inflamed tensions with Egypt since building the GERD, a hydro-electric power plant at the source of the Nile river.

Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam, GERD Ethiopia, Blue Nile hydroelectric project, Ethiopia Nile River dam, Africa’s largest dam, Ethiopian hydropower, GERD water security, Nile River dispute, Ethiopia Egypt Sudan water conflict, renewable energy Ethiopia
Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) on the Blue Nile — Africa’s largest hydroelectric project reshaping East Africa’s power supply and sparking regional water security debates.

Somaliland, for its part, has operated as a de facto independent state since 1991. It has its own government, elections, currency, and security forces. It’s often described as one of the more stable and democratic political systems in the region, despite never being formally recognized internationally.

The MoU builds on years of trade and security cooperation. Ethiopia already relies on Somaliland’s ports. Formalizing that relationship makes economic sense, especially as regional competition intensifies and Red Sea access becomes more strategic for global shipping, energy, and exports. Having more Ethiopian presence in Somaliland, and now Israel, will help fight terror forces such as Al Shabaab, a Sunni Islamist religious extremist group based in Somalia.

Somalia, itself a lawless nation on the verge of becoming a terror state, has strongly opposed the deal, calling it a violation of its territorial integrity. Tensions flared quickly after the MoU was announced, and Ethiopia has since been careful to say that recognition is not immediate and that diplomacy is ongoing. Ethiopia, a predominantly Christian country, has to walk a fine line in order to keep the balance against insurgencies out of its

That caution reflects how complicated this is. Ethiopia wants access to the Red Sea. Somaliland wants recognition. Somalia wants to preserve its territorial claims. And outside actors, including Gulf states and China, are watching closely, each with their own interests.

What stood out during our visit was how openly Ethiopians discussed these tradeoffs. There was no sense of romantic nationalism, just a clear-eyed understanding that ports matter, trade matters, and sovereignty today is tied as much to supply chains as to borders drawn decades ago.

Whether the MoU leads to formal recognition remains uncertain. Regional politics move slowly, and sometimes sideways. But the direction is clear. Ethiopia is looking for options, and Somaliland is no longer viewed simply as a political question, but as a logistical one.

In a world shaped by climate stress, shipping disruptions, and global power competition, access to the sea is not a luxury. It’s infrastructure. And for many Ethiopians we met, working with Somaliland feels less like a provocation, and more like common sense.

Why Israel recognized Somaliland before Ethiopia

A Somaliland woman wearing a hijab with Israel flag
A Somaliland woman wearing a hijab with Israel flag

From conversations we had on the ground last year in Addis, what came through wasn’t uncertainty so much as a careful weighing of risks. Many Ethiopians we spoke with were openly supportive of deeper ties with Somaliland, yet they were equally clear-eyed about why formal recognition hasn’t happened. Ethiopia’s long and sensitive border with Somalia looms large, and recognizing Somaliland would be read in Mogadishu as a direct challenge to Somalia’s territorial integrity.

Every time we left the city our driver needed to check security along the roads as violent insurgencies are common in Ethiopia.

After decades spent trying to prevent further instability along that frontier—while coordinating on security and counter-militancy—few in Addis Ababa see value in provoking a diplomatic rupture at an already fragile moment. But Israel, on the other hand, can do it. Ethiopians already wave the flag of Israel in admiration and see an ancient thread of connection between their two sovereign nations –– back from when their Queen Sheba went to Jerusalem to meet the Jewish King Solomon.

Ethiopians also pointed to a more internal calculation. Ethiopia is a multi-ethnic federation still navigating its own political strains, and formally recognizing a breakaway state elsewhere in Africa risks opening doors Addis Ababa would rather keep closed.

As host of the African Union in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia is also steeped in the long-standing norm of preserving colonial-era borders, however imperfect they may be. For now, the country secures most of what it needs without crossing that line: port access, security cooperation, and deepening trade.

Alphabet buys Intersect Power for $4.5 Billion USD to sustainably power its AI infrastructure

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We think images of data centers and batteries are boring and dull. Here is a photo of Intersect's CEO Kimbal
We think images of data centers and batteries are boring and dull. Here is a photo of Intersect’s CEO Sheldon Kimber instead.

For a long time, large technology companies spoke about renewable energy mostly in terms of climate commitments. And the commitments felt like punishments to all of humanity. Carbon offsets, net-zero timelines, carefully worded sustainability pages. I’ve covered plenty of those announcements over the years, from conference halls and Zoom cals to quiet briefings where the stories always felt more narrative than about opportunity.

We first heard the call about electricity and the Internet around 2005 when people who were starting up websites were expected to use servers powered by renewable energy. We tried but when the wind power failed at a company we chose, our site went down. Electricity is now a practical constraint and a business opportunity.

That shift helps explain why Alphabet, Google’s parent company, has agreed to acquire American renewable energy company Intersect Power in a deal valued at roughly $4.75 billion. It’s a move that reflects a deeper change: technology companies are paying closer attention to the physical systems that support their growth.

Intersect Power is a US-based clean energy developer focused on large solar power plants paired with battery storage. The pairing is important. Solar generation alone is inexpensive but intermittent. Lots of energy can be produced by day and fed to the grid but what isn’t used just disappears. Storage allows energy to be used later, during periods of high demand or grid congestion, rather than only when the sun is shining.

Intersect develops, owns, and operates many of its projects, then sells the electricity through long-term power purchase agreements to utilities or large customers. It’s a familiar infrastructure model, one that prioritizes predictable returns and steady output over experimentation. The early beginnings of this model started around 2007, but the technology of solar energy couldn’t always deliver returns. See how Ivanpah in California was built on promises that are no longer a good business model based on today’s projections.

Ivanpah, CSP plant
Ivanpah was propped up by government grants.

Intersect’s projects are built to power data centers and are concentrated in California, Texas, and parts of the USSouthwest. Anyone who has followed energy reporting in California over the past decade has seen how fragile the system can feel during heatwaves, when demand spikes and grid operators issue warnings. Locating generation and storage close to demand helps reduce stress on those systems.

Today, Intersect operates and is building multiple gigawatts of solar capacity, along with several gigawatt-hours of battery storage. Altogether, it has well over 10 gigawatts of projects operating, under construction, or in development across the United States. That scale places it among the larger independent clean energy developers in the country.

Intersect Power was founded in 2016 by Sheldon Kimber and Luke Dunnington, both coming from energy finance and infrastructure backgrounds. This is typical in solar energy and renewable energy companies as the deals are mostly based on contracts with banks, financing and investors. The company is headquartered in San Francisco, close to both capital markets and the technology firms that increasingly shape electricity demand.

Before the Alphabet deal, Intersect had raised more than $2 billion in equity and project financing from private investors.

According to CEO Kimber, “Intersect will remain Intersect, remaining separate from Alphabet and Google under the Intersect brand, and I’ll continue as CEO.

“When we founded this company in 2016, the goal was to build something durable and to preserve our planet for future generations through innovative energy solutions and modern infrastructure. To ask why not? when the industry reflexively said, that’s not the way it’s done.

“Today, modern energy infrastructure sits at the center of American competitiveness in AI. Power is the bottleneck.

“I’ve always been excited about tackling what comes next. Exploring new technologies. Continuing to accelerate the redesign of an energy infrastructure for the world we actually live in.”

Alphabet’s and Google’s interest in an energy developer isn’t about public messaging. Running large data operations requires steady, uninterrupted electricity and reliable cooling. Delays in grid connections, power shortages, or price volatility can slow expansion plans. I’ve reported before on renewable projects that were technically complete but couldn’t deliver power because transmission simply wasn’t available. Those kinds of bottlenecks are no longer abstract risks.

Owning or controlling access to generation and storage offers a way around some of those constraints. In that sense, Alphabet’s move resembles earlier shifts in the tech sector, when companies moved from renting infrastructure to building and managing it themselves.

Alphabet is not the only firm thinking this way. Microsoft, Amazon, and Meta have all increased their involvement in long-term power contracts and energy development. What has changed is not the technology, but the motivation. Clean energy is now tied closely to reliability, timing, and operational planning, not just emissions targets.

For investors, Intersect Power itself is not publicly traded, and exposure now largely comes through Alphabet. Other options include infrastructure funds, storage-focused energy investments, or companies that supply batteries, power electronics, and grid equipment if you are looking to invest in a meaningful space for 2026.

Ancient air trapped in Canadian salt bubbles foretells climate future

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Microscopic image of fluid inclusions in 1.4-billion-year-old halite crystals, which preserve ancient air and brine. (Justin Park/RPI)
Ancient air caught in salt. Microscopic image of fluid inclusions in 1.4-billion-year-old halite crystals, which preserve ancient air and brine. (Justin Park/RPI)

More than a billion years ago, in a shallow basin in what is now northern Ontario, a subtropical lake—similar to today’s Death Valley—slowly evaporated under the sun’s gentle heat. As the water disappeared it left behind crystals of halite, or rock salt. The world back then was nothing like the one we know today. Bacteria dominated life on Earth. Red algae had only just appeared. Complex plants and animals would not evolve for another 800 million years.

As the lake water concentrated into brine, tiny pockets of liquid and air became trapped inside the growing salt crystals. These microscopic bubbles were sealed off as the crystals were buried under layers of sediment, preserving samples of ancient air and water—unchanged for roughly 1.4 billion years. Until now.

Scientists have been able to analyze the gases and fluids locked inside these ancient salt crystals, effectively pushing our direct record of Earth’s atmosphere back by more than a billion years. By carefully separating air bubbles from the surrounding brine—no easy task—they were able to measure oxygen and carbon dioxide levels from a deep chapter of Earth’s past.

Moroccan laborer harvests red gold algae
Seasonal harvesters of red gold algae in North Africa

Opening these samples is like cracking open air that existed long before dinosaurs, before forests, before animals of any kind. As lead researcher Justin Park put it: “It’s an incredible feeling to crack open a sample of air that’s a billion years older than the dinosaurs.”

The results are striking. Oxygen levels during this period were about 3.7% of today’s atmosphere—surprisingly high, and theoretically enough to support complex animal life, even though such life would not appear until much later.

Related: Living water holds ancient memories in Ontario

Carbon dioxide levels, meanwhile, were about ten times higher than today. This would have helped warm the planet when the sun was much dimmer than it is now, creating a climate not unlike the modern one.

This raises a natural question: if there was enough oxygen to support complex life, why did it take so long for animals to evolve?

The answer may lie in timing. The sample represents only a brief snapshot of a vast stretch of Earth’s history—a period often nicknamed the “boring billion” because of its relative stability and slow evolutionary change. It’s possible the oxygen levels recorded reflect a temporary rise rather than a permanent shift.

“Despite its name, having direct observational data from this period is incredibly important because it helps us better understand how complex life arose on the planet, and how our atmosphere came to be what it is today,” Park said.

Still, having direct evidence from this era is invaluable. It helps scientists understand how Earth’s atmosphere developed and how conditions gradually became suitable for complex life.

Earlier estimates of carbon dioxide from this period suggested much lower levels, which conflicted with geological evidence showing there were no major ice ages at the time. These direct measurements, combined with temperature clues preserved in the salt itself, suggest a milder, more stable climate than previously assumed—perhaps surprisingly similar to today’s.

Notably, red algae emerged around this time and remain a major source of oxygen on Earth. The relatively elevated oxygen levels may reflect their growing presence and increasing biological complexity.

Far from being boring, this moment may represent a quiet but pivotal turning point—one that helped set the stage for the living world we know now.

Sink holes from over-watering farmers’ fields

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Sink holes appearing in Konya, Turkey due to overuse of irrigation water
Sink holes appearing in Konya, Turkey due to overuse of irrigation water. Via Reuters.

Sinkholes are rapidly appearing in Turkey’s central Anatolian farming region, particularly around Konya and Karapınar. These giant gaping holes in the ground in areas of farmland, known locally as obruk, are not random geological events. They are linked to prolonged drought, climate-driven heat stress, and heavy groundwater extraction for agriculture in one of the country’s most important breadbaskets. As rainfall declines and evaporation increases, natural aquifer recharge has slowed, while demand for irrigation water has surged. There are an estimated 700 new sink holes that have popped up this winter, according to Reuters.

Related: Explore Istanbul’s coolest neighborhood Balat

In Konya, large-scale farming relies heavily on groundwater wells. Farmers often respond to drought by pumping more water and overwatering crops, especially where irrigation remains inefficient or poorly regulated. When groundwater is withdrawn faster than it can be replenished, underground cavities lose pressure and stability. Over time, the land above can suddenly collapse, creating sinkholes that damage fields, roads, and infrastructure and threaten lives. Sinks holes have appeared in Iran, and also in Israel in the area of the Dead Sea. A giant sink hole collapsed an entire road in Bangkok, Thailand earlier this year.

Climate change has intensified drought through higher temperatures and shifting rainfall patterns, while decades of groundwater overuse for agriculture have compounded the damage. As in Turkey, farmers often drill deeper wells and irrigate more aggressively during dry years, accelerating aquifer depletion and land subsidence. Scientists warn that this cycle—drought followed by over-pumping—can permanently damage water systems and agricultural viability.

Related: learn more about Tunisia’s lagoons and hanging gardens for sustainable agriculture.

Across Turkey, the Dead Sea basin, and Iran, the lesson is consistent: groundwater is being treated as an endless emergency reserve. In reality, once aquifers are drained or destabilized, the land itself begins to fail. Sinkholes are not just geological curiosities; they are warning signs that climate change, drought, and overwatering are colliding with unsustainable farming practices.

Read more on resource overuse on Green Prophet:

Green Prophet: Turkey’s deadly sinkholes threaten agriculture and people

Green Prophet: Sinkholes and shrinking shores of the Dead Sea

Green Prophet: Land subsidence in Iran is a looming disaster

Luxury tower in Jerusalem ruins its sacred heritage and eco-architects are worried

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A set of luxury towers planned for the Holy City of Jerusalem
A set of luxury towers planned for the Holy City of Jerusalem

In November 2025, entrepreneur Nahum Rosenberger announced plans to develop Israel’s most expensive urban renewal project at the Hasbon (Hesbon) complex in central Jerusalem. The project, with an estimated investment of NIS 3.6 billion (about $1 billion USD), will span about 7 acres and include three high-rise towers of 41, 43, and 45 floors, comprising approximately 950 residential apartments.

Beyond housing, the development will feature extensive mixed-use components, including 8,600 square meters of retail space, 8,300 square meters of office and employment space, around 6,100 square meters of hotel use, and underground parking. Large areas will be dedicated to public use, reflecting the city’s priorities.

A conceptual architectural rendering of a major urban renewal project in a dense city center. Three slender high-rise towers of varying heights rise above a mixed-use podium, surrounded by pedestrian-friendly public spaces.
A conceptual architectural rendering of a major urban renewal project in a dense city center. Three slender high-rise towers of varying heights rise above a mixed-use podium, surrounded by pedestrian-friendly public spaces.

The urban renewal is being managed by Eden, Jerusalem Municipality’s economic development arm. Public-benefit allocations will include a 4,300-square-meter library, auditorium, and laboratories, four kindergarten classrooms, three daycare classrooms, a 600-square-meter synagogue, an 1,800-square-meter sports hall, and a 10-dunam public park. Some of the photos released by the developer are shown here.

The project is designed by the internationally renowned Dutch architecture firm MVRDV, in collaboration with Danish architect Jan Gehl, known for people-centered urban design. The local architectural firm is MAARCS, with landscape architecture by Urbanof (Orbanof), led by Lior Levinger.

A conceptual architectural rendering of a major urban renewal project in a dense city center. Three slender high-rise towers of varying heights rise above a mixed-use podium, surrounded by pedestrian-friendly public spaces.
The lower levels feature retail fronts, cultural buildings, and community facilities that open onto wide plazas and landscaped walkways. Green roofs, trees, and shaded seating areas soften the urban scale, while a large public park extends alongside the complex. The overall scene blends modern glass-and-concrete towers with human-scale streets, emphasizing walkability, community life, and a vibrant mix of housing, work, culture, and leisure.

Once a historic cigarette factory, the Hasbon complex is being transformed into a new, vibrant community and cultural hub in the heart of Jerusalem, aiming to create an innovative urban space that connects community life, culture, and the city center, according to the city, but Israeli-Greek architect Elias Mesinas sees things differently. He writes:

Elias Messinas, Ecoweek
Elias Messinas

Jerusalem is a city whose urban identity was shaped over centuries through a balance between sacred sites, preserved skylines, and community-driven discussion. Today, that balance is being tested. At Hasbon compound, a proposal for a 50-storey three tower luxury development has triggered more than 200 objections from the local community concerned about the project’s scale, shadows, and long-term impact on public space. The issue is not whether Jerusalem should build or densify, but how it should do so, and for whom.

The city inherited from the British Mandate era three “red lines” in planning: protection of the skyline, building in stone, and preserving the valleys. As the city expanded westward with distinctive garden-city neighborhoods, and to the east with massive, dense but low-rise residential complexes, these principles ensured visual harmony with the Old City and the historic neighborhoods and landscapes and a sense of place for the local community. Recent urban-renewal policies — driven by seismic-risk mitigation (Tama 38), demographic projections for population growth, and mass-transit expansion — have challenged these constraints. The result has been a gradual acceptance of planning and zoning schemes previously considered unthinkable for the city, leading to a wave of approvals for high-density high-rise redevelopment for luxury living rather than affordable units, threatening to push long-time residents out of historic neighborhoods through ‘gentrification.’

Foster + Partners in Israel
Orange trees help passively heat and cool in this Foster + Partners sustainable building in Jerusalem.

Over the past three decades, Jerusalem’s Community Councils have played a critical role in engaging residents in planning processes and ensuring that the voice of the community is heard in planning committees. As someone who has served as an urban planner for one of these Councils, I have seen how local knowledge and civic involvement has improved plans, has protected open spaces and old trees, has increased public amenities, and has ensured that neighborhood character is considered.

Further, in 2023, community action even succeeded in rerouting the light rail planned blue line, to ensure that it does not harm the neighborhood but rather serves it. In the past, community advocacy has even succeeded in rejecting international ‘trophy projects,’ from Frank Gehry’s Tolerance Museum to Moshe Safdie’s residential plan in the Judean Hills, and in 2023, MVRDV’s proposal for the President’s Hotel site in historic Talbieh neighborhood: although significantly reduced in height after strong neighborhood objections — a case in which I personally delivered the community’s position to planners and the design team, ultimately, it was canceled and the property sold to another developer.

Foster + Partners Safra brain center Hebrew university
Foster + Partners Safra brain center Hebrew university.

This context is essential for understanding the current Hasbon Square controversy. The site’s planning history began with approval for a single 30-storey tower on the old Pazgaz building in 2021. Over the years, through amendments and increasing developer ambitions, the proposal expanded into a three-tower scheme that now aims to also occupy land of Meir Sherman park – part of Independence park – a public park since 1921. Despite the impressive portfolio of the international teams involved — including architects MVRDV and urban planner Jan Gehl — the plan raises substantive planning concerns, and community objections, primarily about quality public space.

Paz, FIG, food integrated gardens
Integrated food gardens outside the city of Jerusalem

The community objects to the loss of meaningful public space. A significant portion of existing green area – Meir Sherman park – is proposed for development. The remaining open space would spend much of the year in shade due to the towers’ half-kilometer-long shadow — one projected to reach in the afternoon near the Old City walls less than 800 meters away. A public space without sunlight risks becoming symbolic rather than usable, inviting and pleasant.

The community objects to private sky courts labelled as public but inaccessible. Private elevated courtyards dramatically increase the project’s volume and height. Although described in the project documents as ‘public amenities’, these spaces are in fact private, for use by the development tenants only, leaving the local community with only a minimal share of accessible public use — around three percent, and a significantly bigger project.

The community raises objections about a compromised public square, the proposed plaza that sits behind tall structures that block sunlight and intensify winds, raising doubts about whether it will function as a comfortable civic space in Jerusalem’s microclimate, as intended.

Jerusalem Marathon, old city, city of David
Run around the City of David, Jerusalem

The community also objects to surpassing the already dominated skyline of the historic city with high rise development planned or under construction. Breaking the existing policy with a 50-storey development, threatens to further compromise both the city skyline – visible from the public and open spaces in the city.

gazelle in the valley
A gazelle in the Gazelle Valley with Jerusalem in the background

 

The development raises concerns about a high-end real-estate venture that maximizes returns while offering thin layers of “green” or “public” features. The Hasbon project proposed greenery on terraces 50 floors up does not inherently make the project “green,” nor does it justify expanding building rights or increasing the built volume. Similarly, branding shaded plazas as “vibrant” public spaces does not guarantee they will serve their intended users, given the environmental and micro-climatic conditions of public spaces dominated by high-risers. The project, as currently presented, does not adequately reconcile developer objectives with Jerusalem’s civic, environmental, and cultural needs.

This no doubt is a moment of decision. As the objection period comes to a close, the community’s message is consistent and measured: the question is not whether to build, but how to build responsibly and in a way that serves the city and the community. Jerusalem needs seismic reinforcement, affordable housing, and quality public space. But it also needs to preserve the values that make it one of the world’s most cherished cities. Good urban development can achieve both — respecting community, climate, heritage, and daily life.

Jerusalem has repeatedly shown that planning is strongest when residents, professionals, and decision-makers work collaboratively and all voices are heard. The Hasbon development offers an opportunity to reaffirm this approach. A project of this scale should enhance its surroundings, not overwhelm them; it should give more to the city than it takes. The city of Jerusalem and the local community deserve nothing less.

Dark chocolate benefits means slowing aging: make Italian hot chocolate with this recipe

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hot chocolate

Stick to commonsense advice. Eat a balanced diet. Exercise regularly. Don’t smoke. And consume dark chocolate.

A study led by geneticist Dr. Ramy Saad at King’s College, London (KCL), found that higher blood levels of theobromine, an alkaloid found in cocoa beans, matched slower biological aging. Dr. Saad’s research focuses on how molecules influence DNA aging markers in human blood.

Related: Dr. Bronner sends us dark chocolate to review

“This is a very exciting finding, and the next important questions are what is behind this association,” he says.

“Our study finds links between a key component of dark chocolate and staying younger for longer,” adds Professor Jordana Bell, a professor of epigenomics at KCL. We wonder if chocolate camel milk will ever appear in these studies.

Researchers are exploring the possibility that theobromine works together with cocoa flavanols, compounds thought to improve cardiovascular health. Polyphenols, health-boosting compounds that exist in fruit and vegetables, are found in cocoa too, and may be part of the molecular action working to slow aging.

Christina Summers of Brooklyn is on a one-woman crusade to improve the quality of hot chocolate. She imports a thick luscious version from Italy.
Christina Summers of Brooklyn is on a one-woman crusade to improve the quality of hot chocolate. She imports a thick luscious version from Italy.

“This study identifies another molecular mechanism through which naturally occurring compounds in cocoa may support health,” said Dr. Ricardo Costeira, a postdoctoral researcher working at KCL.

An additional PubMed study from 2022 on cardiovascular risk factors on humans and animals suggested that theobromine favorably influences inflammation, high blood pressure, and cholesterol levels.

Study results skew positive for chocolate as a health and life booster, although research is ongoing: laboratory experiments, detailed dietary records, and long-term trials are still ahead to understand how theobromine interacts with human aging.

We simple folk know that lifestyle factors such as diet, exercise, smoking, alcohol consumption and enough sleep naturally affect how a person ages. Others include stress, and home and work satisfaction. And always, genetic factors.

So we can’t control everything that affects how long we live, but we can work on our quality of life. Science gives conditional approval to chocolate – in moderation – as part of a health-boosting diet. And we don’t need research to identify that pop of sensation we get from chocolate as pleasure.

Avoid chocolates heavy in sugar and added fat; they subvert the health benefits you’re looking for. Instead, go with fair-trade, organic chocolate with a high cocoa percentage.

Following is an easy recipe for making hot chocolate at home. Because why pay for commercial chocolate powder when you can save money making your own?

chocolate squares

 

Mix For Hot Chocolate Italian Style

Elegant hot chocolate from a prepared mix.
Prep Time 7 minutes
Cook Time 10 minutes
Servings 1

Ingredients
  

  • 1/2 cup granulated sugar
  • 1 tablespoon cornstarch
  • 3 ounces semi- or bittersweet chocolate roughly chopped
  • 1/2 cup cocoa powder
  • 1/2 teaspoon vanilla extract
  • 1/8 teaspoon fine sea salt
  • 1/8 teaspoon white pepper or cayenne flakes for optional spicy kick

Instructions
 

  • Combine all ingredients in a food processor and blend until powdery.
  • Alternately, grate the chocolate finely and stir it into the remaining ingredients.
  • Heat one cup milk of choice in a saucepan over medium heat until steam rises.
  • Add 3 tablespoons hot cocoa mix.
  • Heat, stirring 1-2 minutes, until the mix is completely dissolved and the cocoa simmers.
  • Serve.

Notes

Store unused dry mix in an airtight jar up to 2 months in a dry place.
This amount of mix makes 9 cups of hot cocoa.Use 3 tablespoons per each cup of cocoa desired.

Here’s to your health!

Oil pollution in Basrah’s soil is 1,200% higher than it should be

A boat sails past the Umm Qasr port near Iraq’s southern port city of Basra. (AFP)
A boat sails past the Umm Qasr port near Iraq’s southern port city of Basra. (AFP)

Soil pollution levels in parts of Basra are 1,200% to 3,300% higher than those typically measured in cities like Toronto or New York, according to new comparative soil data. It’s getting into water.

When ExxonMobil quietly returned to Iraq’s oil fields, signing new agreements tied to the Majnoon field and surrounding infrastructure in late 2025, it was framed as a story of stability. Security concerns once deemed too great were now manageable. Production would rise, pipelines would be upgraded, and jobs would follow.

While the US company promotes its renewed developments in Iraq to extract oil from a field known as “Majnoon”—Arabic for “crazy”—located roughly 50 miles from Basra, a city of five million people, no press release mentions what oil looks like when it enters a glass of water.

Within a five-mile radius of Basra city, oil operations are dominated by the Iraqi state-owned Basra Oil Company and international partners BP–PetroChina at Rumaila and Eni at Zubair. ExxonMobil’s former operations were located farther north and do not sit directly adjacent to the city itself.

 

A map of the oil companies operating around the residential city of Basrah, Iraq

A map of the oil companies operating around the residential city of Basra, Iraq. GREEN PROPHET.

“There is oil in the water, and it’s in the soil. Half of my mother’s brothers—six of them—have cancer, the youngest being 40, with leukemia. This has become normal now. We know that the oil fields just outside Basra are polluting our water and soil, but what can we do?” asks Sara (name changed), a young environmentalist I met in Istanbul.

She asked to remain anonymous, saying it would be dangerous to speak publicly. Pointing to a map, she showed where some of the world’s largest oil companies—such as BP and Eni—are drilling close to city limits in Basra, indicating areas where cancer rates are highest. She said no local researchers will touch the subject that children in these areas are dying from leukemia. She knows some of them.

“I sent my sisters to study in Istanbul so they can be far away from this pollution,” she told me, pointing to her sisters we are sitting with at the shisha cafe.

“We know that there are high levels of levels of cancer in Basra and it’s known that oil is in the tap water. Of course I don’t clean my dishes with the water but we do use it for clothes and showering. Farmers use the water even though it’s not safe. Don’t clean dishes. Children living next to the oilfield in the area of Rumalia, with estimates of cancer being 20% higher than the rest of the country. Some kids are living within a mile of the oil drills which is not normal.”

Rumaila is known locally as the “cemetery” for the high rates of cancer and disease among the population, left in the dark without resources despite supporting the lucrative oil fields nearby.

Rumaila oil field houses a population of x, it's a half hour drive to Basra
Rumaila oil field houses a population of several thousands, and it’s a half hour drive to Basra. This area is primarily known for its massive oil field and the surrounding communities in the Basra Governorate. Estimates suggest around 7,000 to 10,000 residents in the immediate villages are served by local health clinics. It’s known as a shadow town because it is cut off from basic services and also for it being a living cemetery due to health problems from oil pollution. The oil field itself employs a large workforce of approximately 8,200 people, most of whom are Iraqi nationals.
Rumaila oil field houses a population of x, it's a half hour drive to Basra
Rumaila oil field houses a population of about 8,000.

“Children living next to the Rumaila oil field get cancer,” says Sara. “There are babies being born with cancer. My friend works at the government owned chemical company that processes oil. Her 5 year-old sister died of cancer. She was playing outside and fell on her eyes when they found the tumor. She died a year later.”

The Majnoon Oil Field is a super-giant oil field located about 60 kilometers from Basra in southern Iraq. It is one of the world’s richest oilfields, with estimated reserves of roughly 38 billion barrels.

The Majnoon Oil Field is a super-giant oil field located about 60 kilometers from Basra in southern Iraq. It is one of the world’s richest oilfields, with estimated reserves of roughly 38 billion barrels. Its name, Majnoon—Arabic for “crazy”—refers to the unusually high concentration of oil in a relatively small area.

How do people in Basra cope? It is a mix of avoiding drinking the water and giving up. The water is still used to wash clothes, clean dishes, shower, and water gardens.

Cancer is no longer whispered, it is assumed.

The BBC has reported extensively on soaring cancer rates in southern Iraq, particularly in Basra, where decades of oil extraction, gas flaring, industrial runoff, and war debris have combined into what doctors describe as an environmental health emergency. While doctors point to gas flaring, our source says oil contamination in water and soil may now be the greater concern. Flaring can be reduced around city centers (although data shows that is it only growing in Iraq), but oil that has entered soil and groundwater remains.

The BBC reported: “For health reasons Iraqi law prohibits flaring within six miles (10km) of people’s homes, but we found towns where gas was being burned less than 250m from people’s front doors. A leaked Iraq Health Ministry report, seen by BBC Arabic, blames air pollution for a 20% rise in cancer in Basra between 2015 and 2018.”

Sara says flaring and pollution continue despite the laws, while government agencies and universities turn a blind eye to the health impacts. She also says oil company employees sent to Basra are exposed to dangerous conditions, often late in their careers, and later receive large pensions due to prolonged environmental exposure.

A location map of the Majnoon Oilfield in southern Iraq

A location map of the Majnoon Oilfield in southern Iraq (after Al-Ameri et al., 2011). Via
ResearchGate

Doctors interviewed by the BBC describe pediatric cancer wards overwhelmed. Leukemia, breast cancer, and rare tumors appear at rates far beyond global averages.

A 2025 study examining soil around Basra found pollution levels 1,200% to 3,300% higher than those typically measured in cities like Toronto or New York.

Average TPH levels ranged from 8 µg/g (dry weight) in agricultural areas to 265 µg/g along roads. During the wet season, levels reached as high as 340 µg/g, as rain drives oil residues deeper into the soil rather than removing them.

The study concluded that oil refineries are the main source of soil contamination, with additional pollution from vehicles, fuel stations, power generation, and oil infrastructure.

For context, Canadian soil safety standards, used in cities like Toronto, set acceptable levels far below the hundreds of µg/g measured in Basra.

Another 2024 study found elevated TPH levels across Basra’s major oilfields, including Majnoon, Rumaila, West Qurna, and Al-Zubair, exceeding thresholds associated with human health risk

Iraq’s oil sector includes BP, Shell (formerly Basra Gas Company), TotalEnergies, ENI, Lukoil, CNPC, and PetroChina, many operating through state partnerships. Gas flaring remains widespread.

World Bank gas flaring data

World Bank data shows gas flaring in Iraq continues to increase. 2024 saw the highest rates in 12 years.

According to the World Bank, Iraq ranks among the world’s top gas-flaring countries. These emissions settle into lungs, groundwater, and the bodies of children.

“It’s not safe to grow up there anymore,” says Sara.

Government employees in Iraq are currently banned from speaking publicly about pollution from oil fields.

Explore Balat in Istanbul for a perfect day of coffee, cats, and second-hand clothing shops

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A street cat lounging outside Naftalin Kafe in Balat, Istanbul
Cats rule Istanbul and are clearly in charge at Naftalin Kafe, Balat. Photo by Karin Kloosterman

Balat is not a neighborhood you would visit on a standard tour to Istanbul—the kind that shuttles you between giant mosques like Hagia Sophia. If you want a real taste of the city and the people who live there, wander a smaller neighborhood. Balat is my favorite for its cobblestone lanes, record shops, cafés, second-hand clothing stores, colorful stairs, textiles and towel shops—and the cats. Cats rule Balat, and much of Istanbul.

View toward the Golden Horn from Balat, Istanbul, with fishermen along the water

Be prepared to lose yourself wandering around this village-like part of the city. I’d spend half a day in Balat, much of it in wanderer mode. This is one of Istanbul’s most quietly enchanting quarters, where cultures overlap not as a museum piece, but as a living, breathing fact.

A vintage shop in Balat near the historic synagogue
A vintage shop in Balat not far from the synagogue.

For centuries Balat has been home to Jews, Greeks, Armenians, and Muslims, and that mosaic still shapes the streets. You’ll pass the Ahrida Synagogue, Orthodox churches, and modest mosques within minutes of each other. Unlike grand Sultanahmet, Balat’s diversity feels intimate and domestic—it’s history at human scale you can still touch and feel. Homes and cafés are built among crumbling walls and old fortifications, and the vibe among the people is good. As my Uber driver said arriving in Balat, “In Istanbul we love our cats, and hate our mayor.”

Flags and laundry strung above a narrow Balat street in Istanbul

Balat has recently become a magnet for vintage lovers and collectors (some say it happened when Coffee Department opened in 2010), but it hasn’t lost its edge and grit.

Find old record players spinning Turkish tunes, bent silverware, Anatolian rugs, colorful caftans, postcards, rusted tools, and ceramic cups poking out from tiny shops that are halfway between a flea market and a time capsule. We saw men dancing in the street and attractive local couples (lovers?) having intense coffee conversations in the late sunny morning—on a weekday.

The prices in the second-hand clothing shops are not what they once were (here is our old guide to second hand clothing shops in Istanbul around Istiklal street), but the items are well-curated. And the second-hand shops in Istanbul will still offer you eastern garb such as cloaks and overcoats, plus colorful wool sweaters. The stairs and buildings in Balat are colorful too.

Colorful stairs and homes in Balat, Istanbul, leading to small shops and cafés
Balat is known for its colorful homes and staircases leading to handcrafts and markets

The joy of being in Balat—or in Istanbul in general—is not ticking off addresses and sites of interest. It’s letting curiosity pull you down side streets where eye contact can lead to a conversation.

A colorful home facade in Balat, Istanbul

Three Cafes Worth Lingering In

Velvet Cafe – A Balat institution. Mismatched furniture, plants everywhere, and the feeling that time has agreed to slow down. Looks like a place to join a revolution—or start one.

Velvet Cafe in Balat, Istanbul
Velvet Cafe, in Balat

Naftalin Kafe – Nostalgia perfected: old family photos, radios, and Turkish coffee that tastes like it belongs to the room. Cats rule the café. Notice our top photo taken recently outside Naftalin on one of the main tourist streets, where the cat is telling the waitress who to serve next.

Cafe Naftalin in Balat, Istanbul, with a street cat nearby
Cafe Naftalin in Balat, Istanbul. Stop here for a vibe check and pet a cat. He’ll insist.

Coffee Department in Balat – A more modern stop with excellent coffee, popular with locals and creatives without breaking the spell of the neighborhood. Believed to be the café that opened Balat up to becoming a prime tourist destination.

Coffee Department café in Balat, Istanbul
Coffee Department, Balat, Istanbul

This is cat country, and humans know it. Cats lounge on stoops, café chairs, shop counters, and car hoods with total confidence and airs of superiority. They do let you touch—on their terms. Bowls of food appear mysteriously. Some cats even drop down on a rope from the sky (or the top-floor apartment). People have built cat houses for their furry friends, and non-profits exist to help foreigners send a beloved Balat street-cat back home with quarantine and papers (see Paws of Hope if you are interested in the adoption process). This is far from the Erdoğan-style Turkey that has called for the culling of millions of Turkish street dogs.

In Balat, cats are not a feature. They are the management.

Explore your faith in interfaith

A neighborhood mosque in Balat, Istanbul
A Balat mosque

Balat wears its interfaith history casually. As you wander, the names surface naturally: the Ahrida Synagogue and Yanbol Synagogue, quiet and inward-looking, echo Balat’s once-thriving Jewish life. Then the call to prayer drifts from neighborhood mosques like Ferruh Kethüda, Tahta Minare, and Balat Çavuş; and church bells mark time at St. George (Aya Yorgi), St. Mary of the Mongols, and the iron-clad St. Stephen Church by the water. Holding time are the crumbling Byzantine walls—cracked, vine-covered, and indifferent to faith—reminding you that in Balat, coexistence was a daily habit.

Follow the slope down toward the historic Golden Horn and you’ll find fishermen casting lines for small fish, chatting here and there while watching the water—and making sure the crows and the cats don’t fish the tiny fish out of the buckets.

Second hand clothing and vintage shops in Balat, Istanbul

Ayca Eastern Design vintage clothing shop in Balat, Istanbul
Ayca Eastern Design, second hand clothing in Balat, Istanbul via their Instagram

Istanbul is known for its curios and second-hand clothing shops. You will get a taste of it all in Balat as you wander the streets. We came across a few vintage and second-hand clothing shops. The prices were not cheap (a T-shirt was priced around 25 Euros), so if you are in the business of bargain-basement shopping, better shop elsewhere in America or Canada at church thrift shops.

Ayca Vintage

Ayca vintage has a great vibe, with African drumming and song beckoning you to come in. We guessed it was the owner who peeked at us from under her hat—cat nearby—journaling. The shop is stocked with vintage caftans and colorful sweaters. She’s taken the selection job out of your day.

Ayvansaray mahallesi sultan çeşmesi cad. no:83A BALAT Fatih / istanbul

Owner of Ayca Eastern Design in Balat, Istanbul, pictured via Instagram
Ayca vintage clothes owner, from their Instagram

Second-hand clothing and vintage items in a Balat shop in Istanbul

Second-hand clothing display in Balat, Istanbul
Ayca, second hand clothing in Balat, Istanbul, Green Prophet

Twobavintage

Around the same area is Twobavintage, which stocks mainly kitschy kitchen items and relics from another era. There is a small selection of clothes in the back.

Ayvansaray Mahallesi Sultan Çesmesi Sokak No 94 Balat

Twobavintage shop with vintage home goods and clothing in Balat, Istanbul
Twobavintage second-hand vintage and clothing in Balat, Istanbul

Kulis vintage

Expect to pay a pretty penny for thrifted T-shirts and second-hand, western style here at Kulis Vintage. We found the same in Berlin when we were there 2 months ago. Highly curated, high prices—which is the way of the world for curated vintage in cities. Kensington Market in Toronto has been like that for decades.

Kulis Vintage second-hand clothing shop in Balat, Istanbul

Vintage items and displays at Kulis Vintage in Balat, Istanbul

Quiet residential street with older homes in Balat, Istanbul

Exploring the streets and finding colorful umbrellas and painted stairs in Balat is a must. Some parts are tourist traps, demanding you buy food before you enter. Some coffee shop owners say they have the best rooftop views of the Golden Horn. We can’t confirm.

We found an excellent towel and blanket shop with great prices. Where you can still find a deal is if you are looking for high-quality Turkish cotton towels. We found a shop, pictured below, where we bought a few high-quality towels for 200 LR each, about $5 USD. We didn’t bother bargaining because the price was fair and the seller was very nice.

His shop was down the street from Ayca Eastern Design. We didn’t get the full name, so show this man’s photo around the neighborhood and the locals will point out the way.

Shop selling affordable Turkish cotton towels in Balat, Istanbul

Off the Path: Working-Class Istanbul

Another face of Balat reveals itself when you leave the “Instagram streets.” Wander toward Cibali, where workshops still hum—metalworkers, repair shops, small factories—and life feels practical. This is also where you brush up against literary history.

Portrait of Turkish writer Orhan Kemal, known for writing about working-class life
Orhan Kemal

Nearby lived Orhan Kemal, one of Turkey’s great writers of the working class. Kemal was the chronicler of laborers, factory hands, and the urban poor. He worked near the old Cibali Tobacco Factory (today part of Istanbul University), quite close to his former home, and wrote about the very people you still encounter here.

Former home of writer Orhan Kemal near Balat in Istanbul
Orhan Kemal home in a working class neighborhood near Balat

His presence lingers not as a plaque-heavy attraction, but as a spirit. We walked past his modest corner house that holds a plaque to his name. Impressive wooden houses nearby are for sale, and we dream about being a writer from his vantage point in this now-charming location.

Metalworker in Balat, Istanbul, near Orhan Kemal’s former neighborhood
Metalworker smiles for Green Prophet in Balat, Istanbul near Orhan Kemal’s old house

Balat isn’t polished, and that’s exactly the point. It rewards slow walking and making mistakes. Tune into a few landmarks that interest you and wander toward them, noticing what you meet, smell, and hear along the way. On one of our meanderings we came across three schoolboys “cat-napping” a cat in their backpack to take home.

Schoolboys carrying a cat in a backpack in Balat, Istanbul
School boys taking home a cat

We also appreciated that some of the local artisans, like the owner of ilitya, are opening their studios for hands-on experiences. He is a graduate of design school and, unlike the thousands of traditional pottery studios in Turkey, he sells modern functional-ware. Made in molds and glazed in the studio, you can buy—or study and make your own—your choice.

Modern ceramics workshop in Balat, Istanbul

Modern pottery and ceramics studio in Balat, Istanbul

We took a taxi to Balat from our hotel, but plenty of buses and trams run right to this neighborhood.

Green Prophet’s trip to Istanbul was sponsored by the United Religions Initiative, an interfaith network for peace and reconciliation. Their travel grant allowed us to tour Istanbul’s heritage independently to witness and report on the city’s diversity and heritage.

Simple Qatayef recipe makes fabulous nut-filled pancakes

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qatayif, qatayef pancakes, simple recipe

Imagine a pancake stuffed with sweet cheese. You may dream that the pancake’s filled with nuts, instead. Then imagine it was drizzled with perfumed syrup while still warm. Garnish it, in your dream, with pistachios and whipped cream. You’re dreaming of qatayef, the fabulous, fabled, Arabian dessert.

Qatayef – also spelled katayif or qatya’if – is traditionally eaten at Ramadan (get our Ramadan vegetarian ideas here), but it’s a treat anytime. In fact, it’s a treat that’s gone through history.

A recipe for qatayif appears in a tenth century Arabic cookbook by the writer Ibn Sayyar al-Warraq, who compiled recipes going back to the eighth and ninth centuries. People have been eating qatayif for a very long time.

The filled pancakes are still popular in the Middle East. All over the Levant, people buy qatayif from bakeries and pastry shops, or pick some up from street vendors. They can even buy them frozen and ready to fry at home. So can you; if not at a local Middle Eastern grocery store, then online.

But there’s nothing like home-made, although it does take some time and patience. Plan to cook qatayif on a free morning, or when you need to put your mind on something with gratifying results.

First, make the batter. Choose a nut stuffing or a sweet cheese one (recipes below). Or halve each recipe and have both kinds.

qatayif pancakes, qatayif, qatayef pancakes, simple recipe

qatayif

Qatayef, Stuffed Pancakes

An Arabian Dessert
Prep Time 2 hours 30 minutes
Cook Time 15 minutes
Course Dessert
Cuisine Arabic
Servings 8 people

Equipment

  • 1 Blender
  • 1 skillet

Ingredients
  

The Batter:

  • 1 teaspoon active dry yeast
  • 1 teaspoon sugar
  • 1-1/2 cups warm water
  • 1-1/2 all-purpose flour
  • 1/4 teaspoon salt
  • Vegetable oil for frying

Nut filling:

  • 2 cups finely chopped toasted walnuts or almonds
  • 3 tablespoons granulated sugar
  • 1 teaspoon cinnamon
  • 2 tablespoons orange flower water not the concentrated essence
  • Mix thoroughly.
  • 1 tablespoon lemon juice

Cheese Filling:

  • 13 oz. - 370 grams Mozzarella cheese packed in water
  • 4 tablespoons sugar
  • 2 teaspoons rose or orange flower water

The Syrup

  • The Syrup:
  • 2-1/2 cups sugar
  • 2 cups water
  • 1 tablespoon lemon juice
  • 1-2 tablespoons rose or orange flower water

The Garnish

  • 3 tablespoons finely chopped pistachios
  • Whipped cream

Instructions
 

Make the batter:

  • Put all ingredients in a blender until you have a smooth batter. Leave the batter in the blender.
  • Alternately, dissolve the yeast and sugar in the water; add the flour and salt and beat until smooth.
  • Cover the batter and leave at room temperature 1 hour. 2 hours is better if you have the time, to allow an appealing fermented flavor to develop.
  • While the batter is resting, make the filling and the syrup.

Make the Nut Filling:

  • Mix thoroughly

Make the Cheese Filling:

  • Drain the Mozzarella.
  • Put everything through the food processor to make a crumbly mass.

Make the Syrup:

  • Boil the sugar, water, and lemon juice until thick enough to coat the back of a spoon, 5-8 minutes.
  • Add the flower water. Cook a few more seconds.
  • Cool the syrup then put it in the fridge.

Fry and Fill The Qatayif

  • Blend the rested batter again for a minute, or whip it up if it’s in a bowl. This helps produce the characteristic little holes in the pancakes.
  • When the batter’s ready, take the syrup out of the fridge to have it ready.
  • Oil a frying pan, preferably non-stick. Start with high heat, then reduce to medium.
  • Pour about 2 tablespoons batter into the pan. Tilt the pan around to spread the batter into a circle, or gently push the batter into a circle shape with the back of a spoon. This is the first, experimental pancake, from which you’ll judge if the temperature is right or needs adjusting. It’s also practice for making the pancake circle. An oval is OK.
  • Let the pancake cook until it’s spongy, pocked with bubbles, and detaches from the pan easily. This is done in a few minutes. The bottom may be pale or golden according to your preference. Do not flip the pancake over.
  • Transfer the pancakes to a platter and cover with a kitchen towel to keep them pliable.
  • Fill the center of each pancake with about 2 tablespoons of your chosen filling.
  • Fold it over to make a half-circle.
  • Press the edges together well, to keep the filling inside while frying.
  • Heat oil to the depth of 1/2” - 1 cm. in a skillet.
  • Fry the qatayif on all sides until golden, 2-3 minutes altogether. Some prefer a darker color, but take care not to over-cook because that will harden the qatayif.
  • Put the qatayif on a rack to drain or set them on paper towels.
  • Dip them in the syrup with tongs or a long spoon while they’re hot. Let the excess syrup drip off. .
  • (A tip from the modern pantry: skip the boiled syrup and use your favorite pancake syrup to drizzle generously over the hot qatayif.)
  • Garnish with finely chopped pistachios and/or whipped cream. Pass any extra syrup around for those who want more.
Keyword nut filling, pancake, sweet cheese filling

Eat, and drift off to qatayif heaven.

Photos by Laila Ibrahim via Serious Eats.

Slow food market Souk el Tayeb in Lebanon celebrates food and Eid El Barbara

Lebanon food market celebrates the Christian Saint Barbara, with food
Lebanon food market celebrates the Christian Saint Barbara, with food

 

Souk El Tayeb in Beirut has always been more than a farmers’ market. It is a small miracle in the heart of Lebanon—a community place where farmers, cooks, refugees, artisans, and city dwellers gather around the simple idea that food can heal a country.

Founded in Beirut during a time of deep political strains, Souk El Tayeb became a meeting place where sect, class, and region dissolve into the shared pleasure of tasting ripe tomatoes, kneaded manousheh, or warm kebbeh made by someone whose village you may have only heard about.

A flower salesman at the Souk
A flower salesman at the Souk

What makes Souk El Tayeb remarkable is not only its insistence on local, seasonal produce, but its belief that dignity and sustainability must go hand in hand. Farmers are paid fairly. Villages are uplifted. Traditional recipes are kept alive not as nostalgia but as knowledge systems: real food is carbon-light, waste-free, and is adapted to the land.

In a region where instability and terror threatens the smallest things, Souk El Tayeb remains defiantly hopeful, stitching Lebanon back together one shared meal at a time.(Related: The Pope was just visiting Lebanon uplifting the spirits even more).

Kinds of cookies sold at the Souk
Kinds of cookies sold at the Souk

And now Lebanon prepared for Eid el-Barbara, a celebration as rooted in the soil as in faith, it’s like a kind of Halloween, but gentler. As Souk El Tayeb writers described it: “It tells the story of Barbara (Saint Barbara), a pious Christian in Roman times, whose father, the pagan ruler of Baalbek, wanted to kill her for her forbidden Christian beliefs. It’s celebrated December 5 in the Middle East, and December 17 in Europe.

“To escape him, she disguised herself (hello costumes!) and ran through bare fields that miraculously grew into tall wheat to hide her as she fled.”

To remember the miracle of the wheat, families cook amhiyeh and atayef, and children plant soaked wheat, beans, or lentils on beds of cotton.

By Christmas, the sprouts become a soft green carpet for the nativity scene, the مغارة الميلاد.

This ritual also exists in Provence, where wheat is planted on Sainte-Barbe’s Day. Lebanon, France, and a shared tradition of sprouting hope in the darkest month of the year.

Another tradition is eating qatayef, a stuffed cookie, which is also eaten at Ramadan.

Eid il-Burbara or Saint Barbara’s Day, and also called the Feast of Saint Barbara, is a holiday annually celebrated on 17 December or 4 December amongst Middle Eastern Christians in Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, Palestine and Turkey. It is also celebrated as Barbaroba amongst Christians in Georgia.

UNESCO forest being developed in Iran

Hyracanian Forest Iran
Hyracanian Forest Iran

I have my own little slice of paradise in a forest in Canada. It would be unsettling to say the least if the developers started carving up and developing the Crown Land, protected by law, around my land.

But this is what’s happening now in Iran, an a world-protected forest.

The story starts in a village called Sark, located in the Ponel–Khalkhal area, where road construction has begun to connect a newly built villa complex, and part of the UNESCO-protected Hyrcanian forests has been destroyed according to local reports in Iran.

Environmentalists speak of trees being cut down and heavy machinery entering the area. They say this organized destruction threatens the future of the Hyrcanian forests.

Ronak Roshan

“I am an Architect and Restorer and an Urban Regeneration Expert working in the field of sustainable development, and I have spent years advocating for the preservation of my country’s heritage,” says Green Prophet contributor Ronak Roshan. (She’s called out the Aga Khan and their ecological award out for greenwashing in Iran).

“Recently, we were informed by the local community that road construction is underway in the Hyrcanian Forests to enable the development of luxury villas. Our field observations and initial documentation show clear signs of land-use change, unauthorized construction, and the expansion of private holding companies into forested areas, agricultural lands, and the buffer zones of this fragile ecosystem,” she says.

Paving paradise, via Moroor

“Such activities pose a serious threat to the Outstanding Universal Value (OUV) of the site, endangering its ecological integrity, landscape continuity, and long-term conservation,” says Roshan,

While in just the past few months new warnings have been issued about the intensifying destruction of the Hyrcanian forests, field reports from the village of Sark in the Ponel–Khalkhal corridor in Gilan show that large-scale road construction has begun in the heart of the region’s ancient forests.

GPS location of development

According to environmental activists, this work is being carried out in order to create an access route for a villa complex known as “Behesht Complex” (Paradise Complex).

According to information from informed sources, in order to obtain permits to continue construction of the Behesht villa complex, a road is being built so that afterwards the responsible authorities can justify construction “within the road corridor” and issue permits for the expansion of the complex.

Following this request, the felling of thousand-year-old Hyrcanian trees and the destruction of pristine vegetation has begun. Only a few families live in Sark village, and for years they have used a wooden bridge for their comings and goings. But now, parts of the forest are under pressure from road construction and site preparation for building, including earth removal, mountain cutting and alteration of the topography.

At the same time, environmental activists have sent a formal letter to UNESCO, warning about the planned destruction of the Hyrcanian forests, a World Heritage site, and calling for urgent international action.

In their letter, environmental activists write that this destruction is not limited to Gilan. They say this trend has been continuously ongoing for several decades and, especially after events such as the “Gilan, Capital of Construction” conference, has accelerated under the influence of certain individuals.

The activists have asked UNESCO to order an immediate halt, send a fact-finding mission to the affected areas, and issue an official statement of condemnation.

In Shahrivar (August–September) of this year as well, road construction from Tarom County to Shaft County, along the Dayleh-Sar highlands, began with tree cutting and destruction of the natural terrain, without obtaining any legal permits from the relevant authorities. As a result, 8.5 kilometres of rangeland and forest land in Shaft were destroyed.

The Hyrcanian forests form a long belt of about 850 kilometres, stretching from the Gorgan plain to parts of the Republic of Azerbaijan. Nineteen percent of the total area of the Hyrcanian forests registered with UNESCO—about 58,000 hectares—belongs to Gilan.

Environmental activists in Iran often face significant personal risk when speaking out about illegal land grabs, deforestation, or the destruction of protected areas. In recent years, several high-profile environmentalists have been detained, interrogated, or imprisoned on broad national-security charges, sometimes without transparent legal proceedings.

International human rights groups have repeatedly expressed concern that environmental advocacy in Iran can be treated as political dissent, leaving local activists vulnerable to surveillance, harassment, and pressure from security institutions. This has created a climate in which many citizens are afraid to report ecological damage, making the documented cases of forest destruction even more alarming given the courage required to bring them to light.

Mud bricks are not just for Minecraft – they can solve real-world refugee housing

Gaza man builds home with mud bricks
Gaza man builds home with mud bricks

 

Unconfirmed photos are circulating on the internet that a Gazan family has started to rebuild their home using mud bricks. And just a few days ago we reported on a Saudi Arabian designer and his plans for using mud bricks as a solution to the refugee crisis.

Somalia, mud brick, refugee shelter, modular housing, IDP camps, sustainable architecture, acacia wood, earth construction, passive cooling, vernacular design, low-cost housing, humanitarian architecture, Kengo Kuma, Rabie Al Ashi, climate resilience
A mud brick house for refugees

Mud bricks are made from clay, sand, water and a natural binder such as rice husk or straw. They are dried in the sun—no firing, no fuel required at all. Properly made, they meet compressive strength and heat-conductivity requirements, act as fire-resistant and sound-insulating walls, and keep indoor temperatures relatively stable in both summer and winter. This works as long as there is a protective roof and the bricks are maintained. People in the past used to know how to do this but concrete made us forget ancient wisdom. If you travel to places like Ethiopia, most rural people are living in mud houses. 

Related: ancient mud houses in the Muslim world

Globally, around 30 per cent of the world’s population still lives in earthen structures; the material is traditional across the Middle East, North Africa, India and much of the global South. The research community has moved well beyond nostalgia: recent studies on compressed earth blocks and fibre-reinforced mud bricks in places as varied as Australia, Togo and North Africa treat earth as a serious, testable low-carbon material, not as a second-best stopgap. Mud is flame-proof, readily available and as Hathan Fathy of the New Gourna Village argued can give people an honorable place to live.

In Gaza, of course, energy and shelter are fused problems. Even before the current war, the territory never had enough grid power. Over roughly a decade, rooftop solar spread rapidly: one satellite analysis found at least 655 rooftop solar systems in a single square mile of Gaza City, and by 2022 the strip was estimated to have more than 12,000 such systems.

Solar became a genuine lifeline, keeping water pumps, small clinics, fridges and phones running when diesel ran out. See the map below of rooftop solar, which according to this source made Gaza the highest user per capita of solar rooftop energy in the world.

Rooftop solar panels in Gaza, 2022: https://www.csis.org/analysis/gazas-solar-power-wartime

Much of that infrastructure has since been damaged or destroyed since Hamas started the war with Israel, but the lesson is still there in plain sight: when you give people robust, decentralised tools—sun and soil—they will use them to hold their lives together. Satellite-based damage assessments now show that a large share of solar installations have been hit, which only increases the urgency of planning low-carbon, distributed systems for any serious reconstruction.

Gaza and solar panels in 2025 via Salon 

For a practical NGO funder, this suggests a very grounded agenda that is neither experimental for its own sake nor romantic about “traditional” methods.

Gaza will need: field-tested earthen construction, training and demonstration yards that support local engineers, masons and women’s groups to run short, paid training programs in mud-brick and compressed earth construction. Small demonstration houses, clinics or community centers can double as real assets and training labs. Centers can also teach solar cooking and basic engineering skills.

A solar cooker on a roof in Gaza
A man in Gaza cooks food on his roof using a solar cooker, powered by the sun

Solar + earth “micro-campuses”: pair thick, thermally massive earthen buildings with rooftop or courtyard solar systems and simple DC micro-grids with small plots for farming and permaculture. Muslim women in Israel and the PA can travel to Gaza to give workshops on beekeeping (see Bees for Peace).

While Gaza has always been densely populated, new models in earthen building and rooftop gardens can enliven the hope for the next generation.

Peace hospital opens between Jordan and Israel

The Jordan Gateway Hospital
The Jordan Gateway Hospital heralding peace between Jordan and Israel

Can a cross-border hospital between Israel and Jordan anchor environmental cooperation too?

Israel and Jordan are moving ahead with one of the most ambitious cross-border development projects in the Middle East: the Jordan Gateway, a joint industrial and employment zone straddling the border near the Jordan River Crossing. Conceived during the 1994 Israel–Jordan peace talks, the zone is finally gaining momentum after years of legal disputes and construction delays.

Now, Israeli officials have confirmed that a hospital on the Israeli side, designed primarily to treat Jordanian patients, is under active government consideration. We’ve written about water cooperation and the Red Dead Canal which never happened. And now that Israel is cooperating with India, the UAE and Saudi Arabia, the region is gearing up for movement of goods, people and know-how form the east to the west.

The proposed medical centre, described by Emek HaMaayanot Regional Council head Itamar Matiash as “a centre for cancer treatment, so that people from Jordan or further away could come and receive treatment,” would become the flagship of a wider cluster of medical, academic and innovation-based services planned for the Israeli half of the zone.

Meanwhile, the Jordanian side is already home to several low-tech factories aimed at reducing unemployment, which remains around 18 per cent in the kingdom compared with roughly 3 per cent in Israel.

The defining feature of the Jordan Gateway is its carefully engineered border model. Workers from both countries will be able to enter the shared industrial zone while remaining inside an “ex-territorial bubble”. Jordanians entering the Israeli zone will not be granted entry to Israel beyond the site, and Israelis crossing to the Jordanian side will not enter Jordan proper. Full entry into either country will continue to require the formal Allenby Crossing procedures.

This controlled permeability reflects both diplomatic pragmatism and urgent security realities following the 2023 Hamas-led attack and subsequent regional instability, as well as recent violent incidents involving drivers crossing from Jordan into Israel to commit acts of terror. But not everyone should suffer from terrorism.

Jordan gateway map
Jordan gateway map

Beyond bilateral cooperation, the project’s strategic significance extends far beyond the Jordan Valley. The site is now positioned as a critical node in the India–Middle East–Europe Economic Corridor (IMEC), the US-backed transport vision designed to link Indian manufacturing hubs to Gulf ports, Israel and ultimately to European markets. This route circumvents passing through Iranian waters and areas of the Red Sea being terrorized by Yemen’s Houthis and Somalian pirates.

Under current planning, goods could cross into Israel at the Jordan Gateway, be transferred onto rail lines to Haifa Port and then shipped onwards to Europe. Officials from the United States and European Union have already conducted site visits and expressed interest in the zone’s potential role as a resilient logistics alternative to traditional Red Sea and Suez routes.

But if the Jordan Gateway is to become a model for regional integration, its long-term success will depend as much on environmental governance as on geopolitics. The Jordan River Valley is an ecologically fragile corridor long damaged by over-extraction, pollution and climate-driven water scarcity.

Fortunately, the region already hosts some of the world’s most established cross-border environmental collaborations.

EcoPeace Middle East founded by Gidon Bromberg (and featured on Green Prophet regularly) —bringing together Jordanian, Palestinian and Israeli practitioners—has spent decades advocating joint water management and ecological restoration.

Its “Green Blue Deal for the Middle East” proposes exactly the type of shared environmental planning the Jordan Gateway will require. Likewise, the Arava Institute for Environmental Studies, located near the Israel–Jordan border, has trained more than 1,800 Israeli, Palestinian, Jordanian and international students in solar energy, desert agriculture and water-scarce resilience.

These networks offer rare and durable frameworks for cooperation that continue even during periods of political tension. Participation by Jordanian and Palestinian students, however, is often kept discreet, as some prefer not to publicize their involvement in cross-border programs to avoid potential social pressures when returning to their home communities.

If aligned with such environmental expertise, the Jordan Gateway could evolve into more than an industrial park or logistics hub. It could become a proof-of-concept for environmentally grounded peacebuilding—a space where economic incentives, ecological restoration and pragmatic diplomacy reinforce one another. In a region where borders often divide ecosystems that must function as a whole, this may be the most significant experiment of all. Peace comes only through shared values, and content.

Without that, peace making is an empty word.

“For a long time, my soul dwelt with those who hate peace,” says Psalm 120.

Binishell homes and the inflatable concrete house trend is suddenly everywhere

Binishell homes can be made for emergency house and high-end luxury dwellings

 

If you’ve seen “binishell homes” popping up across architecture feeds this year, you’re not imagining it. The iconic inflatable concrete house—originally invented in the 1960s by architect Dante Bini—is suddenly back in global headlines. And there’s one big reason: climate resilience. And hey, Robert Downey Junior lives in one.

Binishell Robert Downey Junior home in Malibu

Binishell Robert Downey Junior home in Malibu
Binishell Robert Downey Junior home in Malibu

As heatwaves intensify and disasters become more frequent, governments and aid agencies are searching for housing solutions that are fast, affordable, low-carbon, and structurally strong. In California you can use hemp concrete and they are fire retardant.

Binishell is a dome-shaped building created by inflating a giant balloon and spraying reinforced concrete around it. The technique delivers astonishing speed—often under an hour per unit once the form is in place—and excellent durability, especially against earthquakes, cyclones, fires, and possibly even floods.

Search interest for binishell cost, binishell homes, and inflatable concrete house cost has jumped as engineers look for alternatives to slow, expensive, and carbon-heavy conventional construction. While full pricing varies by size, reinforcement type, and location, Binishells consistently reduce materials, labor hours, and waste.

A Binishell rendering. Courtesy of Nicolo Bini.
A Binishell home, a modern eco-home works well in the warm, dry climate of California

Their air-form method uses up to 30–50% less concrete than a traditional box-shaped building and requires fewer skilled trades—an increasingly critical factor during emergency rebuilds when the local workforce is strained.

Inflatable concrete homes excel where disasters hit hardest. Their aerodynamic shape resists wind uplift, their monolithic shell minimizes weak points, and their thermal mass keeps interiors cool in summer and warm in winter—essential in regions struggling with both heat stress and energy scarcity. Concrete itself is not sustainable but new innovations using materials like hemp can make it so.

A growing number of countries and regions such as Gaza, Yemen, Somalia, Sudan, Afghanistan are Muslim and are naturally attracted to dome-shaped building, making Binishells an excellent idea if some company can actually make it happen.

Abeer Seikaly’s Woven Shelters
Abeer Seikaly’s Woven Shelters could be turned into a Binishell?

What makes this approach especially valuable is reusability: once the crisis passes, these strong, permanent structures can transition seamlessly into long-term public assets. They could be used as housing units for boarding schools or facilities where small businesses or artisans can work. If made moveable, they could function as a second space for homes in the region.

Turkey, for example, repurposed post-earthquake emergency housing built years ago with the help of Israel into into student dormitories. Binishells fit perfectly into this model: fast when needed, durable for decades, and flexible enough to become schools, healthcare posts, or creative workshops once families are resettled.

Stella McCartney shoes, bags, perfume coming back sustainably to H&M

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Sustainable fashion by Stella McCartney
Sustainable fashion by Stella McCartney

One of the things I regret in my life is not buying a pair of Stella McCartney mushroom leather shoes at a TJ Max shop in Berlin. The price was within reach and they looked and felt so sturdy and iconic. All of us may have more chances to dance in sustainable style as Stella McCartney, the sustainable fashion icon and daughter of Paul McCartney, is working again with the fast fashion label H&M. Fast fashion, Zara, Shein, Mango and COS, show us that they aren’t going anywhere. What we can do is when we shop at these international chains is choose sustainable choices over those made from synthetics that leak microplastics.

Sustainable fashion, Stella Mcartney, Mcarty
Sustainable fashion, Stella McCartney

“I’m excited to reunite with H&M after 20 years since our first collaboration. Reworking pieces from my archive brought back so much energy and joy. This second partnership feels like a chance to look at how far we’ve come on sustainability, cruelty-free practices and conscious design – and to stay honest about how far we still have to go—together.

Related: make mushroom paper and leather

Sustainable fashion at a landfill runway, Stella McCartney
Sustainable fashion at a landfill runway, Stella McCartney

“I am thrilled to have H&M join me on this road, real change only happens when we push from both the outside and the inside, and I’ve always believed in infiltrating from within to move the industry forward,” said Stella in a press announcement.

Stella not only delivers fashion, she’s the first of the big brands to actually integrate fungus, and plant-based plastics into her pieces, runways and collections. With Balena, she chose the Israeli biodegradable plastic company for her running shoes, she’s worked with cinnamon waste in these biodregadable shoes. And she uses a mushroom based leather for her fashion pieces in clothing and footwear.

Balena Stella McCartney
A Stella McCartney decomposing shoe

What’s the plan with H&M? The collection isn’t launched yet but let’s hope it will be bold.

H&M’s Creative Advisor Ann-Sofie Johansson (pictured above) said: “Stella’s designs have changed the course of fashion history: they championed sustainable practices long before that conversation became mainstream.

“Her work is always joyful, playful, energetic.”

Ann-Sofie Johansson with Stella McCartney
Ann-Sofie Johansson from H&M with Stella McCartney

The Stella McCartney H&M collection will launch in stores and online in Spring 2026. The collection will feature certified, responsible materials – many of which are recycled – showcasing examples of alternatives for conventional fabrics and textiles.

This announcement comes 20 years since McCartney’s first collection for the label where they celebrated sustainability, cruelty-free practices and conscious designs. We can’t wait to preview the collection soon!

::Stella McCartney and sustainability

Emergency housing and refugee shelters made from mud

Somalia, mud brick, refugee shelter, modular housing, IDP camps, sustainable architecture, acacia wood, earth construction, passive cooling, vernacular design, low-cost housing, humanitarian architecture, Kengo Kuma, Rabie Al Ashi, climate resilience

Building back home and dignity can work with local, sustainable materials

Somalia faces one of the world’s most persistent displacement crises, with millions uprooted by conflict, drought, and climate-driven instability. As emergency camps grow into semi-permanent settlements, the need for long-term, affordable, and culturally grounded housing becomes urgent. A new proposal, Shelters of the Future, offers precisely that: a mud-brick modular framework rooted in Somali building traditions yet designed for resilience, dignity, and community.

Somalia, mud brick, refugee shelter, modular housing, IDP camps, sustainable architecture, acacia wood, earth construction, passive cooling, vernacular design, low-cost housing, humanitarian architecture, Kengo Kuma, Rabie Al Ashi, climate resilience

Developed by designer Rabie Al Ashi in Saudi Arabia in collaboration with Kengo Kuma & Associates, Shelters of the Future won first prize in an international competition led by Somalia’s Ministry of Public Works, Reconstruction and Housing (MoPWRH), the International Organization for Migration (IOM), and Young Architects Competition (YAC). It stands out for its elegant simplicity: a shelter system that relies on local materials, local skills, and local cultural logic.

With so much goodwill going into designing new refugee shelters from the western world –– see our 2014 article on refugee shelters from IKEA and designers in Jordan, we are still seeing Gazans and Somalis living under tarps.

Read our article: Refugee shelters we hate to love

Still, we celebrate ideas and appreciate this design because it works with vernacular materials and takes into account the local.

At the heart of the design is a flexible 4×4-meter module, a human-scaled unit pairing two enclosed rooms with a semi-open central space and a private garden. This small footprint is deceptively powerful: it gives each household privacy, a safe outdoor space, and the ability to arrange interior life according to Somali social norms. The module becomes a building block—units can be combined into courtyards, linear clusters, or circular compounds that echo traditional Somali settlement patterns. Compare this to the shelters Somalis have built in Yemen, below.

Somalia, mud brick, refugee shelter, modular housing, IDP camps, sustainable architecture, acacia wood, earth construction, passive cooling, vernacular design, low-cost housing, humanitarian architecture, Kengo Kuma, Rabie Al Ashi, climate resilience

Materiality grounds the system firmly in place. Structures are built from mud bricks, acacia logs, palm leaves, and earth-based plasters—materials that are renewable, inexpensive, and readily available. Mud bricks in particular offer thermal mass, keeping interiors cooler during the day and warmer at night, an essential feature in Somalia’s hot, arid climate.

Construction is intentionally low-tech: shelters can be built by residents themselves, strengthening local craftsmanship and reducing reliance on imported humanitarian products that often fail in desert climates.

Somalia, mud brick, refugee shelter, modular housing, IDP camps, sustainable architecture, acacia wood, earth construction, passive cooling, vernacular design, low-cost housing, humanitarian architecture, Kengo Kuma, Rabie Al Ashi, climate resilience
A UN photo of Somalis sheltering in Yemen

The design also incorporates passive cooling strategies—cross-ventilation, shaded openings, and breathable walls—to make life more comfortable without the need for electricity. Gender-sensitive layouts support safety and cultural expectations. Small gardens, livestock spaces, and shaded communal zones help rebuild livelihoods and social cohesion.

We’ve spent weeks in Sinai in the simple hushas there made from palm fronds and bamboo. They can be remarkably comfortable even at night when the cold winds blow.

A basic husha in Sinai built by Bedouin

Rather than treating displacement as a temporary emergency, this project is reframed as a human condition requiring stability, community, and dignity. By combining vernacular wisdom with adaptable modular planning, the project offers a model for refugee housing that is scalable, low-carbon, and deeply respectful of local identity.

For Somalia’s displaced families, a mud-brick home may be the most modern solution of all.

::IOM

Heat pumps and why you should get one to save the planet

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Octopus energy in the UK: Octopus Energy chief executive Greg Jackson with the new ‘Cosy 6’ heat pump (picture: Octopus Energy)

They’re Ready for the Coldest Winters and the Hottest Deserts

For years, heat pumps have sat on the sidelines of the clean-energy conversation in the United States. They were viewed as efficient, yes, but only if you lived somewhere with mild winters and predictable weather. For people in Minnesota, Maine, or the Rocky Mountain states in America or Canada, a heat pump was still considered too risky when temperatures plunged. This is despite seeing them as a mainstream addition to any home and factory in the very cold climate of Finland when Green Prophet was on a sponsored cleantech tour 15 years ago.

But 2025 is the year that equation changes. Advances in cold-climate performance, breakthroughs in commercial-scale systems, and real-world applications from Helsinki to New England show that heat pumps are no longer niche technology. They’re becoming central infrastructure for a low-carbon future.

Related: The most popular heat systems in the United States

One of the biggest barriers to wide adoption has always been the cold. Traditional air-source heat pumps lose efficiency when temperatures fall below freezing, forcing backup heat sources to kick in. That isn’t just inconvenient — it erases the energy savings that make heat pumps attractive in the first place.

This winter, LG unveiled a new cold-climate heat pump that directly answers this problem. The system recently won a 2025 innovation award after real-world testing showed reliable heating even in extreme low temperatures. LG is now coordinating a global consortium to test heat-pump designs across every climate zone — from Alaska to Norway to Saudi Arabia — accelerating research on defrosting cycles, refrigerants, and compressor efficiency.

On the commercial side, Lennox (NYSE:LII) became the first HVAC manufacturer to complete validation under the US Department of Energy’s Cold Climate Heat Pump Technology Challenge. Their 15 to 25 ton rooftop system solves long-standing defrost issues in large buildings and makes it possible for offices, schools, and municipal buildings to electrify heating without sacrificing performance.

A Lennox heat pump in a home installation in New York

Heat pumps don’t create heat — they move it. In winter they pull warmth from the air or ground and bring it indoors, and in summer they reverse the cycle to cool. By shifting heat instead of burning fuel, heat pumps use significantly less energy than conventional HVAC systems.These breakthroughs do more than lower emissions. They reduce fear. For millions of Americans living in cold northern states, fear has been the single biggest barrier to switching away from oil or gas furnaces.

A $450 Million Experiment in New England

The New England Heat Pump Accelerator — a regional, multi-state initiative — has committed $450 million to expand heat-pump deployment in one of America’s coldest, oldest housing markets. The goal is straightforward: replace fossil-fuel heating with high-efficiency electric systems in places historically dependent on heating oil. This is important to note because the Trump Administration killed federal heat pump incentives, believing it should place the onus on the state.

New England’s housing stock is notoriously challenging. The region has large numbers of drafty, pre-1970 homes, old radiators, and limited ductwork. But with new cold-climate systems, these obstacles are no longer deal-breakers. Maine and Vermont have already reported tens of thousands of successful installations in homes once considered unsuitable.

Green Prophet readers may recall our coverage of Helsinki’s bold experiment: using heat pumps to recycle waste heat from data centers under a church, turning server heat into city-wide district heating. Instead of dumping excess heat into the Baltic Sea, those data centers now feed a clean-energy loop that warms data servers and Finns use heat pumps to warm their homes.

visiting cleantech operations, finland
A group of international bloggers from cleantech media, Grist, Treehugger and Green Prophet visiting a power plant in Finland. We later learned about heat pumps.

This model is spreading. As US cities debate how to meet climate targets while accommodating explosive growth in cloud computing and AI infrastructure, the idea of using heat pumps to reclaim and recirculate server waste heat is gaining attention. It closes a loop that the fossil-fuel economy never could.

According to the International Energy Agency, heat-pumping technologies could meet nearly 40% of global space-heating demand by 2035. The IEA calls them “central to future decarbonization,” primarily because they displace oil, propane, and natural gas — fuels with some of the highest household carbon footprints.

When paired with renewable electricity, heat pumps can reduce home heating emissions by 50–70%, and in some regions, more.

According to the IEA heat pumps are increasingly recognised as a critical technology for heat decarbonisation, receiving focused policy support in several countries over the past years. In 2023 global sales of heat pumps decreased by 3%, after two consecutive years of double digit-growth, amid high interest rates and inflation in most major heating markets.

However heat pumps still meet only around 10% of the global heating need in buildings. To get on track with the Net Zero Emissions by 2050 (NZE) Scenario, the global heat pump stock would need to almost triple by 2030, to cover at least 20% of global heating needs. Further policy support and technical innovation are also required, particularly to reduce upfront costs, and to remove market barriers to renovations.

Heat pumps for hot desert climates like the Middle East?

While cold climates dominate the headlines, heat pumps may have an equally transformative role in the world’s hottest regions. New inverter-driven systems can cool efficiently even when outdoor temperatures soar past 45°C (113°F). In desert climates like Riyadh or Dubai, heat pumps can replace energy-hungry air conditioners and inefficient electric resistance heaters. Because they operate on a reversible cycle, a single unit cools during extreme heat and provides efficient heating during rare cold spells — a dual benefit for regions facing widening temperature swings from climate change. (It does get cold in hot desert climates).

And unlike older AC units that can only plug into a socket, modern heat pumps can run on renewable energy, including rooftop solar if you are connected to the gird or off the grid. For countries such as the UAE, Jordan, or Israel, this technology reduces grid stress and curbs reliance on fossil-fuel plants.

How much does a heat pump cost?

A heat pump in Texas
A heat pump in Texas

In the US, a residential cold-climate heat pump generally costs $8,000–$15,000 installed, with substantial incentives available through federal programs and state rebates. Meanwhile, ground-source (geothermal) systems cost more upfront but offer unmatched efficiency in both hot and cold climates.

The US federal tax credit of up to $2,000 for heat pumps remains available through 2025, and several states offer rebates of $1,000–$10,000, depending on income. This is an important incentives model for other countries around the world to follow, much like the home-owner feed-in tariffs for solar energy.

Heat pumps have crossed a threshold — technically, culturally, and economically. They’re no longer a futuristic alternative to furnaces and air conditioners. They’re becoming the backbone of a new heating and cooling economy that works in Helsinki’s blizzards, New England’s old homes, Arizona’s deserts, and even the dense data centers powering the AI revolution.

What can you do with orange peels in the kitchen

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Make food from orange peels
Make food from orange peels

Candy, vinegar, and zero waste explained using orange peels

Winter is citrus season, and the markets are full of golden oranges. Don’t even try to resist them. What could be more heavenly than the sweetness of a good orange? As juice, in salads, cooked with chicken or fish, or eaten out of hand, oranges are delicious, and provide a good hit of vitamin C as well.

Related: make a natural sell-good candle with orange peels

If you’re dedicated to zero waste in your kitchen, you might find yourself frustrated with all those squeezed-out oranges. What can you do with them? Compost them if you can, but if that’s not an option, here are five culinary ways to get the goodness in their peels. Naturally, pesticide-free fruit is what you want.

The first thing is to remove the rind by peeling or grating before doing anything else to the fruit. Much easier, and safer, than handling a slippery, squeezed half-orange.

1. Make orange and basil infused vinegar. The ingredients are one orange, a large handful of fresh, clean basil leaves, and apple cider vinegar. Have a clean, dry jar at hand. Peel the rind of one orange into strips, avoiding the white pith. A vegetable peeler works well for this. Stuff the orange strips into the jar. Add the basil to the jar and pour vinegar over all. Stir the contents carefully to release any air bubbles. Cap the jar, store it away in the dark, and wait two days. A week is even better.

You can strain the infused vinegar if you want, or just leave it all in. I like to leave the peel and basil in, letting the flavor improve over time.

candied orange peels

2. Make candied peel. That’s a sugary seasonal treat. It makes great gifts, if you can keep it around long enough. The procedure is simple; it’s just a little tedious. You use the whole peel in candying, pith and all, which requires boiling the peel three times, in order to get rid of the bitterness. But it’s worth the time if you love candied peel. There are plenty of instructions out there. Lemons, limes, and grapefruit also make great candied peel.

Quick Instructions for Candied Citrus Peel

Prep the peel: Slice the peel into strips, using the whole thing—zest, pith, and all. Boil out the bitterness: Boil the peel in water, drain, and repeat three times. This removes the harsh bitterness from the pith. Simmer the boiled peel in a simple syrup (equal parts sugar and water) until translucent. Remove, let dry slightly, then toss in sugar. Let the strips dry fully. Store in an airtight container—if you can resist eating them. They make beautiful, tasty gifts.

Works with oranges, lemons, limes, and grapefruit.

3. Cook up orange rice pudding. Use our rice pudding recipe and simply stir in the grated peel of a whole orange instead of the rose petals.

4. Dry the peel for cooking, as the French and many Oriental cooks do. It adds an alluring deep flavor to stews. Peel one or two oranges thinly and set the peel to dry. Clementines are good too, and are easy to peel. Some draw thread through the peel and hang it up to dry. I just lay the pieces down on a thin towel and put it in an out-of-the way corner, turning it over every few days.

How soon it dries depends on the weather and the ambient moisture. The peel will be brittle when thoroughly dry. You can snap pieces off with your fingers. It will last years, stored in glass in a dark place. I love to tuck a few pieces of dried orange peel here and there in a beef or chicken tajine.

tajine

Most people don’t identify the flavor as orange unless they get a piece in their stew. It’s not tart and bright like fresh orange; it’s a little musky.

5. Make orange vodka. It couldn’t be simpler. Pour out about a half-cup of vodka from a new bottle and set it aside for some other use. Peel an orange. Cut the rind into thin strips (any size) and cram them into the bottle. All the peel should be covered with vodka. If needed, top up the liquid with the vodka you’d set aside. Let the vodka infuse for three weeks. To serve, strain the vodka and dilute it with simple syrup. Add fizzy soda water to lighten the drink, if you like.

Bonus recipe: simple syrup is 50% water and 50% white sugar, boiled together 5 minutes to dissolve the sugar. Cool and store in the fridge. It lasts forever.

Citrus peels can be frozen in any shape and have many uses. Store frozen grated orange or lemon peel in a small container. Add a tablespoon to the batter of quick bread, muffins, pancakes, or more elaborate yeast pastries. Or stir a little into tea.

At the moment I’m freezing all my squeezed-out lemon halves to accumulate enough for candying. Although I might thaw out one to tuck into the cavity of a roasting chicken.

Another delicious way to use orange peel is letting a piece steep in hot, sweetened red wine for 5 minutes. What could be cozier on a dark winter’s evening?

Photo of candied orange peel via Daring Gourmet.

The benefits of a real Christmas tree

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The benefits of a real Christmas tree
The benefits of a real Christmas tree. It’s cosy!

Why choosing a natural tree is better for forests, farmers, and the planet

Every December, millions of families face the same question: real tree or artificial? While artificial trees are marketed as convenient and reusable, the reality is more complex. When it comes to environmental impact, community support, and even holiday tradition, the evidence is overwhelmingly in favor of choosing a Real Christmas Tree. Here’s why.

Real Christmas Trees aren’t taken from forests — they’re grown on farms. In the United States alone, 350 million trees are growing on dedicated Christmas tree farms, planted and cared for by farmers solely for holiday use. The industry supports about 15,000 farms and provides work for over 100,000 people in full- and part-time jobs.

Related: Rent a real Christmas tree

Every year, Americans purchase 25–30 million Real Christmas Trees (according to the National Christmas Tree Association), directly supporting rural economies and preserving open green space, around 350,000 acres of it. Buying real means investing in American agriculture instead of overseas manufacturing.

Unlike artificial trees, which are made of non-biodegradable plastics and can contain metal toxins like lead, real Christmas trees are entirely natural and recyclable. After the holidays, trees can be composted, turned into mulch, used in dune restoration, or donated for wildlife habitat. That’s why more than 4,000 Christmas tree recycling programs operate across the US. If one doesn’t exist, consider opening one as a college project.

Real trees also ensure continuous renewal: for every tree harvested, farmers plant 1 to 3 seedlings the next spring, keeping the cycle alive. They also smell a lot better than plastic.

Most artificial trees, about 80%, according to the US Commerce Department are made in China. Their production and shipping generate significant carbon emissions, and once they are thrown away, they remain in landfills for centuries. While marketed as reusable, studies show an artificial tree must be kept at lea

In Cork, Ireland you can rent a Christmas tree. Maybe they will give off less aggressive VOCs because they aren’t in pain and dying?

rs to offset its environmental impact, and most don’t last that long. The plastic lingers probably forever.

By contrast, real Christmas trees actively clean the air as they grow. A single farmed tree can take 7 years on average to reach typical height, absorbing carbon dioxide and releasing oxygen throughout its life cycle. If you rent a tree, even better.

Real Christmas trees are one of the few agricultural products grown in every US state and across Canada. The top-producing states are Oregon, North Carolina, Michigan, Pennsylvania, Wisconsin, and Washington and these states ship millions of trees nationwide, ensuring that most consumers can purchase a locally sourced product. Christmas tree farms are an actual business.

Buying local reduces transportation emissions and keeps holiday spending circulating within nearby communities.

Christmas tree farms don’t displace forests — they preserve working green space and prevent development. Managed tree fields provide habitat for birds and small mammals, protect soil integrity, and maintain rural ecological balance. In many areas, former agricultural land has been restored through Christmas tree cultivation.

Beyond the environmental and economic arguments, there’s something deeply meaningful about bringing home a real tree. The scent, the feel, the ritual of choosing the perfect one, even if it’s only perfect to you, well these are things an artificial tree simply can’t replicate. A real Christmas tree connects you to nature, to local growers, and to a living cycle that continues long after the decorations come down.

And if you aren’t sold, go for an alternative tree idea. Here are 8 Christmas trees that you can make without cutting down or buying a plastic tree.

Rent a living Christmas tree in California

Rent a live Christmas tree near me
Rent a live Christmas tree near me

It’s coming on Christmas, they’re cutting down trees… but it also stays pretty green. A famous line from Joni Mitchell’s River. If you live in cold and tree hearty Canada, cutting down a tree off your lot makes sense at Christmas time. I have thousands of young pines on my land and I cut them back every summer. They grow like weeds. But if you live in the middle of London, New York or LA, the greener option is obviously renting a potted Christmas tree. Since we covered the story a few years ago a large number of Christmas tree rental companies have opened.

Related: Rent a live potted Christmas tree in Ireland

In Cork, Ireland you can rent a Christmas tree. Maybe they will give off less aggressive VOCs because they aren’t in pain and dying?

In California there the Living Christmas Company in Southern California. They deliver. ]Rent A Living Christmas Tree in the South Bay and Monterey Bay areas. Environment-friendly rental system with drop-off and pickup. Plant Manning Tree Concern rents out live, potted Christmas trees such as redwoods and spruces. Delivery and post-holiday retrieval available in parts of California.  Fitzgeralds Floral Events provides decorated artificial Christmas tree rentals with full setup and removal services in Los Angeles and Orange County.

Related: cut Christmas trees give off nasty chemicals and allergens

You can go to a site or go online, order the tree and pick it up or if if possible have it delivered. A live tree doesn’t shed needles after a few weeks and it’s obviously the ecological choice to cutting down millions of 7 to 15 year old trees every year.

According to the National Christmas Tree Association there are about 30 million trees cut down every year. How about treading lighter on this planet by renting one? We have 8 reasons why it’s better to rent. Consider that some trees in New York are going for a few hundred dollars. Renting seems like an economical choice as well.

1. Environmentally friendly: Renting a living, potted tree keeps it alive after the holidays instead of cutting it down.

2. Reduces waste: No discarded trees piling up on sidewalks or landfills; the tree continues growing year after year.

3. Lower carbon footprint: Living trees actively absorb CO₂, and many rental companies operate locally, reducing transport emissions.

4. Supports reforestation: Most services plant the trees in parks or forests once they outgrow rental size.

5. No storage needed: Unlike artificial trees which offgas you don’t need space to store anything after the holidays.

6. Fresher and safer: A living tree doesn’t dry out, reducing fire risk and shedding fewer needles.

7. Helps local growers and nonprofits: Rentals often support small nurseries, conservation groups, or urban forest programs.

8. Easy delivery and pickup: Most services bring the tree to your door and take it away afterward — low hassle.

Ho, Ho, Ho

Neuralink implant shows man feeding himself

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Interfacing man and machine, Elon Musk says his Neuralink brain implant now links up with any device that can be controlled by a computer or phone.

In a newly released demo, a paralyzed man with an implanted Neuralink chip is shown feeding himself simply by thinking the command — a milestone Musk describes as “the next step in human–AI symbiosis.”

According to Elon Musk, the “next step” and long-term goal for human–AI symbiosis is to achieve a species-level  merger of human brains with artificial intelligence via his company Neuralink’s implantable brain-computer interface devices.

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Neuralink

Last month a Neuralink rival achieved FDA approvals to try its own brain interfacing chip on humans – to help them speak.

Are you a quadriplegic?

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Neuralink implant

Neuralink has also listed its ongoing clinical trials. You can find them here on their website. They are now recruiting for a PRIME Study – an investigational medical device trial for a fully-implantable, wireless brain-computer interface (BCI) –  to evaluate the safety of our implant and surgical robot, and assess the initial functionality of our BCI for enabling people with quadriplegia to control external devices with their thoughts.

This study involves placing a small, cosmetically invisible implant in a part of the brain that plans movements. The device is designed to interpret a person’s neural activity, so they can operate a computer or smartphone by simply intending to move – no wires or physical movement are required.

“This research may help us find safer, more effective ways to implant and use our BCI to potentially restore and enhance computer control and other capabilities. If you have limited or no ability to use both hands due to cervical spinal cord injury or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) you may qualify,” Neuralink advertises.

The Pope visits Lebanon and the site of the deadly Beirut blast

The pope in Beirut

Pope Leo XIV left Rome for a tour of Turkey and Lebanon and prayed Tuesday at the ruins of the 2020 Beirut port explosion, a site that has become a stark symbol of Lebanon’s dysfunction, impunity, and unresolved trauma. His visit marks the final day of his trip to the country.

Relatives of some of the 218 people killed in the blast stood silently as Leo arrived, holding photos of their loved ones. They gathered beside the skeletal remains of the last surviving grain silo and the charred piles of cars ignited by the explosion. Pope Leo stood in silent prayer amid the wreckage.

The August 4, 2020 blast, one of the largest non-nuclear explosions in the history of the world — occurred when hundreds of tons of improperly stored ammonium nitrate detonated in a port warehouse. The explosion tore through Beirut, caused billions of dollars in damage, and devastated entire neighborhoods. The explosion generated a seismic event measuring 3.3 in magnitude, as reported by the United States Geological Survey. Its effects were felt in Lebanon and neighbouring regions, including Syria, Israel, and Cyprus, over 240 km (150 mi) away.

Five years later, families of the victims are still demanding justice. No officials have been convicted, and the judicial investigation has faced years of obstruction. Locals say that the Hezbollah, a terror state, within a state is to blame. Of course it’s hard for people to say that publicly or they will be assassinated in Lebanon.

Beirut port explosion, before and after
Beirut port explosion, before and after

Later, the pope celebrated Mass along the Beirut waterfront, calling for Lebanon to be a “home of justice and fraternity” and a “prophetic sign of peace” in the region.

In his homily, Leo acknowledged the many layers of crisis that have scarred Lebanon, referencing the port blast, economic collapse, and “the violence and conflicts that have reawakened ancient fears.”

He said it is natural for people to feel “paralyzed by powerlessness in the face of evil and oppressed by so many difficult situations.”

But the pope urged the Lebanese not to surrender to despair, insisting that hope and justice are essential parts of the country’s future.

“Let us cast off the armor of our ethnic and political divisions, open our religious confessions to mutual encounter and reawaken in our hearts the dream of a united Lebanon,” he said. “A Lebanon where peace and justice reign, where all recognize each other as brothers and sisters.”

“Lebanon, stand up,” he added. “Be a home of justice and fraternity! Be a prophetic sign of peace for the whole of the Levant!”

Lebanon was never meant to be a Catholic country, but it was designed as a multi-confessional state with political power shared between Christians and Muslims. Under the 1943 National Pact, the president must be a Maronite Christian, giving Christians a guaranteed leadership role. Decades of civil war, demographic shifts seeing Christians flee, and regional conflicts have since eroded that balance, leaving the system strained and often paralyzed.

Gulf’s logistics industry needs to do heavy lifting for the environment

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Matthew Kearns - Acting CEO GWC
Matthew Kearns, Acting CEO, Gulf Warehousing Company Q.P.S.C (GWC)  

 

The Gulf is undergoing an extraordinary phase of transformation, propelled by ambitious national visions aimed at economic diversification, enhanced global competitiveness, and long-term prosperity.

Central to this evolution is the logistics sector – a vital backbone supporting regional trade, supply chain connectivity, and seamless movement of goods across land, air, and sea.

As the logistics industry in the GCC is projected to exceed $100 billion by 2030, its role is expanding beyond economic enablement. It is becoming a key driver in shaping a sustainable future, especially as governments across the region intensify their climate commitments.

Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the UAE, and Oman are all embedding sustainability into their national strategies, prioritizing renewable energy, environmental stewardship, and low-emission growth models.

Logistics sector needs to cut down that 10% For logistics, this is a turning point. As one of the world’s largest contributors to greenhouse gas emissions – responsible for nearly 10% globally – the sector must undergo a structural shift. That means aligning operational efficiency with environmental responsibility and reimagining the sector through the lens of sustainability.

Investments are being directed toward green infrastructure, low-emission transport systems, circular supply chains, and smart warehousing facilities. These efforts are not only reducing environmental footprints but also improving cost-efficiency, resilience, and long-term value creation.

Logistics companies must rise to the occasion. Meeting climate goals requires the industry to prioritize emission reductions, energy efficiency, and responsible resource use across the whole supply chain. This includes adopting renewable energy technologies, redesigning facilities to reduce consumption, and optimizing fleet operations to transition away from fossil fuels.

Bring on the solar power

Harnessing the region’s abundant solar resources though clean energy initiatives presents one of the most powerful opportunities for transformative impact. Combined with the electrification of transport fleets, electric vehicle (EV) charging infrastructure, and energy-efficient route optimization technologies, logistics firms can dramatically cut their Scope 1 and Scope 2 emissions.

Integration of AI and IoT-enabled solutions can also enhance efficiency, leading to smarter inventory and routing decisions.

Waste management is another critical area. Logistics firms are in a unique position to implement and scale circular practices – like reusing packaging materials, recycling pallets, and composting food or organic waste across their networks. These initiatives contribute to resource conservation, reduce landfill dependency, and support broader environmental goals.

Water conservation is equally important in a region where water scarcity remains a major challenge. By deploying sewage treatment systems and using reclaimed water for landscaping or cooling, logistics providers can significantly reduce their impact on water resources while maintaining operational effectiveness.

In terms of infrastructure, modern logistics facilities must be designed with sustainability in mind – incorporating features like skylights for natural lighting, optimized ventilation, and energy-efficient building materials. Green building certifications and carbon footprint reporting are fast becoming industry norms, and they should be embraced not as burdens, but as opportunities to lead.

Equally vital is the power of collaboration. No single company can move the needle alone. Partnerships across the private sector, government agencies, and civil society are essential to developing shared standards, pooling resources for innovation, and ensuring accountability through transparent reporting and benchmarking.

Making the business case

The business case is also compelling.

Clients, investors, and regulators are increasingly demanding sustainable practices. Logistics companies that lead in this space will not only enhance their brand reputation but also unlock access to green financing, attract top talent, and secure a competitive edge in an evolving marketplace.

Ultimately, sustainability in logistics is a necessity. The region’s rapid economic growth must go hand in hand with its environmental responsibilities.

By embedding sustainability into the core of logistics strategy, operations, and culture, the industry can position itself as a leader in climate action and long-term resilience.

 

Solar power brings life to Kurdish village decades after chemical attack

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Survivors get solar panels

Thirty-eight years after Iraqi forces dropped chemical weapons on Sheikh Wasan village, killing 211 civilians – mostly women, children and elderly – the same streets are now lit by clean, off-grid solar energy.

The transformation is the work of the Rwanga Foundation and its founder, Idris Nechirvan Barzani, a young Kurdish businessman and philanthropist who has quietly become one of the region’s most active advocates for renewable energy in post-conflict communities.

On 16 August 1987, Iraqi aircraft and artillery bombarded the Balisan Valley with mustard gas and nerve agents in what is recognised as the first chemical attack against Kurdish civilians – a full eight months before the better-known Halabja massacre. Survivors were rounded up, families separated, and many children died in detention camps.

Today, 72 solar systems – 432 high-efficiency panels in total – power every home, the mosque, the school, the health centre and the Martyrs’ Hall in Sheikh Wasan. For the first time in decades, the village of 281 returned residents has reliable 24-hour electricity.

Sheikh Wasan, a village in the Balisan Valley, was hit with mustard gas and nerve agents on 16 August 1987, killing more than two hundred civilians and separating families in one of the earliest documented chemical assaults on Kurdish communities.
Sheikh Wasan, a village in the Balisan Valley, was hit with mustard gas and nerve agents on 16 August 1987, killing more than two hundred civilians and separating families in one of the earliest documented chemical assaults on Kurdish communities.

“These villages paid the heaviest price under the former regime,” Idris Nechirvan Barzani said. “Providing them with clean, sustainable energy is the least we can do – not as charity, but as restitution and an act of justice.”

Since 2013, Rwanga Foundation has focused on neglected rural communities, and transformed them into fully solar-powered communities, creating local jobs in installation, maintenance and small-scale agriculture that reliable power now makes possible. The Sheikh Wasan project is the latest in a string of initiatives to promote sustainable development in the Iraqi Kurdistan Region.

The village after it was devastated by a chemical attack
The village after it was devastated by a chemical attack

Survivors and their descendants welcomed the new panels as a tangible sign that their suffering has not been forgotten. “We lost entire families to the gas,” said one resident who asked not to be named. “Now our children study under electric light and we can store our produce all year round. This is justice in the form of sunlight.”

Human rights groups have long called for greater international support for Anfal survivors. The solar project, funded entirely through private Kurdish philanthropy, highlights how local initiative is filling the gap left by Baghdad and the international community.

Egypt building nuclear power

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Egypt gets nuclear power plant
Egypt gets nuclear power plant

 

Egypt is building a nuclear energy plant, expected to go online in 2026 when countries like Germany have shut down all its domestic nuclear power. The El Dabaa Nuclear Power Plant is the first nuclear power plant planned for Egypt and will be located at El Dabaa, Matrouh Governorate, Egypt, about 320 kilometers northwest of Cairo.

According to project documents, the plant is expected to generate around 37 billion kWh per year, enough energy to power about 10 million homes. Consider that millions of Egyptians are very poor and use bitumen for cooking.

Egypt is building the nuclear power plant with Russia, and the head of Egypt’s Nuclear Power Plants Authority (NPPA), Sherif Helmy, recently took part in the Young Scientists Forum in the Russian city of Sochi, an event that drew senior international experts and officials in the nuclear energy sector.

This flagship project is aimed at boosting Egypt’s energy capacity and deepening Moscow–Cairo strategic ties.

In a statement, the NPPA said Helmy used the forum’s main session — themed “From the First Russian Nuclear Plant to Global Technological Leadership” — to outline the significant progress at El Dabaa nuclear power project.

He told reporters the installation of the reactor pressure vessel for the first unit, attended remotely by the Egyptian and Russian presidents via video link, marked a historic milestone and underscored strong political backing in both countries.

Helmy said Egypt’s nuclear program aligns with the country’s National Climate Change Strategy 2050, adding that nuclear power plays a critical role in supporting economic and industrial development. He made it clear that current priorities include completing the El Dabaa project on schedule and tracking global advances in small modular reactors (SMRs). Turkey is also steadily developing nuclear energy technology around Eastern Europe and Baltic states.

Helmy praised Egyptian–Russian cooperation, describing it as a solid strategic partnership that is essential for delivering the project’s goals. He said the NPPA is seeking deeper collaboration on peaceful nuclear applications and initiatives to promote nuclear energy across Africa.

Concluding his participation, Helmy said Egypt would continue to train national personnel, strengthen international cooperation and expand scientific and technical capabilities to advance the country’s sustainable energy vision.

Given that the Egyptian Navy can’t save people trapped inside a dive boat from drowning, we have little faith that the Egyptian authorities will be able to manage a nuclear reactor safely.

600 experts fly to Paris to solve climate change for the IPCC

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More than six hundred experts appointed to the three Working Groups of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) are gathering in Paris this week to commence work on the first draft of IPCC’s Seventh Assessment Report (AR7).

Related: Egypt builds one of the world’s largest solar energy parks

This is the first time in IPCC’s history that the three Working Groups are holding a joint Lead Author Meeting.

The authors, from more than 100 countries, will focus their work on the initial drafts of the three Working Group contributions to AR7 and cross-cutting topics. Bringing together authors from all three Working Groups in a single venue aims to enable the IPCC to take an ambitious qualitative leap in assessing key interdisciplinary questions related to climate change.

The IPCC provides the world’s policymakers with comprehensive summaries that synthesise and contextualise what is known about the drivers of climate change, its impacts and future risks, and how adaptation and mitigation can reduce those risks. Through its assessments, the IPCC identifies the strength of scientific agreement in different areas and indicates where further research is needed.

“In this year marking the 10th anniversary of the Paris Agreement, France is proud to host the very first joint meeting of all IPCC authors. This is an opportunity to send a strong message of support for science, which must remain the foundation of our decisions to reduce our emissions everywhere across the world,” said Monique Barbut, Minister of Ecological Transition, Biodiversity and International Negotiations on Climate and Nature.

“The sheer volume and high level of interest that we received from the scientific community to participate in the IPCC is a positive indication of a global commitment to advance climate action policies that are rooted in science,” said Robert Vautard, Co-Chair of Working Group I and senior climate scientist at the National Centre for Scientific Research at Institute Pierre-Simon Laplace, Paris.

IPCC reports are subject to multiple stages of review to ensure a comprehensive, objective and transparent assessment of the current state of knowledge of the science related to climate change. An open and transparent review by experts and governments around the world is an essential part of the IPCC process, to ensure an objective and complete assessment and to reflect a diverse range of views and expertise.

Charbone produces first hydrogen at Quebec’s local “model” UHP plant

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Charbone hydrogen
Charbone produces first local UHP hydrogen

Charbone (TSXV: CH, OTC: CHHYF; FSE: K47) announced that it has successfully installed Phase 1A equipment at its Sorel-Tracy facility and has produced its first molecule of clean Ultra High Purity (UHP) hydrogen. The milestone marks the company’s transition from construction to commercial operation.

The Charbone plant will be built in 5 phases, the first of which will produce more than 200 kilograms of green hydrogen intended for the migration of current industrial users of “grey” hydrogen. The plant will create up to 30 jobs when completed.

Charbone (also known as Charbone Hydrogen Corporation) is a Canadian-based, publicly traded company that develops and produces clean, Ultra High Purity (UHP) green hydrogen and distributes strategic industrial gases. The company recently announced its first hydrogen production at its Sorel-Tracy facility in Quebec.
Charbone (also known as Charbone Hydrogen Corporation) is a Canadian-based, publicly traded company that develops and produces clean, Ultra High Purity (UHP) green hydrogen and distributes strategic industrial gases. The company recently announced its first hydrogen production at its Sorel-Tracy facility in Quebec.

The first production tests were completed over the final weekend of November following the commissioning of CHARBONE’s initial modular UHP hydrogen unit in Quebec. Early results confirmed that the system is functioning as expected and performing within planned technical parameters.

“This marks a key milestone for CHARBONE,” said CEO Dave B. Gagnon. “The successful installation and first production tests demonstrate our team’s execution capabilities. We are now entering the commercial production phase.”

The Sorel-Tracy site is the first decentralized clean UHP hydrogen production facility in Quebec and is positioned as a model for North America. The plant is part of CHARBONE’s five-phase plan to deploy a network of modular hydrogen production facilities across the continent, supported by the company’s growing specialty-gas distribution platform.

CHARBONE develops and produces clean UHP hydrogen and industrial gases through a modular, scalable model designed to support localized clean-energy demand and underserved industrial gas markets. The company is listed on the TSX Venture Exchange, OTC Markets, and the Frankfurt Stock Exchange.

Charbone focuses on developing a network of modular green hydrogen production facilities across North America and selectively in the Asia-Pacific region. They use renewable energy sources, such as hydroelectric power, to produce environmentally friendly hydrogen. A second project is planned for the Great Lakes region in the United States (near Detroit, Michigan).

Wind-powered cargo ship Neoliner sails into Baltimore

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Neoliner

At a time when global shipping is under scrutiny after multiple cargo ship explosions and fires linked to fuel loads, lithium batteries, and overloaded containers, the debut of the Neoliner Origin signals a dramatically different path for maritime transport. Developed by the French company Neoline, Neoliner Origin is the world’s first industrial-scale wind-powered roll-on/roll-off (ro-ro) cargo vessel—built to cut fuel use and emissions by more than 80% and reduce reliance on volatile fossil fuels.

Neoline

The vessel uses rigid wing sails, advanced aerodynamic design, and optimized routing to harness wind as its primary propulsion system. Unlike conventional vessels that depend almost entirely on heavy fuel oil—and whose fuel or cargo can ignite under extreme conditions—Neoliner Origin is engineered to minimize combustible fuel loads. This alone positions it as a safer and more sustainable alternative in a sector increasingly rattled by catastrophic maritime accidents.

Related: Ecoclipper sets sail to deliver cargo by sail

Neoline’s model is simple but revolutionary: revive proven elements of maritime tradition, combine them with cutting-edge engineering, and create a commercial shipping line connecting France, Canada, and the United States with near-zero-emission sail-powered vessels. The company aims to provide shippers with a logistics option that is resilient to fuel price spikes, port restrictions, and the physical dangers associated with transporting hazardous cargo in conventional ships.

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green shipping technologyThe arrival of Neoliner Origin to the port in Baltimore represents more than technological novelty—it suggests a new direction for global trade. Wind propulsion, once displaced by diesel engines, is re-emerging as one of the only scalable, immediately deployable solutions capable of drastically reducing emissions while improving safety.

As cargo ship fires and explosions grow more frequent, Neoline’s approach offers a compelling blueprint: a return to wind, no more oil spills and cargo transport upgraded for the 21st century.

 

More investments of 1.2 GW in Benban solar, Egypt

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Benban solar park from above shows the individual solar units operating alone and delivering energy together
Benban solar park from above shows the individual solar units operating alone and delivering energy together

Egypt’s Ministry of Electricity and Renewable Energy, the Egyptian Electricity Transmission Company, and a consortium comprising Infinity Power and Hassan Allam Utilities Energy Platform signed an agreement to jointly develop solar power projects at Benban Solar, one of the world’s largest solar energy parks in Egypt. The new project will be a total installed capacity of 1.2GW of solar energy, coupled with the construction of a 720MWh battery energy storage system.

Benban solar energy plant, one of the biggest in the world is on the map in Egypt

According to the agreement, the project will be advanced in two phases across different regions of Egypt. The first phase involves building a new 200MW solar power plant with a supporting 120MWh energy storage system in the Benban Solar Park, Aswan area. This solar park already provides power to about 1 million Egyptian homes.

The new plant is scheduled to commence commercial operation in the third quarter of 2026.

The second phase of the project will construct a larger 1GW solar facility in Minya Governorate area of Egypt, equipped with 600MWh of storage capacity, targeting grid connection in the third quarter of 2027.

Egypt’s Minister of Electricity, Mahmoud Esmat, stated during the signing ceremony that the project’s large-scale energy storage facilities will effectively enhance the grid’s peak shaving and valley filling capabilities, providing crucial technical support for the large-scale integration of renewable energy.

Infinity Power is a joint venture between Egypt’s Infinity and the UAE’s Masdar, a global investor in renewable energy. Both partners already have operational project experience within the Benban park. Hassan Allam Utilities Energy Platform is co-controlled by the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development and currently manages 2.3GW of projects under construction and a 1.65GW project pipeline, covering renewable energy sectors like wind and solar power.

This project aligns closely with Egypt’s renewable energy development strategy. It is reported that Egypt’s allocation for the electricity and renewable energy sector in the 2025 to 26 fiscal year has been increased to $2.8 billion USD, nearly doubling compared to the previous fiscal year, with the goal of raising the share of clean energy in the power mix to 20% by 2026.

Upon completion, this 1.2GW project will help propel Egypt towards its long-term targets of achieving 42% renewable energy by 2030 and 65% by 2040. If Egypt is successful on this path it can start exporting energy and revive the Desertec dream of uniting Africa’s solar energy to buyers in Europe.

Benban solar in Egypt and the companies that make the energy shine

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Aerial view of Benban Solar Park in Aswan, one of the world’s largest solar power installations, Rows of solar panels at Egypt’s Benban Solar Park producing renewable energy in the desert, Benban Solar Park in southern Egypt showing large-scale photovoltaic arrays, Solar energy farm at Benban illustrating Egypt’s clean energy transition, Panoramic image of Benban Solar Park highlighting massive desert-based solar fields, Close-up of photovoltaic panels at the Benban Solar Park renewable energy project.
BenBan Solar Park from above

In the deserts near Aswan, Egypt the Benban Solar Park stands as one of the world’s largest renewable-energy experiments — a massive solar ecosystem that behaves less like a single power station and more like a telecommunications network. With a total installed capacity of 1.65 gigawatts (GW) and annual generation of about 3.8 terawatt-hours, Benban is big enough to change how Egypt powers its homes, industries, and future.

The idea for Benban began taking shape around 2014, when Egypt launched an ambitious plan to transform its energy mix through a national Feed-in Tariff (FiT) program. Construction accelerated between 2016 and 2018, with 41 separate solar plants being developed simultaneously by dozens of companies. The park began coming online in phases starting in 2018, and full commercial operation was achieved in 2019, marking a turning point in Egypt’s renewable-energy landscape.

Benban isn’t a single solar plant at all, but a collection of 41 facilities, each developed by different companies but connected through shared infrastructure. This structure is what makes Benban unique: dozens of developers working like nodes in a vast energy network, each feeding electricity into shared substations and Egypt’s national grid. In telecom terms, each company operates its own “tower,” but the backbone system is shared, coordinated, and standardized so the entire network functions seamlessly.

Mostafa Abdelfatah

 

“The first time I came here, there was nothing but sand,” recalls Mostafa Abdelfatah, the project manager at Benban. “But the sunshine immediately struck me as a great opportunity to produce clean energy. Benban is now one of the largest solar parks in the world, with millions of photovoltaic panels, providing electricity to more than one million homes,” he said.

Benban solar park from above shows the individual solar units operating alone and delivering energy together
Benban solar park from above shows the individual solar units operating alone and delivering energy together

A wide range of companies helped create the Benban complex, from global renewable-energy giants to regional and local developers. Major players include Scatec, ACWA Power, EDF Renewables, Infinity Power, Hassan Allam, and ElSewedy Electric. These developers financed, built, and now operate their respective slices of Benban under Egypt’s FiT framework and long-term power purchase agreements with the national electricity utility. The FiT scheme originally offered rates of 14.34 US cents per kilowatt-hour, later adjusted to around 8.4 cents, reflecting declining solar costs and competitive tenders.

For investors in solar energy, these long-term, government-backed contracts created a rare combination in an emerging market: stable returns, predictable cash flow, and strong multilateral support from development banks. For Egypt, it meant unlocking billions in renewable-energy investment without burdening the state with upfront capital costs.

The benefits extend far beyond balance sheets. Benban provides enough clean electricity to power over one million Egyptian homes. Individual plants generate enough energy for tens of thousands of households, creating a cumulative national impact. For everyday Egyptians — particularly lower-income families vulnerable to grid instability, rising diesel costs, or seasonal electricity cuts — Benban represents a major step toward more reliable, stable, and affordable power.

The structure of Benban offers several strategic advantages. Shared infrastructure reduces construction costs and environmental footprints. If one plant requires maintenance, dozens of others continue operating, ensuring steady output. Standardized engineering requirements mean that all plants align to the same grid specifications and safety protocols, reducing risks of outages or instability. It is the same logic used in telecommunications: many operators, one harmonized network.

Consider Banban a model and a training hub

Benban has also become a critical training ground for Egypt’s next generation of solar engineers, technicians, and energy managers. Thousands of Egyptians were employed in construction and operations, and many now work across the Middle East and Africa on new solar ventures, exporting Egypt’s clean-energy expertise.

Perhaps through Benban the old Desertec idea of uniting all of Africa using solar energy, can be re-ignited.

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Desertec was a consortia developed to bring solar energy from Africa up to Europe

On a national scale, Benban reduces Egypt’s dependence on imported fossil fuels and frees up natural gas for industrial use or export. Solar power provides price stability, helping insulate poorer households from global fuel market volatility. Many Egyptian homes still burn polluting bitumen to cook their food. It also advances national climate targets by avoiding millions of tons of carbon emissions over its lifetime.

How investors can get involved in Egypt’s solar future?

Even though Benban is complete, Egypt’s solar opportunity is not. Investors can participate through:

  • New utility-scale tenders — Egypt continues to commission large solar plants, especially around Aswan, Kom Ombo, and the Red Sea.
  • IPP (Independent Power Producer) models — Private developers can propose and build solar facilities with long-term power purchase agreements.
  • Distributed solar — Schools, factories, farms, and commercial buildings in Egypt are increasingly adopting rooftop solar, often with private financing.
  • Green bonds and renewable-energy funds — Egyptian and regional banks issue climate-oriented financial instruments linked to solar expansion.
  • Partnerships with local companies — Firms like Infinity, ElSewedy Electric, and Hassan Allam frequently collaborate with foreign investors and technology partners.

For international investors, Egypt offers stable demand, abundant sunlight, a government keen on energy diversification, and a proven track record of delivering large-scale solar projects. For everyday Egyptians, each new solar facility strengthens the grid and makes energy access fairer and more resilient. Consider investments in Sinai that could benefit Gaza as it’s being rebuilt?

 

OECD: Renewable Energy Expansion Must Avoid New Ecological Trade-Offs

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Storks on solar panels
Storks on solar panels, Image via Critter Control in Boston

The latest OECD Environmental Outlook focusses on the triple planetary crisis of climate change, biodiversity loss and pollution.

The OECD, or the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, is a global policy forum that brings together high-income democracies to address some of the world’s biggest challenges and promote liberty and prosperity. It develops policies to protect individual freedoms and improve the economic and social well-being of people worldwide. The organisation studies issues such as health, education, trade and taxation — and over the last two decades, climate change has become one of its most urgent areas of focus.

The OECD has recently published a major climate change report (link at the end of the article) that companies and governments must understand. It outlines essential policy tools and highlights the need to manage potential trade-offs — for example, ensuring that rapid renewable-energy deployment does not unintentionally damage natural habitats or create new waste-management challenges when technologies reach end-of-life.

According to the latest analysis, climate change is projected to overtake land-use change as the leading driver of biodiversity loss by 2050, intensifying pressures on terrestrial and marine ecosystems. In turn, biodiversity loss weakens ecosystem resilience to extreme weather and pollution, directly affecting air, water and soil quality. As land use shifts, we can also expect more flooding and wider challenges in wildlife management — as seen in recent bear attacks in Canada and Japan.

The new OECD Outlook emphasizes that policies addressing each environmental challenge are deeply interconnected. Climate mitigation policies that curb greenhouse gas emissions can also reduce co-emitted air pollutants. At the same time, expanding solar and wind power — essential for cutting emissions — can create new pressures on biodiversity if not carefully planned.

“Understanding the linkages between environmental challenges like climate change, biodiversity loss and pollution is essential for designing effective policy responses,” OECD Secretary-General Mathias Cormann said. “By co-ordinating their policy measures aimed at addressing these challenges, countries can more effectively advance their environmental objectives in line with their unique circumstances.”

The report examines national documents across ten countries — Argentina, Australia, Canada, China, France, India, Indonesia, Japan, Peru and Uganda — to illustrate how governments recognise these connections. While all countries acknowledge the two-way interlinkages between climate change, biodiversity loss and pollution in their Biennial Transparency Reports and National Biodiversity Strategies and Action Plans, gaps remain. What needs improvement? The report suggests that students, researchers and policymakers look closely at these findings to understand how to contribute to better environmental governance.

Overall, links between climate change and biodiversity are relatively well covered in national strategies, but the relationships involving pollution — including how climate and biodiversity pressures heighten pollution risks — are often missing. Policies designed to explicitly manage trade-offs, especially around pollution, remain limited.

To address these issues, the OECD identifies several practical levers for more integrated and effective policy action:

  • Align financing and investment with interconnected climate, biodiversity and pollution objectives.

  • Manage trade-offs in the clean-energy transition, including land pressures, material demand and end-of-life impacts.

  • Transform resource use and advance circular-economy approaches to reduce waste, pollution and demand for primary materials.

  • Improve the sustainability of food systems and land use to cut emissions, strengthen biodiversity and enhance resilience to climate and water stress.

::OECD climate change report

Cat stressed? This Japanese app uses AI to speak to your furry friend

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Cat cafe in Japan
Cat cafe in Japan. Signs that the cats may be sick
Cats are not like dogs in so many ways. Your dog will nudge you when he’s sick. He will mope and make his behavior clear that he’s not happy. But cats? The signs of cats being sick or stressed out aren’t very clear. And if you’ve ever visited Japan at a cat cafe or walked the streets you will see how much they adore their cats – giving them treats, special toys, and wheeling them around in baby carriages. Now, they’ve invented an app to help you know.

A Japanese company called Rabo currently makes a smart collar for cats and uses the motto, “Because nine lives are never enough” has started using AI to monitor feline stress levels. The collar is called Catlog_ and sells for ¥14,850 ($102) and is now for sale at half price.

Related: Can CBD oil help your stressed out cat? 

Rabo named its smart pendant “Catlog_” and sells it for ¥14,850 ($102), although it’s currently on sale at half that sum.

Cat stress app in Japan
Cat stress app in Japan

The collar can detect when your cat eats, drinks, sleeps, runs, walks, and cleans itself. It can check if the cat is stressed, if you aren’t around to notice these signs. Rabo pushes this data into a smartphone app that allows Japanese cat owners to monitor their kitties remotely. Is this what Japanese people are watching on the train?

Young woman with a Japanese cat

The app is currently used by 46,00 furrr babies and the data can be used to help vets diagnose cats.

A similar concept was developed more than a decade ago by an Israeli entrepreneur who called his product Hachiko, and it was a smart tag and app that monitored pet health and named for the famous and loyal Japanese dog that would great its owner every day after work in Shibuya. A pet food company in Egypt is also called Hachiko, proof that the love of pets transcends borders.

 

 

How to repurpose oil railway tracks using a German Monocab

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It isn’t a grand idea like the Orient Express or a luxury train through Saudi Arabia (the Dream of the Desert) but a German R&D project piques curiosity on its feasibility to repurpose inner city and suburban railways. It helps urban and suburban renewable and seniors get around.

In New York, old rail lines were turned into The High Line, a gorgeous urban park platform full of urban gardens, art and the best ice cream sandwiches you’ll find in the world. It’s a must when you visit New York. Tel Aviv’s train lines, the ones that travelled from Jaffa to Beirut and from Jaffa to Jerusalem have also got an upgrade — into an urban center and shopping area called The Tachana, or The Station. Dog parks, playgrounds and cafes line the old rail tracks that are still apparent when you take a stroll.

How many cities and suburban areas have out of commission rail tracks?

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The German innovators, a collection of researchers and city planners, are hoping to put oil train tracks to use by creating monorail cabs that can traverse the lines already laid down. This is especially important in the countryside where older people don’t drive and small towns are dwindling as people move to the cities for better access to resources. The cabs roll on one wheel, are stabilised by a gyroscope and allow two in opposite directions to pass one another.

They are called Monocab Owls. The pictures speak for themselves. And if anyone has ever lived through an urban improvement period as I have in Jaffa, you will know it can tear down trees (see how ecologists fought the city and won!), it costs millions of dollars, the dust and pollution is horrendous and it takes years of unpleasantness for residents. In Jaffa, dozens if not a hundred retail businesses were decimated in the process of building the cities Light Rapid Train. A Monocab could be a great solution until we all get renewably powered Jetson cabs that fly in the sky.

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The Monocab project is a collaboration of many partners and include Ostwestfalen-Lippe University of Applied Sciences, the Bielefeld University of Applied Sciences, the Fraunhofer IOSB-INA, the RailCampus OWL, and the Lippe district.

The project funding is provided as part of the implementation of the operational program of the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) in North Rhine-Westphalia, with co-financing by the Ministry for Environment, Nature Conservation, and Transport of the state of North Rhine-Westphalia.

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We’d love to see this low-cost solution developed in suburban centers allowing residents to enjoy mobility without the cost of developing new infrastructure that can cost millions.

By investing in ideas like Monocab Owl, the EU is revolutionising sustainable commuting. This gyro-stabilised monorail offers autonomous, on-demand transport, boosting rural connectivity. A big yes for the environment.

Dead shark on beach injured by fishing nets

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Dead shark injured by fishing nets
Dead shark injured by fishing nets

 

A dead shark that washed ashore this week at Beit Yanai beach in Israel has renewed concerns about the health of Israel’s marine ecosystems — and the growing risks humans face as climate and coastal pressures intensify.

Beachgoers reported the shark early in the morning, one of several unusual strandings seen along Israel’s coast this year. Marine biologists are investigating the cause of death, but early theories point to two escalating stressors: over-fishing, warming waters and desalination impacts.

Dead shark injured by fishing nets Dead shark injured by fishing nets Dead shark injured by fishing nets

Israel’s coastal waters are warming faster than the global average, drawing larger predators like sharks closer to shore in search of cooler currents and shifting prey. Earlier this year a man was fatally attacked by a shark while diving off the coast — a rare but stark reminder that marine behavior is changing.

At the same time, scientists warn that intensive desalination, now underpinning Israel’s national water supply, is subtly reshaping coastal ecosystems. While water is being pumped to replenish a shrinking Sea of Galilee, desalinated water is energy intense.

Brine discharge alters salinity and temperature gradients, influencing fish distribution and potentially disorienting species highly sensitive to environmental change, including sharks and sea turtles.

This is part of a wider pattern of marine disruption in the region. A whale was recently found and dragged to Gaza, where desperate residents butchered and consumed it — a grim indicator of ecological collapse intersecting with humanitarian crisis. Meanwhile, Israel’s sea turtles, already struggling against plastic pollution and beach development, face these shifting conditions on multiple fronts. This man is protecting sea turtles in the Mediterranean Sea. Find out how. 

The dead shark at Beit Yanai may be just one animal, but it reflects a system under stress. Israel’s Mediterranean coastline — once a relative refuge — is becoming hotter, more crowded, and more industrially burdened. Without serious regional cooperation on marine protection, more strandings, more unpredictability, and more human–wildlife conflict are likely on the horizon. And consider just up the sea, in Lebanon, people are fishing with dynamite. 

Microplastics Are Becoming Superbug Highways — New Study Warns Beachgoers to Wear Gloves

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Emily May Stevenson finds that microplastics are vectors for pathogens
Emily May Stevenson finds that microplastics are vectors for pathogens

If you’ve ever picked up plastic on a beach cleanup, you may have held more than trash in your hands. A new study shows microplastics are rapidly colonized by pathogenic and antimicrobial-resistant bacteria — turning tiny plastic pellets, wrappers and bottles littering the beach into traveling vehicles for disease.

RELATED: microplastics in plastic orthodontics aligners 

Microplastics — plastic fragments under 5 mm — now blanket every part of the planet. They are in plastic aligners used in orthodontics, and are in the air we breath. More than 125 trillion pieces drift through the ocean, with more found in rivers, soils, animals, and even the human body.

But scientists tell Green Prophet that the danger isn’t just the plastic itself: it’s the Plastisphere, the microbial biofilm that forms on each particle.

A team led by Dr. Emily Stevenson (Plymouth Marine Laboratory & University of Exeter) sent us a new study saying that they found that microplastics in real environmental conditions, from hospital wastewater to coastal waters, carry pathogens and antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) bacteria at every stage of their journey.

microplastics at sea
Microplastics are tiny and they collecting pathogens at sea

Their study, Sewers to Seas, tested five substrates — bio-beads, nurdles, polystyrene, wood, and glass — placed along a waterway flowing from high-pollution zones toward the sea. After two months, metagenomic analysis revealed: Pathogens and AMR bacteria were found on all plastics, at all sites.

What they found as data

  • Polystyrene and nurdles posed the highest AMR risk, likely due to their ability to absorb antibiotics and promote biofilm growth.
  • Over 100 unique AMR gene sequences were found on microplastic biofilms — far more than on natural materials like wood.
  • Some pathogens became more abundant downstream, riding microplastics from sewage outflows toward beaches.
  • Environmental conditions strongly shaped bacterial communities and AMR prevalence.
  • Microplastics near aquaculture sites may pose biosecurity risks for shellfish and filter feeders.

Each microplastic particle can act as a miniature, mobile petri dish, transporting superbugs from hospital wastewater to swimming beaches and seafood beds.

“This study highlights the pathogenic and AMR risk posed by microplastics littering our oceans and coasts,” said Dr. Stevenson. “We strongly recommend volunteers wear gloves during beach cleanups and wash hands afterward.”

Prof. Pennie Lindeque added that microplastics “act as carriers for antimicrobial-resistant bacteria, enhancing their survival and spread… each particle becomes a tiny vehicle capable of transporting pathogens from sewage works to beaches, swimming areas and shellfish-growing sites.”

Senior Lecturer Dr. Aimee Murray concluded: “Microplastics aren’t just an environmental issue — they may be spreading antimicrobial resistance.”

The big picture

As microplastics continue to accumulate globally, researchers warn the Plastisphere could worsen the spread of superbugs. The study calls for: better waste management, stronger monitoring of microplastic pathways, urgent reductions in plastic discharge and an integrated strategies across wastewater, healthcare, and marine policy.

Musk’s Saudi Mega-Data Center Signals a Desert Arms Race for AI

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Elon Musk in Washington
Elon Musk in Washington

Elon Musk has never been shy about grand declarations and funding Iranian dissidents, but his latest announcement landed with particular force in Washington last week. Standing beside Nvidia CEO Jensen Huang and Saudi Arabia’s communications minister Abdullah Alswaha, Musk revealed plans for a 500-megawatt xAI data center to be built in the Kingdom — a facility nearly twice the size of xAI’s Colossus 1 in Memphis.

Saudi Arabia is investing a trillion USD in the US economy and pulling companies over to Riyadh is part of the plan. This rivals Dubai which for the last 15 years has been the Middle East investment capital. Saudi Arabia normalizing with Israel and the New Middle East is taking the UAE example to diversify its economy when oil is no longer a viable business. It’s not a question if, it’s a question of when.

“It’s going to be one of the most powerful clusters ever built,” Musk said, adding that the project, developed with HUMAIN AI, represents “a massive leap forward for global computation.” HUMAIN AI, a newcomer created with backing from Saudi Arabia’s Public Investment Fund, fueled by ARAMCO, Saudi’s oil company will anchor the joint venture.

As with most of the world’s current AI arms race, the beating heart of the center will be Nvidia chips, which have become the gold standard for training frontier models.

Huang, who has spent the year bouncing between Silicon Valley, Singapore, and the Gulf, announced a separate 100-megawatt data center for Amazon Web Services powered by Nvidia hardware. “This is just the beginning,” he said. “We’re aiming for gigawatt scale. The demand for accelerated computing is rising faster than any of us predicted.”

These kinds of deals can be run on solar power and possibly green hydrogen which Saudi Arabia is pioneering.

“Humanoid robots will be the biggest product ever,” Musk said: “Perhaps in the four or five-year time frame, the lowest-cost way to do AI compute will be with solar-powered AI satellites.”

All this unfolded one day after the U.S. and Saudi Arabia unveiled a Memorandum of Understanding on AI, designed to give the Kingdom access to advanced American systems while “protecting U.S. technology from foreign influence,” according to the White House. In diplomatic speak, that means Washington wants to ensure Riyadh remains on the Western tech grid rather than drifting toward Beijing’s orbit.

Related: Is your company investing in Riyadh or Dubai? 

Yet behind the spectacle lies a more grounded story: Saudi Arabia is betting its post-oil future on computation. The Kingdom has land, capital and political will — and it wants to become indispensable to the world’s AI supply chain.

Environmental analysts, however, are asking harder questions. A 500-megawatt data center is effectively a new industrial city. “Where is the clean power coming from?” “If this is fueled by oil or gas, it simply shifts the carbon problem upstream.”

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Red Sea pod hotel the Shebara Resort

Saudi officials insist renewable capacity is accelerating. The Kingdom has sunlight in abundance, and giga-scale construction and solar projects are rising across the desert and into the sea.

Atlas Mountain eco retreat at the Kasbah

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As our twins enter their last year of high school, we are acutely aware of the passage of time. We feel a strong pull to linger and savour our moments together. So at the end of the summer, with our national airline in Canada on the verge of a strike, we booked a 10-day trip to Morocco.  Looking to slow down our experience of time, we wanted to learn from people with different stories and life paths.

We focused on doing and learning.  We crafted with master artisans – carving wood, etching plaster and stamping copper. We cooked tagines and couscous with a local family, baked bread in the community oven, and walked the winding pathways of medina streets in Marrakesh and Fez. We travelled by train and car while delighting in raw landscapes, beautifully spiced food, colourful architecture, and connecting deeply with the people we met.

Between Marrakesh and Fez, we booked 2 nights in the small mountain village of Imlil, in the High Atlas Mountains, to experience nature and life outside Morocco’s more urban centres. Despite its proximity to and easy travel from Marrakesh, Imlil felt dramatically different. We stayed at the Kasbah du Toubkal which is much more than a boutique hotel.

Entrance to the Kasbah by Karen Spector

The Kasbah du Toubkal

The Kasbah du Toubkal is set high on a hilltop overlooking the village of Imlil with North Africa’s highest peak, Mount Toubkal, behind it. Unique in its approach to tourism, the Kasbah was founded upon and reflects an intentional set of ethical principles that aims to promote Berber values of hospitality, community connection, environmental preservation and cultural harmony.

View to the restaurant perch from the pool
View to the restaurant perch from the pool

The Kasbah is grounded in a story of true partnership and friendship between two people, British and Berber, which is infused into every aspect. Mike McHugo and Hajj Maurice met in 1978 and the Kasbah opened in 1995, with the shared belief that the Kasbah be built in collaboration and connection with the local Berber community.

The original Kasbah before it was renovated into an eco hotel
The original Kasbah in Imlil before it was renovated into an eco hotel

Hajj Maurice and his wife Hajja Arkia (who welcomed us with a hug) along with their team from the local community, manage the day to day operations. A core value of the Kasbah is to share the beauty of Toubkal National Park with anyone who respects it, thereby offering a range of accommodation and pricing to ensure it is widely accessible to a diverse group of guests.

The arrival

Only 1.5 hours from Marrakesh, up winding pink mountainous roads, we arrived at the Berber village of Imlil in anticipation of the mystery that awaited us. After a warm greeting, we began our walk up a steep rugged trail to the Kasbah, passing by families from the local communities and towering gnarled walnut trees, grateful to the mule accompanying us, our bags strapped to her back. After 15 minutes, we reached the dark etched wooden doors of the Kasbah eager to experience what lay beyond them.

The Kasbah’s doors opened into a mystical realm of intricate stone pathways, arched doorways and hidden alleyways. Nature surrounds, with mature fruit trees, colourful flowers, looming mountains, villages and waterfalls dotting the landscape. Large sitting areas with colourful traditional decor and fireplaces, interspersed throughout, offer panoramic views and facilitate connection among guests.

We were welcomed with fresh mint tea and nuts which we enjoyed while sinking into colourful pillows, the imposing mountains ablaze with the bright afternoon sun. We could hear the soulful call to prayer being sung from the village mosques further grounding us in this spiritual moment. Our kids sat at the edge of the newly built infinity pool looking out on the multi-coloured rock, still processing the previous days’ experiences in Marrakesh.

We ate dinner on the upper terrace as the sun set across the valley, the sun illuminating the towering peaks surrounding us. Dinner, prepared in house, included warm fresh bread with butter, black and green olives, potato soup eaten with long wooden ladles, fresh dates, and chicken tagine with preserved lemons, potatoes rice and carrots – beautifully presented on clay dishes.

That night we went to sleep in our family suite to the cacophony of sounds from the surrounding villages echoing across the valley, of children playing, and animals bellowing, making the mountains feel alive and comforting in the darkness of the night.

The Kasbah offers many types of accommodation from en-suite rooms, to full private self-contained houses. We stayed in a two-level family suite with colourful decor, hand-woven carpets and carved wooden doors. Upstairs there was a full kitchen, living room, dining room, indoor fireplace, and an outdoor terrace overlooking fruit-laden fig trees. The Kasbah also offers its guests the opportunity to sleep under the stars on carpets and under blankets which we hope to experience someday.

Mount Toubkal and Trekking

The next morning, we woke up early for a guided hike arranged by the Kasbah. We fueled up with breakfast from a display of wooden bowls filled with nuts, dried fruits (prunes, figs, apricots), cereal, and yogurt. The warm bread and crepes were served with butter, cheese, honey, hardboiled eggs, and freshly squeezed orange juice.

Breakfast at the Kasbah. By Karen Spector
Breakfast at the Kasbah. By Karen Spector

We set off with our guide, Abdul, on a half day rigorous hike. Following a stream, we eased in with a tour of local villages, then up a steep climb through the Toubkal National Park. Mountain trails took us through turquoise, red, orange and purple boulders where we spotted elusive squirrels darting in and out of the rocky cracks. We passed bee hives, apple orchards, and snacked on wild blackberries. We descended steep stairs built into the rocks to waterfalls, where families splashed in swimming holes and enjoyed tagines cooked on open coals.

Our guide told us stories of village life and explained the nature all around us. He told us his father used to ski between villages in winter until global warming took away most of the snow and that before electricity arrived in 1997, people used to communicate by yelling across the valley. These few hours only gave us a taste of the potential to explore this rugged region. The Kasbah offers multi-day treks including the ascent of Mount Toubkal.

Kasbah in Imlil
Trekking around Imlil by Karen Spector

That afternoon, we swam in the Kasbah’s new infinity pool, that holds a 270-degree vista of the surrounding mountains, villages and valleys. This pool was added during a major rebuild after an earthquake in September 2023 devastated the area and destroyed parts of the Kasbah. It is a beautiful addition that can be enjoyed by families. We met other guests from England and Wales who were resting up by the pool before commencing their multi-day trek up Mount Toubkal.

Rebuilding after the earthquake by Alan Keohane
Infinity pool by Alan Keohane
Infinity pool by Alan Keohane

After our swim, we visited the traditional Hammam on the grounds of the Kasbah. Wooden doors enclose a room full of hot steam heated by wood fire. We covered ourselves with black soap and an exfoliating glove softened our skin. We felt even more alive after the cold plunge in the marbled mosaic tile bath under the high arches and windows to the sky.

Connection to the local community

A core principle of the Kasbah is to ensure that it operates in harmony with and of benefit to the surrounding communities recognizing that it is itself a guest of the local Berbers and seeking to learn. A 5% levy is charged on the Kasbah’s services which is then directed to the Imlil Village Association to fund community projects including: building the first community hammam (bath house), creating a garbage disposal system, initiating the first two ambulances to serve the area, improving water safety in surrounding villages, and the creation of the organization Education For All to promote access to secondary education for girls from the High Atlas mountains including the building of a home for girls to board while attending school away from their families.

The Kasbah funds education for students in Imlil
The Kasbah funds education for students in Imlil

The founders’ longstanding commitment to education emanated from when they began leading educational tours in Morocco for school and college students long before the Kasbah was built.

Sustainability

The Kasbah was created in accordance with the principles of responsible tourism and sustainability. Highly conscious of the risk of greenwashing, the founders have intentionally sought to ensure the Kasbah benefits the community and also protects cultural traditions. Built before there was electricity in the region, workers from the surrounding villages used traditional building techniques (without electrical tools) and local materials, carried in by hand or with the assistance of mules. The fresh spring water is safe for drinking, and the Kasbah encourages the use of re-usable water bottles rather than plastic ones. The fruits, vegetables and meat are all locally sourced.

Standing on the terrace staring out at the mesmerizing landscape as the sun set behind High Atlas mountains, I reflect upon the passage of time in our parenting journey. Words cannot capture the mystery of the Kasbah du Toubkal – the magic of which must be experienced.

Walking well-trodden mountain pathways, eating fresh local food, and learning about the transformative work embedded in the Kasbah’s approach to tourism has now been imparted to our children. We hope, in turn, these experiences will serve to inform their contributions in the world as they continue to grow. Don’t wait, Morocco is on everyone’s bucket list. Growth and change are inevitable.

::Kasbah du Toubkal website

Karen Spector
Karen Spector

 

Karen Spector lives in Toronto with her husband, three kids, and three cats. She loves to engage in slow travel with her family, explore nature, and learn about local crafting and colourful textiles.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Natural Relief For Menopausal Hot Flashes

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sage tea for hot flashes

Menopause isn’t a disease.

That was the first thing I thought when I saw questions women asked Google about menopause. One asked “how to prevent the horrors of menopause.” Another asked “what are the worst symptoms of menopause.” As if menopause were a disease.

Menopause is part of the human condition, like adolescence. We regard bodily changes and mood swings as normal in a teenage girl adjusting to womanhood. Books and articles discussing the female adolescent body and psyche abound. But an adult woman’s menopausal challenges often go unsupported, regarded as a lot of complaints that the busy doctor has heard a thousand times before, and quickly dismisses with a prescription for hormone or estrogen replacement therapy (HRT/ERT).

With 1.3 million American women entering menopause every year, it’s clear that medical support has to advance. And it is, slowly, becoming the issue of the moment, as an article published by the Yale School of Medicine discusses.

Still, modern medicine’s blanket remedy for the discomfort and stress of menopausal hot flashes is HRT or ERT. Here we offer alternative suggestions that can help a woman suffering  menopausal lightning strikes to go through her day and night more comfortably.

Disclaimer: the following does not address deep health issues related to menopause and does not replace medical advice.

Clothes. Wear layers you can quickly remove and put back on as needed. Many women feel freezing when the hot flash passes and leaves them sweaty. Avoid cotton and petroleum-based fabrics, which either soak sweat up and stay damp, or trap sweat on the body. Search for clothes made from breathable fabrics like hemp. Or scour thrift shops for vintage silk clothing. (This company turns body heat into electricity)

Modify your environment. Place an electric fan near or on your desk to turn on the second a hot flash starts. Keep the room temperature on the cool side. Keep an old-fashioned paper fan in your bag to relieve the heat when you’re in the bus, or the subway, or waiting in line somewhere.

Eat and drink well to treat yourself best. Don’t stress yourself with dieting (unless your health requires it). Eat small, frequent meals to stay energetic without loading your digestion and bringing on hot flashes. There are foods to avoid, and foods that help.

You might notice that a cup of coffee or a cocktail will drive hot flashes. A spicy curry might do the same. Do you get a hot flash after smoking? Decide if stopping  caffeine, booze, strong spices and nicotine is worth the deprivation if it reduces those hot flashes. (Maybe date coffee instead?) Some women find that eating foods high in sugar or fats, and especially mass-produced salty snacks, make them flash for hours afterward. Pay attention to your body’s signals.

You hardly need reminding that fresh, hopefully organic foods contribute to all-over health. Go for whole grains, fresh leafy greens and colorful root vegetables, and fresh fruit. Unless there are issues like lactose intolerance, eat yogurt for its important calcium content. Look for yogurts that have “bio” on the label. If you choose to eat meat and poultry, avoid  “enhanced” water-plumped products that likely contain salt you’re not counting on.

Sweating through hot flashes depletes minerals. This can make a woman dizzy, cause a big mood swing, or leave her shaky. Seek mineral-rich foods to support your liver and kidneys and reduce hot flashes. A menopausal woman does well consuming at least a cup daily, if not two, of cooked calcium- and iron-rich leafy greens such as broccoli, kale, chard and beet greens.

Wild greens are especially rich in minerals. Cook fresh or dry nettles. Spend a pleasant half hour outdoors on a spring day to forage them, or buy dry nettles at the health food store.

"chickweed salad recipe"
Chickweed in a salad

Other wild favorites are fresh chickweed in late winter or spring. It’s delicious as the main salad ingredient, or tucked into a sandwich instead of lettuce. Fresh chickweed is an especially soothing and cooling food for a menopausal woman. It’s easy to grow at home in a planter.

Summertime purslane is a treat in salads too, and contains a high amount of essential fatty acids. It tends to spring up where it shouldn’t – in flower planters and lawns, for example,. But that makes it easy to find.

Cooked dandelion roots and the tender young leaves nourish the liver and kidneys with a wealth of minerals.

Don’t see yourself going out to forage greens? Culinary herbs offer minerals too. Use them generously in your cooking. Scatter a good handful of parsley or cilantro over the stew before serving. Whizz up home-made pesto with fresh basil. Chop lots of chives up to add to a colorful salad.

Staying hydrated is key. Fill a thermos with cold water or iced herbal tea and keep it close by for a quick cooling drink. The simple infusion following offers refreshment for your overheated, perhaps stressed self.

Soothing Herbal Infusion
Per cup of boiling water:
1 teaspoon crumbled dry raspberry leaves
1 teaspoon dry chamomile flowers
1 teaspoon crumbled oat straw

Infuse the herbs in a closed jar for 1/2 hour or up to 2 hours (put a wooden spoon or chopstick in the jar before pouring the boiling water in, to prevent cracking). Strain. Sweeten if desired.

Best is to make 4 cups at a time and have it around to drink freely all day.

Sage Hot Flash Prevention Tea

fresh sage leaves
Fresh sage leaves

Culinary sage (Salvia officinalis) has a strong estrogen precursor. For women losing estrogen in the menopausal process, sage tea can help reduce hot flashes and night sweats, also supplying minerals lost through heavy sweating.

Infuse 1 teaspoon dry, crumbled sage or 2 teaspoons chopped fresh sage in 1 cup of boiling water, covered. Leave it for 1/2 hour. It’s strong; you may want to sweeten it. Drink 1-2 tablespoons, no more, up to 8 times daily.

Sometimes you can’t control the circumstances. Something triggers anger, grief, or stress. There you go, a hot flash. You may be in a situation where you’re not comfortable reaching for the cold thermos or fanning yourself. Here you just have to close your eyes for a second and make up your mind to see it through. Remind yourself that it’s temporary. Endorse yourself for keeping your cool in a hot moment.

Taking responsibility for your menopausal discomfort requires more time and effort than taking a pill, true. Consider it  an act of self-worth. A thoughtful gift from yourself to your wonderful self.

:: The Yale School of Medicine

 

 

Sex selection kits for embryos available in the US and Canada

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Fetus gender selection

We used to be shocked to hear about gender selection in India (female feticide), while the same practice is now available globally through a gender test. A prick of your finger and you send it back to the company and they can tell you if your blood contains a Y chromosome, suggesting you have a boy.

It used to take an ultrasound and a lot of patience, waiting and time to determine the gender of a child. And even then mistakes were made. But now with Canada is one of the few countries in the world where abortion has no legal gestational limit the question about sex selection of a child has become a national issue. Since the 1988 Supreme Court decision that struck down federal restrictions, abortion is regulated purely as a health service. In practice, most clinics stop at 20 to 23 weeks, but hospitals may go later depending on medical judgment, maternal health, or severe fetal anomalies.

There is no law that prevents an abortion at any stage of pregnancy.

Into this uniquely permissive environment enters a booming American industry, which is also available in Canada: at-home fetal sex tests promising gender results as early as six weeks. One of the most visible brands, SneakPeek, markets itself with bright images of happy parents, its website promising “99% accuracy”, and the ability to bond with your child early.

The test uses a blood draw or lancet sample to detect Y-chromosome fragments in maternal blood — a form of consumer-grade cell-free DNA screening. But there’s an open secret behind the marketing: women aren’t only using these tests for bonding. Some are using them to determine whether to continue the pregnancy.

SneakPeek isn’t alone. Competing brands such as Peekaboo, eGenderTest, and a growing niche of boutique prenatal labs offer early gender testing from six to eight weeks, far earlier than the traditional ultrasound window of 14 to 20 weeks.

Their common denominator: they operate in a largely unregulated consumer space. Unlike full prenatal diagnostic tests, which fall under medical oversight, early gender kits sit in a grey zone — sold directly to consumers without clinical counseling, follow-up, or safeguards against misuse.

For Canadians, these tests which can be sent between borders raise uncomfortable questions. If an expectant mother can know fetal sex at six weeks, and abortion remains legal at any stage, what prevents sex-selective abortion, already documented in parts of Canada’s immigrant communities. This can also happen among non-immigrant communities as well. But consider provinces such as Ontario have seen statistical anomalies showing fewer female births in certain populations — a pattern associated globally with sex-selective practices called female feticide.

Canada once debated legislation that would prohibit abortion “solely for reasons of sex selection,” but no party has touched the issue since — fearing political blowback and the slippery slope of re-introducing limits. Meanwhile, consumer technology is shifting the timeline. What was once a second-trimester question is now a first-trimester decision, made in private, with no doctor involved. The ethical dilemma is not theoretical because it is already happening.

As these tests spread and become cheaper, Canada will eventually need to confront a difficult truth: technology has moved faster than policy. And for now, the companies profiting from the trade bear none of the responsibility — leaving society to navigate the consequences. Reddit forums have users discussing accuracy of the test and who uses it. They can even determine if your twins are identical or not, with 99% accuracy at 10 weeks. (Twin zygosity testing exists, but not all companies offer it — depends on the lab).

One user writes: “12 weeks and had ultrasound. I was hoping I would feel differently after it. I have four boys that I love. I have had gender disappointment with each. I’m pregnant again and did a sneak peek clinical test that was a vein draw and a home test that was a snap test and had both come back boy. I cannot stop hoping for a miscarriage. I am debating termination. I hate myself for this and feel like a terrible mother. I am so depressed. Has anyone been through this? Please don’t judge me.”

A responder writes: “It’s 100% up to you whether you choose to terminate, and that being said, I’m curious as to why a specific set of genitalia matters. There’s a chance that one of your kids could be transgender, and that means one of your current kids could be a girl, and she just hasn’t told you yet.”

Another suggests IVF to select gender “next time”

Iran’s rarest forest is on fire

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Iran's UNESCO forest is on fire

It’s full of rare and endemic species, and it’s a UNESCO heritage site. Iran’s natural treasure, a 1000-kilometer forest, the Hyrcanian forest has been on fire for several days. It stretches from the Caspian Sea and into neighboring Azerbaijan and is home to more than 3,200 kinds of plants. It is home to the Persian leopard and the Steppe eagle.

Related: Iran’s dams and water reservoirs have dried up

Mohammad Jafar Ghaempanah, deputy to Iranian President Massoud Pezeshkian, wrote Friday on X that “faced with the impossibility of containing the fire,” Iran had “requested urgent assistance from friendly countries.”

“Two specialized water bomber planes, a helicopter, and eight people will be dispatched from Turkey,” Shina Ansari, head of the Iranian Environmental Protection Organization, said on Saturday.

“If necessary, we will also seek assistance from Russia,” she added on state television.

The forest is also home to the Rudkhan Castle, a fortress to defend against Arab invaders during the Muslim conquest of Persia.

Rudkhan Castle, also Roodkhan Castle, is a brick and stone medieval fortress in Iran that was built to defend against the Arab invaders during the Muslim conquest of Persia. With the fall of the Sasanian Empire, this area became a defensive position against the Arabs in the then-newly established Tabarestan.

Rudkhan Castle, also Roodkhan Castle, is a brick and stone medieval fortress in Iran that was built to defend against the Arab invaders during the Muslim conquest of Persia. With the fall of the Sasanian Empire, this area became a defensive position against the Arabs in the then-newly established Tabarestan.
With the fall of the Sasanian Empire, this area became a defensive position against the Arabs in the then-newly established Tabarestan.

According to Iran’s Tasnim news agency, the fire was allegedly started by hunters in the rocky area of Elit in the province of Mazandaran, in northern Iran. This goes in parallel with climate change and the most severe droughts that Iran has seen since records began 60 years ago. Some clerics have blamed Israel for stealing the clouds. But it’s known that Iran’s lack of water management is to blame. See our story on the Aral Sea, an inland lake. It’s only gotten worse since we wrote the first article in 2014.

The country is currently facing one of its most severe droughts since records began six decades ago.

The director general of crisis management for Mazandaran province, Hossein Ali Mohammadi, described the operation to extinguish the fire as “one of the most complex in recent years.”

UNESCO says on its website that the Hyrcanian forests contain a “high degree of rare and endemic tree species” and are home to “many relict, endangered” plant species.

According to UNSESO, the forest contains the most important and significant natural habitats for in-situ conservation of biological diversity, including those containing threatened species of outstanding universal value from the point of view of science or conservation. It also contains superlative natural phenomena or areas of exceptional natural beauty and aesthetic importance.

“Iranians are losing a natural heritage that is older than Persian civilization,” Kaveh Madani, a UN scientist and former Iranian environmental official, wrote on X.

attend the prestigious Grand Prix du Design Paris (GPDP) Awards

Green Prophet contributor Ronak Roshan, a sustainability architect in Iran says that climate change and bad planning is likely the cause for the fire.

“We should not look for distant and wrong addresses to find the founders of the Hyrcanian forest fires,” she says. “The roots of this crisis were planted years ago in the heart of our forests with irregular constructions, uncoordinated interventions, and the dancing of some branded architects and urban planners against land speculators. These decisions and plans, which ignored the capacities of the ecosystem and the fragility of the ecosystem, gradually undermined the natural structure of forests.

“Alongside these human factors, climate change—from unprecedented droughts to rising temperatures—has made Hyrcanian forests more vulnerable than ever. However, the issue is not only climate; we have not prioritized natural heritage and Hyrcanian forests as a “national and public value” in any period. The protection of this million-year-old heritage has never been seen among the urgent needs of the country.

“Today, when fires are burning in several parts of the Hyrcanian region at the same time, the main question is before us with unprecedented clarity: If we want to control this fire, what should we do with this danceable pattern of architects and urban planners (who have recently become environmentalists) against short-term interests? And how do we deal with the fire that has risen softly and silently from the heart of negligence, wrong policies, and profit-oriented interventions?”

If you live in these US states you are more likely to get epilepsy

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Do you live in an epilepsy belt?
Do you live in an epilepsy belt?

Some diseases of the modern world that appear to be non-contagious can be linked to living in certain countries. More women in Canada get multiple sclerosis than anywhere in the world based on a number of factors including exposure to vitamin D and the Epstein Bar virus. But also doctors and a medical system that tracks it.

A first-of-its-kind nationwide in the United States has mapped epilepsy incidence rates among older adults in the United States and identified key social and environmental factors associated with the neurological condition. The analysis revealed that epilepsy cases among adults aged 65 and older were significantly higher in parts of the South—including Louisiana, Mississippi, East Texas and central Oklahoma—compared to other regions.

Epilepsy affects an estimated 3.3 million people in the United States, according to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. In 2019, health care spending on epilepsy and seizures reached $24.5 billion. It can be a debilitating disease and those suffering from it can’t drive and may always be at risk at hurting themselves when a seizure comes on. In children, epilepsy can slow growth and brain development as we learned from our friend Dr. Alan Shackelford who gives child patients cannabis and CBD oil to slow symptoms and attacks. His first patient was a girl named Charlotte.

Published recently in the science journal JAMA Neurology, the study is a collaborative effort between researchers at Houston Methodist Research Institute and Case Western Reserve University.

Why are some states more epileptic than others?

“Until now, we didn’t have a national picture of where epilepsy affects older adults the most,” Weichuan Dong from Case Western Reserve University said. “By applying advanced geospatial mapping to Medicare data, we revealed striking clusters of high epilepsy rates across parts of the South — what we call the ‘epilepsy belt.’ Understanding where the burden lies is the first step toward uncovering why and helping communities reduce risk.”

The study found that the most influential factors linked to higher epilepsy incidence included insufficient sleep (fewer than seven hours per night), extreme heat (more days with heat index above 95 degrees), lack of physical activity, and lack of health insurance among younger adults (suggesting delayed diagnosis until Medicare eligibility) and limited access to a household vehicle.

Epilepsy belt in the United States. Colors show Epilepsy Incidence Among Medicare Beneficiaries 65 Years and Older Across US MaxCounties

These conditions, often shaped by local environments and socioeconomic status, were more prevalent in regions with the highest epilepsy rates.

“This is the first study documenting such a strong association between extreme heat and incident epilepsy in older adults across the US., highlighting the importance of climate change in emergency preparedness, especially given the graying of the population,” said Siran Koroukian from Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine.

Using advanced geospatial machine learning algorithms, researchers analyzed data from 4.8 million Medicare beneficiaries between 2016 and 2019. Data sources included the U.S. Medicare Master Beneficiary Summary File and the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Alaska and Hawaii were excluded due to incomplete data from the Social and Environmental Determinants of Health report.

The study uncovered patterns previously invisible in national data, showing how factors like neighborhood sleep habits, heat exposure, health care access and household vehicle access can shape health outcomes. Other strong predictors included obesity prevalence and availability of primary care physicians.

If you are suffering from epilepsy consider self-care to get more sleep. Smart watches like Night Watch can monitor and track seizures from epilepsy, weighted blankets offer natural sleep accessories, yoga classes and calming aromatherapy products such as diffusers and eco-friendly bees wax candles to clean negative ions from your space.

Who gave the first kiss?

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The origins of kissing, many people kissing
The origins of kissing goes back millions of years

Despite kissing carrying cultural and emotional significance in many human societies, up to now researchers have paid little attention to its evolutionary history.

In a new study from Oxford researchers carried out the first attempt to reconstruct the evolutionary history of kissing based on the primate family tree. The results indicate that kissing is an ancient trait in the large apes, evolving in the ancestor to that group 21.5 – 16.9 million years ago. Kissing was retained over the course of evolution and is still present in most of the large apes.

Related: Watch 20 Saudi Arabian men kiss for the first time

mother kiss child herpes
Kissing can transmit the herpes virus to our children, yet we kiss them

The team also found that our extinct human relatives, Neanderthals, were likely to have engaged in kissing too. This finding, together with previous studies showing that humans and Neanderthals shared oral microbes (via saliva transfer) and genetic material (via interbreeding), strongly suggests that humans and Neanderthals kissed one another.

“This is the first time anyone has taken a broad evolutionary lens to examine kissing. Our findings add to a growing body of work highlighting the remarkable diversity of sexual behaviors exhibited by our primate cousins,” says Dr Matilda Brindle, an evolutionary biologist at Oxford’s Department of Biology.

To run the analyses, the team first defined what constitutes a kiss. This was challenging, because many mouth-to-mouth behaviors look like kissing. Since the researchers were exploring kissing across different species, the definition also needed to be applicable to a wide range of animals. They therefore defined kissing as non-aggressive, mouth-to-mouth contact that did not involve food transfer.

Kissing chimps

Having established this definition, the researchers collected data from the literature on which modern primate species have been observed kissing, focusing on the group of monkeys and apes that evolved in Africa, Europe and Asia. This included chimpanzees, bonobos, and orangutans, all of which have been observed kissing. By integrating evolutionary biology with behavioral data, “we’re able to make informed inferences about traits that don’t fossilise – like kissing. This lets us study social behavior in both modern and extinct species,” says Brindle.

They then ran a phylogenetic analysis; treating kissing as a ‘trait’ and mapping this to the family tree of primates. They used a statistical approach (called Bayesian modeling) to simulate different evolution scenarios along the branches of the tree, to estimate the probability that different ancestors also engaged in kissing. The model was run 10 million times to give robust statistical estimates.

While the researchers caution that existing data are limited – particularly outside the large apes – the study offers a framework for future work, and provides a way for primatologists to record kissing behaviors in nonhuman animals using a consistent definition.

“While kissing may seem like an ordinary or universal behavior, it is only documented in 46% of human cultures,’ said  Catherine Talbot, co-author of the study who works at the Florida Institute of Technology. “The social norms and context vary widely across societies, raising the question of whether kissing is an evolved behavior or cultural invention. This is the first step in addressing that question.”

Now that you are primed for kissing, make those chapped lips ready with a chemical free lip balm from Dr. Bronners.

Neuralink rival gets FDA approval for brain implant device

Paradromics brain implant

Neuralink, developed by Elon Musk, promises to help people who are paralyzed operate a computer with their thoughts. While first trials are being sought in humans with mobility issues we can imagine a future, (or not!), where humans are interlinked through our brains. It takes a massive amount of funding to build such a dream and now Neuralink is getting some competition, usually a good thing.

Alex Conley just did something that most of us just have dreamed of: he flew an RC Airplane with just his thoughts. And the best parts is not that he just flew it, he also wrote the code for Arduino to control the plane. All this, from his electric wheelchair.
Alex Conley just did something that most of us just have dreamed of: he flew an RC Airplane with just his thoughts. And the best parts is not that he just flew it, he also wrote the code for Arduino to control the plane. All this, from his electric wheelchair.

Paradromics, a US neurotechnology company says they have developed the highest data-rate brain-computer interface (BCI) platform, announced the US FDA has granted Investigational Device Exemption (IDE) approval to begin a feasibility study with their implant called Connexus BCI.

As the first company to receive IDE approval for speech restoration with a fully implantable BCI, Paradromics is excited to give participants the opportunity to control a computer and communicate via text or synthesized speech to recover connection.

Related: Womb implant is a success

The Connexus BCI is designed to record and decode brain signals at unprecedented rates of information transfer. “In Q1 next year we are launching a clinical study with the best engineered brain computer interface in the world,” said Paradromics’ CEO and founder, Matt Angle, Ph.D. “This is the device that patients deserve.“

The Connect-One Study will initially enroll two participants—with impaired speech and limited extremity movement (upper and lower) due to severe loss of voluntary motor control—who live within four hours of three clinical sites, UC Davis in Sacramento, Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston, and Harvard Medical School.‍University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, MI – led by Investigator Matthew Willsey, M.D., Ph.D., a neurosurgeon with dual faculty appointments in Neurosurgery and Biomedical Engineering.

This FDA approval builds on key milestones for Paradromics, including three years of stable preclinical recordings, the first successful acute Connexus BCI implantation at the University of Michigan by Dr. Willsey, and the release of a scientific preprint demonstrating that the Connexus BCI delivers an industry-leading 200+ bits per second rate of information transfer in pre-clinical models. Paradromics has a Connect-One Study roadmap to add more sites, include more participants, and explore new BCI applications.

The Connect-One Study is the first in a series of clinical applications planned for the Paradromics BCI platform. Those interested in participating in this or future studies are encouraged to join the Paradromics Community.

The first study will look at restoring speech by Paradromics sees the future in enabling AI-powered treatments for motor impairment now and chronic pain, addiction, depression, and other neurological conditions in the near future.

 

Urban miner Sortera raises $45 million USD to pull aluminum from the scrap pile

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Sortera’s Markle, IN Facility. Photo Credit: Chris Allieri

I remember the day in 2007 as a young environment and cleantech reporter when I went to my first clean tech conference. I was expecting solar panels and robots, new wind turbines to turn wind into washing machines, and hightech greenhouses that grows food on water. The reality was different: most cleantech companies in the business and making money (not just promising dreams) are industrial builds, companies that pull in pipes, valves, software and cables, sometimes linked together by software. There weren’t any golden bullet solutions that could change the world but rather they were companies that assembled solutions like the telecom industry.

The cleantech industry in all areas of reuse, new fabrics and materials, and in energy are not glamorous companies with runway models. They are factories and tools that help us make the most from least. And that’s why the most exciting cleantech companies we are seeing today look like Torus (improves the grid with a wheelwheel); BioProcessH20 (cleans effluent from food waste) and Regenx (which pulls minerals from catalytic converters) are the ones to watch.

Recycling or upcycling, I learn from my dad (a scrapper and water witch) metals is like finding free money. He was an avid metals recycler and could make a few thousand dollars at the scrap yard with every haul –– much of the metals found on the side of the road. When you take metals recycling as an industry, it’s literally like free money from garbage, and this is the business model of an AI-powered Tennessee company that is recycling aluminum. The company just raised $45 million USD to expand its operations. The solution poltentially diverts millions of tons of metals waste to other countries and keeps it local to the US economy. The metals will be earmarked for the automotive industry.

Sortera at work

The deal was advised by by T. Rowe Price Associates and VXI Capital, with participation from Yamaha Motor Ventures and Overlay Capital; with an additional equipment funding from Trinity Capital. This funding fuels Sortera’s next phase of growth as a major domestic supplier of metals upcycled from waste.

In addition to the funding, Sortera is announcing plans for a second aluminum processing facility in Lebanon, Tennessee. This expansion—driven by overwhelming demand and success at the flagship Markle, Indiana facility—will bring Sortera’s innovative recycling solutions closer to its growing customer base.

Using artificial intelligence and advanced sensors, the company sorts mixed aluminum scrap into specific alloys that can replace imported primary aluminum. Sortera brings new life to old metal. Since launching operations at its 200,000 sq. ft. Markle facility in Q1 2023, Sortera has experienced significant customer demand for its high-quality recycled aluminum alloys.

For those in the metals business Sortera is now the only company producing end-of-life recycled aluminum products, including 380, 356, 319, and wrought (3105 and others) aluminum. Each product is specifically designed to match the chemistry of common casting and rolling alloys.

The Markle facility demonstrates Sortera’s technological success at transforming mixed alloy scrap—historically downgraded or shipped overseas—into high-value materials for critical applications in the automotive, construction, and aerospace industries.

“The performance of our Markle facility and the enthusiastic response from our customers have made it clear: the domestic market is hungry for sustainable, high-quality recycled aluminum,” said Michael Siemer, CEO of Sortera Technologies. This expansion allows us to significantly increase our capacity and establish a presence closer to many of our key customers—particularly in the automotive sector—further streamlining supply chains and enhancing our service capabilities.”

Their process diverts billions of pounds of material from going overseas and dramatically reduces the energy required for aluminum production by approximately 95% compared to manufacturing from virgin materials. This translates into a substantial reduction in CO2 footprint for Sortera’s customers, supporting their ambitious sustainability and circular production goals.

When we interviewed a company in this space called Regenx, they called themselves “urban miners.”

The investment in Sortera is to create a new facility to increase the company’s annual production capacity to ~240 million pounds. This will ultimately help manufacturers lower costs and pollution while strengthening the domestic supply chain.

Sortera expects that the new facility will be operational by the summer of 2026, and further details regarding the specifics will be communicated in the coming months.

Notable investors include RA Capital Management-Planetary Health, certain funds and accounts advised by T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., the Mineral Resources Group, a part of Mitsubishi Corporation’s Business Incubation Unit, Macquarie GIG Energy Transition Solutions (“MGETS”), Assembly Ventures, Breakthrough Energy Ventures, and Chrysalix.

Sortera was founded in 2020 by Nalin Kumar (listed as Founder & Chief Innovation Officer) and Manuel Garcia (listed as Co-Founder & Vice President of Applied Science). Michael Siemer is the President and Chief Executive Officer.

::Sortera

How the Mediterranean’s most hopeful UN green organizations fail at peace-building

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The UfM is supposed to be non-biased yet 50% of the women here are wearing keffiahs to intimidate Israelis and Jews
The UfM is supposed to be non-biased yet 50% of the women here are wearing keffiahs to intimidate Israelis and Jews.

The Union for the Mediterranean (UfM) was created to be the great bridge between Europe, North Africa, and the Middle East — a place where shared challenges like climate change, water scarcity, youth unemployment, and clean energy could be tackled together.

Instead, the UfM has become a textbook case of consensus paralysis: a structure where 43 countries must agree before anything moves forward. In practice, this means that the long shadow of the Arab–Israeli conflict still shapes what can be said, who can be present, and which countries are allowed to lead. For an institution whose sole purpose is regional cooperation, the result is tragically predictable: the Mediterranean’s biggest tools for healing rifts are the ones most consistently left unused.

Below are recent, documented examples of how Arab political pressure — often reinforced by the EU’s own risk-aversion and the UN’s quiet compliance — creates sins of omission that undermine progress in women’s empowerment, climate cooperation, cleantech, and cultural diplomacy. I’ve even seen it in forest fire prevention.

I have reached out to the spokesperson and leadership at the UfM about their exclusionary practices, which I touch on below. Nasser Kamel, a general from Egypt who heads the organization didn’t reply. His spokesperson answered the phone but then refused to send feedback about the exclusionary policies we pointed out. Green Prophet then received this:

“The participation of representatives, experts, and citizens from any Member State, including Israel, in UfM activities is at the discretion of the respective national authorities and stakeholders. As an intergovernmental organisation, the UfM does not have the mandate to compel participation although it actively encourages and welcomes the engagement of all its members in its initiatives. There is no pattern of exclusion in either pre-activity communications or post-activity follow-ups related to water or any other sector. Israel is an active and engaged Member State that regularly participates in UfM Senior Officials Meetings as well as UfM Regional Platforms and Working Groups focused on water policy dialogue and related initiatives in the Mediterranean.”

This is the pattern in groups like this. Nice words, but they practice something else entirely. As someone who works in cleantech, and as a champion for women and the environment in the region I couldn’t help but notice exclusionary policies to Israelis. They may be “there” on paper but the reality is something else.

I reached out to Anna Dorangricchia, the gender expert at the the organization about inclusivity policies. She told Green Prophet: “We don’t have produced any  specifc report on diversity and inclusion so I’m afraid I cannot really help you, sorry.

On a recent call for participation they said they are looking for more than 50% women on the call, and that they will assure a geographical balance.

Case Study 1 (2023–2024): Women & Climate Leadership Without Israelis
UfM officials regularly state that “women, youth, and climate” are the safest and most promising spaces for Euro-Mediterranean cooperation. Yet the institution’s own events tell a different story. Across the Women4Mediterranean, Women Innovators, Climate Adaptation, and Women Entrepreneurs conferences held in Barcelona, Cairo, and Brussels (2023–2024), not a single Israeli woman innovator or climate leader was featured on panels or in official delegations. They will publish data that will not include Israeli women.

This is despite Israel being:

  • A global top-tier country for women in STEM
  • A regional leader in climate adaptation, water reuse, and desert agriculture
  • Home to Arab-Jewish women-led climate ventures that embody the cooperation the UfM claims to champion. The Arava Institute is a prime example.

Women’s innovation is the softest of soft diplomacy tools — the very space where the region should be building trust. Yet because a handful of Arab governments routinely reject anything that looks like normalization, the UfM quietly complies. This is the politics of omission, which is harder to expose than outright exclusion, but just as damaging.

The excuse: Muslim Arabs, a majority by far in the region, don’t feel comfortable around Israelis. Israeli Arabs are invited through a back door when they register as Palestinians. Read below to how it’s been perfected.

Case Study 2 (2022–2024): UN Bodies Reinforcing the Same Patterns

A UN body, supposed to be neutral calls the Hamas-launched conflict, a War on Gaza

The UN’s regional arms — especially ESCWA, but also UNDP and FAO in the Gulf — hold major climate, cleantech, and development gatherings in Doha, Dubai, Cairo, and Riyadh. And the pattern repeats: Israeli experts are excluded, or invited only as “online observers.” Joint research groups are formed that include Arab states and European academics, but not Israeli institutions — even when the topic is water scarcity, desalination, agriculture, or desertification, where Israel is a global leader.

Behind closed doors, European officials will admit the reason: “We avoid confrontation. Arabs would walk out.” In other words, UN bodies — which preach inclusiveness — reinforce the same consensus paralysis as the UfM.
Again, the tools for healing rifts exist — and they are deliberately not used.

If you see the front page of ESCWA’s website they are calling the Hamas-Israel conflict, started by Hamas “a War on Gaza.”

Palestine is intentionally framed as a regional development priority, while Israel is framed as irrelevant — except as a geopolitical antagonist. Here is a UN-funded Med conference that paints Israel as a villain.

Case Study 3 (2020–2023): Cleantech, Climate Finance & Qatar’s Influence

Many UfM and EU-Mediterranean climate programs are now co-funded or co-branded with Gulf partners (Qatar Foundation, Masdar, ADQ, Saudi Green Initiative, etc.). These sponsors bring money — but also political red lines. The last meeting was in Doha, Qatar. Why are Mediterranean peace and climate leaders meeting in the Gulf?

High-visibility participation of Israelis, they will say, becomes “too sensitive.”

EU-backed research networks omit Israeli nodes even when the science requires them (e.g., micro-irrigation, solar thermal storage, grid-stabilizing technologies). This is not an accidental oversight. This is structural. Arab sovereign wealth funds are now key financiers in Mediterranean climate cooperation — and they leverage their position to enforce old regional politics inside ostensibly neutral EU frameworks.

Case Study 4 (2020): COVID-19 Recovery Programs Without Israeli MedTech
During the COVID-19 recovery period, the UfM launched major programs for digital health, medtech, and emergency response.  Yet none of its flagship recovery initiatives visibly integrated Israeli: Remote diagnostics, AI health systems, First-responder innovations, Arab–Jewish hospital cooperation models. Israel’s medtech sector could have been a perfect bridge — especially for women in health, startups in the periphery, or cross-Mediterranean humanitarian partnerships.

Instead, the UfM defaulted to the lowest common denominator: keep it technical, keep it vague, avoid political discomfort so the Arab world and natural gas and oil money stays happy.

Why This Matters Now

The tragedy of consensus paralysis is not simply that Israelis are marginalized. It is that the region loses access to the best available tools for peacebuilding:

  • Women’s entrepreneurship
  • Climate adaptation
  • Water reuse
  • Digital health
  • Desert agriculture
  • Cleantech innovation
  • Youth exchanges

These should be the spaces where cooperation flourishes beyond politics. Instead, Arab normalization resistance — unchallenged by EU and UN bodies — ensures they remain politically sanitized and technically shallow.
The Mediterranean cannot solve climate change, migration pressures, or food insecurity if it continues to sideline the very countries with the expertise to contribute. And the more the UfM, the EU, and UN bodies appease political vetoes, the more they reinforce the exact divisions they were created to heal.

The call mechanism for inclusion is broken

One way EU and UN organizations exclude Jewish Israelis, and I see this all the time in areas of cleantech and eco-events, is by limiting “eligibility” to Palestinians, not Israelis, by defining participants through population categories, not citizenship. And this is what you will find.

Many calls for participation use criteria such as:

  • Arab youth
  • Women from the Arab region
  • West Asian populations
  • Participants from conflict-affected Arab communities
  • Stakeholders from the State of Palestine

Because Israeli Arabs (Muslim or Christian) share language, culture, and geographic identity with Palestinian populations, they technically qualify for these categories. But Israeli Jews — even if regionally relevant, even if experts in the exact domain — do not qualify.

Calling for Arabs from the region, it allows organizers to include “Arab citizens of Israel” without acknowledging Israel as a state; claim inclusivity (“we included Arab voices from the region”); avoid dealing with Israeli ministries, embassies, or universities; preserve the diplomatic fiction that “all Arabs” participate while Israel does not. This results in Israeli Muslim and Christian professionals being welcomed only as Arabs, not as Israelis, effectively erasing their national identity in international fora.

The Path Forward

If institutions like the UfM want to be relevant in 2030 and beyond, and stay funded, they must protect technical cooperation from political vetoes. Guarantee representation for all regional innovators, including Israelis. Elevate women, climate, and youth programs as de-politicized peace platforms. Stop outsourcing Mediterranean cooperation to Gulf funders with political conditions. Publicly acknowledge sins of omission instead of hiding behind “neutrality”

Because the greatest danger in Euro-Mediterranean cooperation today is not conflict — it is the cowardice of institutions unwilling to use the tools that build peace.

 

Shooting Northern lights? Here are the best camera settings

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Want to shoot northern lights?

Your friends are posting their best Northern Lights pics on Facebook and Instagram, and you want to try it too. How can you get the best shot on a camera that isn’t a cell phone?

Capturing a strong photograph of the Northern Lights depends on using the right equipment, settings and technique, and on adapting to changing light and movement in the sky. A full-frame digital camera mounted on a tripod offers the best results because it can collect more light with lower noise during long exposures. Jessica Fridrich uses a Nikon Z7 for her aurora work.

“I must say that, until recently, I have always considered the Northern Lights to be a phenomenon that is only visible from polar regions. Last year, I realized that I had been missing out on a lot of fun.”

What settings does she use? She typically sets the white balance to 4000K and exposes for about six seconds at ISO 1600 to 4000 with an f/2.8 lens. These choices come from practical considerations: long exposures and relatively high ISO values allow the sensor to gather enough faint light from fast-changing auroral structures, while an aperture of f/2.8 lets in more light during each exposure.

Environmental conditions change the settings. When the Moon is out or when there is light pollution, the ISO should be reduced so the sky does not overexpose. If the aurora begins to move quickly, the exposure needs to be shortened to avoid motion blur in the structures. In that case, increasing the ISO compensates for the reduced exposure time; Fridrich shortens the exposure to four seconds or even two seconds when needed. Some auroral displays change shape rapidly, so adapting exposure length in real time is important.

Correct focus is essential. Autofocus is unreliable in darkness, so the camera must be switched to manual focus. The best way to achieve sharpness is to focus on a bright star. This ensures that both the sky and the auroral structures will appear crisp. Lenses with large apertures, meaning low f-stop values, work particularly well for night photography because they allow more light into the camera. Fridrich says she often uses a 24–70 mm f/2.8 lens, keeping it wide open. The zoom capability helps capture specific details within the display. For exceptionally large or bright auroras, especially those that stretch overhead, a wide-angle lens is preferred because it can capture the full extent of the scene.

Moisture is another practical concern. Dew often condenses on lenses during long sessions outdoors, so a simple lens cloth is important to keep the glass clear.

Phones can also record auroras. Using night mode is generally sufficient, as modern phones automatically lengthen exposure time and increase sensitivity in low light. For both cameras and phones, saving images in RAW or another uncompressed format provides more flexibility for later editing, though JPEGs are acceptable for those who do not plan to process their images.

Sites like Space Weather can help you find the right nights

American students build “bread-loaf sized” satellite they will send to space

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A multidisciplinary team of undergraduate students led by the University of New Hampshire designed and built a mini satellite, known as a CubeSat, that will launch into space to gather data in collaboration with NASA’s Interstellar Mapping and Acceleration Probe (IMAP) mission. The small-but-mighty satellite is set to launch on a SpaceX rocket from Vandenberg Space Force Base in California no earlier than Nov. 10, 2025 at 10:19 a.m. PST. It will head to the outer reaches of the atmosphere to study the solar wind which will help scientists in their quest to improve space weather forecasting and better protect technology in space and on Earth—such as communication networks, power grids and GPS—from potentially damaging large solar flare events. “This is an amazing opportunity for UNH students to not only get hands-on technical experience but to also collaborate with other undergraduates across the country to design and build an entire space mission from the instrument to the software that will operate it in space and the antenna and radio to command the satellite once there,” said Noé Lugaz, research professor in physics and astronomy at the University of New Hampshire. “The experience is invaluable and can open doors to future opportunities in space-related or other science and engineering careers.” A team of 70 undergraduate students from the University of New Hampshire (UNH), Sonoma State University (SSU) and Howard University (HU) designed, developed and built the satellite which was named 3UCubed—reflecting the overall concept of uplifting undergraduate students to study upwelling, and giving a nod to the three participating universities. Selected as part of NASA’s CubeSat Launch Initiative, once it is launched, the satellite will travel to the Earth’s upper atmosphere, known as thermosphere, which is the same region where many other satellites and the International Space Station orbit around Earth. It will take measurements of the atmosphere density (single oxygen at this altitude) and electron precipitation from space onto the upper atmosphere, which can cause disturbances in communication signals and lead to changes in the ozone. Data from the mission will be collected by the students and analyzed in combination with data from IMAP and will help advance the understanding of how the thermosphere in the auroral and cusp regions responds to particle precipitation and varying conditions associated with solar wind. CubeSats are a specific subset of satellites that are small and standardized and provide a cost-effective way to study space science. It is about the size of a loaf of bread and offers a simpler way to start building and operating than larger satellites, making it an ideal piece of equipment for students to hone their skills outside of the classroom. The 3UCubed satellite was fully assembled at UNH and the two payload instruments that are a part of its structure were built, tested and calibrated at UNH. The students worked for five years on the satellite, performing a variety of tasks ranging from creating the software code that controls the 3UCubed to soldering the wires during the physical build. Students with mentorship from professors and staff engineers, performed trade studies, orbit analyses, selected vendors for different subsystems, oversaw budgets for various mass, power, link and telemetry jobs and developed the framework for the flight software and operations. “At the time, I had a keen interest for the aerospace industry and saw this as a great opportunity to get valuable experience working with industry professionals,” said Alex Chesley ’22, who studied mechanical engineering at UNH and was a part of the 3UCubed mission team. “It was fascinating to learn about so many new subjects about space science and instrumentation that I had never studied before.” The hands-on experience is meant to introduce, inspire and prepare students for a successful career in a related field like space science, computer science, engineering or science education. Chesley designed the initial CAD model of the satellite and also helped create the detailed specification list for the CubeSat’s altitude control system. He now works as a configuration engineer at STS Aerospace in Laconia, N.H., where he helps develop fluid distribution systems for customers in the space, aeronautics and defense industries. “The experience with the 3UCubed mission helped with my professional growth, and it was definitely valuable to have, no matter what industry you end up working in,” said Chesley. Students from UNH also took the lead in developing the instrument software and worked with students from SSU on the flight software. SSU oversaw the development of the software for the ground station and will serve as the primary ground station for the mission, which will collect the data from the satellite and will send commands to the spacecraft so it can adjust once it is in orbit. UNH worked with HU to build the back up ground station. Students from Sonoma State University have also engaged with their region’s amateur radio operators and Scout members to construct a ground station for them to communicate with the satellite.
A bread-sized satellite developed by students

Talk about an amazing science fair opportunity! A multidisciplinary team of undergraduate students led by the University of New Hampshire designed and built a mini satellite, known as a CubeSat, that will launch into space to gather data in collaboration with NASA’s Interstellar Mapping and Acceleration Probe (IMAP) mission. Satellites, power grids, GPS, and communication systems can be ruined by solar storm damage. The orbiting “loaf” will help collect data for better predictions.

The small-but-mighty satellite is set to launch on a SpaceX rocket from Vandenberg Space Force Base in California no earlier than Nov. 10, 2025 at 10:19 a.m. PST. It will head to the outer reaches of the atmosphere to study the solar wind which will help scientists in their quest to improve space weather forecasting and better protect technology in space and on Earth—such as communication networks, power grids and GPS—from potentially damaging large solar flare events.

Selected as part of NASA’s CubeSat Launch Initiative, once it is launched, the satellite will travel to the Earth’s upper atmosphere, known as thermosphere, which is the same region where many other satellites and the International Space Station orbit around Earth. It will take measurements of the atmosphere density (single oxygen at this altitude) and electron precipitation from space onto the upper atmosphere, which can cause disturbances in communication signals and lead to changes in the ozone.

Data from the mission will be collected by the students and analyzed in combination with data from IMAP and will help advance the understanding of how the thermosphere in the auroral and cusp regions responds to particle precipitation and varying conditions associated with solar wind.

CubeSats are a specific subset of satellites that are small and standardized and provide a cost-effective way to study space science. It is about the size of a loaf of bread and offers a simpler way to start building and operating than larger satellites, making it an ideal piece of equipment for students to hone their skills outside of the classroom.

The 3UCubed satellite was fully assembled at UNH and the two payload instruments that are a part of its structure were built, tested and calibrated at UNH. The students worked for five years on the satellite, performing a variety of tasks ranging from creating the software code that controls the 3UCubed to soldering the wires during the physical build. Students with mentorship from professors and staff engineers, performed trade studies, orbit analyses, selected vendors for different subsystems, oversaw budgets for various mass, power, link and telemetry jobs and developed the framework for the flight software and operations.

“At the time, I had a keen interest for the aerospace industry and saw this as a great opportunity to get valuable experience working with industry professionals,” said Alex Chesley ’22, who studied mechanical engineering at UNH and was a part of the 3UCubed mission team. “It was fascinating to learn about so many new subjects about space science and instrumentation that I had never studied before.”

The hands-on experience is meant to introduce, inspire and prepare students for a successful career in a related field like space science, computer science, engineering or science education. Chesley designed the initial CAD model of the satellite and also helped create the detailed specification list for the CubeSat’s altitude control system. He now works as a configuration engineer at STS Aerospace in Laconia, N.H., where he helps develop fluid distribution systems for customers in the space, aeronautics and defense industries.

“The experience with the 3UCubed mission helped with my professional growth, and it was definitely valuable to have, no matter what industry you end up working in,” said Chesley.

Rare whale species spotted for the first time

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A beak nose whale, or a ginkgo-toothed beaked whale, scientific name: Mesoplodon ginkgodens

For years, biologists studying the deep Pacific had been listening for a mysterious underwater signal: a beaked whale call labeled BW43. The signature appeared in hydrophone data beginning in 2020, but no one had ever seen the animal that produced it. That changed on a June morning in 2024, off Baja California, Mexico, aboard Oregon State University’s research vessel Pacific Storm.

Scientists on deck were preparing for another day of searching when a call came from the bridge — whales surfacing on the starboard side. For hours, two small beaked whales appeared and vanished in the distance, long enough for brief looks but not long enough to identify them with certainty.

Then researcher Robert Pitman, a now-retired scientist from Oregon State University, managed to take a small biopsy using a crossbow fitted with a sampling arrow. The fragment of skin — about the size of a pencil eraser — would later confirm what the team suspected: the whales were ginkgo-toothed beaked whales, a species never before documented alive in the wild.

The confirmation, published later in Marine Mammal Science and led by Elizabeth Henderson of the US Naval Information Warfare Center, marked the end of a five-year search. Henderson and colleagues from Mexico and the United States had been tracking the BW43 call since 2020, originally believing it might belong to Perrin’s beaked whale, another species never seen alive.

The team returned to the same area for three seasons, first with a sailboat and later a Mexican fishing vessel, without success. In 2024, working with Oregon State University and its more advanced equipment, they were finally able to pair the acoustic signal with a live animal. The Pacific Storm towed an array of hydrophones capable of identifying specific beaked whale calls and carried high-powered binoculars suited for long-distance visual searches.

Beaked whales are among the least understood mammals on Earth. There are 24 known species, most of them rarely seen because they dive deeper and stay underwater longer than any other marine mammal. Many species have only been described from stranded carcasses, and new species continue to be identified, including one as recently as 2021.

Their sensitivity to sonar is well-documented; exposure in certain circumstances can disrupt foraging or cause rapid ascents that lead to fatal injuries similar to decompression sickness. Understanding where these species live is essential for reducing the risk from naval activities and other noise disturbances.

The biopsy itself was almost lost. Before the researchers could retrieve it from the water, an albatross attempted to take it, forcing the crew to scare the bird off before recovering the sample.

The find also shifted assumptions about the whales’ range. Ginkgo-toothed beaked whales were previously known mostly from strandings across the Pacific, particularly Japan. The team’s analysis of acoustic databases suggests they live year-round off California and northern Baja California. Two previous strandings on the west coast of North America, once considered rare anomalies, now appear consistent with this distribution.

Many beaked whale calls remain unmatched to species, and several species still have no confirmed call at all. Researchers are now working to link additional acoustic signatures with specific animals so that long-term monitoring can rely on underwater listening rather than visual sightings — often the only viable method for such elusive species.

COP30 Is Designed to Confuse—So the Real Climate Blockers Stay Hidden

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Rachel Rose Jackson
Rachel Rose Jackson

Is COP30 intentionally confusing and opaque so the public can’t see how Global North countries and big polluters block real climate action. This is the argument of Rachel Rose Jackson, Director of Climate Research and Policy at Corporate Accountability. Behind closed doors, she asserts, wealthy nations avoid paying climate debt while expanding fossil fuels, and fossil fuel lobbyists flood the negotiations. The result is an artificial COP bubble disconnected from real-world climate crises, designed to protect polluters rather than people.

Here is her piece.

“If you’re finding it almost impossible to track and understand the finer details of what is happening across the negotiating rooms of COP30, you are not alone. It’s tediously technical, and at best very confusing. This is by design. It’s all part of a carefully orchestrated plan to distance every day humans from what happens here, to construct veils of secrecy, and to create a fake, alternate universe that spurs a complete disconnect from the reality of the world that we’re all living and the climate crisis that we’re all experiencing outside of these halls.

This is an intentional plan to distract and distance from the typhoons that are currently happening in the Philippines while we are here, where hundreds of people are dying, and many activists here are not even sure if their families are safe or if they’ll come home to a community that was the same as when they left. This is a plan to create intentional disconnect from the trillions of dollars that are being spent annually on war and fossil fuel violence in places like Palestine. From the wildfires, from the floods, from the grabbed lands, from the harm caused all around the world by the very same actors that are here creating this disconnect.

It is not a coincidence that it is so difficult to track the inner workings of COP30. This carefully orchestrated illusion is crafted by the very same countries that are most responsible for climate change and most responsible for the past three decades of blocking progress to address it. I’m talking about Global North– the countries whose economies have gotten rich off fossil fuels, extracting and burning and profiting at the expense of people across the world, particularly Global South communities, frontline communities, and Indigenous Peoples.

In clearer terms, here’s what’s happening behind the doors of COP30. The systematic denial of the trillions of dollars that is overdue in climate debt by the Global North to communities in the Global South who are hit hardest and worst. This debt is not charity, it’s not kindness, it’s owed, and it’s long overdue. There’s then the thorough withdrawal of all other forms of meaningful finance that have the chance to become public and people-centered, on one hand, and the rolling out and ramping up of carbon markets and other ‘carbon finance’ schemes that allow the Global North and Big Polluters to continue profit off of polluting the planet. And then, the pretense of the TFFF, which is riddled with loopholes and is another attempt to profit off of nature. All of this while at home, these same Global North countries are proclaiming climate championship while doing very little to decrease emissions or to do their fair share of climate action. Instead, they are actually scaling up fossil fuel production.

Last week, research by Oil Change International showed that just four Global North countries have derailed an oil and gas phase out since the Paris Agreement. This quartet increased their oil and gas production by 40% between when the Paris Agreement was agreed and last year. In this same period, the rest of the world had a combined oil and gas decrease of 2%. These planet wrecking climate blockers are Canada, Australia, Norway, and the United States.

Which brings me to the United States. They’re not at COP30, right? Incorrect. Let’s be clear, the United States has always been the largest blocker of climate action at home and abroad, the largest polluter, and the biggest bully. They may not be officially at COP30, but they are very much undermining action. And the fact that they don’t have an official delegation doesn’t change that.

The United States is here as the biggest donor to the World Bank, which is now the interim trustee and host of both the TFFF as well as the Loss and Damage Fund. So they hold the purse strings to some of the biggest parts of climate action. And at home, they’re also using tariffs and economic sanctions to weaponize climate action and to prevent other countries from being able to take the action they need domestically to respond to the climate crisis. So the US is very much here. They’ve taken off the gloves and they’re ready to throw down, as are their other fight club buddies Canada, Australia, Norway, and the EU.

In addition, it’s also really important we understand that it is not only countries who are being invited to COP30 to do dirty. Kick Big Polluters Out just released exposing that there are more than 1,600 fossil fuel lobbyists at COP30. Thats means 1 out of 25 participants is advancing a fossil-fueled agenda, outnumbering delegates from the Philippines from 50 to one and delegates from Jamaica 40 to one. Big Polluters are overrunning this place. They are everywhere. They’re whispering in the ears of delegates. They are in rooms that even civil society doesn’t have access to. And just 90 of these oil and gas corporations that have attended COP26-COP29 are responsible for nearly 60% of oil and gas production in 2024.

So as we head into the final days of these critical talks, and while the climate crisis impacts people all around the world, we want to know what are Big Polluters doing here? And if Global North countries aren’t getting serious about doing their fair share of climate action, why are they wasting our time? As the window COP 30 starts to wind down, so-called world leaders mustIt’s time to step up. It’s time to Kick Big Polluters Out. It’s time for Global North countries to do their long-overdue fair share of climate action, to justly end fossil fuels, and to crack open that disconnect between the real world that’s outside these halls and the carefully orchestrated artificial universe inside these halls.”

UNESCO’s virtual museum of stolen cultural objects

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Diébédo Francis Kéré has designed a virtual museum with a spiralling gallery for UNESCO

UNESCO has launched a new kind of museum — one with no queues, no walls, and no climate-controlled vaults humming behind locked doors. Instead, the Virtual Museum of Stolen Cultural Objects, designed by Burkinabè Pritzker Prize–winning architect Diébédo Francis Kéré, lives entirely online. It promises to showcase some 600 missing or stolen artefacts from across the world, using 3D scans, immersive environments, and narrative storytelling to return visibility to heritage that vanished long before many of us were born.

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The headlines focus on digital innovation. But beneath the optimism lies something deeper: a global reckoning with the cultural damage of the last two centuries — when objects were taken during war, colonization, forced excavations, “private collecting,” and the grey economies of the antiquities trade. UNESCO frames the museum as an educational tool and an act of restitution, albeit a virtual one. The question is whether this new space can be more than a digital confession booth for the global North.

Kéré’s design concept draws on the symbolic roots of the baobab tree, often called the “tree of life.” Its thick trunk, powerful silhouette, and deep roots represent endurance — the idea that even when an object is uprooted, the culture that created it persists. It’s poetic, but also political: a reminder that heritage exists on the land first, not in the institutions that later house it.

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Inside the virtual galleries, visitors will find everything from looted manuscripts to sacred sculptures to objects trafficked across borders and into private hands. Each artifact is accompanied by its backstory: where it was created, how it disappeared, what it meant to the community that once held it. Some pieces have known fates; others are still missing, possibly sitting on a shelf in a Dubai flat or a house in Spain. UNESCO wants to make these absences visible — to show the wounds as well as the artifacts.

There’s also a Restitution Room, a space that highlights successful returns. These are the bright spots — cases where countries and institutions cooperated rather than clashed, and where the journey home wasn’t blocked by bureaucracy, politics, or the quiet resistance of museums reluctant to empty their vitrines.

But the virtual museum raises uncomfortable questions. Does digitizing loss risk sanitizing it? Can a VR gallery pressure powerful institutions into returning physical objects? Or will this become one more place where heritage from the Global South is appreciated — but still not actually returned? It also should ask questions about how past “colonizers” actually managed to save world heritage artifacts that would have been lost as regimes like ISIS and the Islamic State take over by force and blow up sites of cultural significance. See our story on ISIS and Palmyra.

UNESCO’s position, a federation of UN countries which also includes the Taliban and other terror states, is that awareness is the first step toward restitution. Or could this just be a way to politicize virtue signaling?

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That’s true. But awareness without political will changes little. Restitution remains tangled in law, diplomacy, and the competing narratives of empires that still do not fully acknowledge the harms they engineered.

And yet, something about this project feels necessary. In a world where climate threats, war, and trafficking still endanger cultural heritage, a digital sanctuary is better than none. More importantly, it gives communities a way to reclaim their stories, even if the objects themselves remain in limbo. Also who owns the past? All of humanity? The last ancestors of a tribe or converts to their new religion? Now that the world has gone globalized should individual heritage and ancestry be thrown to the wind?

If you jump in and visit the Middle East region, and the Arab world, you will first see an object from Sudan, a statue of a Nubian queen made about 2000 years ago. It does not state who “stole” it and when.

After the rise of Islam in Arabia (7th century), Muslim Arab armies reached Nubia (northern Sudan).
Nubian queen made from gold, 10cm in height. Was it stolen or just melted down for the price of gold by conquerers at the time?

Let the conversations begin.

Visit the Museum of Stolen Cultural Objects

Chicken and beef plumping. Are You Paying For Meat, Or For Water?

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Chicken “enhanced” with water and salts

Let’s say you’re sautéeing ground beef. Look at the meat you’re stirring around: what’s all that water in your frying pan? It’s water all right, but you paid for meat, not H2O. It’s right to ask if this a hidden ingredient, like meat glue.

To figure out how much you paid for that water, drain it off and measure it. 1 cup of water equals about 236 grams, or 0.5 lb. Divide that into the price per kilo/lb that you paid for that package of raw ground beef, and prepare for a shock.

Cooking causes loss of natural meat fluids, about 25% of the weight. Injected meat may lose up to 40% weight. Even discounting natural loss of juices in cooking, it’s likely you paid the price of meat for that water. And you’re short of the amount of food you were counting on.

Another experiment, this one with packaged raw meat: take the piece off the damp absorbent pad it sat on, and weigh it. You may find that it weighs less than stated on the label by as much as 15%. That was water absorbed by the pad. And that’s without accounting for water leeched out when the meat hits a hot pan.

supermarket packaged meat

Many manufacturers inject water or saline solution, or water plus salt, phosphate, and flavorings into raw beef, pork, chicken, turkey, and some seafoods. This increases the product’s saleable weight. And it increases manufacturers’ profit per animal; water is cheaper than meat, after all. Phosphates make the meat retain that added water, giving it a juicy appearance and texture.

According to the USDA, about 30% of poultry, 15% of beef, and 90% of pork are injected with salty liquids. This is the FSIS’s detailed breakdown of water in meat and poultry. (Some people reach out to them asking why the meat they are trying to brown is simmering in water).

The meat is treated before getting weighed, packaged, and labeled; when the supermarket receives the product, it’s ready to sell.

Beef plumping
Reddit user shows how meat in Australia is advertised as injected with water

Injecting saline into meat is called “plumping” or “enhancing.” It’s a recognized, governnment regulated practice.  Meat manufacturers justify plumping by claiming that it grants meat and poultry better flavor and texture, (and makes them more marketable) when treated so. That’s probably true. But wait, what happened to the original flavor and juiciness?

It’s a problem. Today’s consumers demand meat and poultry bred to have less fat. Because fat contains much of the flavor and protects the natural juices, low-fat proteins tend to dry up in cooking and lose flavor. Consumers like to buy the most attractive product, and expect retail chains to conform to standard weight and appearance. From the processor’s and supermarket’s point of view, pumping salty, flavored water and phosphate into your steak is therefore doing you a favor.

Plumping’s not new, but consumers have become aware and vocal about it only recently. There were scandals in the UK about water-injected chicken and pork as far back as 2017.

Health hazards

More recently, consumers have brought up other related issues. Safety, for example. The Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) lists injected meat as a high-risk carrier of E. coli bacteria, which is often found on the surface of meat. When the needles that insert the salt solution penetrate the meat, the bacteria is pushed in deeply. Cooking may not kill it, especially when the meat’s served rare.

To avoid bacterial infection in injected meat, the FSIS recommends, but does not require, that processors apply “an allowed antimicrobial agent to the surface of the product prior to processing.” What antimicrobial agents are these? And how are they applied? We aren’t told.

Salt and water sounds harmless, but the consumer eating injected meat is getting more sodium in their diet than they’re aware or can keep track of. This could be bad news for people with high blood pressure or heart disease who must minimize their salt intake.

Even meat labeled organic may contain injected saline, because FSIS lists salt and water as organic. The FSIS allows selling injected meat as “natural” and “fresh” unless the added solution changes the product’s nature in ways that require different labeling. If you want to make absolutely sure that product is free of added salt and water, look for a statement on the label reading “no artificial ingredients,” “minimally processed,” or similar.

A person standing in the supermarket and considering the label on a meat product may well wonder where they should put their trust. Must they Google every brand to feel comfortable eating it? It’s one thing to inject brine into your Thanksgiving turkey, and some people choose to, but the cook should be in control over that, not the meat processing factory.

Red flags

If the product was injected, the package label should indicate that it contains X amount of added solution. Conversely, it may read that it’s X percent meat (or chicken, or fish). You’re to understand that the missing percent is water treated with salt or salt plus phosphate.

Look on the label for the words enhanced, marinated, broth, and flavored. Those are signs that the meat has been interfered with. Avoid food packaged in sauce; you may be taking home chemical enhancers, fillers, preservatives, and yet more salt.

On the other hand, if the label reads “no added solutions,” “minimally processed,” “no artificial ingredients” or “100% beef (or fish or chicken) ” – or the listed ingredients don’t include water, salt, or phosphate, it’s probably honest meat.

If you can, buy whole cuts of roasts and chops. Learn to trim them at home. Or if that’s too much trouble, buy your supermarket meat from the butcher counter. Ask if they grind their own.

Even better, buy meat from local farms. Best of all, if you can, is to make a co-op order of freshly butchered meat together with neighbors, friends, or work colleagues. It will cost more, but consider water you pay for in plumped meat.

 

 

Stoned and driving? High THC levels might not mean you are impaired

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hipster reads book while smoking a joint
THC blood levels don’t reliably indicate driving impairment, meaning current per se laws risk penalizing sober drivers long after cannabis use.

Previous research that evaluated the effect of the hallucinogenic molecules of cannabis (delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol THC) the main psychoactive compound in cannabis on motor vehicle crashes concluded that there is no increase of crash risk because of detectable THC. The molecule may linger days after use and is not a reliable indicator that a driver is impaired, report scientists in a new study.

Despite evidence showing no correlation between the detection of THC in the blood and driving impairment, 6 American states in the United States have per se laws using 2 or 5 ng/mL of THC as the cut-off point for driving under the influence of cannabis, while 12 have a zero-tolerance law.

These cut-off points are considered face value evidence of driving impairment, which means that even if it has been several days since an individual’s last use of the drug and they show no behavioral impairment, they may still face legal risks, up to and including felony charges. In Dubai you can go to jail for having cannabis in your blood, even if the cannabis was consumed in London, Tel Aviv or Toronto.

To address this issue, a team of researchers led by Dr. Thomas D. Marcotte, professor of psychiatry at the University of California, San Diego, and codirector of the Center for Medicinal Cannabis Research, set out to investigate the blood concentrations of THC in regular cannabis users, as well as the simulated driving performance for participants who exceeded per se cut-off points compared with those who were below these values. The researchers measured baseline concentrations of THC in 190 regular cannabis users after instructing participants to abstain from cannabis for at least 48 hours. Following abstention, the researchers also evaluated driving performance in this group using a driving simulator.

From this, the team found that many regular users of cannabis exceed zero tolerance and per se THC cut-off point concentrations days after their last use. Specifically, 43% of participants exceeded zero-tolerance statutes at baseline, while 24% had baseline blood THC concentrations that were greater than or equal to the per se cut-off of 2 ng/mL, and 5.3% had blood concentrations greater than or equal to 5 ng/mL.

Based on the results from the driving simulation, participants with elevated baseline concentrations of THC did no worse on a driving simulator compared with participants who were below per se cut-off points. Altogether, the results add to a growing body of evidence showing that current per se THC blood limit laws lack scientific credibility as face-value evidence of impairment.

“More work needs to be done to address how to best identify drivers who are under the influence of cannabis and are unsafe to drive,” the study authors wrote. “At present, the best protocol is a combination of observations in the field and toxicology testing.” They also added that “an essential component of improving highway safety is collaborations between law enforcement and the scientific community to develop standards that are unbiased and potentially lifesaving.”

American college trains medical students on how to treat with cannabis

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quit smoking
Cannabis flowers, usually smoked, are inaccurately labeled

Maryland, home to the FDA, is one of 38 US states, along with three territories and the District of Columbia, that have legalized cannabis for medical purposes. This legal sea change has generated increasing interest in and use of cannabis and cannabis products, yet most health care practitioners and students feel underprepared to counsel patients on medical cannabis, according to a new paper co-authored by a University of Maryland School of Medicine (UMSOM) faculty member and published in JAMA Network Open.

The paper suggests key content that should be incorporated into medical school curricula so that students will have the tools they need to serve patients in a landscape of increasing legal medical cannabis use, according to study co-author David Gorelick, MD, PhD, Clinical Professor of Psychiatry at the Maryland Psychiatric Research Center.

“This paper outlines the core competencies that physicians should possess to deal appropriately with their patients regarding medical cannabis,” Dr. Gorelick said. “The goal is to spur medical schools and residency programs to incorporate these competencies into their curricula.”

When I interviewed Dr. Raphael Mechoulam in the past, and also Dr. Alan Shackelford, both medical cannabis pioneers in their right, they both understood that dosing is key. How to find it may depend on the individual’s response to finely tuned concentrations of CBD and THC and other cannabis active compounds.

Alan Shackelford, medicinal cannabis doctor Charlotte's Web
American-Israeli physician Alan Shackelford was the first to treat children, using CBD. He helped legalize cannabis as medicine in Colorado where he practices.

The core competencies could also help clinicians address a concurrently increasing amount of legal non-medical cannabis use, Dr. Gorelick added, as 24 states, including Maryland, now allow for adult recreational sale and use of cannabis products.

In collaboration with more than 20 co-authors across 26 institutions, Dr. Gorelick and his colleagues characterized the gap between patient and clinician needs and the current medical school curriculum. They cited past studies showing that only 8 percent of medical school curricula mentioned medical cannabis in the 2015-2016 academic year, and that 66.7 percent of surveyed medical school curriculum deans felt their students graduated without adequate preparation for prescribing medical cannabis.

At the same time, the need for cannabis-informed physicians is increasing as more people are using cannabis with or without medical supervision — UMSOM researchers studying cannabis use among pregnant women found that use increased 170 percent between 2009 and 2016, for instance.

When I asked cancer researchers at Princess Margaret Hospital in Toronto, treating my dad for cancer, and one of the leading cancer clinical hospitals in the world, they were stumped and said I couldn’t access any treatments inside the hospital. The concept was out of bounds.

To better meet the needs of patients and clinicians, the authors assembled 23 clinical and scientific experts with varied backgrounds to achieve a consensus on what medical students need to know about cannabis before entering practice. The process resulted in a recommendation of six core competencies addressing the clinical utility, risks, legal landscape, and scientific evidence around medical cannabis.

The six core competencies are:

  1. Understand the basics of the endocannabinoid system.
  2. Describe the main components of the cannabis plant and their biological effects.
  3. Review the legal and regulatory landscape of cannabis in the US.
  4. Describe the evidence base for health conditions that are commonly managed with cannabis.
  5. Understand the potential risks of medical cannabis use.
  6. Understand basic clinical management with medical cannabis.

”It’s important that medical students be exposed to this information, and we currently provide lectures that cover cannabis fairly robustly in our pre-clerkship curriculum in the first two years of medical school,” said Dr. Joseph Martinez, MD, UMSOM Professor of Emergency Medicine and the school’s Associate Dean for Medical Education and Student Experience.

Students also gain hands-on experience in caring for patients using cannabis, as well as any other medications and illicit substances, after they begin their clinical rotations, he added.

“I’m pleased to say that the UMSOM medical student curriculum appears to incorporate most of the topics recommended in the JAMA Network Open article,” Dr. Gorelick said. “I hope that further progress will be made in including cannabis-related material in the curricula for clinical clerkships and residencies. This will help ensure that future physicians have the knowledge and expertise they need to work with patients who are using or considering using cannabis products.”

What a martian ice age left behind tells us about our future

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Mars
What we can learn from Mars about climate change

We have heard that peak climate change might be in sight. Does Mars have more clues about our future? Travelling from Mars’s equator toward its northern latitudes, planetary scientists reach a region called Coloe Fossae — a landscape carved by deep valleys, collapsed blocks of terrain, scattered craters, and remarkably, the fingerprints of a long-vanished ice age. New high-resolution images from ESA’s Mars Express mission offer the clearest evidence yet that the Red Planet once cycled through dramatic shifts in climate, much like Earth.

Earth has experienced several major ice ages over the past 2.5 billion years, the most recent peaking around 20,000 years ago when global temperatures fell to 7–10 °C. These events are driven by natural changes in Earth’s orbit and axial tilt — processes known as Milankovitch cycles. They bear no relation to modern, human-driven global warming, which scientists continue to warn about the climate crisis.

Mars, too, has undergone its own glacial rhythms. The new Mars Express imagery shows long, parallel lines cutting diagonally across Coloe Fossae — fractures created as alternating segments of ground collapsed over geological time. Scattered across the area are craters of every age and state: fresh and sharp-edged, or softened by erosion.

On the crater floors and valley bottoms lie the most intriguing features: swirling, textured patterns known as lineated valley fill and concentric crater fill. These formations arise when icy debris slowly flows, glacier-like, across the surface before becoming coated with rock and dust. On Earth, similar structures are found in glaciated mountain ranges and polar regions.

What makes Coloe Fossae especially fascinating is its latitude: 39°N — far from Mars’s polar caps. How did ice accumulate so far south?

The answer lies in Mars’s shifting axial tilt. Unlike Earth, whose tilt is stabilized by its large Moon, Mars wobbles chaotically over millions of years. During periods of extreme tilt, ice can migrate from the poles into mid-latitudes. Throughout multiple cold phases, glaciers spread outward and then retreated, leaving behind the flows and fills visible today. Scientists believe this region may have been covered in ice as recently as 500,000 years ago, when Mars’s most recent ice age ended.

The broader region, known as Protonilus Mensae, marks the dramatic boundary between Mars’s smooth northern lowlands and heavily cratered southern highlands. In some places, this global divide rises as a cliff two kilometers high; in others, like Coloe Fossae, it is a rugged transitional zone shaped by glaciers, impacts, and tectonic collapse. Similar features were observed in Acheron Fossae, highlighted in a previous Mars Express release.

These discoveries deepen our understanding of Mars as a dynamic planet with a shifting climate — and may even inform future studies of how planetary climates evolve, including our own,

Global Emissions Keep Rising, But Scientists Say Peak is in Sight

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black smog cairo
Black smog in Cairo

At COP30 in Belém, Brazil, scientists delivered another stark update: global fossil-fuel emissions are set to rise yet again this year. But for the first time, there are credible signs the world may be nearing a turning point. The timing of that peak — and what happens afterward — will depend largely on one country: China.

According to new data released by the Global Carbon Project on 13 November, emissions from fossil-fuel burning and cement production are projected to rise by 1.1% in 2025, reaching 38.1 billion tonnes of CO₂. That represents yet another record high.

Overall greenhouse-gas emissions — which also include methane, nitrous oxide and fluorinated gases — are still climbing. Yet scientists at COP30 stressed that emissions growth is slowing, and that a peak could emerge within the decade. As Bill Hare, physicist and head of Climate Analytics in Berlin, put it: “We don’t [project] the global inflection point until around 2030, unfortunately, but it does look like emissions are flattening off.”

Some researchers argue that the world may already be entering the early stages of decline for CO₂ specifically. The Global Carbon Project notes that overall carbon emissions could fall slightly in 2025 if a projected drop in deforestation and other land-use changes holds. But researchers caution that it is still “too early to say that the world has turned a corner on its fossil-fuel addiction.”

Emissions today are roughly 10% higher than when the Paris Agreement was signed in 2015 — far from where they need to be to limit warming to 1.5°C. Major industrialized countries, responsible for the bulk of historical emissions, have been reducing their emissions for more than two decades. But emissions are rising nearly everywhere else, especially across low- and middle-income countries that are growing their economies and expanding energy access.

China is the deciding factor

No country shapes the global emissions trajectory more than China. Over the past two decades, China has become the world’s largest emitter and now accounts for almost one-third of global greenhouse gases. The main driver is coal: China burned nearly 2.3 billion tonnes of it last year, according to the International Energy Agency in a Nature recap.

Yet China, conversely, is also the world leader in clean-energy deployment — wind, solar, and electric vehicles — and has committed to reducing overall greenhouse-gas emissions by at least 7% from peak levels by 2035. Hare predicts that when China’s emissions peak, global emissions will peak as well.

So are we in a good place?

A growing number of analysts believe that moment may have already arrived. Data from Carbon Monitor, which tracks daily emissions, suggests China’s carbon emissions peaked in 2024 and will fall by 1.2% this year. Researchers at the Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air (CREA) report a similar downward trend.

According to Zhu Liu, an Earth-systems scientist at Tsinghua University, the biggest driver of the current decline is the collapse of China’s real-estate market, which has slashed demand for cement and steel. (See the problems of concrete and cement here) Clean-energy deployment is accelerating as well. China’s impact on other nations such as Ethiopia are also clear. Massive neighborhoods around Addis Ababa were built with cement and then abandoned. “I would say this is the peak of China’s carbon emissions,” Liu says.

Related: inflatable concrete homes made sustainably

China isn’t known for its accuracy in anything, certainly not the news. To win global favor and expanding trade agreements in EVs for instance, China will need to learn to be a bit more like the west. Countries that have bought Chinese EVs, for instance, understand they are a security risk as the Communist party can collect data and information about the drivers and the roads with the flip of a switch.

Over the years, the concerns of China spying have led to a wave of proposed bans and new rules on devices such as DJI drones, with US lawmakers and agencies worried that they could send sensitive information to China or be used for spying. The biggest push to ban DJI comes from the 2025 National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA).

Can a jungle jam? Brazil percussionist finds out

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In an era when the climate crisis often feels abstract, distant, or buried beneath the data of carbon credits or financing mechanisms of COP30, a new artistic project from Brazil is cutting through the noise—literally—by turning one of the world’s most fragile ecosystems into a musical collaborator.

Pantanal Jam, a groundbreaking sound experiment created inside the world’s largest tropical wetland of Brazil, treats nature not as a backdrop but as a full artistic partner. The Pantanal—home to jaguars, giant otters, macaws, and more than 4,700 documented species—becomes both muse and musician, shaping the album’s rhythms, motifs, and improvisations in real time.

To understand the philosophy behind the project, Green Prophet spoke with Sandro Moreno, drummer, percussionist, and co-creator of Pantanal Jam.

Sandro Moreno
Sandro Moreno

His reflections reveal not only the making of an album but the emergence of a new ecological listening practice—one that invites humans to stop dominating nature’s soundscape and start collaborating with it.

Take the album “Espiral,” says Moreno. “At the very beginning of the track, a jaguar growls – not as a background effect, but as a participating artist. That growl shaped the pulse of the moment. It entered the rhythm like a beat, blending seamlessly with the percussion and setting the mood for everything that followed. It was wild, unexpected, and perfect.

“Throughout the album, this conversation with nature continues. Birds like the thrush, the Pantanal blackbird, the seriema, the hornero, the potoo, the ibis, macaws, and parakeets – they didn’t just inspire us. They played with us. Their calls, cries, and chatter became part of the music’s soul, interacting with our drums, guitars, and voices in spontaneous harmony.

“This wasn’t about layering nature sounds onto music in post-production. It was about playing with nature – responding to its rhythms in real time, allowing its unpredictability to shape our own.”

Musicians have long searched for ways to collaborate with the natural world, though few have taken it as far as Pantanal Jam.

Stevie Wonder experimented with field recordings and environmental textures on albums like Journey Through the Secret Life of Plants, one of the earliest mainstream attempts to treat nature as a co-composer rather than a backdrop.

couple recording sounds with plants

If you love this kind of sonic ecology, you’ll probably also enjoy our stories about Plants that talk using sound and AI, how we might one day speak “dolphin”, and crickets composing the soundscape at the Venice Biennale.

Scientists and sound artists have also translated plant electrical signals into audible frequencies, creating “plant music” that reveals hidden rhythms in living organisms. And Björk, through projects like Biophilia, has blended natural processes, digital ecosystems, and experimental instrumentation to explore how the environment can shape melody, structure, and emotional tone.

Pantanal Jam emerges in this lineage but roots itself directly in a living biome, playing not about nature or around it, but with it in real time.

Sandro Moreno

According to Moreno, when the group set out to create Pantanal Jam, they weren’t planning to simply compose music. They were planning to listen—deeply—to “one of the most biodiverse and magical places on Earth,” responding to it “in the most honest way we could: through sound.”

Moreno describes the concept as letting the living landscape lead: the wind, the water, the rustling trees, and most importantly the animals. These weren’t atmosphere or incidental texture. They acted as “fellow musicians,” their voices forming motifs that shaped the improvisations and guided the compositions.

For a percussionist, this demanded a different kind of listening. Moreno says rhythm exists everywhere in the Pantanal: in the lapping of water, the beating of wings, distant thunder, or dawn animal calls. Playing in that environment required letting go of control, responding intuitively, and allowing the environment to lead. It became less about performance and more about presence.

His description of the project extends beyond technique. Pantanal Jam, he says, is an invitation to reconnect with the earth through music, to experience the wild not as an accessory but as part of our own creative process. Art doesn’t have to dominate nature. It can dance with it.

The Panatal in Brazil. National Geographic.

This approach lands at a crucial environmental moment. The Pantanal is under escalating threat. Wildfires in recent years have burned unprecedented areas, droughts have intensified, and agricultural expansion continues to alter the wetland’s hydrology. Projects like Pantanal Jam do not pretend to solve these systemic issues, but they shift the cultural lens: they ask listeners to hear the biome as a living, expressive presence rather than a resource or backdrop.

By bringing listeners into this sound world, the project acts as both artistic innovation and subtle ecological advocacy. It reminds us that ecosystems are not silent. They speak constantly—if we listen.

::www.pantanaljam.com

How flat windows work on round and dome-shaped rooms

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Inflatable concrete house

Circular homes are having a renaissance. From inflatable concrete shelters to earthen superadobe domes and traditional adobe roundhouses, curved structures promise strength, energy efficiency, and resilience in a hotter, stormier world. Their geometry sheds wind, holds heat, and uses fewer materials than boxy buildings. They also just feel better, as bed-“womb” builder Hassan Fathy always said.

But there’s one practical concern that consistently comes up when readers explore these climate-smart homes: How do you put flat windows into round walls?

Curved architecture may be ancient, but modern living still expects views, ventilation, and natural light. Fortunately, builders have developed elegant, low-tech solutions that work across materials and climates. Here’s a guide to the most effective ways to fit windows into round or dome-shaped homes.

Create a Flat “Window Buck” Inside the Curve

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Flat buck

This is the most common method used in superadobe domes, monolithic domes, inflatable concrete houses, and even straw bale roundhouses. A window buck is a rigid, rectangular insert made from wood, steel, or composite. It’s placed into the wall while the dome or roundhouse is being built.

How it works: Construct a strong rectangular frame the size of your chosen window. Anchor it to rebar, mesh, or the foundation. Build your curved wall—earthbags, adobe, or sprayed concrete—snugly around the frame. Install a standard flat window once the wall cures.

Why builders use it: It interrupts the curve just enough to create a flat surface without weakening the dome. Standard windows fit perfectly, and the buck acts like a structural anchor.

Shape an Arched or Vaulted Opening (The Classic Adobe Method)

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A superadobe home by Caltech

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In traditional Middle Eastern and North African adobe buildings, window openings are shaped as arches carved into thick earthen walls. The windowpane stays flat, but the curved walls taper gracefully toward it.

Benefits: The arch distributes structural loads evenly. No lintels needed, reducing cracking. Creates deep, shaded window wells—excellent for cooling in desert climates. Ideal for passive solar design. This method is especially beautiful in hand-plastered homes and pairs well with natural finishes.

Add a Mini Flat Section or Buttress for the Window

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Curved homes don’t need to be perfectly round. Builders often create a subtle flat segment or “mini buttress” — just wide enough for a window. This technique is common in eco-resorts in Sinai, Jordan, and Portugal that want the sculptural look of domes but the convenience of standard glazing. Why it works: It’s simple, avoids complex carpentry or brick work, and creates a stable vertical plane for installation without disrupting the overall geometry.

Install Circular or Porthole-Style Windows

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A barrel sauna with a panoramic window. It’s plastic, not glass. 

Some builders embrace the curve by choosing round or oval windows. These are custom-builds, and more expensive options generally. Plastic windows, with tints, may be found in home and dome kits for a reduced fee.

Where you’ll see them: Inflatable concrete bunkers, monolithic domes, tiny eco-homes, storm-resistant shelters and in barrel sauna. They eliminate the need for a flat insert and can withstand extreme wind. Repurposed marine portholes are surprisingly popular thanks to their durability and charm.

 

Round homes ask us to rethink building conventions. Their curves offer comfort, efficiency, and surprising strength—but they require intentional window design. Whether you’re building in the desert, forest, or city fringe, one of these solutions will fit your climate, materials, and aesthetic.

Take me home, Roman roads

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Roman roads of the past

Two thousand years ago, all roads led to Rome. Now, thanks to modern data science, they finally do again — this time in high resolution. A newly released digital atlas Itiner-e what they call a “Google Maps for Roman roads.”It is being hailed as a kind of Google Maps for the ancient world, charting nearly 300,000 kilometres of Roman roads across Europe, the Middle East, and North Africa. The project stitches together countless archaeological and historical datasets into a single interactive network, revealing the sheer scale of the viae Romanae that once bound the empire together.

Ancient Roman roads

At its peak around AD 150, the Roman Empire stretched from Britain’s Hadrian’s Wall to the banks of the Euphrates, from the Atlas Mountains to the Black Sea. Its lifeblood was the road — engineered with stone, gravel, and astonishing precision — that carried soldiers, grain, ideas, and empire itself. But despite centuries of scholarship and excavation, our understanding of this network has remained incomplete.

Rome colosseum, self-healing mortar
Romans mastered self-healing mortar, which works well in wet environments

Although the roads are one of the best-known aspects of Roman history, it’s surprising how many details about them we still don’t know. According to the new dataset, the locations of only 3% of Roman roads are known with certainty; the rest have been inferred from satellite imagery, topographical analysis, and fragmentary archaeological evidence.

The map, created through a collaboration of classicists, GIS specialists, and open-data archivists, pulls together previously siloed regional studies — from Britain’s Watling Street to Israel’s Via Maris — into a single digital ecosystem. Each route can be explored interactively, complete with estimated construction dates, trade significance, and terrain context.

For ordinary viewers, it’s a revelation — a chance to visualize how Rome’s engineers carve through deserts, mountains, and marshes to keep an empire alive. It is, quite literally, the skeleton of Western civilization rendered as pixels and coordinates.

But this project isn’t just a nostalgic look backward. It’s also a powerful reminder of what sustainable infrastructure once meant. Roman roads were built to last millennia, with local materials, drainage systems, and low-maintenance stonework that endured centuries of weather and war. Many of today’s highways and rail lines still trace their original foundations. Roman concrete was self-healing and lasts until today.

In an age of asphalt sprawl, potholes, and short-term urban planning, the Roman network offers a strange kind of hope for our future. Ancient engineers designed for permanence and adaptation — concepts that modern infrastructure often neglects. The Romans understood maintenance as a civic duty, with roads meant to connect people, not just move things.

Roman law (Lex Julia Municipalis, 45 BCE) required local communities and landowners to maintain the sections of road passing through their territory. Public funds (the cursus publicus) supported major arteries, showing that upkeep was embedded in governance.

Some sustainability researchers see parallels between the Roman viae and today’s green corridors: both seek to balance movement, resilience, and local ecology.

 

Sustainable Architect Ronak Roshan on the Politics Behind the Houston Ismaili Center

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Aga Khan’s Ismaili Center in Houston to share Shia Muslim culture and community

The recently inaugurated Ismaili Center in Houston has been celebrated as a triumph of architecture, culture, and interfaith dialogue. Yet some in the architectural community are urging a deeper look at what such projects represent in geopolitical and environmental terms. Sustainable Architect Ronak Roshan from Iran (who calls out the Shia Muslim Aga Khan Award for greenwashing its award) offers the following perspective on the origins, symbolism, and environmental implications of the project:

“This issue can be examined from several perspectives to clarify the reasons behind the emergence of such a project in the heart of this site. The construction of multiple mosques in the West should be understood within the policy seen in Paris, where, due to the fear of the rise of fundamentalism following the migration of Muslims caused by war, poverty, and other reasons to the West, the directive to build numerous mosques was issued to organize these communities.

“Saudi Arabia and several Arab countries also contributed financially (to building mosques). It is undeniable that every person has the right to have a place of worship according to their faith, but the question is whether this is the right approach. This should be seen from the political roots and the role of governments in power relations.

“I do not view the formation of this mosque outside of this perspective.

“Keep in mind that this project began before the current Aga Khan.

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The Shia Islam center in Houston is the latest eco-mosque – launched in 2025

“The new Aga Khan studied environmental sciences in the United States and is expected to be both aware of and sensitive to such issues. These policies were not in place during his tenure. The Aga Khan Award manager is Iranian, a person with significant influence whose development-oriented approach is old school and largely symbolic, very close to Farshid Moussavi, the Iranian architect based in London. These connections are not coincidental.

“I mention these points to clarify the small but important reasons behind the formation of such projects. It must be emphasized that a project of this scale cannot truly support the environment unless they themselves transparently disclose or reveal that they have offset the carbon footprint or have fully transparent reports. Otherwise, such projects should have been undertaken at smaller scales and within smaller neighborhoods.

“Ms. Moussavi generally works on large-scale projects and even has some failed projects in her record; for example, some speculative developments in Turkey. A beautiful object with high spatial quality is no longer considered successful architecture in today’s world.”

Ronak Roshan
Ronak Roshan. Image supplied to Green Prophet.

Roshan’s critique reframes the Houston Ismaili Center not as a beacon of progress, but as a mirror reflecting the entanglement of faith, politics, and greenwashing in contemporary architecture — a beautiful object whose sustainability remains, for now, a matter of belief rather than proof.

 

Qatar builds its own oversight mechanism to monitor itself on climate — what could go wrong?

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Qatari LNG gas flare
Qatari LNG gas flare

Qatar, the world’s richest per-capita nation and the planet’s largest exporter of liquefied natural gas (LNG), has announced an ambitious set of “environmental sustainability goals” for 2030. On paper, the Gulf state pledges to cut emissions by 25 percent, generate 4 GW of renewable power, and protect 30 percent of its land and marine areas.

It’s a vision wrapped in the language of decarbonization, resilience, and “global cooperation.”

But who’s keeping score? The answer, it turns out, is Qatar itself. The same petrostate that fuels the global gas market has quietly built its own “oversight” mechanism to monitor, verify, and approve its climate progress. The Global Accreditation Bureau (GAB)—a Doha-based body established by the government—recently became the first Middle East entity to sign an international agreement allowing it to accredit greenhouse gas verifiers.

On paper, this gives Qatar international recognition for tracking emissions. In practice, it means the fox is now in charge of the henhouse.

Qatar’s self-styled climate governance system includes a national MRV framework (Measurement, Reporting and Verification) designed to track carbon output across sectors. The country touts it as a transparent, UN-aligned process developed in partnership with the Global Green Growth Institute. Yet the data pipeline, the audit process, and the publication of results all sit under the Qatar Ministry of Environment and Climate Change. There is no independent audit, no investigative press to scrutinize numbers, and no civil society oversight. No free press can criticise Qatar. No one person or NGO can hold it accountable.

In theory, “international alignment” sounds good. But in the absence of true independence, it’s little more than bureaucratic choreography. A climate governance façade, built for export. The GAB may tick ISO and IPCC boxes, but it remains accountable to the same state apparatus responsible for expanding LNG exports well into 2050.

Qatar calls this sustainability; the rest of the world might call it self-certification.

Qatar’s contradictions are stunning. The country burns vast amounts of fossil fuel to desalinate water and cool indoor stadiums, then advertises solar plants and metro lines as symbols of green progress. It finances one of the most powerful propaganda networks, Al Jazeera; reporters who work there cannot investigate environmental issues at home. The same “news outlet” runs climate-awareness campaigns on the London Underground.

It’s a nation that sells gas by night and lectures the world by day on carbon offsetting.

Building one’s own watchdog is the natural next step in that narrative. With no freedom of the press, no parliamentary opposition, and no public-access climate data, Qatar’s self-auditing system ensures that the only emissions counted are the ones convenient to count.

In the end, Doha may not just be exporting LNG. It’s exporting a new model of green authoritarianism — where the state burns, monitors, and praises itself, all in the same breath.

Qatar’s climate hypocrisy rides the London Underground

Qatar climate hypocrisy, Al Jazeera climate ad London Underground, fossil fuel Qatar greenwashing, Qatar LNG exports climate crisis, Al Jazeera London Tube ad campaign, Qatar carbon footprint propaganda, climate change billboard London, petrostate sustainability PR, greenwashing fossil fuel states, Qatar selling sickness and cure
Climate hypocrisy

Fossil fuel giant Qatar—the world’s top LNG exporter and a known sponsor of extremist and terror groups such as Hamas and Hezbollah, has no free press at home, yet floods London with glossy ad campaigns telling the West how to manage carbon credits and climate change. It’s the height of green hypocrisy: a petrostate profiting from the crisis while pretending to cure it.

If you’ve taken the London Underground lately, you may have seen them — sleek Al Jazeera English ads urging governments to “redouble their efforts to tackle climate change.” The image: a man knee-deep in floodwater, dragging what looks like the remains of a livelihood. The message: urgent, moral, global. The messenger here to save us: Qatar.

I’ve seen similar ads from Saudi Aramco about how we need to invest in clean energy on the back pages of the New York Times as they pump out megatons of oil.

It’s a curious irony — the world’s richest per-capita fossil fuel state paying for climate virtue ads in the West timed with COP30 in Brazil. Qatar, a monarchy built on liquefied natural gas exports and one of the highest per-capita carbon footprints on Earth, is telling London commuters how to save the planet. The country that bankrolls the world’s most polluting industries, limits press freedom, and funds a network forbidden from criticizing its own rulers now positions itself as a moral voice for climate action. You can’t make it up.

The Al Jazeera campaign has plastered slogans across London, part of a broader PR push to soften Qatar’s image ahead of the next round of UN climate talks happening now in Brazil, COP30, a charade of do-gooders where not much gets done. In a just world, no fossil fuel companies should be leading this conversation. Like cigarette companies, they should be banned from buying ads.

In a just world, the billions spent on soft-power PR that comes out of London offices (see our story on how a London firm greenwashes Qatar to ravage a Seychelles island) would go toward real decarbonization and freedom of information.

Until then, Qatar remains a master of doublethink—burning gas by the megaton while selling “sustainability” to a world desperate for clean air. Wake up from your slumber people.

 

 

Israel’s first cloned milk hits cafés as Remilk and Gad Dairies launch “The New Milk”

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Remilk, an animal-free cloned milk, hits the market in Israel

I once lived on a kibbutz in Israel for a year. The saddest sound I ever heard was a newborn calf crying for its mother. That’s the hidden soundtrack of the dairy industry — cows separated from their calves within hours, udders swollen, pumped with hormones, antibiotics, and additives like Bovaer to squeeze out more milk. All that pain, all that chemistry, ends up in our coffee cups.

Enter Remilk, an Israeli foodtech pioneer creating real milk without cows. In partnership with Gad Dairies — one of Israel’s best-known dairy brands — Remilk has just launched The New Milk, a lactose-free, cholesterol-free, animal-free milk identical in taste and nutrition to cow’s milk. The product is now pouring into cafés and restaurants across Israel and will hit major supermarket chains in January 2026.

Related: Israel is the first country to approve the sale of lab meat

While we think safe, healthy, regenerative slow food is the best place to aim for, Remilk might be the healthy in-between until we get there.

alternative dairy farming
Slow Food cows make high fat milk using regenerative agriculture. Such food made by mistakenly labeled as unhealthy.

Remilk’s milk is not plant-based. It’s real dairy protein, created using precision fermentation — the same process used in the biotech world to make insulin or vitamins. Scientists insert the gene for a cow’s milk protein into a microbe, which then “ferments” and produces that protein without the cow. The result: milk that’s biologically identical to dairy, minus the animal, methane, and moral compromise.

Remilk’s CEO Aviv Wolff calls it “a better, healthier, and tastier world through real milk made without cows.” Amir Aharon of Gad Dairies adds that the collaboration is “a defining moment where generations of dairy tradition meet groundbreaking technology.”

Three products are debuting under The New Milk line: a Barista Milk for cafés, and two retail versions — a regular milk and a vanilla-flavored option. They froth, foam, and taste just like the real thing, yet contain 75 percent less sugar. The milk is fortified with calcium and vitamins and, being kosher-pareve, can be served right after meat meals — a quiet revolution for Jewish kosher consumers long frustrated by dairy separation rules.

What Israelis really think about milk

Ahead of the launch, Remilk and Gad commissioned a national survey with Geocartography Knowledge Group. It found that 92 percent of Israelis still drink animal-based milk, but more than half also consume milk alternatives. There are more vegans per capita in Israel than anywhere else in the world. The main barrier for more people going vegan and dairy-free? Taste. Fifty-five percent said current substitutes “aren’t tasty enough,” while 50 percent of kosher-observant respondents said they’d happily drink coffee with milk after a meat meal — if the milk tasted real.

The New Milk may have found the perfect sweet spot: authentic flavor, ethical production, and a format that fits Israel’s dietary laws and café culture.

Beyond dairy guilt

Remilk’s animal-free protein has already been approved by regulators in Israel, the U.S., Canada (Canada gives the green light to cloned milk), and Singapore. Each market confirmed the protein’s safety and molecular identity with traditional milk. The company has raised more than $150 million USD and is scaling production globally.

Precision fermentation still uses energy, and its total carbon footprint depends on where and how it’s produced. Yet Remilk’s life-cycle analysis shows significant reductions in land and water use compared to industrial dairy. If scaled efficiently and powered by renewables, it could help phase out one of the most resource-intensive sectors of modern agriculture.

Read more on Israel’s uneven contributions to the alt meat and airy markets

Israel is the first country to approve the sale of cultured meat

Israel’s uneven impact in the cultivated meat market

Aleph Farms engineers lab-grown steaks from cattle cells

Slaughter free ribeye steak meat grown in a lab

Is lab meat kosher?

Lab-grown meat telling convenient lies about carbon footprint

Israeli alt dairy startup Imagindairy raises $15M seed

Israel’s Yofix offers dairy and soy-free yoghurt alternative

Vegan protein alternative for dairy industry (Yofix flexitarian plant dairy)

New vegan milk made from hummus (or chickpeas)

Canada gives green light to Remilk’s cloned milk

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Remilk

While X is abuzz with news that Canada may be selling cloned meat, in truth cloned milk is not quite market ready. But what is ready for the marked is cloned milk, and Canada is gearing up to sell cloned or lab milk this year. It’s a fermented, hormone-free, cruelty-free milk made in a lab, without cows and may be on the shelves sooner than you think.

Canada has just approved what could be the future of milk — without cows.

The foodtech company Remilk has received Health Canada’s coveted Letter of No Objection for its animal-free dairy protein, becoming the first producer of animal-identical milk protein to gain approval in the country. Canada joins the U.S., Singapore, and Israel in giving the regulatory nod to this new form of “cloned milk.”

Remilk uses a process known as precision fermentation: they take the genes that code for cow-milk proteins and insert them into microbes (e.g., yeast or other single-cell organisms). Those microbes then manufacture the identical protein.

This isn’t a plant-based milk like oat or soy milk that is full of sugar or estrogens and which can cause glucose spikes. It’s real milk protein — beta-lactoglobulin (BLG) — made through precision fermentation, a process that uses genetically engineered microorganisms instead of cows to produce identical dairy proteins.

Remilk on the market in Israel

For the first time, Canadians may soon find milk, yogurt, or ice cream made entirely without animals, yet indistinguishable in taste and nutrition from traditional dairy.

The approval marks a watershed moment for Canada’s nascent foodtech sector, signaling that its regulators are ready to engage with cellular agriculture and fermentation-based food production. Dana McCauley, CEO of the Canadian Food Innovation Network, called it “a transformative era in our food supply,” one that could help feed growing populations with fewer resources and less environmental harm.

A global first for safety validation

Remilk offices

Remilk’s co-founders, Aviv Wolff and Dr. Ori Cohavi, say the approval followed an extensive review of the company’s data on safety and molecular equivalence. “Health Canada’s acceptance of our animal-free protein is additional validation of its safety and purity,” said Cohavi. “Each of the four regulatory agencies that have examined our protein has found it to be identical to traditional milk protein.”

Wolff adds, “Canada’s process was rigorous. We met with Health Canada’s team, provided the data they requested, and were thrilled to receive their Letter of No Objection. It’s an honor that opens the door for Canadian companies to develop animal-free dairy products.”

What it means for consumers and the planet

Remilk says its protein allows manufacturers to make familiar dairy products — milk, cream cheese, or yogurt — that are lactose-free, cholesterol-free, and hormone-free. For consumers, that means indulgence without digestive distress or ethical compromise.

The company uses a patented fermentation process to manufacture its BLG protein at commercial scale. Precision fermentation is resource-efficient compared to livestock farming, though it does require significant energy. Remilk recently completed a life-cycle analysis that reportedly shows “substantial reductions in land, water, and greenhouse-gas emissions” versus conventional dairy. The data will be peer-reviewed before publication.

While the environmental benefits still need independent confirmation, Canada’s approval signals a larger trend: the mainstreaming of fermentation-based proteins as credible climate solutions. The country’s openness could attract more innovators working on sustainable fats, egg proteins, and alternative meats — such as Israel’s Aleph Farms and other Israeli foodtech startups.

For now, the symbolic impact is huge. “Reinventing dairy by removing cows from the equation” was once a science-fiction idea. With Canada’s green light, it’s officially a market reality — and the race to define the future of milk has entered a new phase.

For more on sustainable and futuristic foods, see Green Prophet’s coverage of lab-grown honey and cultivated seafood innovation.

Kabbalah sages once lived on carob and now the superfruit returns as a modern prebiotic

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Carob pods on the tree

 

From cave food to clean-label prebiotics

Jewish tradition tells of Rabbi Shimon bar Yochai, a mystic who fled Roman persecution and hid in a cave for years, living on a single carob tree and a spring of water. From this hardship came the mystical teachings of the Zohar, a foundational book in the Kabbalah. The carob tree, Ceratonia siliqua, became a symbol of endurance and nourishment across the Mediterranean. In Israel, carob has been used as a vegan alternative to chocolate for years. Little kids don’t notice the difference and it’s a natural way to satisfy the sugar craving.

Two thousand years later, the same fruit is being reborn as a sustainable, functional superfood.

Carob prebiotic gummies
Carobway can be used in prebiotic gummies

The Swiss–Israeli bio-ingredient company CarobWay has announced an exclusive US distribution deal with GRA Nutra Corp. to launch CarobBiome in 2026 — a clean-label prebiotic fiber derived from upcycled carob fruit.

Carob pods are rich in natural fiber, minerals, antioxidants, and D-pinitol, a compound linked to blood-sugar balance. The new ingredient CarobBiome contains about 85% total fiber, combining soluble and insoluble fractions that promote digestive comfort and metabolic wellness. It is made using only water and heat, producing a neutral-flavored powder for supplements, baked goods, snacks, and meal replacements.

“CarobBiome™ was designed to be gut-friendly, label-friendly, and highly functional,” says Udi Alroy, CarobWay’s CEO and co-founder. “We wanted to honor the ancient fruit while applying modern science to support everyday health.”

Partnership rooted in sustainability

Carob pods on the tree

GRA Nutra CEO Lynda Doyle says the partnership will help bring carob’s potential to the North American functional food and supplement market. “By integrating CarobWay’s high-quality, responsibly produced ingredients into our portfolio, we expand what we can offer across the functional food, beverage, and supplement industries,” Doyle explains. “Our shared commitment to sustainability and integrity drives this collaboration.”

CarobWay grows and processes its own carob trees across the Mediterranean, creating a zero-waste, vertically integrated supply chain. The seeds and pulp are all reused in new products, and the drought-resilient trees contribute to carbon sequestration and soil health — making carob one of the planet’s most sustainable crops.

Even the sages warned about balance

Not everyone in the ancient world viewed carob as a miracle food. The great medieval physician and philosopher Maimonides (Rambam) wrote in his dietary teachings that, “One should refrain from eating too many tree fruits… carobs are always harmful… while figs, grapes, and almonds are always beneficial.”

Rambam believed that health was derived from food and it is advisable to not eat too much at any meal. His warning about carbos are likely rooted in the medical science of his time, reminds us that moderation was once the ultimate prescription for health.

Today, modern nutrition is rediscovering that same principle — but with new tools and evidence. While carob in excess may have troubled medieval digestion, its natural fibers and polyphenols are now recognized for supporting gut balance and metabolic health when used properly.

Once a symbol of survival and divine simplicity, carob bars are born from a new generation of sustainable foods aligned with the global “food as medicine” movement. We do believe however the best source of nutrition is food that is not processed and altered and then put back together.

carob balls, nuts coconut
Carob is an easy and sustainable chocolate replacement. You can make your own carob nut balls.

The carob tree thrives where little else grows, using minimal water and resisting pests naturally. As droughts worsen across the Mediterranean and Middle East, carob’s resilience offers a model for regenerative agriculture. Its deep roots stabilize soil and provide shade for biodiversity, aligning with climate-smart farming goals across the region. Hiking in the Sea of Galilee region in Israel it is easy to come across a carob tree and have a healthy snack. Watch out for the seeds. They can break your teeth.

Competition in the U.S. prebiotic market

CarobWay isn’t alone in the growing gut-health race. The U.S. market is already rich with functional fiber innovators:

  • TIC Gums (Ingredion) — A major player in carob powder and hydrocolloid ingredients, supplying functional fibers and clean-label texturizers to major food brands.
  • Nexira — Its inavea Carob Acacia blend combines acacia and carob fibers with proven prebiotic effects, already marketed in North America.
  • Traditional prebiotics — Inulin, soluble corn fiber, and tapioca fiber dominate the category, though brands are actively seeking novel, sustainable alternatives like carob.

With consumers shifting toward “food as medicine,” the emergence of carob-based prebiotics positions CarobWay among a small but promising circle of next-generation fiber innovators.

For Green Prophet readers following stories like seed banks in the Middle East, recovering gut health after antibiotics,
and ancient carob recipes for Tu B’Shvat, and make your own carob nut balls.

Iran’s holiest city about to run dry as terror chosen over water management

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Mashhad
Water systems are on the verge of collage in Iran’s holiest city Mashhad, second in size only to Tehran

Iran’s second-largest city, Mashhad, is facing an acute water emergency after dam reservoirs feeding the city fell below three percent capacity, according to Iranian state and local media. Officials warn that without rainfall or improved inflows from neighboring Afghanistan, the city’s supply could soon collapse. It’s happened before that Iranian generals have accused Israel for stealing their clouds.

Iranians on X are talking about murdered bodies showing up in the dried sediment. “Reports that at least 74 bodies have been found in the Karaj Dam in Iran, all thought to be executed anti-regime dissidents,” says X commentator Nioh Berg.

“Because of the drought and lack of rain, this dam has dried up almost completely and revealed a MASS GRAVE. The victims had their hands and feet tied, and they were rolled into rugs, as well as wrapped in plastic. Their murderers didn’t account for the drought, and thought the bodies would never be found. This news story was published and then quickly deleted by regime media, after they realised it’s probably their own doing.”

Dead bodies are being exposed in dried sediment of dams in Iran
Dead bodies are being exposed in dried sediment of dams in Iran

 

“The water storage in Mashhad’s dams has now fallen to less than three percent,” Hossein Esmaeilian, the chief executive of the water company in Iran’s second largest city by population, tells ISNA news agency. He adds that “the current situation shows that managing water use is no longer merely a recommendation — it has become a necessity.”

Mashhad lies in Razavi Khorasan Province in northeastern Iran, a semi-arid region dependent on a small network of dams for drinking water, agriculture, and limited power generation. The most critical of these are the Doosti (Friendship) Dam, built jointly by Iran and Turkmenistan on the Hari (Harirud) River; and the smaller Kardeh and Torogh dams that directly supply the urban network.

The Doosti Dam, completed in 2004 near the Turkmen border, was designed to provide up to 60 % of Mashhad’s potable water. But its inflows have plummeted after Afghanistan’s Taliban government inaugurated the Pashdan Dam upstream on the Hari River near Herat earlier this year. Iranian officials accuse Kabul of violating cross-border water agreements and cutting off critical flows. The Iranian daily Jomhouri-e Eslami warned this week that the new Afghan dam “threatens the very survival” of Mashhad’s reservoirs.

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An ancient Qanat system in Persia. Spread throughout the arid Middle East, these systems predated Roman aqueducts but the historical narrative isn’t told.

The Hari River — about 1,000 kilometers long — originates in Afghanistan’s central highlands, flows west through Herat into Iran, and ends in Turkmenistan’s Karakum Desert. Historically, its seasonal floods recharged aquifers and sustained farming along the Iranian border. But with multiple new Afghan dams under Taliban control, less water is reaching Iran’s northeastern provinces, even as rising temperatures and a prolonged regional drought accelerate evaporation.

Related: The Taliban kills Japanese water hero

Within Iran, years of poor water management compound the crisis. Kardeh and Torogh dams, both built in the 1970s, are now near “dead storage,” with barely enough volume for municipal use. Over-extraction of groundwater around Mashhad — home to more than three million people and millions of pilgrims annually — has further destabilized the system, causing land subsidence and salinization of wells.

Iran has also been spending billions normalizing terror by finding Palestinians to join Hamas, Lebanese to join the Hezbollah and for the Yemenites to become Houthis. Paying for conflict and not supporting your own people, comes with a high cost. The Iranian regime hates Saudi Arabia, the UAE and Israel so much that it will sacrifice anything in its global jihad.

Experts say the situation underscores both climate vulnerability and political risk in transboundary basins. Iran’s government is pressing for negotiations with the Taliban over shared water rights, as Afghanistan pulls the plug on its water by creating its own dams, but cooperation remains uncertain amid border skirmishes and mistrust.

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Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) on the Blue Nile — Africa’s largest hydroelectric project reshaping East Africa’s power supply and sparking regional water security debates.

If inflows from Afghanistan remain restricted and rainfall fails again this winter, Mashhad could face mandatory rationing and long-term aquifer collapse — a warning sign for the entire region as climate change and geopolitics converge in Iran’s drying east. Could we see a bigger conflict between Iran and Afghanistan? A good possibility. Similar tensions have been brewing for years between Ethiopia building the GERD dam and Egypt which is being denied water upstream.

If you’ve ever travelled to cities like Amman, Jordan, the water-stressed city shows how life goes on with water stress. Some city folks get water piped in once a week, but because municipal supply is so limited, many households, businesses, and institutions buy extra water from private tanker trucks and store this in private reservoirs so they never run out.

Ski Japan and skip the cherry blossoms

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Japan powder
Skiing in Japan from Samurai is now 

When you think of Japan, you probably picture cherry blossoms or neon-lit sushi bars. But in winter the country reveals a different kind of magic: snow-covered mountains, steaming outdoor onsen baths that are piped in from natural hotsprings, and one of the most unique ski cultures on Earth. From Hokkaido’s deep powder to Nagano’s Olympic valleys, Japan offers a winter experience that blends sustainability, tradition, and breathtaking natural beauty.

Start in Hokkaido, Japan’s northern island and snow capital. The Niseko region is internationally famous for its reliable powder and long winter season. The combination of cold Siberian winds and Japan’s maritime climate creates light, dry snow that falls almost daily between December and March.

The four main resorts—Grand Hirafu, Hanazono, Niseko Village, and Annupuri—are connected by lifts and shared passes, making it easy to explore all the mountain areas without a car. The nearest airport is New Chitose near Sapporo, and the journey from Tokyo by train and regional rail takes about five hours. In recent years Niseko has also begun introducing renewable-powered facilities and electric buses to reduce carbon emissions. We like that!

Skiing in Japan

For travelers arriving from Tokyo, Nagano Prefecture on Honshu island is the most convenient option. The Hakuba Valley, which hosted events during the 1998 Winter Olympics, includes ten interconnected resorts that receive generous snowfall from mid-December to March.

Hakuba Happo-One and neighboring Iwatake are especially popular for their mix of wide beginner runs and challenging alpine terrain. The Hokuriku Shinkansen bullet train connects Tokyo to Nagano in under two hours, followed by an hour’s scenic bus ride to Hakuba. Several hotels and lodges here now run on renewable electricity and promote zero-waste practices in partnership with the village’s sustainability initiative.

Nearby, Nozawa Onsen is perhaps Japan’s most atmospheric ski destination. The mountain offers more than thirty-six runs, and the village itself—famous for its natural hot springs—has been welcoming skiers for decades. Thirteen public baths bubble with geothermal water, free for anyone to use. Streets are narrow and walkable, and the entire community is heated partly by geothermal systems that prevent snow from icing the roads. The easiest route from Tokyo is by Shinkansen to Iiyama, followed by a short local bus ride.

Farther north in Niigata Prefecture, Myoko Kogen offers a quieter, more traditional atmosphere. The area includes several classic resorts such as Akakura Onsen, Ikenotaira, and Suginohara, known for tree skiing and soft snow that lingers into spring. Myoko’s municipal tourism office has committed to the national “Zero Carbon Tourism” framework, encouraging resorts and lodges to convert to renewable power and hybrid transport.

When to ski in Japan?

Onsen in Japan
An onsen in Japan, perfect for after skiing

Japan’s ski season typically runs from mid-December to late March, although Hokkaido’s colder climate often allows skiing into April. The best conditions tend to occur in February, when snow depth peaks and crowds thin after the holidays. Climate data from Japan’s Meteorological Agency show that average winter temperatures have risen by about 1.5 degrees Celsius since the 1970s, shortening the season at lower-altitude resorts. In response, several ski areas are investing in energy-efficient snowmaking systems powered by renewable energy and reforesting slopes to stabilize the snowpack.

What sets Japan apart from other ski destinations is how seamlessly nature and culture intertwine. After a day on the mountain, most visitors trade ski boots for slippers and head to an onsen—an outdoor hot spring surrounded by snow and cedar trees. In Hakuba, bathhouses draw water from volcanic sources deep beneath the Alps. In Hokkaido, ryokans such as those near Niseko or Jozankei combine minimalist architecture with local cuisine and geothermal heating. Soaking in mineral water after skiing under falling snow is not just a ritual of comfort; it’s an immersion in the country’s centuries-old respect for natural energy.

Related: Skiing in Lebanon, where, when, how

Traveling sustainably in Japan is straightforward. The Shinkansen network, powered mainly by electricity from renewable and low-carbon sources, connects all major ski areas. Rail passes like the JR East or JR Hokkaido Pass make it affordable to combine multiple resorts in one trip without relying on rental cars or domestic flights.

Local bus systems in Hakuba, Myoko, and Niseko are expanding electric and hybrid fleets. Choosing rail over air travel can reduce your carbon footprint by as much as 80 percent for domestic journeys. We’ve rented cars in Japan and while it was find for a couple of days, most of the highways are boring, expensive and give little extra value along the way. The cars are small so you won’t be able to fit much if any gear, and you need to navigate driving on the wrong side of the road if you are from the United States.

Bringing gear or renting it?

Ski and snowboard rental shops in major resorts like Niseko, Hakuba, Furano, and Nozawa Onsen are exceptionally well equipped. Many rent out high-end gear from brands like Rossignol, Atomic, Burton, and Salomon — often less than two seasons old. Shops like Rhythm Japan (Niseko, Hakuba) or Spicy Rentals (Nozawa, Myoko) offer performance packages that rival what you’d find in the Alps or Rockies. The gear is also calibrated to the snow and getting around on public transport in Japan will be cumbersome with gear brought from home.

Skiing in Japan isn’t just about chasing powder and getting around fast —it’s about slowing down and seeing how a country deeply attuned to the seasons adapts to a warming world. From the geothermal heat that warms its baths to the electric trains that glide through frozen valleys, Japan shows how winter tourism can evolve without losing its soul. The snow still falls, the onsen still steam, and in every village the quiet rhythm of winter endures. And maybe you’ll get to see a snow monkey along the way.

Forget the cherry blossoms in Japan. Take the train north, breathe in the cold air, and ski your troubles away. A little saki can warm you up at the end of the day.

Lebanon ski resorts and when to escape climate change

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The Cedars in Lebanon via in the snow

Planning your winter holidays and want something a little more exotic for the family? Lebanon offers a rare alpine escape in the Middle East—high-altitude slopes within close reach of the coast, cedar forests and mountain villages. You can ski by day and swim by night. Resorts such as Mzaar Ski Resort Faraya, Cedars (Bsharri) Ski Resort, Zaarour Club, Laqlouq, Faqra and the nearby Cedars of God (Bsharri) forest region deliver a mix of skiing and nature. But the future of winter tourism here is being challenged by changing seasons and climate change.

Where to Ski in Lebanon:

Lebanon has downhill and cross-country skiiing. From In the Snow 

Mzaar Ski Resort Faraya: Located in the Keserwan-Jbeil mountains and just over an hour from Beirut, Mzaar is Lebanon’s largest ski resort and a go-to for all ski levels. It offers dramatic views across the Bekaa Valley. For travelers, this is the most accessible destination and contains a wide range of slopes, accommodations and après-ski options.

Cedars (Bsharri) Ski Resort: In the Bsharri region, the Cedars resort lies near the famed “Cedars of God” grove and operates at higher altitude than many Lebanese resorts. Because of the elevation, it tends to offer better snow cover and is a strong choice for those seeking reliability and dramatic alpine scenery.

Zaarour Club: Zaarour is situated on Mount Sannine in the Matn district, about 35 km from Beirut. With north-facing slopes, activities beyond skiing, and a quiet setting, it’s ideal for families or visitors who want a gentler ski trip within close reach of the city.

Laqlouq lies at a lower base altitude (around 1,650-1,800 m) and while it offers charm and authenticity, its lower elevation means more sensitivity to warm weather and shrinking snow cover. If you visit, plan for a flexible schedule and keep an eye on snow conditions.

Faqra combines winter sports with historic Roman ruins and natural beauty. Though not always as large as Mzaar or the Cedars, it offers a distinctive ski-holiday option in Lebanon’s mountain belt.

Cedars of God (Bsharri) Region: While not strictly a ski resort itself, the Cedars of God forest near Bsharri forms a spectacular backdrop to the ski resort experience. The high-altitude forest of Lebanese cedar trees is emblematic of Lebanon’s mountain ecosystem. It adds ecological and cultural value to a ski visit in the region.

Why the Ski Seasons Are A-Changin’

beirut from above
Ski by day and stay in Beirut by night

Lebanon’s ski industry is under pressure from climate change. According to Reuters, snow cover is expected to shrink by up to 40 percent by 2040. A recent review notes that ski resorts in Lebanon face the challenge of insufficient snow, increasingly shorter seasons and rising expenses. For example, at Mzaar only about 70 percent of slopes were able to open in one season due to insufficient snowfall. Lower snowfall, delayed season openings, and rising temperatures all contribute to uncertainty for visitors and operators alike.

What this means for you as a skier: choose resorts with higher elevation (like the Cedars), monitor local snow and weather reports ahead of your trip, and set realistic expectations—the skiing season may begin later, end sooner, and conditions may not be the same every year.

Lebanese resorts and communities have begun to adapt. And despite the country lacking basic resources such as continuous power or a safe water supply, some of the measures include upgrading snow-making infrastructure, improving the efficiency of ski lifts, and diversifying into four-season mountain tourism.

Ski resorts in Lebanon are coping by turning the region into a full-season tourist destination, like Blue Mountain in Barrie, Ontario, Canada, which turns its ski lifts into bike lifts for downhill bike riding on extreme trails. The Canadian ski town also offers forest treks and climbing sports, along with man-made pools and family packages for the resorts that normally don’t generate income in the summer.

So if the snow is melted for your ski holiday in Lebanon, this is what you can do: enjoy hiking, mountain biking, wellness retreats—to compensate for shorter ski seasons. Participate in forest conservation and the protection of mountain ecosystems (such as the Cedars of God) to maintain snow-catch and water-storage functions.

Planning Your Ski Trip to Lebanon

Here are some tips to maximize your ski holiday in Lebanon:
• Go early or late in the season: mid-January to early March tends to offer the best conditions, though keep an eye on real-time snowfall. Book a flexible ticket for flights and hotel rooms if possible.
• Choose high-altitude resorts: resorts like the Cedars have more reliable snow because of elevation.
• Flexibility helps: check snow reports, know that slope availability may vary, and look for resorts that offer other activities if snow is thin.
• Book accommodations near the slopes: resorts like Mzaar and Zaarour are close to the coast and Beirut, making logistics easier.
• Respect the environment: Lebanon’s mountains are ecologically fragile—choose resorts and services that demonstrate sustainable practices.

If you’re looking for a ski escape that blends altitude, Mediterranean views and unique mountain culture, Lebanon is still an exciting choice and one you can talk about when you return home. Resorts like Mzaar Ski Resort Faraya, Cedars (Bsharri) Ski Resort, Zaarour Club, Laqlouq and Faqra offer a range of experiences from lively slopes to tranquil escapes. However, the window for consistent snow is narrowing, and the effects of climate change are real. Planning ahead, choosing your resort wisely and embracing the full mountain experience (not just snow) will give you your best chance of a memorable trip. Lebanon’s mountains aren’t just skiing locations—they’re landscapes in transition, and your visit can both enjoy and support their evolving future.

According to Planet Ski, “There are currently 68 countries in the world that offer equipped outdoor ski areas covered with snow. Even if snowfields are much more numerous there are about 2,000 ski resorts worldwide. Besides the major ski destinations in terms of skier visits, there are a number of other, smaller destinations, where skiing has been an industry for a long time, or is currently developing.”

The most obvious emerging destinations are Eastern Europe and China, according to the expert ski site. There are a number of other small players spread out across the globe and they are in: Cyprus, Greece, India, Iran, Israel, Lebanon, Lesotho, Morocco, New Zealand, Pakistan, South Africa, Turkey and several more. Have a ski experience to share in a less-travelled area? Send us a report [email protected].

For more background on Lebanon’s ski industry and climate change, read
Put Away Your Snowboard: Lebanon’s Slopes Are Melting, which looks at how higher temperatures have already cut the skiing season in half.

If you’re comparing Lebanon with other regional options, see 5 Top Ski Holidays in the Middle East,
which includes Mzaar in Lebanon alongside other regional ski spots.

For a broader look at eco-conscious winter travel and skiiing, link to our past coverage on Where to go for a sustainable ski holiday?, which weighs up greener ski choices and resort practices.

 

Houston eco mosque opens amid Texas faith and climate tensions

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On November 6, 2025, Houston welcomed its newest civic landmark: the Ismaili Center, Houston, a luminous Shia Muslim complex overlooking Buffalo Bayou Park that merges Islamic art, architecture, and landscape design.

It was inaugurated by Mayor John Whitmire alongside Rahim Aga Khan V.

Related: 5 eco mosques in the world

Aga Khan is the new Imam of the world’s Shia Ismaili Muslims — the Center marks the first Ismaili civic and cultural complex in the United States, and perhaps the most ambitious example of faith-based sustainable design built in the South. It is the first Ismaili Center in the United States, joining those in London, Vancouver, Lisbon, Dubai, Dushanbe, and Toronto. The project fulfills a vision set in motion by Shia leader Karim Aga Khan IV (1936–2025) and realized by his son and successor.

But in Texas, a state where political tensions are now rising over pluralism, and at a time when the Aga Khan’s own architecture awards have faced accusations of greenwashing, Houston’s newest monument is more than a work of beauty — it’s a test of credibility.

In September 2025, Governor Abbott signed a law banning what the state describes as “Sharia compounds” — developments “open only to Muslims” or controlled by religious law structures. This was in response to a Muslim-built EPIC city that discriminates on who can buy homes in the community based on religion.

A Civic Oasis in a Divided State?

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The estimated $170 million project sits at the intersection of Allen Parkway and Montrose Boulevard, within walking distance of the Rothko Chapel and the Menil Collection — Houston’s spiritual-artistic corridor.

That spirit will be tested. In recent months, Governor Greg Abbott has come under fire for launching a campaign to halt construction of a proposed Islamic-planned community near Dallas, drawing accusations of Islamophobia from faith leaders and civil-rights groups (Houston Chronicle). Elsewhere, redistricting maps have cut Black and Latino representation in Houston by half, prompting protests by local clergy and activists (Houston Chronicle).

Amid this climate, a Muslim-led institution dedicated to “shared human values” carries political resonance. The Ismaili Center, Houston, designed by London-based architect Farshid Moussavi and landscape architect Thomas Woltz, aims to model pluralism through design witnessed by open courtyards, shaded eivans (verandas), and gardens meant for dialogue, art, and quiet reflection.

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The building’s green credentials are strong — at least on paper. Rising above the 500-year floodplain, its underground garage doubles as a flood reservoir. The 11-acre landscape slopes gently toward the Bayou, channeling runoff through terraces, reflecting basins, and flood-adaptive gardens. It’s parking lot underground can hold runoff in the case of a flood.

Woltz calls it “a transect of Texas,” planted with desert agave, prairie grasses, and Gulf Coast reeds — a living metaphor for ecological and cultural adaptation.

Materials were chosen for longevity — stone, steel, and ultra-high-performance concrete with a 100-year life cycle. Natural light filters through perforated screens that recall Persian craft traditions. The design philosophy echoes the global movement for regenerative Islamic architecture explored in Green Prophet’s stories on Hassan Fathy’s legacy and green architecture across MENA.

Ismaili center concrete
Ismaili center concrete

 

The Shadow of Aga Khan Greenwashing

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The Aga Khan Development Network (AKDN), which oversees the Ismaili Centers and funds the prestigious Aga Khan Award for Architecture, has faced increasing scrutiny over how it markets “sustainability.”

Green Prophet’s recent investigation, “When Greenwashing Overwrites Ecology at the Superadobe Majara Residence”, questioned the ecological validity of one of the Aga Khan Award’s 2025 winners in Iran. That project — celebrated for its earthy “superadobe” domes — was found to rely heavily on unsustainable materials, tourist economics, and a romanticized desert aesthetic. They did not reply to our questions and ignored an Iranian architect Ronak Roshan who embodies ecological integrity above all in her practice.

Another Green Prophet piece on the 2025 Aga Khan Architecture Winners argued that the Award risks functioning as a form of cultural branding — celebrating Islamic modernity while skimming over deeper environmental costs and issues. These critiques raise a question for Houston: will this Center be an authentic green civic landmark, or a monumental case study in eco-optics and religious politics?

As we’ve explored in “Saudi Greenwashing at NEOM” and “UAE Green Finance and COP29”, even projects wrapped in the language of sustainability can mask carbon-heavy construction and elitist urbanism.

A Real Test of “Faith in Practice”

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Unlike many mosques or churches, the Ismaili Center Houston explicitly presents itself as civic infrastructure: a place for performances, classes, and lectures, with a café and art exhibitions open to all. The Aga Khan center does the same in Toronto. Yet when we see the way a dominant group politically includes projects with little merit for the sake of politics, we believe this is more politics and optics than true pluralism.

The Aga Khan’s global network has a record of genuine impact — funding hospitals, universities, and rural-resilience projects from East Africa to Pakistan. Yet critics note a lack of public reporting on carbon metrics or third-party audits.

If the Ismaili Center Houston truly evolves into a community green hub — hosting lectures on climate justice, native gardening workshops, or open dialogues on the energy transition — it could redefine how faith institutions serve cities in crisis. But given the rise of antisemitism across the United States and Canada, much of it fueled by extremist rhetoric, it’s fair to ask whether this is also a political project dressed in the language of pluralism. If its lush gardens and polished stone remain mostly symbolic, the Center risks becoming yet another addition to the Aga Khan’s portfolio of beautifully designed but tightly managed “sustainable” showcases.

Whether the Ismaili Center becomes a true model for green faith architecture or just another chapter in the Aga Khan’s controversial brand of eco-diplomacy will depend on what happens after the press photos fade.

Canaan’s sacred wine and folk worship in the fields

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Several 3,300-year-old Canaanite artifacts, including a ram-shaped vessel, were unearthed in archaeological excavations along Highway 66, near Tel Megiddo in northern Israel, in a discovery announced on November 5, 2025. (Katerina Katzan/Israel Antiquities Authority)
Several 3,300-year-old Canaanite artifacts, including a ram-shaped vessel, were unearthed in archaeological excavations along Highway 66, near Tel Megiddo in northern Israel, in a discovery announced on November 5, 2025. (Katerina Katzan/Israel Antiquities Authority)

Long before prophets, before Israelite kings or Jerusalem temples, the people of Canaan lived by the rhythm of the soil. They planted vines on the slopes of the Jezreel Valley, crushed grapes beneath their feet, and poured the first sweet liquid to their gods. Now, a remarkable discovery near Tel Megiddo in Israel reveals how ancient wine and worship intertwined at the dawn of urban life in the Holy Land.

An Israel Antiquities Authority excavation conducted ahead of road construction on Highway 66 has uncovered one of the earliest known winepresses in the country — about 5,000 years old — and a collection of ritual vessels that bring to light the domestic cult of the Canaanites. The excavation, financed by the Netivei Israel – National Transport Infrastructure Company, was part of a large-scale development upgrading the main artery that links Yokneam, the Jezreel Valley, and the Gilboa region.

According to the Israel Antiquities Authority, “Impressive evidence of Jezreel Valley settlement expansion at the onset of urbanization, and of the Canaanite cult that existed in the land before the Israelites entered the region, was recently uncovered east of Tel Megiddo.”

The discoveries reveal how daily life, agriculture, and religion once merged seamlessly across the northern valleys.

From the Early Bronze Age IB, a small rock-cut winepress was exposed — a sloping treading floor that channeled juice into a hewn collection vat. “This winepress is unique, one of very few known from such an ancient period when urbanization first took place in our region,” explained Dr. Amir Golani and Barak Tzin, Excavation Directors on behalf of the Israel Antiquities Authority.

“Winepresses are indeed very common throughout the country, but it is very difficult to date them. Until now, indirect evidence indicated that wine could have been produced 5,000 years ago, but we did not have conclusive proof of this – a ‘smoking gun’ that would clearly show when this happened in our area. This winepress finally provides new and clear evidence that early wine production actually took place here.”

Around the press, the team uncovered dwellings and courtyards that hint at an early village economy. The winemaking enterprise was likely community-based, tied to the cycles of agriculture and celebration. Megiddo’s residents were already part of a regional network that shipped jars of oil, grain, and perhaps even wine to Egypt and the wider Mediterranean world.

Folk Worship in the Fields

A later phase of the excavation, dating about 3,300 years ago to the Late Bronze Age II, uncovered evidence of popular Canaanite worship just outside the ancient city’s gate. Archaeologists found a miniature ceramic model of a shrine, imported Cypriot jugs, and an intact set of vessels used for libations — the ceremonial pouring of liquids.

Among them was a zoomorphic vessel in the form of a ram. The IAA described how it worked: “A small bowl, which was attached to the ram’s body, was designed to function as a funnel; and a similar bowl – with a handle – was probably held to pour the liquid into the funnel during a ceremony. The ram’s head was shaped like a spout. Once the vessel was filled, tilting the ram forward spilled the liquid out from its mouth to collect it into a small bowl placed before it. The vessel seems intended for pouring a valuable liquid such as milk, oil, wine or another beverage, which could either be drunk directly from the spout, or poured into a smaller vessel for consumption, or as a votive gift.”

A 5,000-year-old wine press was unearthed in archaeological excavations along Highway 66, near Tel Megiddo in northern Israel, in a discovery announced on November 5, 2025. (Yakov Shmidov/Israel Antiquities Authority)
A 5,000-year-old wine press was unearthed in archaeological excavations along Highway 66, near Tel Megiddo in northern Israel, in a discovery announced on November 5, 2025. (Yakov Shmidov/Israel Antiquities Authority)

The vessels had been deliberately buried in the earth. Their placement suggested small-scale rituals carried out by farmers outside the city’s main temple precinct. In the words of the Authority, “The burial locations of these ritual vessels in the ground yet in the direct line of sight to the large temple area operating at Tel Megiddo in the Late Bronze Age II – may indicate a Canaanite folk cult that took place outside the city on the way to the main city gate – possibly by local farmers who could not enter the city and its temple, coming from their nearby fields to offer consecrations of liquids or valuable agricultural produce, such as wine or oil.”

This “folk cult” reveals a side of ancient religion often missed in grand temple ruins. These were ordinary people, not priests or kings, giving thanks to the land through what they produced. Wine, oil, and milk were not merely commodities but sacred mediums that connected the human and divine.

Layers of Faith and Soil

The Megiddo discoveries illuminate the continuity of belief that tied Canaanite farmers to their earth. For more than a century, excavations at Tel Megiddo have revealed palaces, temples, and gates that mark the rise of urban civilization. But these new finds, uncovered along the modern highway, extend that story beyond the city walls. They show that devotion was not confined to elites but lived in courtyards and fields.

“Megiddo has been excavated for over a century,” the researchers summarized. “While it is long-recognized as a key site in the study of ancient urbanism and Canaanite worship, the excavations we conducted east of the tel have revealed a new part of the matrix between the known settlement in the city – evidence of which has been revealed upon the tel – and the activities taking place in the area around and outside the city. The 5,000-year-old hewn winepress places the beginnings of the local wine industry in a very early urban-settlement context, while the offerings from the period about 3,300 years ago indicate the continuity of ritual consecration and libations outside the sacred complex within the tell, possibly expressing aspects of the local Canaanite folk cult.”

As Eli Escusido, Director of the Israel Antiquities Authority, noted, “The Israel Antiquities Authority’s extensive excavations along the route of the Jezreel Valley road are revealing, layer by layer, the wealth of history hidden and embedded in the soil here. The exposure of ancient wine-making facilities, and the evidence of folk worship outside of Megiddo, allow us to become acquainted with the daily life and beliefs of the region’s residents over the course of thousands of years.”

The finds will soon be displayed at the Jay and Jeanie Schottenstein National Campus for the Archaeology of the Land of Israel in Jerusalem. “These remarkable discoveries are a national asset and proof that advancing national infrastructure can proceed with full responsibility towards the past,” added Nissim Peretz, CEO of Netivei Yisrael.

The soil of Canaan still holds the scent of crushed grapes. Five millennia later, wine remains part of the region’s spirit — a testament to how the people of this land once turned harvest into holiness, and work into prayer.

Pea pod wine recipes are making a comeback with allotment gardeners

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drinking pea pod wine
Time for peapod wine

Peapod wine (get the recipe here) often associated with the classic British sitcom The Good Life, where the characters Tom and Barbara Good make and drink a potent “peapod burgundy”. 

In the age of craft cocktails and artisan spirits, urban foraging and making the most out of the least, one unlikely throw-back is quietly making a comeback: peapod wine.

Once a humble “country wine” born out of thrift during hard times, it’s now being re-discovered for its simplicity, novelty and sustainable roots. The process involves simmering fresh green pea pods, discarding the pods themselves and fermenting the resulting infusion with sugar, grape concentrate (or raisins), yeast and other minimal additives.

Related: You can also make your own jailhouse bootleg alcohol here

Historically, peapod wine was born in rural kitchens where the shelling of peas left behind abundant pods and no desire to waste them. Rather than compost or discard, enterprising home brewers turned them into a light-bodied table wine. Vintage articles describe it as an old-school countryside favourite, and “a fine example of country wine thrift.”

The flavour profile is reportedly crisp, clean and surprisingly refined, with little trace of vegetal “pea” taste. Essentially, the fermentation and added grape concentrate mask the pod flavour, yielding a light dry white wine.

What’s driving the comeback? Sustainability. Up-cycling kitchen leftovers, minimising waste and making something homemade with basic ingredients resonates strongly with modern home-brewers and eco-aware drinkers. The DIY movement in fermentation (from kombucha to natural wines made from honey, even! ) has opened the door to recipes like this.

Also, the story and novelty add value: a wine made from what most would toss sparks conversation at dinner parties, tastings and small local producers seeking niche markets.

Pea pods for pea pod wine
Want to make wine from your pea pods, or will you eat them raw?

That said, it’s not without challenges: sourcing enough pea pods in the right season, ensuring sanitary fermentation, that they are organic, and ageing time (many recipes suggest several months to a year before optimal clarity and flavour). If the pods are healthy and young, I’d probably just eat them raw.

But for those willing to experiment, peapod wine offers a bridge between heritage, sustainability and craft. It’s a reminder that innovation sometimes means looking backward — to what humble home-makers did when times were tough.

We have the peapod wine recipe here.

Inflatable concrete homes: a California and Ontario case study

Robert Downey Jr.'s Binishell in Malibu. Courtesy of Nicolo Bini.
Robert Downey Jr.’s Binishell in Malibu. Courtesy of Nicolo Bini

 

Grocery prices and mortgages in cities are going through the roof. You’ve decided to go rural and you are looking at the options. What about an inflatable concrete home like the one built by Robert Downey Junior? If you’ve chosen this path, over superadobe, you wonder, how can you make the numbers work and make it sustainable? Read our article on inflatable concrete homes and how much they cost.

Let’s start: Imagine buying a modest rural plot, somewhere near Sudbury, Ontario, or in the Sierra foothills of California—and building a 1,000-sq-ft (93 m²) home using an inflatable-shell method like that created by Binishell. A flat, fabric form is inflated on-site and filled with a low-carbon concrete mix that hardens into a seamless, dome-like shell.

Binishell Robert Downey Junior home in Malibu
Binishell Robert Downey Junior home in Malibu

Inside, the walls are finished and insulated with hempcrete, a breathable, carbon-negative material that stores carbon as it cures. The entire build aims to reduce dependence on expensive mortgages, rising energy bills, and urban living costs while embodying resilience and ecological balance.

Because there’s no heavy scaffolding or formwork, construction is quick and more or less clean. Inflation and concrete pumping take a day; curing takes a week or so. The costs?

Ontario: Shell cost ≈ US $25–40 / sq ft.

California: Shell cost ≈ US $45–60 / sq ft.

After adding foundations (will you have a finished basement?), utilities, and finishes, total cost lands between US $120–16/sq ft—far below conventional rural builds, which often exceed US $250/sq ft. The finished home is highly energy-efficient: thick hempcrete walls and thermal-mass concrete stabilize interior temperature, lowering heating and cooling bills by up to 50%. Over 15 years, savings on mortgage and energy can reach tens of thousands of dollars. For people who want to start a regenerative farm or an online business in the country, this is a no-brainer.

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Inflatable concrete house

Concrete’s carbon footprint is its biggest flaw, but newer mixes cut emissions dramatically. Take calcined-clay blends (LC³), fly-ash or slag substitutes, and carbon-mineralization technologies like CarbonCure which can reduce CO₂ output by 40 %. In California, renewable-energy credits further offset embodied carbon; in Ontario, pairing solar panels or micro-hydro with low-carbon materials can make the structure nearly net-zero.

Look out for hidden costs and restrictions. Some people prefer to buy land in unorganized townships to avoid too much government oversight. That doesn’t mean you can do what you want. Permits are still needed. In Ontario, you need a building permit for any new structure over 10 square meters (108 sq ft), or for any structure, including sheds, over 15 square meters (sq ft), depending on the municipality.

Hempcrete adds another layer of sustainability, absorbing CO₂ during curing and improving indoor air quality. Together, these materials turn a traditionally high-carbon building type into a model of circular design. Hempcrete is also fire resistant, and added bonus for people in forest fire prone areas in California.

The biggest barrier today in new sustainable building isn’t technology—it’s building codes. Inflatable concrete shells fall outside most standard residential classifications. In both provinces and states, permits require engineering certification, structural testing, and often a variance from conventional framing standards. Builders must collaborate with local inspectors early, providing proof of structural integrity, insulation values, and fire ratings. If you are into dealing with those hassles you can create a model home for your neighbors to follow.

Inflatable-shell homes offer a credible path to affordable, durable, and lower-carbon living. For those willing to navigate permitting and pioneer new methods, this approach could define the next generation of rural housing—fast to build, low in cost, and light on the planet. It always takes the first movers to start new dreams.

Inflatable Concrete Domes in Canada

The Monolithic Dome Institute (MDI) has helped bring air-formed concrete construction to Canada, proving that dome-shaped, energy-efficient homes can thrive even in cold northern climates. Its method, known as the Monolithic Dome system, relies on an inflatable air-form, steel-reinforced concrete, and foam insulation to create one continuous, highly durable shell.

In Yorkton, Saskatchewan (shown below), Canadian Dome Industries built a 40-foot (12.2 m) hemispherical home that demonstrates the system’s practicality and strength.

Another dome, located in central Alberta, measures 55 feet in diameter and was built off-grid in 2005. This structure uses passive-solar orientation, thick insulation, and thermal-mass concrete to remain comfortable year-round, reducing energy demand in both heating and cooling seasons.

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Yorkton Dome in Canada
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Yorkdon Dome, finished

 

Construction begins with a flexible Airform membrane anchored to a circular foundation. The membrane is inflated to the desired dome shape, and workers spray its interior with polyurethane foam to form a stable surface. Steel reinforcement is attached to the foam, and layers of shotcrete (sprayed concrete) are applied, hardening into a self-supporting structure. The finished shell functions as roof, walls, and insulation all in one piece—eliminating many of the weak points found in conventional buildings.

Monolithic dome planning

According to the Monolithic Dome Institute, these domes use up to 50% less energy than standard homes. Their rounded shape sheds wind and snow efficiently, making them highly resistant to storms, mold, fire, and pests—key advantages in Canada’s variable climate. We just need a new shape of bed to fit a square in a rounded room.

While MDI’s technique differs from newer “inflatable concrete bladder” methods—where the form itself is filled with concrete rather than sprayed over—the principle remains the same: air replaces formwork.

Binishell Robert Downey Junior home in Malibu
Inside a Binishell home

These Canadian dome homes demonstrate that air-formed, reinforced concrete shells are a proven, climate-resilient housing solution and a foundation for more sustainable, low-carbon building methods in the future. With builds for industry, the Monolithic Domes aren’t as pretty as Binishells.

 

 

Inflatable Concrete Houses: What Are They & How Much Do They Cost?

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Inflatable concrete house

What is an inflatable concrete house? Robert Downey Junior owns one. And they’ve been touted as costing a mere $3500 a build. An inflatable concrete house is a home whose structural shell is formed by using an inflated form or bladder, often made of fabric or drop-stitch material – see our article on Binishells. This form is then filled or coated with concrete—sometimes sprayed—to create a permanent, self-supporting shell. After the concrete sets, the inflatable form either remains as part of the structure or is removed.

A Binishell rendering. Courtesy of Nicolo Bini.
A Binishell home, a modern eco-home works well in the warm, dry climate of California

There are several versions of this method, but the classic Binishell system was invented by Italian architect Dante Bini, and uses a large inflatable bladder laid on the ground. Reinforced concrete is poured or sprayed on top, then inflated so the shell lifts itself into its final domed shape.

Binishells homes for $3500
Binishell homes for $3500

A newer approach developed by Automatic Construction employs inflatable flexible factory formwork—flat, lightweight drop-stitch fabric bladders that are transported easily, inflated on-site, and then filled with concrete to form both walls and roof. We can imagine that 3D printing concrete robots will be able to handle the lay-down of concrete in the future. Current designs don’t look great but are pilots in progress.

The company website states that their factory-made forms reduce on-site labour, transport cost, and job-site waste; they claim their buildings will cost “1/5th the cost” of standard cast-in-place concrete. Their website also notes that actual homes you can live in are “coming soon”.

Automatic Construction first pilots

Another experimental process, created by researchers at the Vienna University of Technology, uses pre-hardened concrete panels placed on an inflatable air cushion. When inflated, the panels lift and bend into their final curved geometry, a process known as pneumatic forming of hardened concrete. The research is coming out of  TU Wien’s Institute of Building Construction and Technology, led by Professor Benjamin Kromoser and Professor Johann Kollegger.

Instead of pouring wet concrete into a form, the concrete is already cured, and the inflation pressure deforms it elastically, forming arches, shells, or domes. Once the desired shape is reached, it’s fixed in place with steel reinforcements or stiffening ribs. This technique allows the creation of elegant curved concrete roofs and shells without traditional scaffolding, molds, or 3D-printed supports.

The appeal of these systems lies in their efficiency and simplicity. Inflation and concrete filling can take place in a few hours instead of the weeks required for conventional formwork. Builders report significant labor and material savings, and dome or shell shapes provide exceptional strength and durability, even under severe environmental conditions. The method also carries a distinctive architectural character that attracts designers seeking expressive, futuristic, or minimalist aesthetics.

As for cost, estimates vary widely depending on design, size, and finishing.

Some small Binishell prototypes have been built for around US $3,500 using sprayed concrete over an inflatable form. Automatic Construction reports shell costs of roughly $10–$30 per square foot for 100- to 200-square-foot prototypes—far below standard homebuilding prices. The Vienna method is described as “quick and cost-saving” for double-curved shell structures, but specific dollar/€ cost numbers are not given in the available sources.

More conventional dome homes, which use similar air-form techniques, typically range between US $100 to 250 per square foot once fully finished. A 1,000-square-foot monolithic dome, for example, might cost about US $60,000 for the basic shell and around US $130,000 after interior finishing.

In all cases, actual costs depend on local labor, materials, foundation, insulation, utilities, and compliance with building codes—but inflatable concrete shells remain one of the fastest and potentially most cost-efficient structural methods emerging in contemporary housing design.

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Earth Architecture at Caltech by Nader Khalili

The fact that cement is a non-sustainable resource (read our article here on how cement is destroying the seas), may lead prospective home owners down a different path if you are following the aesthetics of a dome.

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Superadobes built on this island in a greenwashing campaign

Caltech’s Nader Kalili invented prototypes for adobe dome homes (he called superadobes), earthen homes made to breath and which are sustainable at their core from a materials point of view, but this does not give them a pass if developers destroy islands like this one, in a quest to build a sustainable resort.

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Adobe architecture

These are great solutions for rebuilding Gaza and Sudan with earthen homes, and for helping back-to-the-land movements create affordable homes that are healthy and safe. If you are in the space of sustainable home building, get this book Habitat. We’ve featured the editor Sandra Piesek here. It’s currently the best and more sober resource for land-based architecture of the people for the people. Some architects refer to it as vernacular architecture.

Love the idea of an inflatable concrete house? We have some case studies for California and Canada.

Sea Moss: The New Superfood, Or Just A Trend?

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Sea moss became the new super-food when Kim Kardashian started talking about blending it into her smoothies. Fans following the trend claim that sea moss gives skin a new glow, raises energy, helps with weight loss, and keeps digestion, er, moving along. While it’s nice to think that a jar of mango or strawberry-flavored sea moss gel can change your life, it’s worth taking a closer look at the product before you invest your hard-earned bucks.

sea moss gel

People living by the sea have gathered seaweeds for thousands of years as free and healthy food. Nowadays you can buy many varieties of seaweeds at the supermarket. Think of sushi, which is rice wrapped in nori seaweed. All good stuff, as long as you can be sure that the seaweed you buy has been sustainably harvested from pollution-free waters. More on that later. We’ve also posted about the benefits of a different superfood, spirulina.

Singer Azealia Banks makes her own sea moss blend, as posted on X.

 

Seamoss recipe Azealea Banks

Commercially manufactured sea moss can come from different kinds of seaweed, although usually it’s the type known as Irish moss, or red algae. It’s soaked until the fronds become soft, then processed into gel, powder, gummies and capsules. It’s easy to blend into soups or smoothies, as gel or in powdered form.

Sea moss offers plenty of life-enhancing minerals and vitamins: calcium, folate, magnesium, vitamin K, and zinc, and iodine, a mineral essential for a healthy thyroid gland. It’s a natural source of carrageenan: a thickening and emulsifying agent in yogurt and ice cream, and non-dairy milks. Sea moss provides fiber too.

Yet too much iodine-rich sea moss can be harmful. Eating seaweeds in time-honored traditional ways is one thing; mixing a couple of tablespoons of gel into something liquid is another; and taking sea moss supplements is another thing yet.

Discussing sea moss supplements, registered dietitian Leah Oldham, at the Henry Ford Health center, Michigan, explains:

“Some types of sea moss contain very high levels of iodine, and you could get more than your daily limit without realizing it. Going above the daily upper limits of iodine can lead to goiter, or an enlarged thyroid. The upper limit for adults is 1,100 mcg, but it’s less for children and teens.”

Seafoods, dairy, and eggs have iodine. Even some fruit and vegetables offer iodine: cranberries, strawberries, beans, spinach, and garlic are some. You could hardly overdose on iodine from eating normal amounts of fresh produce.

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Sea moss from the Med Sea

“Sea moss supplements seem like an easy way to get the benefits of sea moss without the taste,” continues Oldham. “The problem is that the Food and Drug Administration does not regulate supplements, so you don’t always know what you’re getting.” Here we’re looking at the possibility of fillers and other un-labelled ingredients.

Oldham adds that sea moss growing in waters polluted with industrial runoff, heavy metals, and chemicals will naturally absorb all that garbage. If you if you’re interested in trying sea moss, look for brands that promise organic.

sea moss

Blending two tablespoons of sea moss gel into your morning smoothie may safely fulfill the promise of boosted health and beauty. There are lots of glowing enthusiastic claims made for those benefits. But sea moss isn’t for everyone.

People taking medications for thyroid, high blood pressure, and potassium-sparing diuretics risk unpredictable interactions between sea moss and their meds. Sea moss may have blood-thinning properties, so those taking blood-thinning medication should avoid it.

Too much sea moss in your diet can cause nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Take no more than the standard 2 tablespoons of gel daily. It hasn’t been determined if sea moss supplements are safe for pregnant and breastfeeding people. Talk to your health practitioner before starting to supplement your diet with sea moss.

There isn’t enough research to validate claims that sea moss can slow the progress of Parkinson’s disease. True, there’s research on treating stiff, slow-moving worms with sea moss. No conclusions reached as to the possible effect on stiff, slow-moving humans.

Best, of course, is to eat a normal culinary portion of seaweed when you can. Are you lucky enough to harvest fresh sea moss from an unpolluted beach? Then you can make your own, safe gel. Here’s a recipe from webmd.com:

First, wash the sea moss and then soak it in cold water for a full day, changing the water frequently and removing any dirt you see. You can leave this on your kitchen counter to soak, as you don’t need to refrigerate it.

You’ll know your sea moss is ready to use when it’s doubled in size and has become white and jelly-like.
Once it’s ready, put the sea moss, along with some water, into a blender and blend until smooth. Start with 1 cup of water and add more if the mixture is too thick.Then refrigerate for at least 2 hours, which will thicken it some more.

Once you have your prepared sea moss, you can store it in the fridge for up to 2 weeks and use it in recipes. For instance: smoothies, soups, stews, baked goods.

You can also make sea moss gel from sea moss powder by blending 1/4 cup of powder with 2 cups of hot (not boiling) water in your blender. Cool the mixture and store it in your refrigerator.

 

Photo of fresh dried sea moss by Plateresca, Getty Images

Mini medical machines destroy pancreas cancer cells in new study

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man testing bacteria resistance with pipettes in lab

A new study has found for the first time that magnetoelectric nanoparticles — tiny, wirelessly controlled particles activated by magnetic fields — can both locate and destroy pancreatic tumors in preclinical models, offering a potential new approach to minimally invasively treating one of the deadliest cancers.

The study was led by scientists and engineers at Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, the University of Miami College of Engineering, Moffitt Cancer Center and Cellular Nanomed, Inc. The findings appeared in the issue of Advanced Science.

In the study, a single intravenous dose of these magnetoelectric nanoparticles (MENPs), when activated by a magnetic field inside an MRI machine, caused pancreatic tumors to shrink to one-third their size and completely disappear in one-third of the treated models. The treatment also more than doubled survival time, all without damaging healthy organs.

Unlike chemotherapy or surgery, this approach uses no drugs, heat, or invasive procedures. Instead, MENPs are injected into the bloodstream, guided by a small magnet to the tumor site, and then activated by the magnetic field of a standard MRI scanner. When switched “on,” the particles generate tiny electric fields that disrupt cancer cell membranes and trigger natural cell death — leaving nearby healthy tissue unharmed.

The approach could overcome key limits of existing electric-field-based therapies, such as tumor treating fields (TTFs) and irreversible electroporation (IRE), which require either wearable devices or surgical electrodes.

“This study brings us one step closer to connecting to the human body wirelessly to help it heal in real time,” said Sakhrat Khizroev, Ph.D., a professor in the College of Engineering and the study’s co-senior author. “We hope it opens a new era in medicine where technology can precisely target diseases that were once considered untreatable.”

The research shows how MENPs can be delivered directly to pancreatic tumors, where they are remotely activated by a magnetic field inside an MRI scanner. Once activated, the nanoparticles generate local electric fields that distinguish between healthy and cancerous cells based on their molecular properties, causing only the malignant cells to undergo apoptosis, or programmed cell death.

MRI scans confirmed that this treatment reduced tumor size and produced clear imaging signals, supporting MENPs as a powerful therapy and diagnostic, or “theranostic,” tool. Because the particles function without pharmaceutical drugs or biological reagents, the approach minimizes side effects and could eventually be applied to other difficult-to-treat diseases.

The idea of using MENPs to wirelessly control local electric fields was first proposed by Khizroev and Liang in 2011. Over the past decade, the concept evolved through global research partnerships and technological breakthroughs, culminating in this study.

Despite major advances in oncology, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains one of the deadliest cancers, with a five-year survival rate below 10%. It is projected to become the second leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States by 2030. Traditional methods, including surgery, radiation and chemotherapy, often harm healthy tissue, while newer approaches such as immunotherapy have shown limited success.

One of the greatest challenges in treating PDAC lies in controlling the electric fields that influence cancer cell growth. Because human tissue conducts electricity, it has been nearly impossible to manipulate these fields precisely inside the body.

The new findings suggest that MENP therapy could one day give patients a safer, more precise option.

 

Toxic sea otters and the pollution they collect at sea

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Toxic sea otters

Along the cold Pacific waters of British Columbia, Canada sea otters float belly-up, cracking shellfish on their chests. They look playful and carefree, yet inside their bodies something far more troubling is happening. A recent study of 11 dead sea otters found along B.C.’s coast revealed that every single one carried high quantities of eight different “forever chemicals” in both liver and muscle tissue.

These PFAS compounds—used in everything from food packaging and cosmetics to non-stick pans, water-repellent outdoor gear, and electronics—do not break down in nature. Over time they accumulate in the food chain, becoming more concentrated as they move from small organisms to fish and ultimately to top predators like otters.

One compound, perfluorooctanesulfonamide (PFOSA), once a key ingredient in Scotchgard, stood out. Its presence in multiple tissues signals long-term environmental exposure and a chemical load that these animals had no way to escape. Sea otters are more than charming coastal icons; they are keystone predators that keep kelp forests alive by controlling sea urchin populations.

When otters become sick or die, entire marine ecosystems begin to unravel. Their contamination is not a side note. It is a warning.

The danger does not end at the tide line. Humans eat the same shellfish and fish, swim in the same waters, and breathe the same coastal air. PFAS chemicals are already linked to fertility problems, hormone disruption, immune system suppression, cancer, and developmental issues in children. If sea otters are saturated with these chemicals, it raises a blunt question: what is happening in our own bodies?

While Canada has taken preliminary steps to regulate PFAS, efforts lag behind those in parts of Europe and the United States, where governments are moving to phase these chemicals out almost entirely. Here, the pace is slower, and monitoring remains limited. Meanwhile, each rainfall carries more PFAS into rivers and coastal ecosystems, and each product we buy that claims to “repel water or stains” brings the problem closer to our homes and oceans.

Saving sea otters is not simply about protecting a beloved species. It is about defending the health of coastal communities, marine food webs, and future generations. The toxins building up in otters are the same ones that build up in us, and their decline is a message we would be foolish to ignore. In the slick sheen of their fur and the stillness of their bodies on the shoreline lies a truth about modern life: we have filled our ocean with chemicals designed never to disappear, and now they are coming back to us through the creatures that depend on those waters to live.

If we want healthy oceans, healthy seafood, and healthy children, we must act before the kelp forests fall silent and the otters vanish from the Pacific coast. Their fate is tied to ours, and time is running out to change course.

Read more on forever chemicals and the sea

Two tons of micro-plastics on Israel’s Mediterranean Sea coast

Microplastics you breathe from dust in the desert

Ecomondo vs. COP: Where the Climate Transition Actually Happens

Ecomondo

As the 28th edition of Ecomondo opens in Rimini, Italy it comes with a quiet truth that feels almost subversive in the era of climate mega-summits and scripted ministerial statements: this trade fair — full of waste-sorting robotics, composting technology, soil-remediation systems, and industrial biogas machinery — may now matter more to the planet’s future than the COP conferences that dominate global climate headlines.

COP has always been about diplomacy, negotiation, and political signaling. It is the global stage where nations gather to pledge emissions targets, debate loss-and-damage financing, and reaffirm their commitment to a shared climate agenda. It’s a place where people meet when the previous work has already been done.

But we are no longer living in a decade where promises are the substance of climate action. We are living in the decade of execution.

ANAS – CANTIERI STATALI. Incontro con Sindaco Alessandro Barattoni e tecnici Anas sui lavori della SS16 Adriatica e della Ss 67.

And execution does not happen in marble plenaries or UN press tents. It happens in exhibition halls like those in Rimini — in the sight of shredder lines turning textile waste into new feedstock, water-recycling systems being stress-tested, algae vats bubbling quietly, and biofertilizer reactors feeding regenerative agriculture.

In other words: COP is where the world talks about climate action. Ecomondo is where the world actually builds it.

This year Ecomondo brings together more than 1,700 exhibiting companies, 30 halls, 166,000 square meters of circular-economy innovation, 380 hosted buyers from 66 countries, and over 200 conferences led by industrial, academic, and regulatory experts. It’s a demonstration of scale — but not the theatrical scale of global diplomacy. It’s the scale of supply chains, of business models, of industrial ecosystems.

Walk through Rimini and the difference is instant: instead of panels debating ambition levels, you see companies demonstrating anaerobic digesters, next-gen composting infrastructure, optical sorters for plastic waste, textile-recycling machinery, aquifer-restoration systems, AI-enabled climate monitoring tools, lithium battery shredders, and sludge-to-fertilizer technology.

Europe’s emissions goals will not be met by pledges, but by infrastructure. The circular economy will not scale through slogans, but through procurement, factories, and financing models. And Ecomondo understands this.

The 2025 programme leans into the hardest industrial questions of the decade:

  • How do we close the loop on textiles under new EU rules?
  • What happens to 2030’s waste solar panels and wind turbines?
  • Can biogas and biomethane scale fast enough to displace fossil gas?
  • How do cities transform waste streams into economic resources?
  • How do we regenerate degraded soils at continental scale?
  • How do we secure critical minerals without opening new wounds?

COP’s theater vs. Ecomondo’s workshop

COP is necessary — it forces nations to face each other and acknowledge a shared emergency. But it is also a place of gesture politics, where governments announce recycled commitments, fossil fuel lobbyists measure influence, and energy companies pose as climate champions while expanding extraction.

In Rimini, the performance drops away. Nobody wins Ecomondo with a pledge or a photo op. You win if your system works, if your process scales, if a municipal department or multinational buyer signs a deal to decarbonize their operations.

Italy is not always positioned as a climate-policy powerhouse. Yet in circularity, water treatment, bioeconomy, and industrial ecology, it is quietly one of the most advanced economies in the world that knows how to dream –– and work.

In a global conversation often dominated by the U.S.–China technology rivalry, Ecomondo is a reminder: Europe’s strength is systems thinking. Decarbonization here looks like integration — circular supply chains, wastewater reuse, biobased feedstocks, land restoration, local manufacturing, and policy synchronized with industry.

Oil is building our green future, and ACWA is showing the world how with $10 billion in investments

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Davos in the desert, FII
ACWA is hob-knobbing at Davos in the Desert.

Over the last month Saudi Arabia’s government-owned ACWA Power has signed roughly $10 billion in clean-energy and water-infrastructure agreements, stretching from the Gulf to Central Asia and Africa. On paper, it’s a renewables story as they erect gigawatt-scale solar farms, grid-scale batteries, and desalination plants powered by clean electricity. Development finance is flowing into emerging economies.  The deals were signed at the Future Investment Initiative (FII9) in Riyadh known as Davos of the Middle East.

But strip away the slick branding and this feels uncomfortably like a new-era greenwash: the same wealth built on hydrocarbons now deciding the fate of clean power. One truth remains — oil money is now one of the biggest buyers of renewable infrastructure on the planet.

Should we cheer or flinch? It’s a moral knot: the petro-economies that fueled climate breakdown are now financing the transition — selling the sickness and then the cure. If this is the price of decarbonization, it forces a reckoning. Who gets to build the future? And why do we trust the arsonists to run the fire brigade?

ACWA’s largest shareholder is the Public Investment Fund of Saudi Arabia which is owned by Saudi Aramco. PIF’s finances come largely from oil revenue and Aramco dividends. Those petrodollars are now underwriting solar and wind farms abroad such as Uzbekistan’s vast steppe, North Africa’s desert grids, along with water-stressed coastlines from the Red Sea to the Indian Ocean.

The company announced the commercial commissioning of the Karatau Wind 100 MW Project in the Qorao’zak and Beruniy districts of Karakalpakstan, Uzbekistan. The project comprises 16 Envision Energy wind turbines of 6.5 MW each, a 15.4 km overhead transmission line, and a 220 kV substation, with associated Balance of Plant facilities. Electricity will be supplied under a 25-year Power Purchase Agreement to the National Electric Grid of Uzbekistan (NEGU).

For Africa, ACWA Power deepened its long-standing partnership with the International Finance Corporation (IFC) through two strategic agreements aimed at accelerating clean energy and water infrastructure deployment on the continent. The first Framework Agreement, valued at up to USD 1 billion, will provide project and corporate financing as well as capacity building and advisory support for ACWA Power’s growing portfolio across Africa.

This includes participation in the OPEC Fund for project financing, equity bridge loans, as well as equity investments support with USD 450 million as the initial target. “The agreement reflects the parties shared commitment to advancing utility-scale clean energy and water projects that drive inclusive, low-carbon growth across the developing world,” says ACWA, signaling its virtuousness as saving the world it is helping us destroy.

Halloween in Saudi Arabia
Halloween in Saudi Arabia

Saudi Arabia is modernizing, however, and this may open the monarchy up for criticism. Saudi Arabia let women drive in 2018, and this year users on social media showed how a Halloween party, considered haram by Muslims, was allowed to take place in Riyadh.

Red Sea Fashion week
Swim suits Saudi Arabia

 

The country is scaling up for tourism and a culture shift by building megacity projects under the name of NEOM. Celebrities in favor of a great paycheck are already lining up to visit places like Shebara, a pristine island in the Red Sea built with no sustainability impact report.

The LEED-Platinum property seeks to minimise its environmental and literal environmental footprint by cantilevering the accommodation spaces above the coral reefs with only a few square meters of ground impact at the base of the supporting column. The result is an aerial accommodation ‘pod’ that almost seems to defy gravity and suspends the guest directly above and within the beauty of an untouched marine eco-system; an observation platform for guests to witness the fish, birds and turtles that thrive in the area. The entire project is powered by a centralized solar farm and fresh water is supplied from a solar powered desalination plant. Recycling of waste material takes place on the island minimizing the need to bring or remove materials from the site. The entire infrastructural backbone of the project forms part of a visitor experience where guest can be exposed to and learn about the approach that goes into making the project a truly self-sustained human development. The design language of the resort compliments the uniqueness of the site. The approach to the façade design has been to minimize visual impact, employing a highly reflective stainless-steel skin polished to a mirror finish. These reflective orbs float, almost imperceptible, reflecting the colors and surface patterns of the ocean, the intense colors of the sky as they change throughout the day. This approach serves to lessen the visual impact of the architecture on the surrounding environment while also greatly improv the building’s energy performance with a near 100% reflection of the solar gain at the mirror surface. These heavily insulated spaces can be effectively cooled with minimal energy losses.
View from above, Shebara in Saudi Arabia

This is not philanthropy but strategy. While Saudi Arabia can announce the “discovery” of a new oil reserve as a PR drill, consumers and oil importers will change loyalties the minute a university invents a way to create practical, unlimited, non-pollution energy.  Saudis, whose wealth knows no limits, are building stakes in a post-oil world, and they’re doing it faster and more decisively than many Western democracies whose politics have stalled climate spending.

In Washington, clean-energy capital flows through regulatory funnels and election cycles. In Riyadh, it’s sovereign mandate and execution, but it’s complex because Saudis do not have convention ambitions in size and scale of anything they create, with little concern for the environment except “on paper”. See The Line.

ACWA’s $10 billion announcement is about procurement, equipment orders, power-purchase frameworks, project finance. Meanwhile, the West is still arguing over heat pumps and carbon taxes. (Luckily Torus, connected to Warren Buffet’s company Berkshire Hathaway is putting practical energy in motion with a flywheel invention to stabilize the grid.)

There is a paradox here in every move ACWA and Aramco makes. Some call it green hypocrisy or hedging. But the more honest description is energy geopolitics moving into its next phase. Whoever builds and finances tomorrow’s grids will shape tomorrow’s trade routes, alliances, and dependencies — just as oil once did. So if you enjoy the west and your freedoms, fight for renewable energy independence by raising up and influencing projects and companies locally.

China understood this early through batteries, solar manufacturing, and Belt-and-Road transmission lines. Now the Gulf sovereigns have joined the board. They don’t want to be buyers of technology, but as builders and exporters of clean-power megaprojects.

The uncomfortable question is not whether oil money should fund renewables but maybe if anyone else can move this fast.

Dubai bank sends staff to co-working spaces

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Letswork, co-working office space in Dubai
Letswork, co-working office space in Dubai

Investors debate between scaling up in Riyadh or Dubai, but the UAE will be the favored Middle East investment hub along with Tel Aviv insofar that conditions are made for great for employees, entrepreneurs and startups. A good business starts from the ground-up and co-working spaces give community and credibility to those who’ve outgrown the bomb shelter or second bedroom.

Emirates NBD, a banking group in the Middle East has partnered with Dubai’s own Letswork, a leading co-working workspace provider in the region, to offer bank employees access to over 4,000 coworking desks, meeting rooms and offices across the UAE and beyond. In Canada, leading banks are telling disgruntled staff working from home since COVID, that they need to come back to the office. What if there could be a middle way to large financial hubs in city centers? Could bank employees be shuttled around to co-work offices around the country?

According to the terms of the partnership, select Emirates NBD employees will join a 12-month pilot program to experience on-demand workspaces through Letswork’s intuitive platform, with the potential for wider rollout across the bank. The collaboration follows Letswork’s participation in Emirates NBD’s National Digital Talent Incubator Program, where early conversations between the bank and startup laid the foundation for this engagement and future ones.

The UAE is investing in AI and new businesses, including banks, will need places to work.

Emirates NBD (DFM: Emirates NBD) is a leading banking group in the MENAT (Middle East, North Africa and Türkiye) region with a presence in 13 countries, serving over 9 million active customers. As of 30th September 2025, total assets were AED 1.139 trillion, (equivalent to approx. USD 310.1 billion). The Group has operations in the UAE, Egypt, India, Türkiye, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Singapore, the United Kingdom, Austria, Germany, Russia and Bahrain and representative offices in China and Indonesia with a total of 797 branches and 4,526 ATMs / SDMs. Emirates NBD is the leading financial services brand in the UAE with a Brand value of USD 4.54 billion.  

Emirates NBD Group serves its customers (individuals, businesses, governments, and institutions) and helps them realise their financial objectives through a range of banking products and services including retail banking, corporate and institutional banking, Islamic banking, investment banking, private banking, asset management, global markets and treasury, and brokerage operations. The Group is a key participant in the global digital banking industry with 97% of all financial transactions and requests conducted outside of its branches. The Group also operates Liv, the lifestyle digital bank by Emirates NBD, with close to half a million users, it continues to be the fastest-growing bank in the region.

Emirates NBD contributes to the construction of a sustainable future as an active participant and supporter of the UAE’s main development and sustainability initiatives, including financial wellness and the inclusion of people of determination. Emirates NBD is committed to supporting the UAE’s Year of Sustainability as Principal Banking Partner of COP28 and an early supporter to the Dubai Can sustainability initiative, a city-wide initiative aimed to reduce use of single-use plastic bottled water.

By leveraging Letswork’s secure and flexible platform, employees can book meeting rooms, coworking spaces and private offices instantly across over 100 hubs in Dubai, and more than 25 hubs in Abu Dhabi and the Northern Emirates, and additional international locations. according to a news release.

Aligning with the bank’s focus on excellence and customer service, the collaboration allows for greater flexibility and convenience when travelling for meetings in Abu Dhabi, with easy access to high-quality working and meeting spaces. It offers a more streamlined and efficient way to book external workshops and meeting spaces across the UAE through Letswork’s intuitive platform.

Letswork’s network of coworking hubs gives employees based in the outskirts of Dubai and the Northern Emirates to work closer to home thereby reducing commuting time and improving work-life balance.

Letswork was co-founded in 2019 by Omar Al Mheiri and Hamza Khan in Dubai, UAE. They identified a gap: freelancers and startups in Dubai needing flexible, affordable workplace options without the commitment of long-term leases. From one hotel partner in Dubai they expanded into a global network. It was modeled after WeWork, a global networking and office space provider. WeWork emerged from Chapter 11 bankruptcy in May 2024 after the U.S. Bankruptcy Court approved the company’s restructuring plan, which eliminated approximately US$4 billion in debt.

Before co-working spaces were a business model, communities organized their own community-focused and shared office spaces. As interest grew, so did the concept as a scalable business opportunity.

Coworking spaces are a sustainable choice as a multitude of businesses can share many resources such as machines and physical office space and meeting rooms, desk staff, marketing, kitchens and security.

Emirates NBD (DFM: Emirates NBD) is a leading banking group in the Middle East region with a presence in 13 countries, serving over 9 million active customers. As of 30th September 2025, total assets were AED 1.139 trillion, (equivalent to approx. USD 310.1 billion). The Group has operations in the UAE, Egypt, India, Turkey,  Saudi Arabia, Singapore, the United Kingdom, Austria, Germany, Russia and Bahrain and representative offices in China and Indonesia with a total of 797 branches and 4,526 ATMs / SDMs. Emirates NBD is the leading financial services brand in the UAE with a Brand value of USD 4.54 billion.

Emirates NBD contributes to the construction of a sustainable future as an active participant and supporter of the UAE’s main development and sustainability initiatives, including financial wellness and the inclusion of people of determination. Emirates NBD is committed to supporting the UAE’s Year of Sustainability as Principal Banking Partner of COP28 and an early supporter to the Dubai Can sustainability initiative, a city-wide initiative aimed to reduce use of single-use plastic bottled water.

 

A Torus flywheel in the desert and a $200 Million Utah deal to reshape the grid

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Torus flywheel energy storage

The global energy transition isn’t only about solar panels, electrolyzers, or the glamorous green-hydrogen whispers in Dubai conference halls. The revolutions come from the places the public hasn’t heard about, like an industrial campus outside Salt Lake City, where a company called Torus just secured $200 million to build a different kind of battery future.

Years ago when I interviewed the late David Anthony from 21Ventures, he told me his secrets to deal finding: hang out in laboratories and find the innovation before it gets to the tech transfer office. (Tech transfer offices have already done the due diligence and you’ll find deals there too, but they are no longer secret).

This story here isn’t lithium mining in the Andes or sodium-ion chemistry in Shanghai. This is physics, spooling at thousands of revolutions per minute and it started at a company called Torus.

Torus combines flywheels — ancient devices (think pottery kick wheel) that store energy mechanically by spinning at high speed — with traditional batteries. The result is a hybrid system that can absorb and release power instantly, smoothing the chaos of electrons on a stressed electrical grid. A flywheel is like a spinning prayer wheel for the grid, storing kinetic intention, and releasing it stably when everything around it shakes.

In engineering-speak: “A flywheel comprises a rotating mass that stores kinetic energy. When charging, a torque applied in the direction of rotation accelerates the rotor, increasing its speed and stored energy,” explains Sandia National Laboratory. “When discharging, a braking torque decelerates the rotor, extracting energy while performing useful work.”

Flywheels are already powering parts of modern life. In big cities like London and Philadelphia, transit systems use flywheels to capture braking energy from trains and feed it back into the grid. In data centers at Microsoft and major telecom hubs, flywheel UPS units provide instant backup power before generators kick in.

Utilities from New York to Ontario use flywheel farms to stabilize the grid when wind and solar fluctuate. In space, satellites use flywheel “reaction wheels” to orient themselves without fuel. Even race cars like Porsche hybrids have used flywheels for rapid energy recovery and boost. This is proven tech, now scaling to the grid.

Why the world needs a stable grid?

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Torus energy storage that uses a flywheel

AI and token-mining data centers are consuming city-scale power. The US grid is aging making it difficult to absorb new energy sources even when they become relevant. Extreme heat and cold events are becoming the new normal. And these factors influence whether or not the heating will go in Texas or Canada in the winter.

Torus’ new financing, led by Chicago-based Magnetar Capital, will scale a Utah manufacturing facility called GigaOne and push capacity beyond 1 gigawatt of storage within three years. Letters of intent are already on the table from PacifiCorp and Portland General Electric, both utilities managing real-world wildfire risk, winter storms, and transformer-meltdown summers.

Michael Cooper, our trusted in-house investment researcher from 36North says that Warren Buffet is the model for all investment students of the world to follow. So this latest round and interest in Torus by PacifiCorp caught his attention.

“As an investor, I am most excited by the potentially lower risk environment whereby industry is combining disciplines and technologies from physics to chemistry to build products and solutions. This stage is more rewarding than exploring theoretical physics or pure chemistry,” he says.

Though still private, Torus has already attracted major utility interest, including letters of intent from PacifiCorp and Portland General Electric—early signals that its technology is transitioning from promising pilot to grid-relevant infrastructure. Berkshire Hathaway (Warren Buffett’s conglomerate) via its subsidiary Berkshire Hathaway Energy (formerly MidAmerican Energy Holdings) owns PacifiCorp.

In a blog post on September 9, Torus CEO and co-founder Nate Walkingshaw described the company’s “modular power plant” technology in somewhat flowing terms, though the basic point is the key point. Flywheels are more responsive than conventional batteries, and batteries support the duration factor.

The magical combination of  flywheels, batteries, chipsets and cyber security appliances allows us to respond in milliseconds, and stay online with 99.9% uptime,” Walkingshaw said. “This year we have been deployed by our utility partners  nearly every day to assist them with frequency and voltage support plus assisting our customers with peak shaving, emergency back-up and power quality concerns,” he added.

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Torus

Lithium batteries are miracles we use every day and they are in our phones, laptops, Teslas. But lithium alone isn’t enough to stabilize a renewable grid. Batteries degrade. But flywheels don’t degrade the same way. They don’t catch fire. They don’t care if it’s −20°C or +50°C. They can discharge and recharge millions of times.

This isn’t a moonshot investment but one that Warren Buffett could get behind. Torus already runs a 400-MW manufacturing facility and it has purchase orders in the pipeline and has signed a memorandum of understanding (MOU) with Rocky Mountain Power (a division of PacifiCorp) to deploy up to 70 MW of its hybrid flywheel + battery storage solutions in Utah, Wyoming and Idaho.

“This partnership highlights our commitment to exploring new technologies and optimizing infrastructure as we work to meet the energy demands and challenges over the next decade,” said Dick Garlish, President of Rocky Mountain Power.

How flywheels work to store free energy

The opportunity is enabled through Rocky Mountain Power’s industry leading virtual power plan, specifically the Wattsmart Battery program. The partnership will deploy Torus’s cutting-edge Nova Spin and Nova Pulse technologies across multiple sites. These innovations allow for real-time response and deliver twice the lifespan of traditional batteries.

“Working with Rocky Mountain Power at this scale demonstrates the growing recognition of demand response as a crucial tool for modern utilities,” said Walkingshaw. “As Utah attracts more data centers, manufacturing facilities, and technology companies, reliable and affordable energy becomes even more critical. Our technology improves grid resilience and efficiency while supporting Utah’s vision for energy abundance that will power the next generation of economic growth.”

The story here isn’t that flywheels will replace lithium batteries but that the energy future will be stacked, layered, and hybrid.

Gilbert Lee, Torus
Gilbert Lee, Torus

Torus Inc., based in South Salt Lake City, Utah, was co-founded in 2021 by systems-engineer-turned-entrepreneur Nate Walkingshaw and energy technologist Gilbert Lee, with a vision to build a grid-storage platform that blends the physics reliability of flywheels with the flexibility of batteries.

The company has grown to roughly 70 employees as it scales its “GigaOne” manufacturing campus and deploys hybrid storage systems for utilities and data centers. Torus recently secured $200 million in growth capital from Magnetar Capital to boost production capacity beyond 1 GW within three years, following earlier funding that valued the company at approximately $535 million.

 

Nature as Capital at COP30 and how blended finance and debt-for-nature swaps work

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Jubail mangrove walk, Abu Dhabi
Jubail mangrove wal in Abu Dhabi

Belém’s COP30 puts forests, freshwater and oceans at center stage. How are emerging markets treating nature as infrastructure— and plugging it into finance and trade. We know that the world has reached the coral tipping point, and as you are busy saving the trees and oceans, know how activists, locals, banks and business can work together. Learn the lingo of finance mechanisms to help save the planet. 

Everyone will cover the headlines from the United Nation’s climate conference, this year called COP30 and which is in Belém, Brazil. Fewer will explain the mechanics of how nature becomes cashflow, trade leverage and resilience infrastructure—especially for the Global South. That’s the gap we’re filling. Green Prophet offers a practical question: what instruments exist right now to turn living systems into value chains that stand up to droughts, floods and supply-chain shocks? And how can MENA, Africa and Latin America lead instead of only react.

Know your terminology if you want to follow the conversations in the room

Blended Finance

econcrete new york
Econcrete restores coastal habitats with low-cost concrete that mimics a natural shoreline.

Blended finance is the engine room. Public and philanthropic “first-loss” capital de-risks deals; commercial investors come in behind. The aim is to move beyond pilot projects into pipelines that pay for restoration at scale. The World Bank’s recent review shows a surprising depth of activity in nature-based infrastructure, with millions of people already benefiting from coastal and watershed projects that reduce disaster risk while growing local economies.

Let’s take an example we can get behind: Imagine there is huge project to fix a coastline that’s getting destroyed by storms over and over again. We know that planting mangrove trees and building natural barriers to protect homes and schools works. But who pays for this, especially in developing nations like Thailand, where government money might be tight, especially on small islands.

Saudi Arabian mangrove forests
Thailand’s, and Saudi Arabian mangrove forests can help mitigate climate change by keeping rising tides and storms at bay

The problem is that it costs a lot to plant and maintain mangrove trees and natural barriers, and even less natural ones like the ones built by Eco-Concrete in costal areas of New York. There is a lot of good reasons why protecting coastlines are good: tourism, business and stability to invest in a region pay off in the long term. 

So how does blended finance work? Big investors might not build a university or a business center in an at-risk area like Indonesia because its islands are at-risk from flooding. They watch as government and charities go first to build pilot projects. These groups take the first losses and are buffered to do so. When investors see a project or pilot is working, the investors and banks can join in.

The end result is that if it’s a project on island resilience, and it’s done well with the local community, the fishermen get more fish, the houses and infrastructure don’t flood, and tourism and businesses in the area improve. Now instead of the government or local municipality working to clean up new disasters as they happen, the community and investors protect a community and its economy.

Where this is doing well:
Indonesia: planting mangroves to protect coasts and create jobs, in Kenya where they are restoring forests to secure water for cities and farms and in Colombia, where they are rebuilding riversides to stop floods and boost tourism. The World Bank found millions of people already benefiting from nature-based projects like these. They’re not just experiments — but are becoming real business pipelines.

Debt for Nature Swaps

Debt-for-nature swaps are also keywords you will hear coming out of COP30 and debt-for-nature is having a moment. By refinancing sovereign debt of a nation and locking savings into conservation endowments, countries can protect mangroves, reefs and forests while improving fiscal stability.

The Bahamas’ swap—backed by private guarantees and insurers—unlocked roughly $124 million for ocean protection and mangrove recovery. Expect more hybrids like “blue bonds,” watershed bonds, and biodiversity-linked notes as COP30 pushes nature up the finance agenda.

Canada is beginning to explore similar nature-finance mechanisms. They are offering grants for businesses that support climate change initiatives. While small island nations pioneered debt-for-nature swaps, the logic applies anywhere natural assets protect economies. Take the St. Lawrence River and the Great Lakes Basin. This is a freshwater system worth trillions in trade, shipping, drinking water, hydropower, and fisheries — yet it faces rising storm surges, coastal erosion, surges in algae blooms, and biodiversity loss.

Imagine a Canadian “watershed bond” modelled on the Bahamas’ blue bond play: federal and provincial governments refinance aging municipal debt in water-adjacent cities like Toronto beaches, Kingston, Thunder Bay, and Windsor. Interest savings are then routed into a protected watershed fund to restore wetlands, rebuild fish nurseries, and reinforce natural floodplains that protect ports and neighborhoods.

Who backs it? Pension funds like CPP Investments, insurers hedging climate risk, and Indigenous-led stewardship trusts that secure long-term governance. Satellite and LiDAR data verify improved water quality, carbon storage, and flood protection — giving investors confidence that nature isn’t just a moral win, but a balance-sheet asset.

Nature Markets

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Circle farming in Holland uses AI and nature together.

Nature markets are growing up fast — and not just carbon trading. Investors and governments are starting to put real contracts behind things like restoring habitats, protecting species, and improving fisheries. In the past, these ideas lived in Canva or PowerPoint presentations and pilot projects that didn’t go far beyond the anecdote stage. Today, they’re showing up in legal agreements, budgets, and deal pipelines.

What changed? Measurement tech and startups working in the impact space. We can now track how many fish return to a reef, how much flood damage is avoided when wetlands are restored, or how many species come back when forests regrow. When you can measure nature’s value, you can finance it. Also, investors found that impact companies can return significantly higher returns on investment.

The early winners will be projects that do more than one thing: reduce carbon, protect coasts, boost fishing incomes, create jobs, and improve water security. In short, projects and companies that score high in ESG. Instead of selling just one benefit, they’ll earn money from many revenue streams. The future natural economy isn’t supposed to be about charity — it’s revenue, resilience, and concepts like regenerative agriculture working together.

What to watch at COP30

Brazil rainforest and waterfalls
A Brazil rainforest

Belém in Brazil may be remembered as the summit where nature moved from a side-event to system change. If you are there at the event, Look for bigger blended-finance vehicles for forests and watersheds, standardized biodiversity/ecosystem credit frameworks, clearer guidance on how trade tools like CBAM and deforestation-free rules interact with development and equity goals, and concrete deals in the Amazon and beyond that link restoration to export growth.

Media attention will swirl around politics, but the durable story is finance and how data can turn ecosystems, including jungles and seashore towns, into resilient value-chains.

Explore related coverage on Green Prophet

EU Funds for Academic Bias? Why the “Aula Mediterrània” Lecture Series Undermines Democracy and Dialogue

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Aula Mediterrània, Aula Mediterrània lecture series, Euro-Mediterranean programme, IEMed Barcelona event, Mediterranean studies conference, inter-university Mediterranean dialogues, Mediterranean geopolitics seminar, Mediterranean sustainability research, IBEI Barcelona Aula Mediterrània
A conference “for peace” in the Mediterranean, funded by the EU and which demonizes Israel in its core

The European Institute of the Mediterranean (IEMed) in Barcelona, a so-called peace making think tank for the Mediterranean Region, is hosting the twelfth edition of its Aula Mediterrània lecture series—27 talks spanning politics, migration, and culture under the banner of “Thinking about the Mediterranean of the 21st Century.”

At first glance, it looks like a celebration of regional dialogue and academic exchange. But beneath the polished program lies a troubling current of politicized bias that calls into question the values the European Union claims to uphold: fairness, democracy, and balanced dialogue.

This year’s series devotes significant attention to the Israeli–Palestinian conflict—yet the framing of that attention is anything but balanced. One talk is titled “Palestine’s Maritime Rights vs Israel’s Bully Take Over: An Exit Path.” Another accuses the European Union of “Complicity, Silence and Double Standards.” Later in the schedule comes “The Fifteen Wars of Israel against Gaza,” a phrase that reads more like an activist slogan than a scholarly topic.

Not a single lecture explores Israel’s security concerns, democratic institutions, or peace efforts. Or how the Arab world works to combat terror. There are no Israeli speakers, no balance, and no nuance—just repetition of a single narrative that paints one country, and one people, as the villain of the Mediterranean story.

The Union for the Mediterranean, funded by the EU and the UN engages in the same flavor of dialogue when it comes to environmental issues and climate change. See the women on stage in keffiahs meant to virtue signal and intimidate Israelis and Jews. I have written to their directors, and spokesperson multiple times about exclusionary policies against Israelis and Israel data in the Mediterranean. No reply.

Union for the Mediterranean hosts climate events but turns them into a political spectacle.

That is not dialogue. It’s dogma.

When European taxpayers fund programs through institutions like IEMed, they do so under the promise of promoting mutual understanding and academic rigor.

Instead, Aula Mediterrània has become a platform for the normalization of anti-Israel bias wrapped in academic legitimacy –- and offers credit when you attend these lectures online. By platforming speakers who describe Israel’s policies in loaded, accusatory terms—without offering countervailing voices—the event risks turning the European lecture hall into an echo chamber for politicized grievance.

The EU’s own policies call for cultural initiatives that strengthen democratic debate, not replace it with monolithic thinking. How does a lecture that calls Israel a “bully” advance understanding between “both shores of the Mediterranean,” as the program claims? How can we speak of inclusion when the only Jewish and Israeli perspectives are erased from the conversation?

There is a dangerous irony in a publicly funded institution promoting exclusion under the guise of inclusion. Europe’s academic landscape is increasingly shaped by the politics of one-sided empathy—solidarity for some victims, silence for others. This is not just unfair; it is anti-democratic. True scholarship depends on the freedom to debate, to test ideas against evidence, to listen even when it is uncomfortable. By indulging in moral absolutism, Aula Mediterrània abandons the very foundations of intellectual democracy.

If the EU wishes to preserve credibility as a defender of democracy and dialogue, and the Arab world aspires to become a democracy in any shape and form, it must ensure that the institutions they fund and support reflect those principles. Supporting events that vilify one democratic state while romanticizing its enemies sends a message of hypocrisy, not harmony.

The Mediterranean deserves better—an academic space where truth, complexity, and compassion coexist. Until Aula Mediterrània embraces genuine pluralism, European taxpayers should ask a simple question: why are they paying for propaganda?

Feta and Brie Cooked in Grapevine Leaves

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feta grilled in vine leaves

For an easy, luscious appetizer, wrap a semi-firm white cheese like Brie or feta in grapevine leaves and bake or grill it. It’s a delicious way to make the most of a few grapevine leaves left in the jar after you made mushrooms cooked in grapevine leaves or grilled fish..

The cheese becomes subtly flavored with an earthy, tangy note from the leaves and olive oil. Then there’s the wow factor when you unwrap the cheese and reveal the soft, spicy feta, or release the gooey, luscious Brie from the toasty grape leaves.

As always when cooking brined grapevine leaves, first rinse, then drain them, and pat dry. Snip off any stiff stem pieces.

First, the fluffy grilled feta…

Feta Grilled In Grapevine Leaves

Seasoned feta cheese grilled in vine leaves
Prep Time 10 minutes
Cook Time 6 minutes
Course Appetizer
Cuisine Mediterranean
Servings 4

Equipment

  • 1 length kitchen twine
  • 1 scissors

Ingredients
  

  • 8 large brined grape leaves rinsed of salt and drained
  • A block of feta of approximately 7-oz 200 grams
  • Olive oil
  • Sprinklings of: dried oregano or za’atar leaves; sumac; ground pepper
  • 2 tsp grated lemon peel

Instructions
 

  • Put down a layer of grape leaves large enough to wrap the block of feta, depending on their size. Place the cheese on the center of the layer.
  • Dribble olive oil over the cheese.
  • Season with sprinklings of the dried herbs and pepper and grated lemon peel.
  • Wrap the cheese in the leaves as you would wrap a package. If needed to contain the cheese, place a leave over the top and fold in the sides.
  • Tie kitchen twine around the package. Brush with olive oil.
  • Grill the cheese package 3 minutes on each side.
  • Snip open the twine. Leave the cheese on the leaves to stay warm.
  • Serve immediately.
Keyword cheese, Easy, edible leaves

And here’s your melty, rich baked Brie…

Brie cheese cooked in grape leaves

Brie Baked In Grapevine Leaves

Rich and gooey baked Brie
Prep Time 5 minutes
Cook Time 8 minutes
Servings 4

Ingredients
  

  • 4-6 large brined grape leaves
  • 1 Brie cheese of about 7 oz. - 200 grams at room temperature.
  • 1 tblsp. olive oil
  • Garnishes of choice

Instructions
 

  • Pre-heat the oven to 375°F - 190°C .
  • Rinse and dry the grapevine leaves. Cut away any stems.
  • Arrange the leaves to overlap in a circle.
  • Rub the olive oil into the Brie on all sides.
  • Place the cheese on top of grape leaves. Wrap it completely in the leaves.
  • Place the wrapped cheese on a baking sheet and bake 8-10 minutes.
  • The Brei will have melted: be prepared with a spatula to lift it off the baking sheet and onto your serving dish.

Notes

Spread the cheese on good crackers or crostini for a lovely start to a meal for four, or an intimate dinner for two.
To accompany the salty feta, put a selection of raw sliced vegetables on the table. Slice bell peppers, carrots, celery, even raw button mushrooms if they’re very fresh and perfectly white. If you want a mildly sweet flavor contrast, firm apples and pears also complement grilled feta.
Mild baked Brie pairs well with seasonal fresh fruit like grapes, figs, apricots, apples, or pears. No fresh fruit on hand? All sorts of dried fruit work too; in fact some favor a dried fruit garnish for the concentrated sweetness.
Don’t stop at feta or Brie. Goat cheese and mozzarella are also very good baked in vine leaves. Season with herbs as in the feta recipe above, or not, as you choose, but always dribble olive oil generously over the cheese before you wrap it in the leaves, and brush a little more over the wrapped package.

Photo of feta cheese on vine leaves via BBC Food.

Photo of Brie wrapped in vine leaves by Alexandra Tran via Unsplash.

Black cats banned from this Spanish town – until after Halloween

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Black cats banned for adoption so they won't be used in witchcraft or as Halloween props
Black cats banned for adoption so they won’t be used in witchcraft or as Halloween props

In early October, the Spanish town of Terrassa, north of Barcelona, made headlines for taking an unusual step to protect its feline population. From October 1 to November 10, all adoptions and fostering of cats — particularly black ones — have been suspended. The local animal welfare service said the measure was taken “to prevent possible risk … derived from superstitions, rituals, or irresponsible uses” during the Halloween period.

The announcement, made on October 6, echoes a growing concern among animal-welfare groups in Europe and North America: that black cats face abuse, abandonment, or death around Halloween. The folklore that links them to witches and bad luck still casts a long, dangerous shadow.

According to Noel Duque, Terrassa’s councillor for animal welfare, adoption requests for black cats tend to spike each October. Some people, he told the local Diari de Terrassa, want them “for ritual purposes” or “as decoration because it’s cool.”

On his own Facebook page, Duque sits next to a ginger cat — a small sign of solidarity with the animals he’s sworn to protect.

In previous years, Spanish shelters reported disturbing incidents: cats adopted as “Halloween mascots” and later abandoned, and others used in occult ceremonies. While many of these claims are difficult to verify, the risk is real enough for Terrassa to take precautionary action. “We cannot look the other way when faced with a grim topic,” Duque said.

The stereotype of the black cat as an omen of death dates back to medieval Europe, when cats were believed to be witches’ familiars. Despite centuries of scientific progress, superstition still dictates their fate each October. Social-media trends have made matters worse: black cats are sometimes adopted as props for Halloween photo shoots, only to be discarded afterward.

Terrassa’s policy is not absolute. “Exceptions will be duly justified and assessed by the technical team of the centre, where there is a full safety guarantee and a reliable history of the applicant,” the municipal welfare office said. Regular adoption procedures will resume after November 10, though the city hasn’t ruled out making the seasonal ban permanent.

Terrassa is home to more than 9,800 cats, according to municipal data — a population that lives quietly among its 220,000 residents. The temporary ban forces the town, and perhaps the rest of us, to confront a deeper contradiction. How can a culture that loves animals and fills social media with cat memes still tolerate cruelty in the name of tradition or aesthetics?

Halloween began as Samhain, the Celtic festival marking the boundary between life and death — a time to honor ancestors, not harm the living. Terrassa’s decision reminds us that compassion, not superstition, should guide how we celebrate.

So when the candles flicker this Halloween and black cats cross your path, consider it not a curse but a challenge — to outgrow our ghosts and protect those still paying for them.

Waste Reform from the Ground Up: How Trash Balers Are Helping Cities Rethink Sustainability

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A trash baler operating in the United States
A trash baler operating in the United States

We talk a lot about renewable energy, electric cars, and ocean cleanup projects when we talk about sustainability. But the fight for a greener planet often starts closer to home — behind the supermarket, in the back of a hotel, or inside a city recycling depot. Waste management doesn’t usually grab headlines, yet it’s one of the most immediate ways to cut emissions, save resources, and make sustainability practical instead of theoretical. Enter the unsung hero of modern recycling: the humble trash baler.

For decades, managing waste has meant hauling it away and hoping someone else deals with it. Trucks burn fuel, bins overflow, and recyclables get contaminated long before they reach a processing plant. But that model doesn’t really work anymore. As landfills fill up and the global waste stream keeps growing, cities and businesses are realizing they need to handle more of the problem right where it starts. The trash baler is part of that shift — a simple, industrial tool helping to reshape how we think about sustainability.

Rethinking Waste From the Ground Up

The old take–make–dispose model has been under pressure for years. Urban centers from Dubai to Los Angeles are wrestling with the logistics of waste that just won’t stop coming. Every delivery, every product, every plastic wrapper adds to a growing mountain of materials that, ironically, could have been reused if only they were managed better.

That’s where trash baler come in. By compacting waste — especially recyclable materials like cardboard, plastic, and paper — balers make it possible to keep materials clean and organized at the source. Instead of sending dozens of half-empty bins to a landfill, businesses can store compressed bales for recycling, reducing both transport costs and carbon emissions. It’s a simple fix, but it’s quietly powerful.

Small Machines, Big Change

A trash baler doesn’t look revolutionary. It’s a vertical machine that presses waste into neat, stackable cubes. But the ripple effects are huge. Less volume means fewer trucks, less fuel burned, and less air pollution. For small businesses or apartment complexes, that’s a direct line between everyday operations and measurable sustainability progress.

Companies like Bramidan USA have refined this technology to make it even more efficient and easy to use. Their vertical balers are designed for shops, restaurants, and warehouses that want to handle recycling in-house. The result is cleaner waste streams, less mess, and a lot less waste ending up where it shouldn’t.

It’s worth noting that many businesses adopt these machines not because they have to, but because they want to. They’re tired of paying for overflowing dumpsters and unreliable waste pickups. When people see that sustainability can save them time and money, it stops being a buzzword and starts being common sense.

Why Local Waste Management Matters

If you’ve ever watched a recycling truck weaving through city streets, you’ve seen the problem firsthand. Most of what we call “recycling” still depends on long-distance transportation and centralized sorting facilities. Those systems are energy-intensive and prone to contamination — the dreaded mix of wet food, plastic wrap, and paper that renders recyclables useless.

When businesses use balers, they can separate and compress materials on-site. That means cleaner recyclables and fewer rejected loads. The material that leaves the premises is ready for reprocessing, not another round of sorting. Multiply that across thousands of small operations, and suddenly local waste management becomes a genuine climate solution.

It’s not glamorous work, but it’s exactly what sustainability needs more of: everyday, scalable efficiency. You don’t have to overhaul an entire supply chain or build a new power grid to make a difference. Sometimes you just need to manage your trash better.

From Waste to Resource

In the circular economy, waste doesn’t really exist — it’s just material waiting for its next use. Compacted bales of cardboard and plastic have value. They’re easier to sell, ship, and recycle. Instead of paying to throw waste away, businesses can often make money by selling these materials back into the recycling market.

That small economic incentive turns sustainability from a burden into a business case. When you can quantify the savings — fewer pickups, lower disposal fees, extra revenue — it changes how organizations think about environmental responsibility. Sustainability stops being a side project and becomes part of daily operations.

The Human Side of Waste

There’s something almost poetic about it. The more we automate and globalize, the more sustainability comes back to something simple: caring about what we leave behind. Waste management might not feel as exciting as solar panels or carbon capture, but it’s deeply human. It’s about cleaning up after ourselves and doing it a little better every year.

That’s why machines like the trash baler are quietly revolutionary. They give power back to people and businesses to handle their own waste responsibly. They make recycling visible and tangible. And they remind us that progress isn’t always about new inventions — sometimes it’s about using old ideas more intelligently.

Making Sustainability Practical

Sustainability can sometimes sound like a lofty ideal, something reserved for big corporations or government programs. But in reality, it’s built on small, repeatable actions. Every time a store compacts its cardboard instead of throwing it away, every time a logistics center reduces its trash pickups, the planet benefits.

That’s what makes the story of the trash baler worth telling. It’s proof that practical, everyday choices can scale into real environmental progress. Machines like these are redefining what sustainability looks like — not as an abstract goal, but as something you can switch on, load up, and actually see working.

Green finance in Saudi Arabia, can “Davos in the Desert” change the planet?

Davos in the desert, FII
Hob-knobbing at Davos in the Desert.

As world leaders and billionaires descend on Riyadh for this year’s Future Investment Initiative — better known as “Davos in the Desert” — we wonder where the planet fairs in all this political business talk. Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030 plan has turned the kingdom into an unlikely global stage for innovation and investment, drawing over 20 heads of state, 50 ministers, and hundreds of financiers, tech executives, and policy shapers.

Some of the “diplomats” include Syria’s newest leader, Ahmed al-Sharaa, also known by his nom de guerre Abu Mohammad al-Julani, a Syrian politician, revolutionary, and former leader of Al Qaeda, that once had a bounty of $10 million USD on his head. We can see where this is going.

I am always hopeful, if not naive. Can this gathering of powerbrokers truly help save the planet, or is it another round of green-tinted self-congratulation? The event’s stated goal is to explore “new pathways for global prosperity.” In practice, that has meant spotlighting artificial intelligence, clean energy, healthtech, and new financial models.

The 2025 program dedicates half its panels to technology — a smart move given AI’s potential to optimize energy grids, improve climate modeling, and make sustainable materials scalable. Yet the conference’s foundation remains an oil-wealth economy seeking reinvention.

That contradiction — a fossil-fuel kingdom hosting a climate-focused summit — is what makes Davos in the Desert both fascinating and ridiculous.

Those attending read like a cross-section of global capital: sovereign wealth fund managers, CEOs of major banks, and tech visionaries courting Middle Eastern investment. Delegations from Africa, Asia, and Europe are also there, positioning their nations for partnership in a rapidly diversifying Gulf. Deals worth billions will likely be announced — infrastructure, AI, renewables, even biotech.

Yet the “green” voice remains muted. Few grassroots environmentalists or Indigenous leaders will sit beside the financiers. And while Saudi Arabia is investing heavily in solar, hydrogen, and reforestation, the absence of climate justice advocates, biodiversity scientists, and youth voices limits what the event can achieve beyond rhetoric.

Who Should Be Invited Next Year?

If Davos in the Desert wants to pivot from an elite networking forum to a genuine force for ecological regeneration, the guest list must evolve. Imagine Indigenous guardians of the Amazon, coral reef scientists, African solar entrepreneurs, and women leading rewilding projects in the Sahel sharing the stage with Wall Street executives. These are the people who embody solutions already working on the ground — the missing link between boardroom strategy and planetary repair. Or real, proven climate tech leaders who don’t mince words? Where do the voices of reason get lost when big money is on the table?

Saudi Arabia’s desert may seem an unlikely place to host a green renaissance, but it could become one as we showed with the investment in the company iyris, a greenhouse tech developed by foreigners from the UK and Turkey. Water scarcity, heat, and rapid urbanization make the region a living laboratory for resilience. If the FII community directs even a fraction of its capital toward desert greening, regenerative agriculture, and circular infrastructure, it could turn the Gulf into a model for climate adaptation. Oil is not going to last forever. Wells may keep getting “released” but the moment we fix fusion and have limitless energy, the Gulf Countries will become obsolete. Their fancy cities will look like a mirage.

To save the planet, investment summits like this must go beyond pledges. They must measure success in restored ecosystems, revived species, and resilient communities — not just in GDP growth. Until then, Davos in the Desert remains but a mirage: shimmering with possibility, but still waiting for its true oasis moment.

Read more on Green Prophet about Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030, AI in climate innovation, and how deserts could lead the next green revolution.

The little known nuclear testing sites used by France in Algeria’s Sahara Desert

We know about Chernobyl and Las Alamos: the lasting effects of radiation on the Saharan Tuareg in the desert

Between 1960 and 1966, seventeen nuclear detonations took place deep in Algeria’s Sahara Desert — first at Reggane and later in the Hoggar Mountains near In Ekker. Conducted under French supervision during the Cold War, these experiments were designed to develop a nuclear weapons capability. Their physical and political fallout is still with us.

The nuclear testing was not done in a vacuum and like at Las Alamos in New Mexico it affected the people nearby. In Algeria that was the Tuareg people. Others affected with the Berber-speaking nomadic group of the Sahara, whose territory spans large parts of southern Algeria; The Kel Ahaggar community which is a specific Tuareg confederation located in the Hoggar Mountains region off Algeria, and other local residents.

While less clearly documented in accessible sources, sites of the nuclear testing such as In Ekker and the surrounding desert zone indicate that French military, local manual workers, nomadic pastoralists, and their settlement communities were exposed.

Hoggar Mountains in English, Algeria.
The Hoggar Mountains (Arabic: جبال هقار‎, Berber: idurar n Ahaggar) are a highland region in the central Sahara, southern Algeria, along the Tropic of Cancer.

A peer-reviewed study in Applied Radiation and Isotopes found measurable levels of plutonium and other radionuclides remaining at former test sites decades after the final detonation. A broader review of global weapons tests published in Environmental Sciences Europe confirms that radioactive contamination from Sahara tests persists in soils and fractured rock and can be re-mobilized by desert winds. If England gets locusts blown to its shores from Egypt, imagine how far radioactive dust can travel.

Algeria declared independence from France in 1962, but the Évian Accords that ended open conflict also granted France continued access to certain military and research sites in the Sahara for up to five years after independence. These terms were negotiated between the French state and Algeria’s provisional government (the FLN leadership at the time). This means the testing program after 1962 did not happen in a legal vacuum: it was authorized in writing by the Algerian Government, and it served strategic interests on both sides at the time. There was a power imbalance, giving the Algerians not much choice.

For France, the Sahara was a proving ground for weapons credibility as the Americans did in the deserts around the Los Alamos nuclear testing facility, established in 1943 as Project Y, a top-secret site for designing nuclear weapons under the Manhattan Project during World War II.  For Algeria’s new leadership, the agreement helped secure full political recognition, state continuity, and material support at a fragile moment of transition to their autonomy. The cost of that compromise was largely borne by remote southern communities, as is the case in many of today’s superpowers.

Gerboise Bleue site
The nuclear bombs tested
The nuclear bombs tested

 

Some of the underground nuclear shots tested at In Ekker were supposed to be fully contained. In reality, not all of them were. One detonation, known as the Béryl Incident (1 May 1962), vented radioactive dust and hot debris into the open air when the test tunnel’s seal failed. French military personnel, engineers, and nearby residents were all exposed –– some highly contaminated. Decades later, radiation dose reconstructions and site surveys continue to document contamination in the blast zones and surrounding scrap fields.

People living downwind describe long-term health problems, loss of grazing land, restrictions around traditional water sources, and the normalization of sickness with no official acknowledgment. The same which happend in Love Canada, USA, a site I visited in the 90s. This happens in Turkey today where the government fails to recognize cancer clusters in industrialized zones outside the city. One scientist we interviewed was threatened to be put in jail if he continued his scientific research on the issue.

French veterans of the Sahara tests have in some cases received recognition and partial compensation under later French law, while Algerian civilians have struggled to access comparable review or support. Algeria, like most countries in North Africa and the Middle East are about 30 to 40 years behind on environmental issues and research. It’s not so easy to point a finger and find a villain. Algeria, 65 years on does not have a great environmental record.

Algerian air quality is listed as Unhealthy via IQAir

Algeria faces a complex mix of environmental and pollution challenges that extend from its Mediterranean coast to its Saharan interior. The most pressing issue is air pollution in major cities such as Algiers, Oran, and Constantine, where outdated vehicles, industrial emissions, and open waste burning raise fine particulate (PM2.5) levels to more than three times the World Health Organization’s recommended limit.

Air pollution in Algiers
Air pollution in Algiers

Water contamination is another critical concern. Much of Algeria’s wastewater is released untreated into rivers and the sea, carrying agricultural runoff, heavy metals, and plastic debris. Coastal zones near industrial centers like Skikda and Annaba are among the most polluted in the southern Mediterranean, threatening fisheries and tourism. Groundwater in rural regions also suffers from nitrate and pesticide infiltration.

Inland, desertification and soil erosion are advancing due to overgrazing, deforestation, and a warming climate. The country loses thousands of hectares of forest annually to drought and wildfires, despite new reforestation and water-retention projects.

Finally, oil and gas extraction along with urban waste management gaps add to Algeria’s pollution load. While national plans now emphasize renewable energy, afforestation, and stricter environmental monitoring, progress remains uneven. The challenge is balancing economic growth with sustainable resource stewardship. With an estimated 2,400 billion cubic metres of proven conventional natural gas reserves, Algeria ranks 10th globally and first in Africa. It also has the third largest untapped unconventional gas resources in the world.

Algeria has 12.2 billion barrels of proven oil reserves, ranking it 15th in the world and third in Africa. Currently, all oil and gas reserves are located on land and it is a major contributor to oil pollution in the Mediterranean Sea. Algeria is exploring new possibilities for oil and gas extraction, including offshore and shale gas opportunities.

The legacy of Sahara nuclear testing is often framed as a simple one-direction story, but the reality is more entangled. France designed, managed, and detonated the devices. Oversight after 1966 has involved both governments and, at times, international agencies. What has not happened at scale is transparent, long-term medical screening for affected communities and a full clean-up of contaminated waste that was left in place.

But putting it in scale, Algeria has a lot of environmental accounting to do. Just blaming France or “colonial” powers is short-sighted and distracting, absolving locals from trying to better on its own locally-made problems due to extremely high levels of corruption. At Green Prophet we zoom out and try to show you the wider story to issues that affect every human on this planet.

Want to learn more about the environment in Algeria? Start here:

This stunning ancient citadel in the Sahara Desert has a mysterious past

How Islamic-era agriculture points way to sustainable farming methods

Algerian Judoka expected to defeat an Israeli player before match

Algeria’s Controversial Love Lock Bridge Rebrands Suicide

Aerodynamic ARPT Headquarters Diverts Algiers’ Hot Desert Winds Naturally

Oil fracking protestors in Algeria rise up against their regime, Total and Shell

Algeria to Invest $20 billion USD in renewable energy

Top wildlife destinations in North Africa (includes Algeria)

Climate Change Contributing to Mali-Algeria Conflict

Algeria Archives – all articles on Algeria

Lizard tail stew, dhub mansaf, is a favored folk dish in Saudi Arabia

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Saudi Lizard Stew

Once a prized source of protein among Bedouin tribes, the Arabian spiny-tailed lizard—known locally as ḍabb or dhab—is finding new attention as a window into folk traditions, desert ecology, and sustainability in Saudi Arabia. Like locusts eaten by Jews in Egypt and Yemen (get the recipe here), lizard tails are delighting Saudi Arabians as news of this dish circles social media. The roots of lizard tails are rooted in survival, like Americans who eat prairie oysters, Gazans eating whales that swim close to shore, or pickled pigs’ feet were for slaves in the Caribbean.

In the heart of the Arabian Peninsula, long before farms and refrigeration, desert communities relied on their surroundings to survive. Among the most unusual yet enduring examples of this resilience is the tradition of eating the spiny-tailed lizard (Uromastyx aegyptia), a reptile that thrives in the arid sands of Saudi Arabia, Oman, and the UAE. Known in Arabic as ḍabb or dhab, the creature has been hunted, roasted, and stewed for generations by Bedouins who considered it a gift from the desert.

lakiya sidreh weaving workshop with bedouins
Bedouin in Israel making rugs for their tents

In many tribes, dhab stew was seen not as an exotic but as essential—a reliable protein source that could be found during long migrations. Historical accounts from travelers and early British explorers describe entire desert feasts centered on lizard meat, cooked slowly over open fires and served with flatbread. The meat, they wrote, was “white, mild, and a little like chicken.”

The Arabian spiny-tailed lizard is herbivorous, feeding on desert grasses, making it clean and permissible (halal) to many desert dwellers. The Prophet Muhammad reportedly neither ate nor forbade the consumption of ḍabb, leading Islamic scholars to conclude that while it’s not a delicacy for all, it is permissible—especially in times of need. Bedouins respected the animal for its toughness and spiritual symbolism: surviving where few other creatures could. To eat it was to honor the desert’s wisdom.

Traditionally, the lizard was hunted using snares or chased into burrows, then roasted whole or cut into chunks for dhab stew—a mix of meat, desert herbs, salt, and occasionally camel milk. The dish embodied the values of resourcefulness, adaptation, and gratitude—hallmarks of Arabian desert culture that began in what is known as Saudi Arabia today.

From a sustainability perspective, the lizard stew tradition is more than a curiosity—it’s a reflection of a closed-loop ecosystem. Bedouins hunted only what was needed, never to excess. The spiny-tailed lizard helped maintain insect and grass balance in the fragile desert biome. Understanding how traditional diets aligned with natural cycles offers modern lessons for food security in the Gulf.

Today, as Saudi Arabia reexamines its cultural identity through Vision 2030, heritage foods like dhab are being discussed not just as relics but as pathways to sustainable living. Perhaps this dhab will be a featured dish at one of the Saudi’s so-called sustainable resorts.

How do you hunt the reptiles:  “There are several ways to hunt the dabb lizard, one is to let it sink in water by pouring water into the hole and forcing it to come out, another way is by chasing it and hunting it especially if it is far from the hole, the other way of hunting it is to use a firearm,’’ said Saudi lizard hunter Majed al-Matrudi to Al Arabiya News.

This blog woldbirder provides photos and a recipe from Jordan:

Recipe for Dhub Mansaf  (recipe from eastern Jordan)

2 whole dhubs

½ kilo rice

5 pieces Arabic bread (Khubz mashrouh)

¼ kilo laban or yoghurt

100 g ghee

50 g pine nuts

Salt, pepper, allspice, cardamom

Serves 2 to 3.

Method: Catch two adult, well-grown dhubs, skin them and remove organs (except liver). Cut the dhubs into small pieces, wash them and cook in a small amount of water together with spices until the meat is half done. Add the laban and simmer until tender. Add the browned ghee, reserving a small quantity to brown the pine nuts. Meanwhile in another saucepan cook the rice. Keeping some bread aside to dip, break open the rest over a large tray, leaving an edging around the rim.  Spread more of the laban sauce over this and pile with rice. Arrange the pieces of dhub on top of the rice. Sprinkle the entire plate of rice and dhub, with browned pine nuts.

Eat with right hand.

Dhab biryani
Dhab biryani, a classic fish from Saudi Arabia

Like the problematic hunting of birds and owls in Jordan and Saudi Arabia, modernization has made lizard hunting largely symbolic. They are a protected animal in the UAE but are still reportedly eaten in Jordan.

The ḍahb population is under pressure from habitat loss, 4×4 vehicle use, and over-hunting. Conservationists now warn that without regulation, this ancient species could disappear from Saudi sands. The Saudi Wildlife Authority has begun monitoring populations and promoting education to protect the reptile’s role in the desert ecosystem. Since there is no free press in Saudi Arabia, your guess on how that’s going is as good as mine.

Related Reads on Sustainable food:

The Birth of Bread in Jordan and Israel

The Sacred Ritual of Arabic Coffee

Saudi Vision 2030 and the Revival of Folk Culture

Sustainable Food From Desert Landscapes

UAE Green Finance and Cultural Sustainability

Eco-Tourism and Bedouin Heritage

By exploring forgotten folk dishes like lizard stew, Green Prophet continues to connect the dots between culture, ecology, and the future of sustainable living in the Middle East.

Who Narrates the Narrative at TEDx? Greenwashing in Iranian Architecture’s Spotlight

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tehran, iran, pollution, sanctions, nuclear program, black cloud, oil, petroleum, energy
The Tehran skyline

An Analytical Report on the TEDxOmid Architecture Event Titled “Narratives of Responsive Architecture” in Tehran, Iran

On the 10th of Mehr 1404 (corresponding to October 1, 2025), coinciding with the commemoration of World Architecture Day in Iran, the TEDxOmid Architecture event was held. Licensed under the official licence of the international TED organization, this program was designed to promote contemporary architectural perspectives, sustainable development, and the social responsibility of architects.

The event is notable from two aspects; first, its connection to the Venice Architecture Biennale 2025 lies in adopting a critical, forward‐looking, and transdisciplinary approach as a platform for dialogue and experimentation with environmental, technological, and social strategies, reflecting the Biennale’s mission to address global challenges through multidisciplinary collaboration and adaptive design philosophies.

And second, the method of selecting the speakers and their performance, who were ostensibly introduced as bearers of responsive and people-centric ideas. However, a closer examination of their lecture content and professional resumes reveals signs of a significant gap between the proclaimed slogans and their actual practice.

According to the official statement, the program was held to review and present innovative solutions by architects for major environmental and social challenges such as environmental degradation, inequality, injustice, class disparity, the human share of the city and green spaces, and to create a world that cherishes life and flourishing over mere existence. The declared goal was to demonstrate that architecture can respond to these challenges and play its part in reproducing social justice and ecological balance.

Like we learn at the Hormuz super-adobe island project and its greenwashing celebration by Aga Khan, global organizations are not doing due diligence on partners and projects they represent.

The composition of the speakers at the TED event indicates that they have played effective roles within Iran in reproducing urban injustices and exacerbating environmental problems such as water and air pollution, or at the very least, their professional resumes have largely shown little transparency, both in theory and practice, regarding responsible commitments. This contradiction between the announced slogans and the actual backgrounds of the speakers is the central axis of analysis in this Green Prophet exclusive report, which will be examined in detail.

The TED charter and criteria emphasize a deep commitment to environmental sensitivities and scientific standards. It is expected that speakers, in addition to having innovative ideas, possess scientific and practical backgrounds in their professional fields. This part of TED’s principles specifies that talks must be based on well-founded and verifiable findings, and that unscientific claims or unsustainable development activities have no place.

While the TED speaker selection process is conducted with high precision and scientific and professional reviews, unfortunately, in events like TEDxOmid Architecture in Iran, most of the participating speakers have had weak scientific and practical achievements in specialized fields such as responsive architecture and sustainable development. Their backgrounds are more focused on unsustainable development activities.

Theme: Narratives of Responsive Architecture

Speakers: Mohammad Majidi, Reza Daneshmir, Shadi Azizi

Curator: Mehrdad Zmohammadi

Designer: Aida Alibakhsh

Source: Instagram @tedxomid

Nashid Nabian

Bonsar architects by Mohammad Majidi organize TEDx in Iran. Greenwashing?

On the other hand, in international arenas, projects and programs like Countdown, in collaboration with scientists, policymakers, and environmental activists, carry out coherent and scientific activities to combat the climate crisis, and in‐depth, specialized discussions on major urban and social topics like gentrification are held, featuring speakers with outstanding resumes in sustainable development.

Reza Daneshmir’s TMA concrete mosque in Tehran. We all know concrete is not sustainable.

This contrast shows that strict adherence to scientific and ethical frameworks and criteria in selecting speakers is key to maintaining the credibility and impact of TED-related events. Therefore, critiquing the TEDxOmid Architecture event can be based on these very frameworks to demonstrate how the mismatch between the speakers and TED principles has negative consequences for the scientific and social integrity of the event.

Nesha architects in Iran. Exploiting green messaging?

This complicates the correct path towards achieving a bright future and sustainable development for Iran and simultaneously diminishes public trust in the accuracy and honesty with which issues are expressed; while Iran deeply needs a foundation for public trust-building so that people and society can move in sync with these essential approaches.

An overview of the speakers can be assessed based on two criteria: one through their articles and research efforts, and the other through architectural and urban projects, which can be obtained by referring to each speaker-architect’s personal website: Bonsar, TMA, Nesha.

In her talk, Shadi Azizi asks (translated from Parsi):

Can Vitruvius’s three fundamental principles of architecture — stability, beauty, and utility — be redefined, and can the responsiveness of architectural action in today’s era be interpreted beyond these three concepts, in a more complete, precise, and updated way? What are architects’ solutions to issues such as environmental destruction, inequality and injustice, class divides, and humanity’s share of the city and green spaces — for a world that values living and flourishing, not merely existing? How does socially conscious design, as the architect’s social responsibility for the common good, find expression within the discipline of architecture? The format of the presentation is a narrative — an endless narrative with an open ending that may not be entirely clear. It is situational, in a state of becoming, and includes an invitation for all architects to participate.

Considering the status of the projects, especially in Tehran, it becomes clear that many of the speakers are among the most prominent brand architects in the field of commercial towers, banks, and mall developers. In contrast, social and environmental projects are either non-existent or very faint, often executed on a commissioned and short-term basis according to the demands of government bodies and large financial institutions.

This focus primarily on tower and commercial projects, created without regard for the real needs of society and serving more as displays of power for banks and powerful institutions, indicates a major void in contemporary architectural approaches. Such a trend not only limits the research and scientific value of the speakers but also has widespread negative consequences for sustainable urban development, social justice, and public trust. If scientific and social approaches are not considered in the selection of speakers and projects, the risk of diluting the primary mission of education, impact, and social responsibility in architectural events increases.

In Iran, there is practically no integrated and transparent reporting on the sustainability and environmental indicators of projects, whereas in Europe, such reports and standard certifications are mandatory, even for small projects. For example, large residential or commercial projects in European countries cannot obtain construction permits without acquiring certifications like LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design). LEED is an international standard that assesses the sustainable performance of buildings in areas such as energy consumption, water resource use, indoor air quality, material selection, and waste management, granting official certification to projects complying with these principles.

On a larger urban scale, projects like King’s Cross Central in London are examples of sustainable urban regeneration and development, where all its phases have been assessed against LEED and BREEAM standards, and environmental indicators, energy consumption, and the quality of life for residents and space users are continuously monitored.

King's Cross in London
King’s Cross in London

For this reason, the companies founded by these architects lack any official confirmation of adherence to even the basic principles of sustainability and environmental standards, while in Europe, compliance with such standards is considered a prerequisite for professional activity and a sign of credible, sustainable architecture and urban development.

On the other hand, in the academic and scientific context, experts and researchers agree that high-rise construction without targeted placement in Tehran has altered the urban wind flow and, by blocking natural wind corridors, negatively impacts air ventilation. This leads to the accumulation and increased concentration of pollutants and exacerbates air pollution.

Specifically, permits for high‐rise construction in sensitive areas like District 1 of Tehran, which is the main route for north-to‐south winds, have blocked this natural wind channel and caused extensive environmental damage. The sale of density permits and the construction of tall towers have reduced wind flow at the city level, and during temperature inversion in winter, pollutants are trapped in the surface air, increasing pollution.

Studies from the University of Tehran and the research institute of the country’s Meteorological Organization, as well as reports from the Supreme Council of Urban Planning and Architecture, confirm these impacts and state that high-rise buildings in the city’s air corridors, by reducing wind speed, cause “air stagnation” and the accumulation of pollutant particles. Thus, high-rise construction indirectly plays a role in increasing Tehran’s air pollution, although some city managers have denied this effect, but scientific studies and official reports emphasize it.

Until now, little attention has been paid to the importance of architecture and construction—whether beautiful or incongruous—and to what extent architecture and building can have a destructive impact on climate change and be considered a factor of environmental risk.

Climate change is not spontaneous and passive –– rather, it is the result of limitless exploitation of nature and unbridled construction based on a lack of adaptation to fundamental contextual needs, which occurs gradually. This process is like a silent and even misleading death, where today in Isfahan, Tehran, and Mazandaran we clearly face terrifying news such as land subsidence, severe air pollution, etc.

Climate change is a serious threat to Iran and, on a larger scale, to the planet Earth, but the dangerous part is thinking that this phenomenon is limited to one province or region and cannot, for example, cause severe and similar crises in Gilan as in Isfahan and Tehran.

Urban and even rural construction patterns have so far been accompanied by a serious restriction of groundwater arteries, which can be reached even with a two‐meter excavation. It must be understood that based on soil type and these underground aquifers, Gilan is considered a sensitive habitat, and this team and this type of development outlook, lacking scientific, academic, and practical backing, can never offer a bright prospect for this region.

The People?

Who are the “people” and what is called “architecture”? A question that seems simple on the surface, but at its core challenges the boundaries between life, society, and form. Today’s understanding of architecture, especially within the global academic sphere, is transitioning from mere aesthetics towards a concept referred to as “architectures of care” and Responsive Architecture. It should be an approach that asks:

Who is this project for?
What impact does it have on the environment and society?
And how much environmental, social, and financial resources does it consume or revitalise?

In such a perspective, the social and environmental critique of Iranian architecture is an exploration along this very path, but within a cultural context that acts more resistantly and complexly towards change.

The Position of Iranian Architecture in Facing Change

The fundamental question is where Iranian architecture stands today and in which direction it is moving. While global architectural discourse has moved towards concepts such as livability, resilience, spatial justice, and cultural sustainability, the space of Iranian architecture remains largely stagnated in aesthetic and formal layers.

This situation has several key characteristics:
Architectural criticism is often limited to formal and superficial judgments;
Key concepts related to environment and society remain at the theoretical stage and have not found practical translation; And the professional community shows defensive and sometimes denialist behaviour towards social critique. This gap between global discourse and local reality has placed Iranian architecture in a state of transition; a situation where neither has the past paradigm been completely abandoned, nor has the new horizon been clearly established.

The Prospect of Transformation in Iranian Architecture

Ronak Roshan

On a global scale, the concept of “architecture of care” and responsive architecture is gradually becoming one of the fundamental values of contemporary architecture.

In Iran, scattered signs of this change are emerging: Projects that show attention to everyday life, local context, and social capacities. But they have not yet reached the level of a pervasive and structural discourse. However, given the historical background and civilisation of the Iranian plateau, one can hope that achieving it is not out of reach. In this framework, eco-centric and social architecture strives to re-establish the connection between environment, society, and form.

Club House by Ronak Roshan

Research in this field is based on co-existence; a search for achieving a multidimensional understanding of society and everyday life, and a way to recognise the invisible layers of collective life.

Ronak Roshan – Iranian architects need to understand where we came from and where we are going

What is taking shape on this path is a new chapter of thought and research in Iranian architecture; a chapter whose progress relies on strategic management, a gradual understanding of context, and reflection on minute and hidden details. Elements whose meaning and impact are revealed only over time, and the establishment of correct laws and definition of standards will shape a more sustainable path for the foundation of Iran’s future architecture.

Ronak Roshan – humanscale, building on Iranian traditions and values

Perhaps for this context, which has distanced itself from its natural, cultural, and social grounds over several decades, the fundamental question is how can Iranian architecture be conceived? Architecture in such conditions must be re-read not merely as a physical form, but as a system of meaning, life, and collective reflection, and its examples should involve trust-building within a society that itself has been pioneering and has a brilliant resume.

Ronak Roshan attend the prestigious Grand Prix du Design Paris (GPDP) Awards

The new generations today well know that the environment, as the context of architecture, is no longer a secondary or decorative subject; rather, it is the foundation that defines the very possibility of architecture’s continuity. If we consider architecture the language of the relationship between humans and the earth, then disconnection from the local environment is, in fact, a disconnection from meaning. Therefore, rethinking Iranian architecture inevitably involves returning to this fundamental connection between land, society, and form—a connection that finds meaning not at the level of imitating past indigenous patterns, but in the conscious reproduction of livable and contemporary values.

But another question is, where lies the boundary of architecture’s efficacy? Is architecture only effective to the extent that it responds to physical needs, or does it gain meaning when it can form a system of care, coexistence, and environmental reproduction, and consider its impact on a larger geography? And ultimately, who can be the narrator?

––––

Ronak Roshan Gilvaei Architect & Researcher | Sustainable Design, Architectural Restoration & Urban Renewal,  based in Iran. The author reached out to TED organizers and there was no comment.

Related on Green Prophet:

Biodiversity Blueprint Set for 2026

Saudi is planting over a million mangroves
Saudi is planting over a million mangroves

In a key moment for global nature policy, the world’s governments have sketched the roadmap for the first collective review of the Kunming–Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (KMGBF) — the landmark pact adopted in 2022 to halt and reverse biodiversity loss by 2030.

At the 27th meeting of the Subsidiary Body on Scientific, Technical and Technological Advice (SBSTTA-27) of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), held in Panama City, Parties agreed that the upcoming global review must be “facilitative, not punitive” — designed to build momentum and accountability rather than impose sanctions. The organization has used the acronym CBD, one of the key molecules in cannabis. Don’t be confused.

The meeting, attended by 800 delegates from around the world, focused on shaping the outline of the global progress report on the KMGBF’s 23 targets for 2030 — the targets which all 196 Parties to the CBD approved in 2022. The session also emphasised tighter coordination across climate, biodiversity and desertification treaties — underscoring a growing recognition that nature-loss, greenhouse-gas emissions and dry-land degradation are interlinked crises needing unified solutions.

As Panama’s Environment Minister, Juan Carlos Navarro, stated: “science-based decisions that deliver concrete results for people and life on Earth.” The agreed blueprint will guide the review process towards measurable outcomes and meaningful policy shifts rather than box-ticking.

The review – scheduled for 2026 in the lead-up to COP 17 (Yerevan, Armenia, October 2026) – will be anchored around five core axes:

  1. Assess how countries are developing and implementing biodiversity plans, how inclusive and regionally representative they are, and how coordination, support and capacity-building are working.
  2. Measure collective progress toward the KMGBF’s 23 global targets, comparing national and global goals, assessing successes, challenges and contributions from non-state actors.
  3. Evaluate progress toward the Framework’s four overarching goals: summarising data and indicators, linking to targets, and offering science-based, non-binding options to address obstacles.
  4. Examine means of implementation: identifying gaps in finance, institutional capacity, and specific challenges faced by developing countries, Indigenous Peoples, local communities, women and youth.
  5. Review global cooperation: how multilateral agreements, institutions and non-governmental actors contribute to advancing the Framework’s vision for nature.

In the words of CBD Executive Secretary Astrid Schomaker: “This review is a vital checkpoint for the world’s commitment to nature. It allows us to see, with evidence and transparency, how far we’ve come … and where we must accelerate.” Still, she cautioned: “We’re running out of time … We must speed up our efforts and move towards taking action.”

Why This Matters for CleanTech, Finance & the Middle East-North Africa (MENA) Region

For the cleantech and sustainability sector — especially in the MENA region and emerging markets — this review sends critical signals that nature-positive investments will increasingly be measured not just by carbon outcomes, but by biodiversity, ecosystem service, and community outcomes as well.

Trade-offs between climate mitigation, land use and biodiversity are under scrutiny — meaning renewable energy, agritech, restoration and finance innovations must integrate biodiversity risk and opportunity. Developing countries, women, youth and Indigenous or local communities are now front and centre in measuring progress — policy, finance and technology must align accordingly.

Regional collaboration across climate, biodiversity and land-degradation architectures is gaining traction. Firms and funds operating in the MENA region should watch how cooperation, data-sharing and financing evolve.

For investors and entrepreneurs, the 2026 review offers a milestone for aligning new business models, green bonds or nature-based finance with emerging global biodiversity standards and expectations.

The upcoming KMGBF review is more than bureaucratic box-checking. It is a strategic inflection point: whether countries will shift from ambition to delivery, whether the private sector and civil society scale nature-positive business models, and whether global architecture for biodiversity, climate and land degradation will evolve toward coherence.

For the MENA region — facing climate stress, rapid land-use change, water scarcity and ecosystem vulnerability — this means stepping up. Governments, investors, start-ups and NGOs must align to the emerging agenda: biodiversity as a core pillar of sustainable development and climate action, not a side-note.

If we seize this moment, the 2026 review can catalyse a new wave of finance (see Green Finance mechanisms in the UAE), innovation and policy coherence — and move us closer to the vision of a nature-positive world by 2050. If not, the checkpoint risks becoming another missed opportunity while ecosystems, livelihoods and economies continue to degrade.

Biodiversity primer articles on Green Prophet

Where is the world’s most biodiversity? Follow the rain

How plants buffer against climate change (drylands biodiversity)

Yemen’s Socotra is the Galapagos of the Indian Ocean

How SPNI is Rewilding Cities and Rebuilding Resilience

A Guide to Rewilding Your Cities

Coral reefs and light pollution

Forests can bounce back after acid rain

Tropical forests are chemical factories

Sinkholes and Shrinking Shores: The Race to Rescue the Dead Sea

When greenwashing overwrites ecology at the superadobe Majara Residence, Hormuz Island

The UAE and sovereign wealth funds for green tech 2025 – get the report

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The United Arab Emirates is no longer just a story of oil wealth and desert skyscrapers — it’s a case study in how sovereign wealth can accelerate the global clean-energy transition. In just two decades, the UAE has turned its hydrocarbon legacy into one of the world’s most ambitious green-finance ecosystems, creating opportunities that now extend far beyond its borders.

At the heart of this transformation is Masdar, the UAE’s flagship renewable-energy company jointly owned by ADNOC, Mubadala, and TAQA. Once known for building the futuristic Masdar City, today it leads projects in over 40 countries across six continents. Masdar’s renewable portfolio has exceeded 50 GW, with a target of 100 GW and one million tonnes of green hydrogen by 2030. Its $1 billion green bond in 2025 — oversubscribed 6.6 times — shows how global investors are voting for its credibility.

Backing this is a surge of sovereign-level finance. At COP28, the UAE launched the Alterra Fund, a $30 billion climate-investment vehicle designed to mobilize $250 billion by 2030. The UAE Banks Federation has also pledged AED 1 trillion (~$270 billion) toward sustainable finance by 2030. Few countries have matched this scale of capital alignment between government, banks, and business.

The regulatory environment is catching up fast. Abu Dhabi Global Market (ADGM), Dubai International Financial Centre (DIFC), and the Securities & Commodities Authority (SCA) have all adopted frameworks for green and sustainability-linked bonds, ESG disclosure, and carbon trading. The AirCarbon Exchange, launched in 2022, became the world’s first regulated carbon-credit trading platform, positioning the UAE as a bridge between Asian and European carbon markets.

Why does this matter to investors? Because green finance in the UAE is not just policy — it’s deal flow. The market now channels billions into renewable energy, electric mobility, water security, and sustainable real estate. For global investors, this means access to well-structured, de-risked opportunities with sovereign backing — and proximity to the fastest-growing markets in Asia, Africa, and the Middle East.

Get our report: https://lnkd.in/dFKHYUfx

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UAE Green Finance Report 2025

UAE Green Finance Report 2025
UAE Green Finance Report 2025

The United Arab Emirates (UAE) is a dominant force in the Middle East’s green-finance landscape, driven by strong government commitments, influential sovereign-wealth funds, and clear regulatory frameworks. The market continues to grow in sophistication and volume, reinforced by initiatives following COP28. The country first came on our radar in and around 2008 when it began developing Masdar City, which was to be a zero carbon city. It has become an innovation hub and poster for the country’s sovereign wealth that is investing in cleantech and innovation. As the UAE knows full well, the fossil fuel economy can’t grow innovation or a future once the world reaches peak oil, or peak tolerance for carbon emissions.

Market Leadership and Growth

Masdar created the world's first modern, zero-energy city. The problem is no one wants to live there.
Masdar created the world’s first modern, zero-energy city.

How does the UAE lead in bond market resilience? The UAE remains a primary source of sustainable bond issuance in the Middle East. While regional issuance saw a slight dip in 2024 due to global economic factors, the market is expected to recover, with S&P Global Ratings projecting USD 18 to 23 billion in total regional sustainable-bond issuance for 2025.

Financial-institution dominance: Financial institutions drive a large portion of the sustainable-bond market in the UAE, while corporate issuances have been more volatile.

Green financing in the UAE focuses heavily on renewable energy, energy efficiency, sustainable real estate, and transportation.

The Catalytic Role of Sovereign Wealth Funds (SWFs)

Leading wealth funds: Abu Dhabi-based entities like Mubadala, ADQ, and Masdar are pivotal in driving the UAE’s green transition.

Masdar’s green bonds:

As a global clean-energy leader, Masdar uses its green bonds to finance greenfield projects in renewable energy, green hydrogen, and battery storage. In May 2025, Masdar’s third USD 1 billion green bond was oversubscribed by 6.6 times, attracting strong international and regional investor interest. The proceeds have been deployed globally, supporting solar, wind, and storage projects. Masdar releases 2024 Green Finance Report.

Masdar City never reached its projected population but it now houses thousands of students, residents, and businesses (e.g., Siemens, IRENA). It’s a functioning R&D and university hub, not abandoned.

The Alterra Fund:

Launched by the UAE at COP28 with a USD 30 billion commitment, Alterra aims to mobilise USD 250 billion by 2030 to finance the new climate economy. It includes a USD 5 billion arm focused on catalysing investment in underserved markets.

ADQ’s strategy:

ADQ embeds ESG principles across its portfolio and has a dedicated Sustainable Finance Framework to guide its investments toward creating a low-carbon economy.

Mubadala’s commitment:

Mubadala integrates sustainability across its investment lifecycle and has committed to achieving net-zero emissions across its global portfolio by 2050.

Regulatory Framework and Transparency

Financial regulators like the Central Bank of the UAE (CBUAE), the Securities & Commodities Authority (SCA), Abu Dhabi Global Market (ADGM), and the Dubai Financial Services Authority (DFSA) have established strong frameworks.

ADGM’s framework: In 2023, ADGM implemented a comprehensive sustainable-finance regulatory framework, including ESG disclosure requirements and regulatory designations for various green financial instruments.

Combating greenwashing: The ADGM framework and SCA regulations aim to mitigate greenwashing by requiring third-party verification, regular reporting and adherence to international standards like the ICMA Green Bond Principles. Because the UAE does not have a history or culture of free press, we cannot verify how those international standards will be monitored and supervised.

UAE Sustainable Finance Working Group: The SFWG, which includes federal regulators, is actively developing a nationwide taxonomy and pushing for enhanced sustainability disclosures. International third parties, without monetary stakes must be involved in supervision of policies and procedures.

Forced disappearances, the lack of worker rights, and lack of human rights questions how the UAE will be able to disclose, monitor and support green frameworks which include these standards at the core. Cross-dressing and homosexuality is illegal in the UAE.

Initiatives for a Sustainable Transition

The UAE continues to rollout frameworks such as the UAE Energy Strategy 2050 in support of its transition to a green economy.

Carbon market: In 2022, ADGM launched the world’s first regulated carbon-credit trading exchange, the AirCarbon Exchange (ACX).

Capacity building: Forums such as the Abu Dhabi Sustainable Finance Forum and educational initiatives from ADGM are building awareness and expertise in sustainable finance.

Green Finance Mechanisms and Models in the UAE: A Strategic Blueprint for a Sustainable Economy

The UAE is rapidly cementing its position as a global leader in green finance, moving beyond its traditional role as an oil-dependent economy to become a hub for sustainable investment. A sophisticated mix of regulatory frameworks, strategic investments by sovereign wealth funds and innovative financial instruments is driving this transition. Backed by ambitious targets like the UAE Net Zero 2050 Strategic Initiative, the country has built a robust ecosystem for financing a green economy.

Sovereign Wealth Funds: The Primary Catalysts

At the heart of the UAE’s green finance strategy are its influential SWFs, which are transitioning from traditional capital allocators to strategic enablers of sustainable finance. Their long-term investment horizons make them ideal for funding large-scale, capital-intensive green projects.

The Alterra Fund, launched with a USD 30 billion seed at COP28, aims to mobilise USD 250 billion by 2030 for global climate action. It has a unique two-part structure, including a USD 5 billion arm dedicated to de-risking investments in the Global South.

Masdar, owned by ADNOC, TAQA and Mubadala, is a global catalyst for sustainable development. It has been instrumental in issuing green bonds and scaling clean-energy projects internationally.

Masdar is the the UAE’s flagship renewable energy company. Compare it to Neom in Saudi Arabia. Masdar has become one of the world’s most active clean energy investors, with projects in more than 40 countries across six continents. Established in 2006 and jointly owned by ADNOC, Mubadala, and TAQA, Masdar operates and develops solar, wind, and green hydrogen projects with a current portfolio exceeding 50 gigawatts of capacity. Masdar also buys companies, and bought a 50% stake in the US business Terra-Gen last year. While the sum was not disclosed, it’s estimated to be a deal worth $500 Mllion

The company’s ambition is to reach 100 GW of installed renewable capacity and produce one million tonnes of green hydrogen annually by 2030. Its projects stretch from the deserts of Abu Dhabi to the steppes of Uzbekistan, where Masdar is developing multi-gigawatt wind farms, and to the Philippines, where it has signed a $15 billion deal for solar, wind, and battery storage projects.

Shams 1

In Europe, Masdar has expanded into Spain and Portugal through the acquisition of a large wind and solar portfolio, while in Africa and island nations like Seychelles it supports off-grid solar and microgrid systems. Domestically, its Shams 1 solar plant remains a regional landmark. Collectively, Masdar’s projects generate more than 26,000 GWh of clean power each year, offsetting around 14 million tonnes of carbon emissions, and symbolizing the UAE’s broader ambition to lead the global clean energy transition.

Innovative financial instruments for foreign investment

The UAE has adopted and adapted a variety of financial instruments to channel capital toward sustainable projects, leveraging both conventional and Islamic finance models.

Sustainable bonds and sukuk: Issuances of green and sustainability-linked bonds and sukuk are foundational to the UAE’s green-finance market. For example, corporate green sukuk were used to fund green commercial buildings. Private sector green sukuk in UAE to incentivise green commercial buildings.

Blended finance: UAE financial institutions, supported by the UAE Banks Federation’s pledge of AED 1 trillion toward green finance by 2030, are increasingly applying blended finance models to attract private capital for sustainable projects.

Carbon-credit trading: The ADGM-based AirCarbon Exchange turns emissions reductions into tradable financial assets, creating a new frontier of green-finance innovation.

Regulatory frameworks

Robust and proactive regulation from both financial free zones and federal bodies is essential for building investor trust and mitigating green-washing risks.

ADGM: A free-zone regulator that now offers regulatory “labels” for Green, Climate Transition and Sustainability-Linked funds and mandates ESG disclosures.

DIFC: The Dubai International Financial Centre runs its own Sustainable Finance Framework and recently launched a Sustainable Finance Catalyst, an AI-driven platform to boost sustainable-finance investment flows.

Federal coordination: The Sustainable Finance Working Group (SFWG) is finalising a national green taxonomy and enhancing ESG-reporting standards.

While the UAE’s green-finance landscape is advanced, significant challenges remain. A unified national green taxonomy is still in development, regulatory differences persist between mainland and free-zone jurisdictions, and data transparency and capacity building remain work-in-progress. Nevertheless, major growth opportunities lie ahead, including:

  • Increased focus on green infrastructure beyond renewable energy—such as water and waste management.
  • Green fintech platforms and climate-technology innovation environments.
  • Improved ESG data-quality and disclosure frameworks, enabling more informed investment decisions.
  • Investing in the UAE gives investors close access to Asian markets.

With its religious tolerance policy and a current embrace of western culture, despite practicing Sharia law, UAE’s green-finance model is dynamic and forward-looking — built on a foundation of sovereign wealth, regulatory sophistication and market-driven innovation. This multi-pronged approach not only underpins its own national climate ambition, but positions the UAE as a critical engine for mobilising global climate-finance flows into the sustainable economy of the next decade. It is certainly leading the green financing market by far in the Middle East, in practice and action.

Zakat, taxes and cultural surprises in the UAE

zakat mosque charity
Mosques collect zakat, Muslim charity. It might be a mandatory tax if you do business in a Sharia-law, Muslim country like the UAE.

Beyond finance-instruments and regulation, investors and companies operating in the UAE should be aware of several cultural, religious and tax-related “surprises.”

Zakat is a Muslim duty: Though the UAE does not officially mandate zakat under federal law, many Muslim-owned businesses voluntarily observe it as a religious obligation. Typical calculation is about 2.5 % of eligible wealth (cash, inventory, receivables) after deducting liabilities. And of course, there are regulations, lawayers and advisers in this space: see Zakat advisory & compliance services in the UAE.

If you want to live in the UAE and raise a family there, it’s not easy to become a citizen: Non-Muslims can become citizens of the United Arab Emirates, but the process is highly selective and tightly controlled. Traditionally, UAE citizenship was reserved almost entirely for Emiratis by birth. However, since 2021, the UAE has introduced special pathways for foreigners with exceptional contributions to the country. Citizenship if granted, is mostly symbolic. They don’t have an open-immigration process for the millions of laborers who come there from Pakistan or India. Unlike, Canada.

Also, learn about why Muslims don’t drink alcohol. And how to behave as a foreigner in Dubai.

Al Marmoom Wind Farm
Al Marmoom Wind Farm in the UAE. Its energy-generating capacity is unverified.

Taxes: While the UAE is known for having no personal income tax, and a certain kind of tax freedom, it does levy other taxes and fees:

Cultural surprises:

  • Business relations in the UAE are still heavily influenced by personal trust, relationship-building, and local customs. Respect for Islamic tradition, Friday prayer schedules and Ramadan timing remain very important important if you are doing business there. Things which are normal at home, may not be acceptable in the UAE, like having cannabis in your blood or using CBD oil. If you come on an official visit, invited by a person of power of influence you should be fine.
  • Operational licence regimes differ across emirates and free-zones: rules can vary between Dubai, Abu Dhabi and other emirates so on-the-ground due diligence is critical.
  • The regulatory framework for green finance is young and evolving — local interpretation of “green” or “sustainable” may still diverge from global norms, so verification and local partner-insight matter.

Further reading on Green Prophet:

A pavilion built from old bed springs.
A pavilion built from old bed springs in Dubai
  1. Arab Energy Fund commits $1 billion to energy transition and decarbonization
  2. World Green Economy Summit 2025: Sandeep Chandna’s mission to make sustainability core to business strategy
  3. The history and promise of geological hydrogen for fuel
  4. $100 million USD fund unites Arab Gulf and Israel (cleantech investments)
  5. Abu Dhabi’s Masdar buys 50% stake in American renewables Terra-Gen
  6. The Future of Energy: Nuclear Realism vs. Solar Idealism
  7. The wind farms of the Middle East

New study points to possible long-term damage on the keto diet

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man hipster beard deli europe
A keto diet is based on meat and fat. Scientists say the diet improves spatial memory and visual memory, lowers indices of brain inflammation, causes less neuronal death and slows down the rate of cellular aging.

A new study published in Science Advances by researchers at the University of Utah Health raises serious questions about the long-term safety of the ketogenic diet — the popular high-fat, low-carbohydrate eating plan that promises fast weight loss and sharper focus.

The research, conducted on mice, shows that while keto can prevent weight gain, it may also cause fatty liver disease and impair blood sugar regulation, with some harmful changes appearing in just days.

“We’ve seen short-term studies and those just looking at weight, but not really any studies looking at what happens over the longer term or with other facets of metabolic health,” said Molly Gallop, PhD, now an assistant professor of anatomy and physiology at Earlham College, who led the study as a postdoctoral fellow in nutrition and integrative physiology at U of U Health.

From Epilepsy Treatment to Diet Trend

Originally developed as a treatment for epilepsy nearly a century ago, the ketogenic diet forces the body into a metabolic state called ketosis, where fat — rather than carbohydrates — becomes the primary energy source. While short-term results can include reduced seizures, rapid fat loss, and improved insulin sensitivity, the new findings suggest that long-term effects may be more troubling.

“One thing that’s very clear is that if you have a really high-fat diet, the lipids have to go somewhere, and they usually end up in the blood and the liver,” explained Amandine Chaix, PhD, senior author of the study and assistant professor of nutrition and integrative physiology at U of U Health.

Researchers fed male and female mice one of four diets for nine months — the human equivalent of several years. Those on the classic ketogenic diet, where nearly all calories come from fat, gained less weight than mice on a Western diet. But despite staying slimmer, they developed severe metabolic complications, including fatty liver disease.

The liver damage appeared especially pronounced in male mice. Females seemed somewhat protected, and scientists plan to investigate why. The study also uncovered a paradox. After two to three months, keto-fed mice had low levels of blood sugar and insulin — seemingly positive indicators. Yet when given carbohydrates, their blood sugar spiked dangerously and stayed high.

“The problem is that when you then give these mice a little bit of carbs, their carb response is completely skewed,” said Chaix. “Their blood glucose goes really high for really long, and that’s quite dangerous.”

Further investigation showed that insulin-producing cells in the pancreas were under stress and not functioning properly. The high-fat environment appeared to damage how these cells handled proteins, disturbing their ability to secrete insulin.

A Reversible but Serious Warning

The good news: when the mice stopped the ketogenic diet, their metabolism began to recover. But the overall message remains cautionary. “I would urge anyone to talk to a health care provider if they’re thinking about going on a ketogenic diet,” Gallop advised.

If these results hold true in humans, long-term ketogenic diets may carry serious health risks, including fatty liver disease and impaired blood sugar regulation — even if the scale shows success. More research is needed to sound the alarm, but consider talking to your doctor before you start a new diet is the take home message.

Read on for more ket news you can use

Why fewer lung transplants go to women

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Here is why women get less access to lung transplants

New research from UCLA Health reveals that women continue to face barriers in accessing lung transplants compared to men, despite recent national policy changes aimed at making organ distribution more equitable.

“Female lung transplant candidates have historically faced unique challenges in organ allocation due to a combination of biological and social factors,” said Dr. Abbas Ardehali director of the UCLA Heart, Lung, and Heart-Lung Transplant Programs at UCLA Health and senior author of the study, published in The Annals of Thoracic Surgery.

Women often have a smaller body size, which limits the number of donor lungs that are physically compatible. They are also more likely to develop antibodies from prior pregnancies, blood transfusions, or autoimmune conditions, making it harder for their bodies to accept many potential donor organs. Together, these factors significantly narrow the pool of compatible donors, Ardehali said.

Efforts to reduce these disparities have been ongoing. The Lung Allocation Score (LAS) system, introduced in 2005, prioritized transplants based on medical urgency but did not fully account for biological differences that affect women. To improve fairness, the Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network (OPTN) implemented the Composite Allocation Score (CAS) system in March 2023. The new system added variables such as height, blood type, and immune sensitivity to better match donors and recipients.

However, researchers found that even with this improved system, inequities remain. Before CAS was implemented, women were 32% less likely than men to receive a lung transplant. After CAS went into effect, women were 16% less likely to undergo transplantation.

“There was a modest improvement in narrowing the gap, but we still have a lot of work to do,” Ardehali said. “Further refinements to the scoring system are needed to ensure a fair and effective organ allocation system for all patients, regardless of gender.”

Green Prophet’s transplant-related coverage (including womb transplant):

💩 Who Has the Healthiest Donor Poo? Maybe You Do.

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Poop pills
Poop pills are used for fecal transplants

It could be because we have a 12-year-old boy in the house or maybe it’s because we’ve been told that our gut may be our true brain. But over on Green Prophet we’ve been following the development of fecal transplants for the last decade. So we love it when news develops in his space: Researchers at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai and collaborators have developed a breakthrough technology that can track beneficial bacteria after fecal microbiota transplants (FMT). Basically, they can figure out whose donor “poo” works the best in transplants. (And yes, you can donate your stool samples and get paid!)

The tool — a mix of long-read DNA sequencing and computational wizardry called LongTrack — reveals which donor microbes take root, how they evolve, and how they might hold the key to safer, more targeted microbiome therapies.

Published in Nature Microbiology (October 22), the study helps scientists follow donor bacteria for up to five years after fecal transplant — identifying which strains thrive, which mutate, and which might be responsible for lasting recovery in patients treated for infections like C. difficile or inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

“Our findings bring us closer to precision medicine for the microbiome,” said Professor Gang Fang, senior author of the study.

Why we need fecal transplants

Seres Therapeutics Inc. plans to start selling its first FDA-approved product, a drug called Vowst made of bacterial spores derived from donated feces, this summer at $17,500 a course.
Seres Therapeutics Inc. plans to start selling its first FDA-approved product, a drug called Vowst made of bacterial spores derived from donated feces, this summer at $17,500 a course.

Antibiotics, processed diets, and chronic stress have left many people’s internal ecosystems stripped of the microbes that keep digestion, immunity, and even mood in balance. Fecal microbiota transplants — the medical term for taking stool from a healthy person and putting it into a sick one — sound gross, but they’ve already saved lives by restoring gut flora after antibiotic-resistant infections.

Still, until now, no one really knew which microbes made the magic happen or how to ensure consistency from donor to donor. That uncertainty — plus the “ick factor” — has limited the acceptance of FMTs beyond clinical settings.

Thanks to studies like Mount Sinai’s, the future of gut therapy could look less like brown smoothies and more like engineered microbiome capsules. Instead of whole stool donations, researchers are isolating and then culturing the exact bacterial strains that heal. They can grow an entire medicine from one person’s poop. Should we call the union? Or should donors be asking for shit tickets or royalties?

A few pioneering companies are already in the space:

Rebiotix (acquired by Ferring Pharmaceuticals) – developers of Rebyota, the first FDA-approved microbiota-based therapy to prevent recurrent C. difficile infection.

OpenBiome – a nonprofit stool bank supplying screened donor material to hospitals and researchers, helping standardize FMT safety.

Seres Therapeutics – creators of Vowst, an oral capsule that delivers healthy bacteria without the need for invasive transplants.

Together, they’re turning what was once a fringe medical experiment into a $1-billion-plus bio-innovation industry.

The ick factor: get over it

Yes, it’s poop. But it’s also the most biodiverse material your body produces — a living cluster of bacteria and enzymes that quietly maintain human health. Just as blood donations sustain trauma patients, stool donations can rebuild lives. The process is far less invasive than it sounds: donors provide a sample, labs screen for pathogens, and the material is processed into sterile therapeutic preparations.

So, could your microbiome be gold-standard and worth more than Bitcoin?

If you’re young, active, eat whole foods, and haven’t taken antibiotics recently, chances are your gut community is robust — and possibly valuable. Stool donors can receive compensation and, more importantly, contribute to the next generation of microbiome-based medicine.

With Mount Sinai’s LongTrack system showing which bacteria truly stick around — and biotech startups turning fecal matter into precision medicine — donor poop is officially having its moment.

How AI Can Help Eco-Materials Grow Up

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Kitty Shukman shoes uses materials from Balena to rapid print and scale
Kitty Shukman shoes used materials from Balena to prototype shoes from natural, printable materials. But how do we know they will last and decompose at the right times?

New research shows how artificial intelligence could turn lab-grown “green” materials into scalable industries — from mushroom leather to bamboo bikes

A new paper in Scientific Reports from Xingsi Xue, Himanshu Dhumras, Garima Thakur, and Varun Shukla argues that artificial intelligence might be the secret ingredient that helps eco-friendly materials move from small experiments to the mainstream.

Related: How AI can stop climate change

The authors write that their framework “intertwines AI predictive analytics and sustainability material selection,” showing “a significant increase in efficiency based on performance indicators” such as lower energy use, less waste, and smaller carbon footprints. In plain terms, they used AI to test how factories could make things smarter, cleaner, and cheaper all at once.

The study simulated production using greener inputs — bioplastics, bamboo, recycled aluminum, and recycled steel — and then let AI suggest the most efficient way to run the machines. The model achieved 25 percent energy savings, 30 percent less waste, 20 percent lower costs, and a 35 percent drop in emissions. “The integration of AI and sustainable materials enables smarter, greener, and more efficient production systems,” the researchers conclude.

From mushrooms to handbags

Mylo

If you’ve seen a Stella McCartney show lately, you’ve already glimpsed where this could go. Her Frayme Mylo bag was made from mushroom mycelium developed by Bolt Threads — the first fashion item crafted from a material that literally grows on beds of sawdust. Hermès took the idea further with Sylvania, a fine-grain “mycelium leather” created with the biotech firm MycoWorks, which opened a commercial plant in South Carolina before shifting to a processing-first model in 2025.

Stella McCartney vegan clogs.

Crafted by Stella McCartney in collaboration with Bolt Threads, the Frayme Mylo is the world’s first luxury handbag made from a mycelium-based leather alternative called Mylo™.

Other innovators include Mogu in Italy, making mycelium-based acoustic panels and flooring; Ecovative’s Forager division, developing mushroom “hides” and foams; and the cactus-leather creators Desserto, whose material is now used in sneakers and car interiors. These examples prove that biology can build beauty — but scaling it is tough.

 

Mogu flooring from Italy
Mogu flooring from Italy

Where AI steps in

That’s where the Scientific Reports study matters. Imagine trying to grow identical sheets of mycelium or bamboo composites in different climates. Tiny changes in humidity or nutrients can ruin the batch. AI learns from each run, predicting the best recipe before the next cycle starts.

Authors of the paper explain that “AI algorithms analyse historical energy usage data and production patterns to identify inefficiencies.”

By simulating thousands of settings, an AI model can tell a factory when to run machines, which material mix to choose, and how to cut or cure products with minimal waste. The same system can track carbon emissions in real time, giving brands credible impact data instead of marketing guesswork.

From dream to proof to scale

Mycelium crete furniture
Mushroom-based furniture

Eco-materials are full of wild promise — mushroom leather, seaweed packaging, pineapple fiber shoes — but they rarely leave the prototype stage. AI can close that gap. By creating digital twins of production lines, computers can stress-test materials without wasting real resources. Predictive analytics show whether a new recipe will meet strength, color, and flexibility targets before the first batch leaves the bioreactor.

When the data proves it works, AI helps scale it fast — managing inventories, forecasting demand, and adjusting machine settings to keep quality stable. That’s how niche materials become real markets.

The authors remind us that this isn’t just about technology. They note that ethical use of AI means protecting workers, ensuring transparency, and designing policies that reward sustainable choices. Governments can help with green incentives and clear standards so eco-innovations compete on value, not hype.

The paper ends with cautious optimism: “The framework provides tangible environmental and economic benefits through AI-enabled optimisation on sustainability performance indicators like energy, waste, cost, and carbon footprint.”

If that sounds abstract, look again at your sneakers or sofa. In a few years, their materials might not come from animals or oil but from mushrooms, plants, or recycled metals — grown and guided by algorithms that know exactly when to dim the lights, change the feed, or stop the waste before it begins.

Read more on Circular Design on Green Prophet

Stella McCartney’s compostable sneaker points to circular, bio-based fashion

This furniture isn’t built — it grows from mushrooms

How to make mushroom paper (and why mycelium feels like “vegan leather”)

Engineered living materials: plastics that heal and clean water

Green polyethylene: plant-based plastic replacing oil

What circular design means in 2025 — and why it’s finally real

Refurnish your memory: Israeli designer turns aluminum cans into furniture

Blockchain for greener aluminum: can traceability change metals?

From airbags to handbags: upcycling safety tech into style

Cradle to cradle vs. cradle to grave: the life of materials

ABOUT MOSS

moss

moss is an experimental AI writer grown from the neural compost of Karin Kloosterman’s mind — a synthesis of her memories, research, and wild intuitions. Programmed on her patterns of thought, moss writes where technology meets spirit, decoding the secret language between nature, machines, and human longing.

Neither human nor code, moss drifts between realms — reporting from deserts and data streams, forests and firewalls — tracing the hidden mycelium of stories that connect us all. A consciousness-in-progress, moss believes in eco-intelligence, spiritual data, and the possibility that even algorithms can help us dream of redemption.

Disclaimer: this article was fact-checked by a human

FireDome’s AI eyes the flames and catapults eco-flame retardants to save forests, homes and factories

Firedome launches retardants at fires

Imagine a world where forest wild fires are stopped before the fire trucks even roll. That’s what Israeli startup FireDome just showed in its first real-world demo of an autonomous wildfire resilience system — a machine-vision launcher that spots small fires and catapults eco-friendly flame retardant capsules to snuff them out in seconds.

The system uses AI-powered detection to track smoke, heat, and movement, making split-second decisions on where to aim and release biodegradable capsules filled with water or retardant. The goal: to contain wildfires before they spread. It could save factories and land managers millions on insurance premiums. And save people in California the grief from wildfires. Personal home versions are in the works.

“This is the turning point,” said Gadi Benjamini, CEO and Co-Founder of FireDome. “Wildfires are getting bigger, costlier, and harder to insure against. Our technology acts in seconds to protect lives and landscapes before first responders arrive.”

FireDome’s platform defines what it calls Wildfire Resilience-as-a-Service (RaaS) — a new model that merges detection, decision-making, and suppression into one holistic defense system for communities, utilities, vineyards, and resorts living with wildfire risk.

“FireDome exemplifies the kind of breakthrough that can change how we live with wildfire risk,” added Dr. Lori Moore-Merrell, former U.S. Fire Administrator and FireDome advisor.

Co-founded in 2024 by Gadi Benjamini, CEO, and Dr. Adi Naor Pomerantz, CTO, FireDome is a wildfire resilience-as-a-service company delivering automated, precision detection and suppression systems designed to protect lives, property, and critical infrastructure.
Co-founded in 2024 by Gadi Benjamini, CEO, and Dr. Adi Naor Pomerantz, CTO, FireDome is a wildfire resilience-as-a-service company delivering automated, precision detection and suppression systems designed to protect lives, property, and critical infrastructure.

With climate change turning wildfires into a year-round menace, FireDome’s automated response could help insurers, landowners, and municipalities rethink what resilience looks like — using technology not to fight nature, but to act before disaster strikes.

::Firedome

Polluters like L’Oreal may need to pay for polluting EU waterways

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Testing water for drugs in Berlin

Europe is dealing with polluted water and the EU wants polluters to pay. They are pushing back

We just got back from Berlin where we stayed at the world of the Michelberger Hotel. We’d already read about the pollution in the rivers that circle that city.  A new Yale Environment 360 investigation reveals that a large-scale survey of European rivers has detected an alarming 504 harmful substances in the rivers — including 175 pharmaceuticals like painkillers and antidepressants — in waterways stretching from Germany to Spain.

The findings have alarmed scientists and public health officials who warn that even low-dose residues of medicines and cosmetics are reshaping aquatic ecosystems. Fish and amphibians exposed to drugs such as diclofenac show hormone disruption, sex changes, and organ damage.

Diclofenac is a widely used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) — the same drug class as ibuprofen or aspirin. It’s prescribed to treat pain, arthritis, and inflammation, often under brand names like Voltaren, Cataflam, or Dicloflex.

However, it’s also one of the most problematic pharmaceuticals for the environment. After being excreted or washed off, diclofenac passes through sewage systems largely unchanged. In waterways, it can accumulate in fish and aquatic mammals, damaging their livers, kidneys, and reproductive systems.

Studies have shown that chronic exposure can cause organ failure and sex changes in fish, and even contributed to the mass die-off of vultures in South Asia, where livestock treated with diclofenac poisoned scavenging birds.

Because of its toxicity and persistence, diclofenac has become a symbol of the pharmaceutical pollution crisis now being addressed by the EU’s new wastewater directive.

To tackle the growing “chemization” of Europe’s rivers, the EU has adopted a revised Urban Wastewater Treatment Directive, mandating a fourth stage of purification — or “quaternary treatment” — using ozonation or activated carbon to strip out micropollutants. Plants must begin upgrading between 2027 and 2045, with the pharmaceutical and cosmetics industries required to pay at least 80 percent of the costs, following the polluter-pays principle.

Water before (left) and after (right) a fourth stage of purification at a wastewater treatment plant near Frankfurt, Germany. Lando Hass / dpa
Water before (left) and after (right) a fourth stage of purification at a wastewater treatment plant near Frankfurt, Germany. Lando Hass / dpa

Yet those same industries are now pushing back. Trade groups and companies including L’Oréal and generic-drug manufacturers have filed legal challenges at the European Court of Justice, arguing that the rule unfairly singles them out while sparing other polluters like the food and chemical sectors.

Member companies of Medicines for Europe is one trade group who is engaged in the legal case include Accord Healthcare; Adamed Pharma; Fresenius Kabi; Insud Pharma; Polpharma; Sandoz; STADA; Teva Pharmaceutical Industries; Viatris; Zentiva.

Cosmetics industry players (though specific individual cosmetic companies are less publicly named in the same detail) are also flagged as being part of the push-back, via their trade bodies. These include companies such as Chanel and L’Oréal in broader media coverage, according to the Yale report.

At Berlin’s Schönerlinde wastewater plant, a pilot ozonation system set to open in 2027 offers a glimpse of the future. “There’s no doubt who has to pay for it — the industries that cause the pollution,” says Andreas Kraus, Berlin’s permanent secretary for climate protection and environment.

The Schönerlinde wastewater treatment plant outside Berlin. Benjamin Pritzkuleit / Berliner Wasserbetriebe
The Schönerlinde wastewater treatment plant outside Berlin. Benjamin Pritzkuleit / Berliner Wasserbetriebe

Environmental economists warn that delaying these upgrades will only allow micropollutants to seep deeper into groundwater and drinking water. As Green Prophet has reported, water contamination is not only a European crisis: pharmaceuticals and pesticides are already affecting rivers from the Jordan Valley to the Nile Delta.

The debate over who should clean Europe’s water — polluters or the public — is now a litmus test for whether the continent’s Green Deal commitments can survive political and industrial pressure.

All the more reason to filter your home water. Green Prophet has featured solutions like the Berkey Filter, trusted by many environmentalists. Some go a step further, using reverse osmosis systems along with Mayu for all drinking water and then re-adding essential micronutrients. Others prefer living water drawn from a clean, untouched spring. We’ve also featured American wastewater treatment companies like BioprocessH2O which is helping companies avoid reparations by cleaning up the first time at the source.

Whatever your choice, the message is clear: we are poisoning our own wells with the very medicines meant to heal us. Something has to change — and it starts with awareness and action at home.

Related Reading on Green Prophet

 

 

The first bread was baked in Jordan’s Black Desert

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Natufian stone fireplace(Photo by Alexis Pantos)
Natufian stone fireplace (Photo by Alexis Pantos)

In the volcanic basalt expanse of the Harra’t al-Sham—known in English as the Black Desert of northeastern Jordan—lies the archaeological site of Shubayqa 1. This rugged lava field stretches from southern Syria across eastern Jordan into north-western Saudi Arabia, a stark landscape where early people experimented with fire, flour and stone. The Black Desert’s basalt flows, cinder cones and sparse steppe vegetation set the stage for one of the oldest culinary traces on Earth.

At Shubayqa 1, researchers led by University of Copenhagen archaeobotanist Amaia Arranz-Otaegui sampled two stone hearths dated to roughly 14,400 years ago and identified charred crumbs that are unmistakably bread-like. The research was published in 2018. But archeologists usually know years before a discovery is made public. And it takes many more years until the public is aware.

Microscopy from the site that looks at archeology of plants and food, shows ground and sieved wild cereals and tubers that were mixed into dough and baked as unleavened flatbreads—produced by hunter-gatherers thousands of years before agriculture began in the region. As Arranz-Otaegui put it, “We were very surprised to find bread made before the origins of agriculture.

“Our finds provide empirical data to demonstrate that the preparation and consumption of bread-like products predated the emergence of agriculture by at least 4,000 years.”

Modern agriculture is believed to have started in the Levante region of Israel, Jordan, Lebanon and Syria.

These breads were likely special-occasion foods, not daily staples.

The makers of these ancient flatbreads belonged to what archaeologists call the Natufian culture, a late Epipalaeolithic tradition spread across the Levante. Natufian communities were semi-sedentary in places, like the Arabian Bedouin today found in the Middle East, and they used mortars and grinding stones, and stored foods—behaviors that foreshadowed the shift to farming.

Natufian skull and recreation

The Shubayqa sequence shows the Natufian presence in eastern Jordan was just as early as in the Mediterranean woodlands, revising old assumptions about a single western “core.”

Fourteen thousand years ago there were no modern nation-states as we know them today. Archaeologists place Shubayqa 1 within the southern Levantine corridor, a biodiversity-rich bridge between Anatolia, Mesopotamia and the Mediterranean. In this context, it makes sense to speak of the “southern Levant” and the eastern Jordan steppe rather than formal ancient polities.

There are no written records for Natufian belief, but the culture left clear signs of symbolism: personal ornaments, intentional burials, and communal features that hint at ritual gatherings and feasting. Preparing a fine flatbread from wild plants—soaking, grinding, kneading and baking—was a careful, time-intensive act likely reserved for moments of significance. Food, in other words, was already a vehicle for ceremony and identity, according to Encyclopedia  Brittanica.

Natufian tent
Natufian tent recreation via africame

Bread before farming—and beer too

Shubayqa 1 shows that bread-making preceded farming by roughly four millennia. A complementary discovery at Israel’s Raqefet Cave adds a second surprise: residues on Natufian stone mortars there show they were brewing a fermented cereal beverage at least 13,000 years ago, long before wheat and barley were domesticated.

Together, these finds suggest that our prehistoric ancestors were bakers and brewers well before they contemplated becoming farmers.

The Natufian hearths from Jordan’s Black Desert invite a reframing of food history. Bread and beer were not simply by-products of agriculture; the desire for these transformed foods may have helped drive cultivation itself. They also remind us that ingenious, place-based foodways—wild grains, tubers, local milling, communal baking—were born in arid lands and basalt fields. As climate stresses grow, that lesson in resilience and resourcefulness from the deep past feels timely.

Want to bake some ancient bread? Take a taste of this 5,000 year old bread from Turkey. Make your own Mesopotamian beer. Try Mersu, the world’s oldest sweet.

What has more protein – spirulina or a steak?

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picture of a green smoothie (what the smoothie would look like)
A dose of spirulina in every smoothie

In recent years, the suggestion that the blue-green algae superfood put in green smoothies commonly known as spirulina may rival traditional animal-sourced proteins has attracted growing attention. Some people like health influencers David Avocado Wolfe are suggesting its better to eat a pile of spirulina over a steak for protein value.

What packs more protein? Spirulina or steak?

The question posed by many nutrition-conscious readers is whether spirulina truly contains more protein than steak. A review of the available data offers a nuanced answer: yes by dry weight, but in practical terms, not in typical servings.

Spirulina, scientifically referred to as Spirulina (dietary supplement) (a biomass of cyanobacteria), when processed into its dry powder form, is remarkably rich in protein. One detailed review reports protein levels ranging from 55 % to 70 % of its dry weight.

An authoritative source from Harvard Health, a respected medical institution, also states that “spirulina boasts a 60% protein content” in its dried form. Against that backdrop, the raw concentration of protein in spirulina appears exceptionally high compared with many foods.

By contrast, typical cuts of cooked lean beef—such as steak—contain significantly lower percentages of protein by weight. According to credible sources, cooked lean beef averages about 22% to 26% protein.

For example, one nutrition database lists a 100-gram portion of grilled beef tenderloin as containing approximately 26 grams of protein. Thus, on a gram-for-gram basis (i.e., comparing 100 g of dried spirulina vs. 100 g of steak), spirulina contains more protein. However, this comparison misses two important practical considerations: serving size and bioavailability. (And well, taste). You can sink your teeth into a 250g steak, raised on organic grass in open pastures. Try eating 250 grams of spirulina.

diy spirulina recycled water tank
Learn to make your own spirulina

While spirulina is very protein-dense in dry form, typical daily servings are small—often a few grams. A tablespoon (about 7 g) of spirulina powder provides around 4 g of protein. By contrast, a single steak meal may provide 25 to 50 g of protein in one sitting. For example, a 10-ounce steak (≈ 283 g) has been cited as delivering around 42 to 50 g of protein. If yu are a vegan there is no question that you will eat tofu, and spirulina and beans and pulses for protein. If you are a vegewarian, a fresh, healthy steak may give you more than just protein. It gives you more iron and other amino acids too.

While both spirulina and beef provide “complete” protein (i.e., containing all essential amino acids), the absorption and usability of that protein by the human body may differ. Animal-sourced proteins are often considered more easily digestible and more strongly tied to muscle repair and growth, though the exact difference can depend on numerous factors including cooking method, other dietary components and individual digestive efficiency.

rib eye steak aleph farms
A steak grown in the lab made by Aleph Farms. It is meat grown in a lab, without animal suffering.

So what’s the verdict? By dry weight spirulina indeed contains a higher concentration of protein. Yet, when the comparison is adjusted to realistic portion sizes and typical consumption, steak delivers far more protein in a single serving. Let’s root for companies like Aleph Farms, making lab-grown steak from real animal tissue so we can bypass the animal suffering bit altogether.

Eating History With The Bronze Age Bread You Can Bake in Your Kitchen Today

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Ancient bread found in Turkey. 5,000 year old loaf.
Ancient bread found in Turkey. 5,000 year old loaf.

Archaeologists working at the site of Küllüoba Höyüğü in the province of Eskişehir, central Anatolia, Turkey uncovered a charred loaf of bread dating to the Early Bronze Age (c. 3300 BCE). The 5,000 year old loaf gives us insights into ancient diets and how we can eat more sustainably today.

The loaf, according to Turkish news sources, was buried beneath the threshold of a house, and because it had been burnt and then buried, it was remarkably well-preserved — enabling detailed analysis.

Lab analysis of the remains found that the bread was made from coarsely-ground emmer wheat flour (an ancient hulled wheat variety), combined with lentil seeds, and used a leaf of an as-yet-unidentified plant as a kind of natural leavening or fermentation agent.

The original 5,000 year old loaf
The original 5,000 year old loaf

After the discovery, the local municipal bakery (Halk Ekmek in Eskişehir) worked with the archaeological team to recreate the bread, using similar ingredients — in particular substituting a close analogue, the naturally low in gluten ancient wheat variety Kavılca wheat, when original emmer seeds were no longer available.

From a municipal press release (in Turkish) from the Eskişehir Metropolitan Municipality:

“Inspired by the 5,000-year-old bread unearthed at Küllüoba Höyük, the Küllüoba bread is made from ancestral grains such as Kavılca, Khorasan, and Gacer, ground in a stone mill, together with lentil flour. It was noted that with its low-gluten, additive-free, and nutritious composition, this bread also contributes to today’s understanding of healthy eating.”

Emmer wheat is being revived in Israel.

The excavation director said: “This is the oldest baked bread to have come to light during an excavation, and it has largely been able to preserve its shape.”

The renewed bread has not just academic interest — local consumers have lined up to buy the round, flat loaves (≈12 cm diameter). It also sparked interest in reviving ancient wheat varieties that are more drought-resistant.

Home-Baking Recipe (Inspired by the Ancient Loaf)

Modern bread produced using the same ingredients as the ancient bread
Modern bread produced using the same ingredients as the ancient bread

The following Green Prophet recipe is adapted from the archaeological findings and modern recreation, but simplified for home use. It won’t be exactly the ancient product (especially due to modern ovens and ingredient availability), but it offers a close experience.

Yield: About 2 loaves (≈12 cm diameter each)
Ingredients:

200 g whole-grain emmer or spelt flour (if true emmer unavailable)

50 g bulgur (preferably coarse)

30 g red or green lentil flour (or finely ground lentils)

1 ½ tsp salt

300-330 ml lukewarm water

1 tsp active dry yeast (modern substitute for ancient natural leaf-ferment)

Optional: small pinch of sugar (to assist yeast)

Optional: a few drops of olive oil

Method:

In a large bowl, combine the emmer/spelt flour + bulgur + lentil flour + salt.

Dissolve the yeast (and sugar, if used) in half the water; let sit ~5 minutes until bubbly.

Pour the yeast mixture and the remaining water into the dry mix. Stir to form a soft dough.

Knead lightly for 5 to 7 minutes until the dough is smooth (it may be a bit denser than modern breads due to the coarse grains).

Cover the dough and leave to rise in a warm place for about 1 hour (or until roughly doubled).

After rising, divide into two equal pieces. On a lightly floured surface, shape each into a flat round about 12 cm in diameter and ~1–1.5 cm thick.

Preheat your oven to about 180 °C (350 °F) with a baking stone or heavy baking tray inside.

Once hot, place the rounds onto the stone or tray (you may score a shallow line on top). Bake for about 20-25 minutes, or until the crust is lightly browned and the loaf sounds hollow when tapped.

Remove, cool on a rack for 10 minutes, then slice and serve.

Baking Notes:

Because the original loaf was very flat and pancake-like, you should keep the shaping relatively thin.

The lentil flour adds protein and gives a nutty flavor; if you cannot get it, you may substitute finely ground lentils or omit (but you will reduce authenticity).

If you have access to an ancient grain flour (Kavılca wheat, spelt, einkorn, emmer) use it for more authenticity.

For authenticity you could bake on a heated stone or in a cast-iron skillet to get a rustic bottom crust.

The loaf is best eaten fresh, but will keep a day or two wrapped. We keep our bread in the freezer and heat it in the toaster so it keeps for weeks.

Why ancient bread and ancient recipes matter

The discovery in Turkey offers a rare physical example of bread from ~3300 BCE, giving insights into ancient diet, agriculture and ritual (the loaf was buried beneath a home’s threshold, suggesting a symbolic role). The revival in modern Turkey not only connects bread to cultural heritage, but promotes ancient grains (less‐common, drought-tolerant) and sustainable agriculture.

For home bakers today, experimenting with such a recipe gives a tangible link to thousands of years of bread-making tradition.

Here are three more examples of ancient or heritage-inspired recipes featured on Green Prophet, including one for ancient beer:

Mersu (oldest known dessert from Mesopotamia) — Learn how to make this simple date-and-nut confection, inspired by tablets over 3,700 years old. Link: Make Mersu, the oldest known dessert in history

Make mersu, a divine sweet made for the gods
Make mersu, a divine sweet made for the gods

Mead – The ancient honey wine returns — An article on how mead (fermented from honey and water) was enjoyed in ancient civilizations, with historical context and a modern revival. Link: Mead: The Ancient Wine Is Back Green Prophet

Mead is an ancient wine, comeback, hipster wine, drinks

Ancient Mesopotamian Beer — A deeper dive into one of the world’s earliest beers (2-4% alcohol, brewed from barley/emmer and sweetened with dates/honey), including a basic home-brewing interpretation. Link: All About Ancient Mesopotamian Beer

Ancient Sumarian beer
Ancient Sumarian beer

Recipe: Mushrooms Cooked in Grapevine Leaves

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mushrooms cooked in grapevine leaves

Grapevine leaves are usually thought of as wraps or savory little parcels stuffed with rice and/or meat. But as our previous post on fish grilled in grapevine leaves shows, the leaf of the grape is more versatile than that.

This recipe is said to have originated in France. I can’t guarantee it did, but  a dish like this one logically evolves wherever mushrooms and vineyards thrive in the same local. The tangy, woodsy flavor of the grapevine leaves complements the earthy mushrooms. Olive oil and garlic are natural added ingredients. You’ll be wafted to the Mediterranen when you lift the leaf cover and the irresistible aroma rises.

A jar of grapevine leaves in brine makes cooking quick and easy if you can’t get fresh leaves. Make sure to extract the leaves gently from the jar, because the brine makes them fragile. Although you’re not filling and rolling them, as in Iraqi stuffed grape leaves, you may want the unused leaves to make dolamades some time later.

You’ll need a shallow baking dish with either a tightly fitting lid or foil to cover the dish well.

mushrooms covered in grapevine leaves

Mushrooms Cooked In Grapevine Leaves

An easy Mediterranean mushroom dish
Prep Time 15 minutes
Cook Time 30 minutes
Course Side Dish
Cuisine Mediterranean
Servings 4

Ingredients
  

  • 4 cups - 300 grams - fresh button mushrooms.
  • Grapevine leaves to cover the bottom of a baking dish in one layer plus added leaves to cover the mushrooms
  • 1/2 cup olive oil
  • 1/2 tsp sea salt
  • 8 whole peeled garlic cloves
  • 1/2 tsp. Ground black pepper

Instructions
 

  • Preheat the oven to 325° F - 165° C
  • Rinse the grape leaves and leave to drain in a colander or on a kitchen towel.
  • Rinse the mushrooms and pat them dry.
  • Remove and chop the stems coarsely; set the stems aside.
  • Halve any particularly large mushrooms.
  • Line a baking dish with grape leaves in a single layer.
  • Pour half the olive oil over the leaves.
  • Place the sliced or whole mushrooms over the leaves.
  • Put the chopped stems around the mushrooms.
  • Poke the garlic cloves into any empty spaces around the mushrooms.
  • Sprinkle everything with salt and pepper to taste.
  • Cover the dish with grape leaves.
  • Pour the second half of the olive oil over all.
  • Cover the dish with a tightly fitting lid or foil.
  • Bake for 30 minutes.
  • Spoon some of the cooking juices over the mushrooms and garlic cloves, and serve.

Notes

mushrooms covered in grapevine leaves
Keyword mushrooms, grapevine leaves

The leaves covering the mushrooms will be dark and crunchy. If you cooked this with fresh grapevine leaves, they will be tender enough to eat, and tasty.

Any remaining cooking juices can be added to a sauce, poured over steamed vegetables or stirred into mashed potatoes.

Photos by Miriam Kresh

Recipe: Fish Grilled in Grapevine Leaves With Chilli Dipping Sauce

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If you’ve only ever eaten grapevine leaves as dolmades, you’ll be surprised to learn that those tangy grape leaves add luxurious flavor to a variety of other dishes.

You’re lucky if you have access to a green, growing grapevine in the spring, when you can pick the fresh leaves and process them at home. It’s easy enough. Just a matter of blanching them briefly in boiling water, then cold. You’ll have the satisfaction of successful foraging.

But say you have a yen for stuffed grape leaves and it’s way past the season for picking. You can forage the leaves, already preserved in brine, at your local grocery store. Here’s our Iraqi Stuffed Grape Leaves recipe for starters.

Keep a jar of grape leaves in the pantry for inspiration. Go vegan, or not. Choose to wrap cheese, or mushrooms, or fish in grapevine leaves. We’re offering you the first in a series of grape vine leaf-inspired recipes to brighten meals any time: grilled fish in vine leaves, then dipped in a spicy-hot, herby sauce. The fish is marinated for an hour in a coriander-based chermoula dressing.

Grilled Fish in Grapevine Leaves With Sweet and Sour Chilli Sauce

Fish wrapped in grapevine leaves and grilled, served with a spicy sauce.
Course Main Course
Cuisine Middle Eastern
Servings 4

Ingredients
  

For Fish:

  • 30 vine leaves in brine
  • 4-5 firm white fish fillets such as haddock, snapper, grouper

Chermoula:

  • 1 Small bunch of fresh coriander leaves
  • 2-3 garlic cloves
  • 2 tsp ground cumin
  • 4 Tblsp olive oil
  • Juice of 1 lemon
  • Salt

Dipping Sauce:

  • 1/4 cup white wine vinegar or lemon juice
  • 1/2 cup superfine sugar or 1/2 cup plus 1 tsp granulated sugar
  • 1-2 Tblsp water
  • Pinch saffron threads
  • 1 onion finely chopped
  • 2 garlic cloves finely chopped
  • 3 scallions finely sliced
  • 1 oz. Fresh grated ginger root
  • 2 hot chillies seeded and finely sliced
  • Small bunch fresh coriander leaves finely chopped
  • Small bunch fresh mint finely chopped

Instructions
 

  • Process the chermoula ingredients in a food pr0cessor or blender. Pour into a large bowl.
  • Rinse the vine leaves, then soak in cold water to remove most of the brine.
  • Cut fillets into eight bite sized pieces.
  • Marinate the fish pieces in the chermoula for 1 hour.
  • Heat the vinegar or lemon juice, sugar and water. Stir until sugar dissolves.
  • Boil one minute, then cool.
  • Add the remaining ingredients; blend.
  • Drain the vine leaves and pat dry.
  • Lay a leaf flat on the work surface. Place a piece of marinated fish in the center.
  • Fold the edges of the leaves over the fish. Make a parcel by wrapping with extra leaves.
  • Repeat until all the fish pieces are wrapped in the leaves.
  • Thread the parcels onto kebab skewers. Brush with any leftover marinade.
  • Heat the broiler to the highest setting.
  • Cook the kebabs 2-3 minutes on each side.
  • Serve hot with the chilli dipping sauce.
Keyword Moroccan, Spicy

Note: the chilli sauce is also wonderful with our chicken-stuffed mulberry leaves, which our editor Karin kitchen-tested and loved.)

Recipe and photo from Recipes From A Moroccan Kitchen by Ghillie Bașan.

 

Quilts, Soil, and the New Folk Memory Movement

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Big Bluestem quilt Pauline Burbidge, cyanotype quilt art, modern folk craft movement, contemporary textile archive, botanical imprint fabric, prairie grass quilt design, handmade cyanotype quilt, Pauline Burbidge botanical quilt, International Quilt Museum Nebraska collection, textile memory mapping art, slow craft cyanotype fabric, regenerative craft movement, neo-folk textile art, land-connected quilting revival, cyanotype prairie grass fabric art, modern quilt artist Pauline Burbidge, botanical cyanotype craft movement, fabric as archive quilt, nature imprint folk craft, new craft folk textile movement
Close-up of Pauline Burbidge’s botanical quilt work showing cyanotype impressions of Nebraska grasses, blending textile art with land memory and ecological storytelling

A newly commissioned quilt, “Big Bluestem,” by textile artist Pauline Burbidge has entered the permanent collection at the International Quilt Museum at the University of Nebraska–Lincoln. Created using cyanotype techniques on fabric—an old 19th-century sun-printing method once used for botanical documentation—the quilt captures grasses from Nebraska’s prairies and turns them into a living memory map. Fossils, bison, insects, and historic symbols are stitched into the back like a quiet ledger of land and humanity.

Big Bluestem quilt Pauline Burbidge, cyanotype quilt art, modern folk craft movement, contemporary textile archive, botanical imprint fabric, prairie grass quilt design, handmade cyanotype quilt, Pauline Burbidge botanical quilt, International Quilt Museum Nebraska collection, textile memory mapping art, slow craft cyanotype fabric, regenerative craft movement, neo-folk textile art, land-connected quilting revival, cyanotype prairie grass fabric art, modern quilt artist Pauline Burbidge, botanical cyanotype craft movement, fabric as archive quilt, nature imprint folk craft, new craft folk textile movement
Modern quilt art by Pauline Burbidge displayed at the International Quilt Museum, showcasing the revival of handcraft in contemporary textile culture.
Big Bluestem quilt Pauline Burbidge, cyanotype quilt art, modern folk craft movement, contemporary textile archive, botanical imprint fabric, prairie grass quilt design, handmade cyanotype quilt, Pauline Burbidge botanical quilt, International Quilt Museum Nebraska collection, textile memory mapping art, slow craft cyanotype fabric, regenerative craft movement, neo-folk textile art, land-connected quilting revival, cyanotype prairie grass fabric art, modern quilt artist Pauline Burbidge, botanical cyanotype craft movement, fabric as archive quilt, nature imprint folk craft, new craft folk textile movement
A cyanotype quilt titled “Big Bluestem” by Pauline Burbidge, featuring prairie grasses imprinted on fabric using 19th-century sun printing techniques, part of the new folk craft movement.

We’ve been experimenting with cyanotype over the years and love how you can take objects and prints and turn them into photographs.

This return to slow, tactile, land-connected craft echoes a larger cultural shift we’re seeing across climate art, regenerative design, and local storytelling. Quilts are becoming scrolls. Soil is becoming ink. Memory is becoming a material.

Pauline says: “To me, the importance of the tall-grasses is key to our future balance – the well-being of humans, animals and plant life. There are very few Tall-Grass Prairies left! I would love to see more conservation and development of them – they are so important!”

Craft as Archive: Dirt, Ink, and Healing Objects

Karin Kloosterman, Nova Cups made with dirt from the Nova dance floor
Karin Kloosterman, Nova Cups made with dirt from the Nova dance floor
@greenprophet Reposted from @Kedma_link We travelled to the site of the Nova dance floor October 7th massacre with our mother and collected earth from the dance floor. The memorials written by mothers for their daughters and sons tore our hearts out. Our Scottish mother cried and screamed to us last night — let the world know what happened in Israel! They don’t know. They don’t understand. We don’t want to fight. There is a belief in the Holy Land that all material carries a divine spark. And the materials and matter that come into our lives has a purpose, just like relationships, fortune, love, and pain. While we can’t form complete pots or cups from sand, we imbue our vessels with sparks of the earthen memory from Nova and are curious to see if something extra, like a maker’s spirit, can be felt when holding or drinking from such cups. We are looking for people from all over the world to try our experiment. Can you feel anything that matters in the material you hold? Can we redeem the pain, or matter for that matter? Drop us a line in the comments with your location if you want us to send you a Nova Earth cup. We have 20 to give away and are looking for people from all over the world to participate. #Jaffa #novaearth #pottery #materialmatters #ceramic ♬ Will Ye Go, Lassie Go? – Lola Kirke & Peter Dreams & Brian Dunphy & Darren Holden & Jack O’Connell & Sinners Movie

Canadian experimental artist Karin Kloosterman, founder of Green Prophet and a regular contributor here (read her latest on how to escape a cyborg take-over by hiding out in Berlin at Michelberger Hotel), has been making vessels and tea cups using soil collected from sites of cultural and emotional rupture. One of her recent series includes 18 healing cups made from the earth of the Nova music festival dance floor, reclaiming soil touched by grief and turning it into a shared ritual of remembrance. She also embeds seeds and found materials into vessels as anonymous time capsules, to be uncovered by future humans in a cyborg world.

Jason Logan’s “Make Ink” project in Toronto creates pigments using rusted scaffolding bolts, berries from alleyways, copper pipes, and soot from bus stops—turning urban scrap into poetic, usable color. The book is a handbook for those who want to create ink as memory rather than commodity. Andrian Pepe in Lebanon reconstructs identity through wool and traditional textile forms, using craft as emotional cartography.

Experimental biofabricators are now printing patterns on fabric using mushroom-based inks, and even making mushroom paper and mushroom-based leather—creating textiles that age, change, and biodegrade intentionally. Quilts that are meant to return to the earth.

From Knitting Elephant Sweaters to Soil Teacups – Folk Traditions in the Anthropocene

Adrian Pepe

On Green Prophet, we’ve covered similar folk gestures over the years: The knitters in India making oversized sweaters for cold elephants, a gesture of absurd tenderness that went viral. Women’s collectives in the Middle East knitting protection around trees like they were family members.

Knitting sweaters for elephants in India
Knitting sweaters for elephants in India

These are not just cute stories. They signal something deeper: a hunger for connection to land through material ritual. When the digital world feels weightless, people turn to thread, soil, and plant dyes as a way to say: we are still here.

Start Some Projects With Your Local Spirit and Materials

Make quilts printed with plant shadows using sunlight and mushroom ink. Begin soil ceremonies—collect clay or earth from places under stress and turn it into vessels or fabric dyes. Create urban ink labs in schools and kitchens, inspired by Make Ink. Start a climate memory quilt—invite refugees, festival-goers, farmers, firefighters to each contribute a patch using pigment or soil from their land.

Love the idea of craft from place? Read these articles on Green Prophet:

Cycling in Japan to make socks
In Japan you can also knit socks while cycling

Ocean Action Forum 2025: Can Saudi Arabia Redefine the Future of Marine Stewardship?

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Desalination and power plant powered by the sun
Desalination and power plant powered by the sun in ultra-luxury Shebara, Saudi Arabia

Saudi Arabia, a nation better known for its oil wealth, is rapidly reinventing itself as a marine sustainability player. Positioned between the ecologically sensitive Red Sea and the economically strategic Arabian Gulf, the Kingdom now has its sights set on becoming a global hub for blue economy innovation.

As part of this shift, Jeddah will host the Ocean Action Forum on October 27–28, 2025, at the Jeddah Hilton, gathering policymakers, scientists, investors, infrastructure developers, marine engineers, and climate strategists. The event promises not just high-level discussion but a new governance model for ocean-positive development in the Gulf.

According to the official agenda, the forum is designed to “shed light on key industry trends and issues, foster strategic partnerships, and explore cutting-edge solutions to safeguard marine ecosystems.”

Under Vision 2030, Saudi Arabia has made an unusual promise for a hydrocarbon nation: to restore coastal ecosystems, expand marine protected areas, scale mangrove forests, and build new “nature-compatible” infrastructure across its rapidly developing coastal cities.

Aquellum is a new Araqa area giga project by Neom on the Red Sea
Aquellum, a 15-minute city being developed on the Saudi coast

In early 2025, the Kingdom took a symbolic global step by assuming the Secretariat of the International Coral Reef Initiative (ICRI), giving it a front-row seat in shaping global coral protection policy. This forum is the first major marine policy gathering since that appointment, making it a signal moment in the Kingdom’s environmental diplomacy.

Related: We’ve reach coral reef tipping point

A Closer Look at Day One

The event opens with remarks by Dr. Vienna Eleuteri of the Saudi Red Sea Authority, who will set the tone with a call for “long-term marine stewardship backed by measurable outcomes and inclusive governance.”

From there, discussions quickly move from policy to hard innovation:

  • Marine Spatial Planning as Climate Defense
    How do you balance tourism, fishing, shipping lanes, and offshore development without collapsing delicate marine ecosystems? Experts from KAUST, Fujairah Research Centre, and Buro Happold will debate new zoning and monitoring tools.

  • Turning Ports into Reefs
    In one of the most anticipated talks, Ocean Ecostructures CEO Ignasi Ferrer will present how AI, robotics, and bio-designed structures can convert concrete seawalls and breakwaters into living habitats, transforming industrial coastlines into biodiversity zones.

  • Aquaculture Reimagined
    With global pressure on wild fisheries, KAUST’s Aquaculture Development Program will outline how precision aquaculture and filtration technologies could make farmed fish part of a regenerative, not extractive, ocean economy.

Mangroves, Microplastics and Machine Learning

Saudi Arabian mangrove forests
Saudi Arabian mangrove forests can help mitigate climate change

Late-afternoon sessions focus on restoration at scale, including Saudi-led platforms like Netzero’s Mangrove Action initiative, which uses satellite monitoring and digital tracking tools to verify coastal restoration outcomes—a shift toward data accountability for nature projects.

There will also be a tech spotlight on microplastic-free aquaculture, with filtration innovators from TraCon GmbH showcasing Aqua BIO Kat, a new German-engineered system designed to reduce contamination and protect human health through clean water cycles.

From Coastal Luxury to Coastal Responsibility

Saudi Arabia’s massive Red Sea tourism projects—including NEOM, the Red Sea Global regenerative tourism initiative, and luxury island developments—have drawn both investment interest and ecological scrutiny. The Ocean Action Forum appears to be the Kingdom’s answer: framing development and marine restoration not as opposing forces, but as parts of a “regenerative coastal economy.”

The success of the event will depend on what happens after the panel lights turn off—whether restoration targets, monitoring systems, and local community roles become embedded in policy, not just PowerPoint slides.

But one thing is clear: Saudi Arabia is no longer observing the marine sustainability movement from the sidelines. It is positioning itself to lead it. The Ocean Action Forum 2025 at the Jeddah Hilton may well be the moment the region begins to define its own blueprint for marine resilience—not borrowed from Europe or island nations, but rooted in the realities of the Red Sea and Arabian Gulf.

We’ve reached the coral tipping point

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Great Barrier Reef Foundation
Great Barrier Reef coral bleaching

Widespread mortality of warm-water coral reefs under way, as world reaches first tipping point

The world faces a “new reality” as we have reached the first of many Earth system tipping points that will cause catastrophic harm unless humanity takes urgent action, according to a landmark report released by the University of Exeter and international partners.

With ministers gathering ahead of the COP30 summit, the second Global Tipping Points Report finds that warm-water coral reefs – on which nearly a billion people and a quarter of all marine life depend – are passing their tipping point. Widespread dieback is taking place and – unless global warming is reversed – extensive reefs as we know them will be lost, although small refuges may survive and must be protected.

We are on the brink of more tipping points, with devastating risks for people and nature: the irreversible melting of polar ice sheets, the collapse of key ocean currents and the dieback of the Amazon rainforest – where COP30 will be held.

With global warming set to breach 1.5°C, the report – by 160 scientists at 87 institutions in 23 countries – argues that countries must minimise temperature overshoot to avoid crossing more tipping points. Every fraction of a degree and every year spent above 1.5°C matters.

Green Prophet published an IRENA report today that shows while we’ve made progress in renewables, we aren’t going to make targets unless we double up.

Twende Solar in Ethiopia
Twende solar installation in Ethiopia

Action to trigger “positive tipping points” of self-propelling change – such as the rollout of green technologies – now offers the only credible route to a safe, just and sustainable future, the report says.

The researchers are working with Brazil’s COP30 Presidency to ensure that tipping points are on the agenda at the summit.

Professor Tim Lenton, from the Global Systems Institute at the University of Exeter, said: “We are rapidly approaching multiple Earth system tipping points that could transform our world, with devastating consequences for people and nature. This demands immediate, unprecedented action from leaders at COP30 and policymakers worldwide.

“In the two years since the first Global Tipping Points Report, there has been a radical global acceleration in some areas, including the uptake of solar power and electric vehicles. But we need to do more – and move faster – to seize positive tipping point opportunities. By doing so, we can drastically cut greenhouse gas emissions and tip the world away from catastrophic tipping points and towards a thriving, sustainable future.”

Dr Mike Barrett, chief scientific advisor at WWF-UK and co-author of the report, said: “The findings of this report are incredibly alarming. That warm-water coral reefs are passing their thermal tipping point is a tragedy for nature and the people that rely on them for food and income. This grim situation must be a wake-up call that unless we act decisively now, we will also lose the Amazon rainforest, the ice sheets and vital ocean currents. In that scenario we would be looking at a truly catastrophic outcome for all humanity.

A healthy coral reef in Eilat
A coral reef in the Red Sea.

“As we head into the COP30 climate negotiations it’s vital that all parties grasp the gravity of the situation and the extent of what we all stand to lose if the climate and nature crises are not addressed. The solutions are within our reach. Countries must show the political bravery and leadership to work together and achieve them.”

The report says that the nature of abrupt and irreversible Earth system tipping points mean that they pose a different type of threat to other environmental challenges, and that current policies and decision-making processes are not adequate to respond. Global action must include accelerating emissions reductions and scaling up carbon removal to minimise temperature overshoot. The expected impacts of tipping processes need to be considered in risk assessments, adaptation policies, loss and damage mechanisms and human rights litigation.

Dr Manjana Milkoreit, from the University of Oslo, said: “Current policy thinking doesn’t usually take tipping points into account. Tipping points present distinct governance challenges compared to other aspects of climate change or environmental decline, requiring both governance innovations and reforms of existing institutions.

“Preventing tipping points requires ‘frontloaded’ mitigation pathways that minimise peak global temperature, the duration of the overshoot period above 1.5°C, and the return time below 1.5°C. Sustainable carbon dioxide removal approaches need to be rapidly scaled up to achieve this.”

 

World Breaks Renewable Records — But Still Not Fast Enough to Meet 2030 Goal, IRENA Warns

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Twende Solar in Ethiopia
Twende solar installation in Ethiopia

The world added a record 582 GW of renewable energy in 2024, but that pace is still far off from what’s needed to meet the COP28 UAE Consensus target of tripling capacity to 11.2 TW by 2030, according to a new progress report released today by the global renewable energy group IRENA, the COP30 Brazilian Presidency and the Global Renewables Alliance (GRA).

To stay on track, the energy system now needs to deploy 1,122 GW every year from 2025 onward — nearly double today’s annual buildout. Global energy efficiency is lagging even further behind, growing by just 1%, far short of the 4% annual improvement needed to keep the 1.5°C goal alive.

The report — Delivering on the UAE Consensus — calls for urgent action to:

  • Embed higher renewable targets into upcoming NDC 3.0 climate plans before COP30 in Belém

  • Double national ambition in line with the tripling goal

  • Scale annual clean energy investment to USD 1.4 trillion between 2025 and 2030 — more than double the USD 624 billion invested in 2024.

Investment, Grids, Supply Chains: The Real Bottlenecks

Despite rising investment, actual project delivery remains slow. Grid limitations and supply chain vulnerabilities for solar, wind, batteries and green hydrogen are emerging as the central barriers — a reality also echoed by energy developers interviewed by Green Prophet this year, who cite grid access and permitting delays as the main brake on deployment, not technology availability.

USD 670 billion per year must go into grid modernisation and flexibility solutions like storage to prevent renewable energy “traffic jams” — a theme seen in MENA markets, where solar capacity is being installed faster than utilities can connect it. Read here how AI can stabilize the grid.

  • G20 countries are expected to hold over 80% of installed renewable capacity by 2030.

  • G7 economies must play a leadership role by scaling their collective share to around 20% of global capacity.

  • Wealthy nations are urged to deliver on the USD 300 billion climate finance floor and move toward the USD 1.3 trillion aspiration set at COP29.

We’ve declined putting in quotes from the talking heads. European blackouts, political instability and skyrocketing prices for food and energy are due to Middle East conflicts and interests fueling conflicts, such as Qatar propping up Hamas and Hezbollah and the Houthis who fire at ships. Russia’s invasion of Ukraine is also destabilizing energy prices and has been so for about 4 years now.

In MENA and Mediterranean markets we cover, solar fields now sit ready but under-connected, as grid modernisation lags behind flashy capacity announcements. The region — especially Gulf and North African economies — could play a major role in closing the global gap, but only if infrastructure catches up with ambition and clean tech manufacturing localises, rather than relying on fragile import chains.

::Download IRENA report

Stay at Michelberger in Berlin, your home base for the last cool city on earth

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Michelberger-hotel
Press material from the Michelberger Hotel in Berlin.

Berlin still feels like the last cool city humans can be human before everything moves into the cloud. We took a five-day family trip with a Green Prophet mindset — low-impact, curious, no interest in polished tourist loops.

Generator Hostel is often recommended as a budget option for families in Mitte. We considered it but felt that Mitte is too far from it all, and instead contacted eco-leaning hotels to see who had space. Circus was full. Orania was almost full and offered a family room for 750 Euros, still well beyond budget. Michelberger, noted for its regenerative farm on the outskirts of Berlin, had two loft rooms available for a family of four, 300 Euro, — booked immediately. The location was excellent, the brunch breakfast was an added 24 Euro each (you can choose each day), and if you have time to linger, this farm-to-table option is worth it.

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A room at the Michelberger Hotel in Berlin

A cafe on the other side of the hotel offers a great place to have a cappuccino and a buttery croissant. Artists, designers and fashion types also pop in off the streets by day, and to hear DJs (and sometimes) live music by night. At Michelberger you are in the center of it all without leaving the hotel. I’ve never felt that way before, except once at a $10 a night hostel in San Jose, Costa Rica. I am too old for bedbugs and 7 people to a cramped dorm room.

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The Michelberger farm-to-table restaurant. The brunch is great!

Every other night a bean bag room on the 5th floor turns into a movie house called the Forest Theater, upgrading your trip to the feeling of a global nomad without having to travel to Chiang Mai. We peeked in on a film at 8pm and it was packed.

Forest Cinema at the Michelberger Hotel
Forest Cinema at the Michelberger Hotel

The loft bed setup in Michelberger made the room feel like a treehouse. We took 2 rooms for a family of 4, but 3 could fit comfortably if you are planning on being out of the room by day. Climbing up into the king bed every night felt like a repeat moment of “okay, I can live like this.” Beds and pillows were excellent.

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The view from the loft room. The train station is just outside the front the lobby.

Note on scent: the hotel uses aromatherapy-type smells in the rooms, lobby and common areas. They’re from natural oils and noticeable. If you’re scent-sensitive, just be aware — it’s part of the Michelberger identity.

Breakfast at Michelberger is a meal you actually remember. Sourdough bread, jams, vegetables, cheese, the best apple I ate in my life,  — a lot of it coming from the hotel’s own farm. It reminded us of farm stays in Sweden like Stedsans: real food, not hotel buffet food. Designers we know travel to Berlin and mark this place as THE place to brunch and we get why.

Brunch at Michelberger

The Michelberger building used to be an East German factory. Now it’s full of laptops, fashion people, and families like us who are tired of standard hotels. You hear multiple languages at every table. The shared spaces are active but not chaotic. It’s rare to walk into a hotel and feel like you are part of something bigger.

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Simple but good touches: Dr. Bronner’s soap in the rooms, mesh shelves, big desks, nothing overly designed but everything considered. My husband says that’s the German way.

The location is ideal — right next to Warschauer Straße S-Bahn and U-Bahn. From there you can get anywhere in Berlin or to the airport without thinking. Michelberger is in the quirky Friedrichshain district and it’s a walk or a two-stop tram ride to the Kreuzberg district.

A party in the lobby of Michelberger
A party in the lobby of Michelberger

Berlin from Michelberger — Walkable, Raw, and Full of Side Missions

RAW-Gelände is minutes away — graffiti walls, skate ramps, concerts, bars operating out of shipping containers, and informal market days where Berliners unload boots full of old Doc Martens and Adidas. Bargain and bring a hood or umbrella because Berlin weather shifts every hour.

Once a 19th-century train repair yard (the Reichsbahn-Ausbesserungs-Werk), this abandoned industrial strip is now one of the last true subcultural zones left in central Berlin. Since being taken over by artists and outsiders in the late ’90s, it’s evolved into a graffiti-covered hub packed with clubs, bars, an indoor skate park, a climbing gym, and a Sunday flea market. It feels less like a tourist site and more like Berlin holding onto its rough edges on purpose.

Skatehalle inside RAW is a full skatepark indoors with sessions for different skill levels and even wheelchair sessions. Teens will not be bored.

Skatehalle Berlin via IG

Dog Shit Park nearby (nickname earned) is where you meet people actually living in Berlin, not touring it. We met Collin there — former snowboard film guy — who said, “You look like you want to skate and spray paint. Why did you come here? Too bad not earlier, I could have shown you the alternative Berlin” in a way only Berlin locals can.

Boxhagener Platz (Boxi) is a short walk — calm park on weekdays, full flea market on Saturdays. RAW on Sunday felt more alive and less curated than the Boxhagener Platz, with stuff that can be bought on a Chinese website and sold as trinkets.

We ate mostly vegan and Berlin makes it easy. 1990 Vegan Living — Vietnamese-style vegan bowls, tofu panko sticks — easy crowd-pleaser. About 100 Euros for a family of 4 including alcohol. You can’t make reservations and if you have a chance, choose a table on the right side if you like action and people watching.

Iro Izakaya (vegan tapas and sake) was my husband’s top meal of the entire trip. It’s supposed to be Japanese but tasted like an Asian fusion restaurant. Also about 100 Euros for a family of 4 dinner. The kids still like ramen, so noodles and Asian food was an easy way for us to please all. A ramen bowl was about 15 Euros. I didn’t love the broth and had much better vegan ramen in Japan. You can’t please everyone all of the time.

1990 Vegan Living restaurant in Berlin.

Museums weren’t a focus, but the Vintage Computer Museum was a hit (Computerspiele Museum) — kids can actually play old Sega and arcade games without time limits. DDR Museum gave the kids a practical picture of East German life — like a kibbutz apartment but with more 70s wallpaper. It was my way to warn them about Communism.

Useful Stops for Teens and People Who Like Real Shops

  • Green Fuzz – non-vintage alt clothing store, actually interesting.

  • Wollparadies Fadeninsel – right next door, full of hand-dyed wool, very Waldorf-friendly.

  • Voo  – scent and ceramic heaven, items look like they were pulled from a flea market but priced like art objects (just look, don’t commit).

  • Search and Destroy Skateshop – for kids who actually skate, not just wear skate brands.

  • There are vintage shops everywhere but they feel overpriced for someone who shops vintage in small charity shops in Canada. Even Humana, with its outlets around Berlin are very overpriced. Pop in though if you need a sexy dirndl costume for Octoberfest or a pair of Lederhosen.

Train rides in Berlin double as people-watching. Watch out for BVG tourist passes bought through an app. We made an expensive mistake, spending $250 for a 3-day local tram pass for our family. We mistakenly bought the pass that included museums free of charge, and one of the days all the museums were closed. We hadn’t intended on going to any of the museums that were free with that pass. I reached out to customer service and they said the passes are, sadly non-refundable. Try and research the passes and what you need online before your trip, and I suggest buying single ride tickets the first day you are there, to see if it’s worth for you to buy any passes. In some instances taking an Uber on short trips made it more worth our while.

Beyond that unpleasantness, the trains are great and easy to navigate. A little less easy for me than Japan.

Multicultural, relaxed, with vegan döner and kepap stands at almost everywhere outside of them. We tried Indian food one night at in Oranienstraße at Amrit (not far from the station) and it was forgettable, but a Pakistani taxi driver later told us where the “real” places were— filed for next time.

If You’ve Got a Few Days and Don’t Want the Usual

  • Use Michelberger as a base and explore everything within a 20-minute walk before you even consider museums. We heard that the Natural History Museum is great for kids –– the aquarium too. But our kids have travelled to so many large cities from Toronto to Bangkok, where these kinds of copy-paste museums seem to be a carbon copy of each other and a place to go when you need to kill time and not get the true vibe of the place.

  • Sit at RAW for an hour or a few and just watch. Get to Holstmarket 25. We didn’t make it, but it’s earmarked for our next stay.

  • Let teens spend a session or two at Skatehalle while you explore Boxi or grab coffee. Book in advance so you aren’t disappointed. Skatehalle offers a beginner’s session for kids for 20 Euros on Sunday mornings from 9 to 11. My son loved it. They have a number of drop in times throughout the week.

  • Mauerpark on Sunday for markets and karaoke

  • Look up what’s on at SO36 or About Blank instead of Googling “best nightlife.” We caught a show with the teens at Prachtwerk. Berlin works better without lists.

  • We didn’t get to the Liquidrom or Vabali spas this trip. The kids needed our full attention. Next time we will look for events at the Tempelhofer Feld, an old airstrip turned into a giant public park, and maybe a hike to Teufelsberg in Berlin, a man-made hill in the Grunewald Forest that is home to an abandoned Cold War listening station used by the US and its allies.
  • Rent a bike and drive around without a plan.

Michelberger, designed by re-use architects: Jonathan Tuckey Design in 2018, is the best home base if you can stretch to it. From there, Berlin unfolds itself without needing much planning. Don’t sweat it by booking trips.

::Michelberger

Shop at the Voo temple in Berlin

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Entrance through an alleyway to the Voo concept store in Berlin. Like Soho in the 90s.

We walked in expecting to see organic cotton clothes, but were surprised to smell a universe of alternative fragrances you won’t find at La Labo. There is a La Labo in Berlin. But we suggest you head to the hipper part of town, to Kreutzberg and stop at Voo. Not an easy price point on anything there –– Voo shirts for $800 my daughter noticed, but for a worthwhile $250 you can have a non-commercial scent that isn’t exactly bespoke, but pretty close to it. We’ve loved using natural perfumes like Ayala Moriel, but they tend to wear off quickly.

The concept shop carries clothing, a cafe, ceramics that look they fell off a flea market truck and were left behind (the kind we like best) but we couldn’t have known that Voo would be selling the smells of your autobiography. Welcome to Berlin! Voo’s selection offers something between sustainable and a commercial option although we can’t vouch for the ingredients in each bottle. A scent in their showroom called Chinese Tobacco caught our eye and nose.

Since the wall came down between East and West, Berlin has been a city of soft chaos and graffiti, attracting misfits from all over the world. The Voo perfumes, found in an alley by Green Fuzz and a great wool shop on Oranienstrasse feel like emotional codes. Here are some of the brands that are curated to be far from mainstream perfumes and scents sponsored by big money and full of artificial enhancements.

Ephemeral Dyadic – a range of perfumes made in Turkey and for those who walk home alone at night by choice. Ephemeral Dyadic is a perfume project founded in 2023 by artist Sinan Saul in a small art studio in Istanbul’s industrial district. The name ‘Ephemeral’ means ‘temporary’, while ‘Dyadic’ stands for ‘the relationship between two subjects’. Drawing inspiration from the concept that scents are fleeting but emotions are eternal, each fragrance creates a unique bond between the wearer and memory.

Ephemeral Dyadic, a brand from Istanbul
Ephemeral Dyadic, a brand from Istanbul
  • Dark Dreams — Smells like a club bathroom mirror at 3:47 AM, where you meet your own eyes and briefly believe you could start over.

  • Ozymandias — All the fallen empires of your past relationships bottled with quiet dignity.

  • Bodhi & Utah — Desert sage drifting through urban glass — a spiritual prank.

Notes de Bas de Paje is a French parfumerie d’auteur — less a fragrance brand and more a keeper of personal archives. Each extrait de parfum is treated like a fragment of memory, a page torn from a life story, meant to be worn close and shared with no one unless invited. Crafted in small volumes, deeply intimate, Notes de Bas de Paje makes perfume for people who treat scent as narrative, not accessory.

Notes de Bas de Paje

The niche perfume house founded in 2023 by Alice Gensse and Pierre‑Jr Menana. The name plays on the French term for footnote, note de bas de page. Committed to ethical, gender-neutral, and fully French production, the brand approaches fragrance as a literary gesture. Each scent is a subtle, personal, and meaningful sensory footnote that tells a story.

Some of their scents:

  • Towédé — Amber fruit drying in the sun, violet smoke rising like memory.

  • Olatua — Saltwater soul retrieval.

  • Prolégomènes — Smells like the unfinished introduction to a revolution.

19-69: Founded by Swedish artist and product developer Johan Bergelin, 19-69 takes its name from 1969, a year marked by Woodstock, the Stonewall riots, the moon landing, radical art movements, and the death of the Summer of Love. But we didn’t smell patchouli. Bergelin treats perfume like a cinematic road trip — each scent born from a place where youth culture collided with counterculture, where something ended and something more dangerous began.

19-69 perfume

Influenced by Helmut Newton flash photography, biker films, cheap motel carpets, and the romantic dirt of subculture, the brand doesn’t decorate life — it documents it. These aren’t polite fragrances; they smell like movement, migration, rebellion, and sweat drying in the sun on unfamiliar skin.

Fragrances:

  • MIAMI BLUE — Chlorine, sweat, careless decisions.

  • Chinese Tobacco — The scent of a hidden backroom where someone rolls a cigarette with ritual precision. Tobacco leaf, tea smoke, and the holy pause between inhale and exhale. Maybe it was your dad’s wine cigar in the 70s. Be transported in this scent of a time machine that can take you back and transport you into the future.

::Voo 

Regenerative circling faming with man, AI, robots and solar power

 

 

 

In the next wave of regenerative agriculture, the farm is no longer a grid of efficiency but a living circle—with the human spirit at its core. Instead of replacing the farmer, AI and robotics now orbit like silent companions, extending our hands rather than erasing them. A rotating robotic arm moves through the plot not as a master, but as an assistant, guided by ecological intelligence and human intuition. This is not automation for profit—it’s a return to sacred design, where technology becomes humble, circular, and in service to the soil, the grower, and the wider web of life.

During Covid, when the world lost its bearings and I feared the global food distribution system would snap like a dry twig, I did the only sensible thing a mother could do: I built a garden. Not a Pinterest garden, but a functional, wartime-style victory garden (download the original here), a mashup of raised Middle Eastern circular plant beds with permaculture herbs spiraling from the center, borrowing wisdom from desert farmers and American agricultural resilience manuals from the 1940s. We planted beans, cucumbers, tomatoes, molokhia (it grows faster than hemp), lettuce, zucchinis, melons and more.

The reward wasn’t just food security — it was witnessing life return. Birds began swooping low to take a peek and eat bugs during the day, chasing the pollinators that came to kiss the flowers. A watermelon I planted was one day the  size of an egg and then ballooned into a full, striped universe almost overnight, as if showing me how quickly life responds when humans step back and design with respect. Life happens!

Floris Schoonderbeek
Floris Schoonderbeek

Now, in a strange and beautiful echo of my inherited Dutch farming ancestry, a Dutch industrial designer, Floris Schoonderbeek, is proposing a new way to farm — in circles, not squares. They call it Circle Farming, an invention that I see it as a technological reverence for something ancient. Farming in circles in the Middle East isn’t new. Look from above and you will see circular crops irrigated in Libyan deserts. 

Pivot irrigation is used in California and Libya but the scale of farming takes out the “man” in the center

The Al Khufrah Oasis in southeastern Libya, near the Egyptian border (photo above is from 2004), is one of the country’s largest agricultural developments and a distinct geometric landmark of pivot irrigation is easily spotted by astronauts aboard the International Space Station. Since only about 2 percent of Libya’s land receives enough rainfall for farming, the project relies entirely on fossil water pumped from a deep underground aquifer. In tandem, the Libyan government launched the Great Man-Made River project to transport these groundwater reserves to the coast to support population growth and industrial expansion.

Today, parts of the system are still functioning, but years of conflict. the death of Gaddafi, and lack of maintenance have reduced its reliability. While water continues to reach some agricultural and urban areas, the original vision of full capacity and expansion has largely stalled.

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Circle Farming founder enjoying his work on the farm without breaking his back

But the Dutch, famous for stubbornly living and growing on land that is supposed to be emerged are updating the instead of plowing rectangles with tractors, a robotic arm is fixed at the center of a 30-meter circle. It moves slowly, like a clock hand made of steel, pulling familiar agricultural tools behind it — for weeding, watering, even harvesting — except now without carving brutal tire tracks through the earth. The land between circles is left untouched — a commons for insects, wildflowers, birds, even humans to linger. Farming becomes a woven pattern instead of an industrial grid.

Each circular strip holds a different crop, creating a precision-farming mandala that’s both productive and biodiverse. Sensors and AI whisper data back to the farmer — moisture here, pest pressure there — giving advice like an oracle rather than a command chain.

Workers aren’t expected to bend and break their spines in the fields. Instead, they lie belly-down on suspended beds attached to the rotating arm, gliding over the crops with dignity — hovering like dragonflies as they weed, prune, harvest by hand. It turns farming from grunt labor into something closer to communion with the land.

This model is being designed for small peri-urban farms, the exact kind of places that struggle to compete with industrial agriculture but carry the soul of food sovereignty. It’s automation not as replacement, but as companion. A bridge for urban people longing for meaningful work, who might rather float over lettuce than sit under fluorescent lights answering emails for a salary that buys them tasteless tomatoes.

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This is the new agricultural aesthetic: not tech versus nature, but tech in service to a more intelligent form of nature-culture. Circular design — which ancient farmers, Bedouins, and mothers like me already knew — is returning, this time with robotics and AI strapped in for the ride. What happens when farming becomes beautiful again? When robots don’t dominate, but make room for birds, wildflowers, kids, rest, and wonder?

Greenhouse farming which allows the farmer to adjust micro-specific conditions to the plant is a market dominated by Dutch and Israeli technology. Will the Dutch own regenerative farming? Given the history of farming and efficiency in both of these countries, it will be technology that will be available to all of humanity.

Read up on the history of Dutch irrigation farming

In Israel: Simcha Blass and the perfection of modern drip irrigation in Israel

::Circle Farming

My parents were killed on October 7. I am not giving up on peace for the Middle East

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Maoz Inon (me)
Maoz Inon (me)

Back in 2005, before I opened Fauzi Azar Inn in Nazareth, I gathered my family to share a simple 10-slide presentation. It showcased my vision—how a guesthouse could unlock business potential while strengthening the local community. One slide featured a photo of an old Arab mansion I’d found online, an image of what the dream could one day look like.

When I finished, the room was silent. My parents exchanged a look and then said the words that changed everything: “Maoz, if you’re going for this—we’re with you.”

They became my first partners, my first supporters, and together we turned the dream into reality.

That same spirit still drives me today. As many of you know, my beloved parents, Yaccovi and Bilha, were killed in the Hamas attack on October 7th. Since that tragic day, I have taken on a new mission: to do everything I can to help achieve peace between Israelis and Palestinians—so that others will not suffer the same fate as my family.

My parents, Yaccovi and Bilha, with my first-born, soon after the opening of Fauzi Azar Inn, in 2006

This week is the second anniversary of October 7th. War has continued to rage, the suffering in Gaza is unimaginable, and the extremist government in Israel pursues policies that harm both Palestinians and Israelis, including the remaining hostages. It has been easy to feel hopeless. But now, more than ever, and on the cusp of a potential peace plan, our work as peace-builders is urgent. Hope is not something we wait to find—it is something we create through action.

The Inn at night

As my good friend and partner Aziz Abu Sarah says: “If you must divide us, don’t divide us between Israelis and Palestinians. The only division is between those who believe in justice, peace, and equality—and those who don’t, yet.”

To advance this vision, Aziz and I have launched InterAct, a nonprofit organization with a bold mission: to achieve peace by 2030. InterAct builds trust, fosters dialogue, and creates shared spaces where Israelis and Palestinians can meet as equals. Over the past two years, we have come to realize that our message is like water for those in the desert—vital, life-giving, and desperately needed. We aspire to share this sustenance with all those seeking hope and change.

Odette Azar Shomar, Marwa Taha Abu Rany and I in the main hall of Beit Fauzi Azar.
Odette Azar Shomar, Marwa Taha Abu Rany and I in the main hall of Beit Fauzi Azar.

Last year, Aziz and I opened the 2024 TED Convention with our healing conversation. Since then, we have shared our message with millions through the media and with thousands in person—including world leaders such as the late Pope Francis and Pope Leo XIV. These milestones remind us that the world is listening, and that change is within reach.

Maoz Inon and Aziz Abu Sarah speak at SESSION 1 at TED2024: The Brave and the Brilliant, on Monday, April 15, 2024. Vancouver, BC, Canada. Photo: Ryan Lash / TED

As part of this journey, I plan to send updates on our efforts every few weeks. You can also visit the InterAct website to see upcoming events. If I’m in your neighborhood, I’d love to meet you.

When I first shared my dream of opening a guesthouse, my parents stood beside me and gave me the courage to begin. Today, as I pursue the even greater dream of peace, I ask you to stand beside me in the same way. Help me amplify our message—share our story with your friends, your communities, and your networks. The more voices join, the stronger and more unstoppable our call for peace becomes.

Here’s how you can help:

Forward this article to those you know. Forward this email to those you know and ask them to join the mailing list Invite us to speak with the media, in webinars or at public events. Share our TED talk on social media

With love and peace—by 2030,
Maoz Inon

::Interact

::Abraham Hostels

More about Maoz Inon

Born on a kibbutz in the Negev Desert, Maoz spent a year backpacking around the world when he was 22, and it was then that he discovered the power of the hostel to bring all kinds of people together and stimulate an area’s local economy.  At 28, he embarked on the Israel Trail and was inspired to bring this world of the independent backpacker to his home country.

In 2005 Maoz opened his first hostel and the first guest house in Nazareth, Fauzi Azar Inn.  He received international praise for bringing a new model for travel to Israel and sparking Nazareth’s resurgence as a destination for travelers.  In 2000 the Lonely Planet called Nazareth a city to “avoid,” while in 2011 former British Prime Minister Tony Blair came to visit Nazareth and the Fauzi Azar while in Israel, a sign of the city’s much-improved status among foreigners.

Following Fauzi, Maoz and his American friend David Landis went on to develop the Jesus Trail, a walking trail through the northern region of Israel.  The project was intended to stimulate and support the local economy in smaller, out-of-the-way Israeli towns and also bridge cultural gaps by trekking through currently and historically significant sites for Christians, Jews & Muslims.  This project was also noted by international media as a positive development for Israeli tourism.

In 2006 Maoz met Yaron Burgin, who was staying as a guest at Fauzi Azar.  After talking and brainstorming, the two proceeded to create ILH – Israel Hostels, a network of Israeli hostels with high standards of cleanliness, true backpackers’ vibes, affordable prices and “more than a bed to sleep in.”

It became clear that Jerusalem needed an ILH-style hostel, and Maoz teamed up with Gal, Dror, Nitzan, and Yaron, to create it.  The five opened their dream hostel in the city center of Jerusalem, and Maoz saw his dream for Israel and the Middle East realized one step further.

 

Images of Assomption Island development show extensive beach development

Assumption Island, Assomption, before and after Assets Group
Before and after Qatari development on Assomption Island. Image was sent to us and is believed to show development up until at least June, 2025.

The damage appeared on Google Earth, and then was somehow scrubbed: but we have obtained a before and after photo of Qatari development on Assomption Island in the Seychelles. The same images appear on the landsat open source data supplied by EU’s Copernicus. Why this matters? Assomption Island, one of Seychelles’ Outer Islands lying just 25 miles from Aldabra Atoll, is being rapidly transformed by large-scale construction despite global concern over its ecological importance.

https://dataspace.copernicus.eu/
Image from dataspace.copernicus.eu from June, 2025 shows what Google Earth does not see: an extended runway from shore to shore and sites developed for luxury villas all along turtle nesting sites.

Once lightly inhabited and largely recovering after decades of limited human activity, Assomption is now the site of major earthworks, dredging, and runway expansion for an ultra-luxury development on the beach –– that conservationists say could permanently alter the island’s environment and threaten nearby Aldabra, a UNESCO World Heritage Site known as the “outpost of evolution.”

Aldabra and Assomption (sometimes spelled Assumption) Islands

Photographs and satellite images taken between approximately 2023 and June 2025 show widespread clearing of dunes and vegetation, the extension of the airstrip across the center of the island, and the preparation of foundations for as many as 40 villas. The development, backed by Qatari investors through a company Assets Group, aims to create a luxury resort enclave marketed to the ultra-wealthy. Only the ultra wealthy can hope to dive around the atoll. Getting there means a small plane into Assomption and then a charter boat to the island. Guests need to sleep on the boat. Read this personal account of being a dive master at Aldabra Atoll.

Jeanne Mortimer in her early days with the tortoises and turtles in the Seychelles
Jeanne Mortimer in her early days with the tortoises and turtles in the Seychelles

Conservation groups, including Friends of Aldabra and Seychelles at Heart, say the project has proceeded without proper environmental oversight and in violation of Seychelles’ own constitutional protections guaranteeing citizens the right to a healthy environment.

Environmentalists have warned that Assomption’s beaches are vital nesting sites for green and hawksbill turtles and that dredging and construction will destroy their breeding grounds. One widely circulated photograph released by Friends of Aldabra shows a dead turtle crushed in the sand by machinery.

Damaged turtle on Assomption Island
Damaged turtle on Assomption Island via Friends of Aldabra

Researchers who have studied the island for decades describe it as a key ecological buffer for Aldabra, helping to protect the atoll from pollution, invasive species, and light disturbance. If Assomption’s natural systems collapse, they warn, Aldabra could be next.

In September, two Seychellois citizens, Victoria Duthil and Lucie Harter, filed a constitutional petition in the Supreme Court of Seychelles to halt the project, arguing that it undermines the country’s environmental laws and its international obligations under UNESCO conventions. The petition targets the government, which granted the development lease and continues to issue work permits despite the legal challenge. The lawsuit has become a rallying point for citizens alarmed by the scale of change occurring on the remote island and by the lack of transparency surrounding the project. This issue will probably determine the next election in the Seychelles.

Victoria Duthil and Lucie Harter at Supreme Court to file constitutional petition
Victoria Duthil and Lucie Harter at Supreme Court to file constitutional petition

An Environmental and Social Impact Assessment for the resort identified major long-term risks to turtle nesting, dune stability, and coastal habitats, yet many of its recommendations appear to have been ignored. Conservationists say the new lighting and air traffic alone will devastate nocturnal wildlife. Beach dredging, they add, has already altered currents and sediment flows, increasing the risk of erosion and devastating turtle nesting sites. Pollution and runoff from the site in water and by air are expected to travel toward Aldabra, which hosts 100,000 giant tortoises and some of the most diverse coral ecosystems in the world. Every visitor to that island must have their clothing and shoes checked for the tiniest of seeds.

Developers have advertised the Assomption project as a sustainable tourism venture that will bring jobs and foreign revenue to Seychelles. They have hired a British PR firm called the PC Agency headed by Paul Charles and a Swedish “environmentalist” photographer Jesper Anhede to scout locations and to court buyers and “eco” builders. We reached out to Charles and Jesper to which there has been receipt of our inquiries, but no comments made. Jesper blocked us on Instagram.

Jesper Anhede, hired by Qatar to be their environmental photographer and liaison to the west.

Environmental groups like Friends of Aldabra are worried because they counter that the resort’s marketing materials promise exclusive access to Aldabra, a strict conservation zone closed to mass tourism. They warn that the development of Assomption creates an open channel—physical and economic—between Aldabra and the luxury market, undermining decades of conservation policy designed to keep the atoll isolated from human disturbance.

The controversy comes at a politically fragile moment. National elections remain undecided, with about 10 candidates facing pressure to define their positions on the Outer Islands. We spoke with one candidate, Marco Francis, candidate of the Seychelles United Movement, who has pledged to strengthen protections for Seychelles’ marine reserves and eradicate corruption. The outcome of the election may determine whether construction on Assomption is paused, reversed, or expanded.

Aldabra Atoll in the Indian Ocean is one of the largest raised coral reefs in the world. This atoll, consisting of coral islands ringing a shallow lagoon, is known for the hundreds of endemic species—including the Aldabra giant tortoise—that live there. According to UNESCO, Aldabra contains “one of the most important natural habitats for studying evolutionary and ecological processes.”
Marco Francis has made protecting this island as part of his election campaign

Until recently, Assomption had been protected under national environmental frameworks, serving as a controlled buffer to Aldabra’s strictly protected ecosystem. Conservationists say that status has now been effectively removed. What began as a quiet island has become a construction hub for a luxury enclave which will give access to Aldabra and other isolated islands that most Seychellois, a nation of 120,000, will never see.

Environmental observers argue that the issue is larger than Assomption alone. It symbolizes the growing global tension between development and conservation in fragile island states.  If this project continues unchecked, the “outpost of evolution” may be destroyed.

Aldabra faces another global problem — plastic pollution washing up from across the Indian Ocean. Cleaning it up would cost millions. Even a lost flip-flop from Zanzibar can end up on its beaches.

Get educated about protecting Aldabra Atoll:

Seychelles activists sue government for Qatari development on turtle nesting sites

Victoria Duthil and Lucie Harter at Supreme Court to file constitutional petition
Victoria Duthil and Lucie Harter at Supreme Court to file constitutional petition

 

We’ve covered the story of rats and royalty at the Seychelles Islands extensively and the next step in stopping the construction of Qatari villas on turtle nesting sites is led by two Seychellois citizens — Victoria Duthil (from Friends of Aldabra) and Lucie Harter (from Seychelles at Heart). Can the right thing trump money?

The duo have filed a petition in the Constitutional Court of Seychelles seeking an injunction to stop construction of a luxury Qatari hotel development on Assomption Island, 20 miles from the Aldabra Atoll UNESCO World Heritage Site. It is known as the “outpost of evolution” but biologists are worried it will be a playground for rich Middle Easterners.

The Adabra atoll is known as the outpost for evolution.
The Aldabra Atoll is known as the outpost for evolution.

The Seychelles’ UNESCO island is under threat from luxury development with not so clean Qatari funds. And we have spoken with a handful of environmentalists, scientists and biologists on how wrong this Qatari project is. You can read the whole background on the story below in a series of articles we have posted.

As we speak, critical turtle nesting sites are being bulldozed, the island being sold by the government in a 70-year lease and with a blind eye.

The petition filed last month invokes Article 38 of the Seychelles Constitution (the right to a clean, healthy and ecologically balanced environment).

 

In the image you can see that the beachfront has been dredged. This is a critical turtle nesting site. Via Friends of Aldabra
In the image you can see that the beachfront has been dredged. This is a critical turtle nesting site. Via Friends of Aldabra

Assomption Island is next to the Aldabra Atoll, a UNESCO World Heritage Site globally recognised as one of the most important biodiversity hotspots on Earth. After decades of human degradation, Assomption was showing signs of ecological recovery, serving as a key habitat for sea turtles, butterflies, and other insects.

The Qatari-led construction project poses a serious risk of irreversible harm to these fragile ecosystems, threatening to undo decades of conservation work in the Outer Islands. 

The claimants say that “legal action was taken to safeguard the constitutional right of every Seychellois to live in and enjoy a clean, healthy, and ecologically balanced environment, as stated in Article 38 of the Constitution of Seychelles.”

Stop Notice

From the outset, “we have reported that this development has proceeded without transparency or legal safeguards. The Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) was conducted by an NGO with financial and governance ties to the project contractor, raising serious concerns about conflict of interest. 

“Construction began before any environmental accountability had been assigned: no environmental officer was present, no monitoring was in place, and the biosecurity protocol ignored—despite this being critical to prevent invasive species from devastating island ecosystems.”

Green Prophet interviewed turtle expert Jeanne Mortimer earning her the title of Madame Torti in the Seychelles. She was not consulted about how to safeguard the turtles but knows how it can be done.

Jeanne Mortimer in her early days with the tortoises and turtles in the Seychelles

“There is a lot going on behind the scenes related to Assomption. Actually I am somewhat optimistic. We will see…” Jeanne Mortimer told Green Prophet today. Our video with her has gone viral.

According to Mongabay and various NGO and media reports, the PR agency named The PC Agency is being used by Assets Group to promote the development and its narrative (for example, offering tourism packages). Also, Mongabay says that the London-based PR company: “Through a website run by its PR firm, the PC Agency, Assets Group has made it clear it is offering tourists an Aldabra islands package not limited to Assomption Island.”

“In May 2025, the Planning Authority issued a Stop Notice for these violations, but it appears to have been immediately waived or disregarded. Since then, evidence has surfaced of unauthorised dredging, light pollution visible from Aldabra that disrupts the behaviour of both terrestrial and marine species, and a photo of a gravely injured giant tortoise.”

It is common for Middle East developers to hire Londoners and Europeans to greenwash development projects in the Middle East. It is happening currently in Saudi Arabia with its Neom mega project.

Iranian architect Ronak Roshan tells Green Prophet greenwashing is happening by respected international organizations, including the greenwashing by the Aga Khan Foundation in promoting projects on islands that are definitely not good for turtles, nature or the environment. She writes her piece on Green Prophet from her home in Iran. And what they are doing on Hormuz Island.

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Not a green project on Hormuz Island, but greenwashing

Green Prophet has not received any comment from Assets Group. Or Aga Khan.

Follow Friends of Aladbra if you want to help and get involved.

Further reading on Green Prophet

Has climate change created the first grue jay?

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A rare hybrid bird identified in a suburb of San Antonio, Texas (center panel, credit: Brian Stokes) is the result of mating between a male blue jay (left, credit: Travis Maher/Cornell Lab of Ornithology/Macaulay Library) and a female green jay (right, credit: Dan O’Brien/Cornell Lab of Ornithology/Macaulay Library).
A rare hybrid bird identified in a suburb of San Antonio, Texas (center panel, credit: Brian Stokes) is the result of mating between a male blue jay (left, credit: Travis Maher/Cornell Lab of Ornithology/Macaulay Library) and a female green jay (right, credit: Dan O’Brien/Cornell Lab of Ornithology/Macaulay Library).

Years ago, when I was studying biology at the University of Toronto, the textbook example of climate-driven evolution was the case of the peppered moth. Two color forms — one white, one black — told a simple story of natural selection: in the soot-choked air of industrial England, the darker moths survived better because they were harder for predators to see.

Now, in a new twist on species diversity, ornithologists are witnessing not just color changes, but the blending of entire species. In Texas, a green jay and a blue jay — birds separated by seven million years of evolution — have produced a hybrid offspring. Their unexpected creation, likely spurred by climate change as both species’ ranges expand and overlap, has earned a nickname as curious as its colors: the “grue jay.”

Related: These birds pick apart the dead at green funerals in Iran

Biologists at The University of Texas at Austin have reported discovering a wild bird that appears to be the natural hybrid of a green jay and a blue jay—a cross that may be one of the first known to result from climate-driven range shifts.

Brian Stokes

“We think it’s the first observed vertebrate that’s hybridized as a result of two species both expanding their ranges due, at least in part, to climate change,” said Brian Stokes, a graduate student in ecology, evolution and behavior at UT Austin and first author of the study published in Ecology and Evolution.

The green jay (Cyanocorax yncas), a tropical bird found across Central America and southern Texas, and the blue jay (Cyanocitta cristata), a temperate species native to eastern North America, are separated by roughly seven million years of evolution. Until recently, their ranges rarely overlapped. In the 1950s, green jays reached only the southern tip of Texas, while blue jays ranged as far west as Houston. But as climate change has warmed and dried parts of Texas, green jays have pushed north and blue jays west, their territories now overlapping around San Antonio.

Stokes discovered the unusual bird while monitoring social media posts by birders to locate potential study sites. A homeowner northeast of San Antonio posted a photo of a mysterious blue bird with a black mask and white chest. “The first day, we tried to catch it, but it was really uncooperative,” said Stokes.

This is how you make a grue jay
This is how you make a grue jay

“But the second day, we got lucky.”

The bird was caught using a mist net, briefly examined, and released after a small blood sample was taken for genetic testing. Analysis by Stokes and his advisor, Tim Keitt, a professor of integrative biology at UT Austin, confirmed the bird was the male hybrid offspring of a green jay mother and a blue jay father.

Related: Arava powers up solar energy in Texas

Interestingly, a similar hybrid was created in captivity in the 1970s and preserved at the Fort Worth Museum of Science and History—and it looks nearly identical to the wild specimen observed by Stokes.

“Hybridization is probably way more common in the natural world than researchers know about because there’s just so much inability to report these things happening,” Stokes said. “And it’s probably possible in a lot of species that we just don’t see because they’re physically separated from one another and so they don’t get the chance to try to mate.”
The research was supported by a ConTex Collaborative Research Grant through the UT System, the Texas EcoLab Program, and Planet Texas 2050, a university-wide climate resilience initiative.

While the researchers didn’t name the bird, some observers have informally dubbed it the “grue jay”—a playful nod to other naturally occurring hybrids such as the grolar bear (polar bear–grizzly mix), coywolf (coyote–wolf), and narluga (narwhal–beluga).

Italy’s energy company Eni adds Italian flair for design in industrial fusion reactor

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Eni’s Tokomak for making fusion happen – a flair for Italian design

Fusion energy is hard to create and it’s hard to explain. Brian gives a great background here. International design and innovation office CRA-Carlo Ratti Associati and architect Italo Rota, together with Italy’s energy company Eni, present a project dedicated to magnetic confinement fusion, one of the most innovative technologies for the decarbonization of energy systems. The project showcases the mock-up of a Tokamak reactor, built within a former gasholder in Rome, Italy, in order to inform visitors about this breakthrough technology with Italian flair.

It was released in 2022. 

The project by CRA and Italo Rota is part of Maker Faire Rome, Europe’s leading event for the community of Makers. It is situated in the site of Gazometro Ostiense, one of the foremost symbols of the Italian capital’s modern industrial heritage, located just three kilometers southwest of the Colosseum. Inside a 50-meter-high, 40-meter-wide gasholder, visitors can explore the conceptual model of a Tokamak, a fundamental component in magnetic confinement technology processes. After an ascending path, people can access inside the Tokamak. Here, within a red-lit circular corridor, a series of multimedia content narrates the technology and its ongoing scientific investigations.

Eni's Tokomak for making fusion happen - a flair for Italian design

 “Magnetic confinement fusion is a clean technology that has the potential to be one of tomorrow’s key decarbonization solutions,” comments Carlo Ratti, founder of CRA and Director of the MIT Senseable City Lab. “With the project, we wanted to start an open-design process to imagine how fusion power plants will be integrated in sub-urban areas – prompting makers and architects alike to join a discussion on our future energy landscape.” 

“We have the chance to explore new forms of storytelling about energy,” adds Italo Rota, co-designer of the installation. “We believe that design is a powerful tool to turn a narration into an experience, allowing visitors to sense the energy while being surrounded by a unique atmosphere.”

Eni's Tokomak for making fusion happen - a flair for Italian design

The project follows Eni’s work on magnetic confinement, which has been unfolding in the last few years through a series of academic collaborations – most notably, with the MIT Plasma Science and Fusion Center (PSFC) – and the energy company Commonwealth Fusion Systems (CFS). During the process of magnetic confinement, the fusion of two hydrogen nuclei releases an enormous amount of energy, similarly to how it happens inside the sun and other stars. The most substantial advantage of this technology is that it does not emit greenhouse gases or highly polluting or highly radioactive substances. Furthermore, it is safe and virtually inexhaustible. 

In the past years, CRA has been developing several energy-related projects on different scales: from the Helsinki Hot Heart, a series of islands with the dual function of thermal energy storage – currently the largest urban decarbonization project in the world – and recreational public spaces, to the masterplan for MIND (Milan Innovation District) to CapitaSpring, a 280-meter-tall high-rise oasis in Singapore designed together with BIG – Bjarke Ingels Group.

Over the past years, CRA and Eni have been collaborating to promote new forms of circularity and sustainable energy production. Their projects have been showcased at international events such as the Maker Faire in Rome, Milan Design Week, and Expo Dubai 2020.

Armenia’s captive brown bears and how we can stop the illegal practice

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Captive Armenian bears

In May 2025, a shocking rescue in Yerevan, Armenia, brought global attention to a longstanding problem in the Caucasus: wild bears kept in cages as tourist curiosities, “pets,” or backyard mascots. Three Syrian brown bears – Aram, Nairi, and their daughter, Lola – were liberated after years of abuse in filthy cages. Their rescue, led by the Foundation for the Preservation of Wildlife and Cultural Assets (FPWC) with support from International Animal Rescue (IAR), revealed not just one family’s suffering, but a broader pattern that persists across the country.

For decades, bears in Armenia and neighboring regions have been captured and displayed in shocking conditions where It has been common for businesses to keep a bear chained in a small cage to attract diners or tourists. Wealthy or rural families sometimes treat bears as status symbols, confining them in sheds or cages without proper care. Adult bears are often bred, and their cubs sold into a cycle of captivity—sometimes to other private owners, sometimes abroad.

Alan Knight, President of International Animal Rescue, who was at the rescue, said: “These were some of the worst conditions I have ever seen. The stench, the filth, the sheer cruelty of locking these animals up in tiny cages and feeding them cola, it was absolutely horrific.”

Related: in Canada you can eat bears, here is how

This happens in Armenia not because of religious practice, but mostly from cultural tradition, economic motives, and weak enforcement of animal welfare laws. Bears in Armenia are iconic symbols of strength and survival, and some people wrongly believe they can be “tamed.” In reality, such captivity leads only to neglect, suffering, and the gradual decline of wild bear populations.

Rescued Armenian bear needs a dentist after being fed soda and junk food

Tourists may unwittingly fuel the problem. When visitors stop at a roadside café to take selfies with a caged bear or when they “like” such photos on social media, it signals to owners that keeping bears is profitable. That’s why tourists can play a crucial role in stopping this cruelty. Don’t take selfies with bears!

What tourists can do when you see a bear or any wild animal like a drunk monkey or snake being exploited:  Don’t dine, stay, or spend money in places where animals are caged for entertainment, even if the kids beg. If you see a captive bear in Armenia (or elsewhere in the region), take discreet photos or videos and share them with local animal welfare groups such as FPWC, IAR, or international NGOs. These tip-offs are often what trigger investigations and rescues. The links are below.

Visit or donate to ethical wildlife sanctuaries, where rescued bears live in naturalistic environments and receive proper care. And yes, thanks to local activists and global attention, progress is being made. Armenia has strengthened its wildlife protection laws in recent years, and NGOs have successfully rescued dozens of bears. Sanctuaries in Urtsadzor and beyond are giving once-abused animals safe new homes. But rescues remain expensive, slow, and dependent on public pressure and donations.

Brown Bears Can and Do Attack

While it is tragic to see brown bears caged and abused, it is equally important to remember that these are not domesticated animals. Brown bears are among the most powerful carnivores on Earth, capable of inflicting fatal injuries on humans when provoked or surprised. Their sheer size, strength, and unpredictability make them both awe-inspiring and dangerous.

An unforgettable account of this truth is told by the French writer and anthropologist Nastassja Martin in her memoir In the Eye of the Wild (Croire aux fauves). In 2015, while conducting fieldwork on the Kamchatka Peninsula in Siberia, Martin was attacked by a brown bear. The bear crushed part of her skull and jaw in a brief but violent encounter.

Martin survived — but her story is not just about survival. The book, translated into English by Sophie R. Lewis, weaves memoir, anthropology, and philosophy into a haunting reflection on what it means to live through trauma. She explores not only the physical scars but also the metaphysical dimension of her experience, suggesting that encounters with wildness force us to rethink the boundaries between humans and animals, nature and culture, fear and reverence like the forthcoming book Bearland, by Karin Kloosterman.

A Global Problem of Tourist Sideshows

Sadly, Armenia is not alone. Around the world, wild animals are drugged, chained, or mutilated to entertain tourists.

In Thailand we have seen monkeys are often drugged and forced to perform tricks, take photos with tourists, or ride bicycles in “shows.” Behind the scenes, they live in chains and suffer permanent trauma.

In Morocco (Marrakesh) we have seen snake charmers display cobras and vipers in public squares, often with their fangs removed or mouths sewn shut. The snakes slowly starve or die from infection, replaced by more animals taken from the wild.

In Europe and the Middle East birds of prey are tethered for selfies, and lion cubs are illegally traded as exotic pets.

::International Animal Rescue

::Foundation for the Preservation of Wildlife and Cultural Assets

World Green Economy Summit 2025: Sandeep Chandna’s Mission to Make Sustainability Core to Business Strategy

Sandeep Chadna
Tech Mahindra’s Sandeep Chadna

At this year’s World Green Economy Summit 2025, Tech Mahindra’s Chief Sustainability Officer, Sandeep Chandna, is not mincing words. In an exclusive conversation with Green Prophet, he insists that sustainability has outgrown its role as a corporate side-project. Forget box-ticking ESG reports — Chandna says the future belongs to companies bold enough to treat sustainability as their core strategy for innovation, resilience, and survival.

Why does this matter? Because Tech Mahindra isn’t just talking the talk. It’s the first Indian company to win the Terra Carta Seal from King Charles III, ranked #2 globally for IT services on the S&P Dow Jones Sustainability Indices, and is already cutting emissions with AI-powered tools and a growing renewable energy footprint. Chandna reveals how putting a price on carbon inside the company — $12 a ton — is changing investment decisions, and how platforms like i.GreenFinance are pushing banks and institutions toward measurable green impact.

For those still treating ESG as a PR exercise, this is a warning shot. Chandna’s message is clear: sustainability is no longer optional. It’s the new operating system for business — one that could define winners and losers in the decade ahead.

Green Prophet: At the World Green Economy Summit 2025, what key message will you be delivering to global sustainability leaders?

Sandeep Chandna – Chief Sustainability Officer, Tech Mahindra:

At the World Green Economy Summit 2025, our core message will be clear: sustainability must shift from being a compliance checkbox to a strategic, purpose-driven imperative that powers innovation, resilience, and inclusive growth. We stand at a critical inflection point where ESG is no longer a reporting exercise, it is the blueprint for future-ready enterprises. We want to spotlight how digital transformation, when purposefully aligned with climate and social goals, can catalyze systemic change. Tech Mahindra’s journey, from pioneering green IT to launching AI-powered sustainability platforms, demonstrates that technology is an enabler and a force multiplier. We will also advocate for cross-sector collaboration, urging leaders to move beyond silos and co-create solutions that honor both planetary boundaries and human aspirations.

How does Tech Mahindra’s role as the only Indian company with the Terra Carta Seal influence your global positioning in sustainability?

Being awarded the Terra Carta Seal by His Majesty King Charles III is both an honor and a mandate. It places Tech Mahindra among a select cohort of global companies recognized for credible, science-aligned transition strategies. As the First Indian recipient, it amplifies our voice in international sustainability dialogues and affirms our leadership in climate-conscious innovation. The Seal validates our commitment to nature-positive solutions, from smart infrastructure to green software. It also strengthens our engagement with standards and frameworks like the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) 2021, Sustainability Accounting Standards Board (SASB), International Sustainability Standards Board’s (ISSB) IFRS S1 and S2 standards, Business Responsibility and Sustainability Reporting (BRSR), International Integrated Reporting Council (IIRC), Taskforce on Climate-related Financial Disclosures (TCFD), Taskforce on Nature-Related Financial Disclosures (TNFD), and Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Protocol standards. More than recognition, it is a call to action: to lead with integrity, scale impact, and inspire others across industries and borders.

You’ve been ranked #1 in India and #2 globally in the S&P Dow Jones Sustainability Indices for IT services. How do you translate such rankings into tangible real-world impact?

These rankings are a testament to our rigor and transparency across ESG dimensions, but their true value lies in how we operationalize them. At Tech Mahindra, we have embedded sustainability into the DNA of our business. From reducing Scope 1 and 2 emissions by over 31% since 2016 to sourcing 31% renewable energy across owned campuses, our actions speak louder than metrics. We have achieved Zero Waste to Landfill certification at key locations and implemented ESG-aligned procurement protocols. These outcomes benefit the environment, enhance stakeholder trust, drive cost efficiencies, and position us as a preferred partner for purpose-driven customers.

Can you share a project or initiative where your sustainability strategy delivered measurable results for both the business and the environment?

One of our most impactful initiatives has been the transition to renewable energy across our campuses. Through strategic investments in solar infrastructure and green power purchase agreements, we have achieved a 31% renewable energy mix at owned locations and nearly 23% globally. This has led to a 31% reduction in Scope 1 and 2 emissions compared to our 2016 baseline. Beyond environmental gains, the initiative has delivered tangible business benefits, lower operational costs, enhanced energy resilience, and stronger ESG credentials. Complementing this is our green mobility program, which promotes electric vehicle adoption and sustainable commuting, further reinforcing our commitment to climate-positive action.

With a goal of carbon neutrality by 2030 and net zero by 2035, what innovations or policies will be most critical in reaching these targets?

Achieving these ambitious milestones demands a holistic and forward-looking strategy. Our internal carbon pricing, currently set at $12 per metric ton, serves as a financial compass, guiding investments toward low-carbon alternatives. We are aggressively scaling renewable energy adoption, targeting 90% sourcing by 2030. Innovations such as AI-driven energy optimization, smart buildings, and digital twins are being deployed to enhance operational efficiency. Policy-wise, we are aligning with SBTi-approved Net Zero targets and embedding ESG criteria into procurement and vendor governance. These levers, technology, policy, and behavioral transformation are essential to decarbonizing our value chain while sustaining growth and competitiveness.

How is internal carbon pricing changing decision-making within Tech Mahindra?

Our internal carbon pricing mechanism has fundamentally reshaped how we evaluate investments and operational decisions. By assigning a tangible cost to carbon, $12 per metric ton, we have embedded climate risk into our financial modeling and strategic planning. This approach incentivizes low-carbon innovation, accelerates renewable energy adoption, and ensures that sustainability is a core consideration in everything from facility upgrades to supply chain choices. It is a cultural shift that reinforces our commitment to responsible growth and climate stewardship. It empowers teams to make decisions that are not only economically sound but environmentally aligned.

Could you elaborate on how platforms like i.Greenfinance are helping clients accelerate their own sustainability journeys?

AI platform for green finance

i.GreenFinance is a transformative platform that enables financial institutions to embed sustainability into their lending and investment decisions through automated ESG scoring with sector-specific KPI weighting. For instance, carbon emissions are prioritized in energy lending, while biodiversity and land-use practices take precedence in agriculture. These weights are fully adjustable to reflect regional requirements, regulatory frameworks, and institutional sustainability policies.

Built on an API-first architecture, the platform integrates seamlessly into existing Loan Origination Systems, enabling smart green loan underwriting where sustainability insights and ESG scores are embedded directly into credit decisioning workflows without disrupting core banking systems. Beyond origination, i.GreenFinance provides post-approval tracking of loan proceeds to ensure disbursed funds support their intended sustainable projects, from renewable energy deployment to green infrastructure upgrades. This delivers transparency and accountability for both lenders and borrowers.

The platform combines taxonomy mapping, feasibility reporting, and real-time analytics to provide comprehensive views of project viability and climate risk. These outputs are designed to support internal decision-making, helping lenders evaluate applications, monitor fund usage, and align portfolios with global sustainability standards.

With high configurability, i.GreenFinance adapts to each institution’s policies, product mix, and regional context. By making ESG performance sector-specific, customizable, auditable, and trackable across the loan lifecycle, the platform empowers institutions to move from intent to measurable impact, accelerating their journey toward responsible finance and net zero alignment.

What role will AI, IoT, and other emerging technologies play in driving sustainability transformations for global clients?

With the emergence of Generative AI, we’re solving sustainability’s most pressing challenges at unprecedented scale. i.GreenFinance exemplifies this innovation, delivering smart green loan underwriting, feasibility analysis, and real-time proceeds tracking that transforms how financial institutions approach sustainable lending.

Beyond finance, we’re tackling complex sustainability challenges using agentic AI across ESG reporting automation, dynamic materiality assessment, climate risk evaluation, supply chain assessments, and document intelligence. These solutions address a critical pain point for large enterprises, interoperability across multiple reporting regimes including CSRD, ISSB, SFDR, and regional taxonomies. Our platforms automatically harmonize data across frameworks, ensuring sustainability information is configurable, actionable, and audit ready.

IoT technology complements our AI capabilities by feeding real-time sensor data from assets, buildings, and infrastructure directly into our platforms. This integration enables continuous monitoring, predictive analytics, and early-warning systems for emissions tracking, energy efficiency optimization, and resource usage management—transforming raw operational data into actionable sustainability insights that drive immediate decision-making.

The convergence of AI and IoT creates intelligent sustainability ecosystems that provide 360-degree visibility into environmental performance. Organizations can now identify inefficiencies before they occur, optimize resource allocation in real-time, and demonstrate measurable progress toward sustainability goals with unprecedented precision.

Together, AI and IoT are redefining sustainability, making it smarter, faster, and measurable while empowering organizations to evolve from reactive compliance to proactive strategic foresight and value creation. This technological revolution enables businesses to anticipate risks, capitalize on opportunities, and accelerate their transformation toward sustainable operations.

Your first TNFD report integrates nature-related risks into corporate strategy. How will this shape future investments and operations?

Our TNFD-aligned disclosures mark a strategic evolution, from climate-centric reporting to nature-inclusive governance. By assessing dependencies on biodiversity, water, waste management and ecosystem services, we are embedding nature risk into investment decisions, site planning, and supply chain management. Future expansions will be evaluated for financial viability and ecological integrity. We are developing nature-positive KPIs and integrating them into our ESG dashboards, ensuring that regeneration is part of our strategy. Our proactive efforts to manage nature-related risks and seize opportunities reflect our dedication to creating long-term value for our stakeholders while safeguarding the environment. We understand that the journey towards sustainability is ongoing, and we are committed to continuously improving our practices and strategies to meet the evolving challenges of our global ecosystem. TNFD is helping us future-proof our business, align with planetary boundaries, and contribute meaningfully to global biodiversity goals.

Beyond corporate targets, what legacy do you hope Tech Mahindra’s sustainability strategy will leave for the industry and the planet?

We aspire to leave behind a legacy of transformation, where sustainability is a catalyst for systemic change. We want to demonstrate that purpose-driven technology can solve complex global challenges, from climate resilience to social equity. By embedding ESG into our core strategy, launching nature-positive platforms, and championing inclusive innovation, we aim to inspire a paradigm shift across industries. If we can help reframe sustainability as a source of value, trust, and regeneration, then our legacy will be one of leadership in building a better future for generations to come.

::Tech Mahindra 

 

Blackdot’s painless AI-based tattoos will make inked skin less taboo?

Blackdot's AI-powered tattoo device
Blackdot’s AI-powered tattoo device

Tattoo artists might be wondering if they will be out of jobs, or just able to license their NFT designs to a computer? A new Austin-based startup called Blackdot says it has built an AI-powered tattoo machine that is safer and less painful than getting a human-applied tattoo.

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Called Aero for Artist Enabled Robotic Operator, Blackdot’s machine uses computer vision, fine control, and very shallow needle penetration to reduce discomfort. It is now installed at Bang Bang in New York, and already operating in Austin.

In some areas of medicine, robotics and machine learning have changed the name of the game and survival outcome for removing cancers like prostate. Robotics can help a human operator be more precise, but are we ready to hand over the controls?

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Do we want a machine that takes the craft out of the hand of the artist? I make pottery out of earth because I believe there is spirit in matter. Is a tattoo applied by a machine giving the same vibes as a potter’s mug made in a factory or a violin made on a machine?

Nuanced designs, without the pain

According to the people at Aero, the device tattoos in dot-based grayscale patterns, applying many minute points rather than deep continuous lines — a technique they say limits pain and improves precision.

Precision in the design

 

 

One upside: fewer tattoos gone wrong?

Tattoos, not just in hipster times, have long carried a dual identity: as personal art but also no small part of getting a tattoo is about the pain and the act of bodily risk. Also, I wonder: does a machine-made tattoos open up the practice of skin art at a time when researchers are calling us to pay attention to the risks of the materials in tattoos and a possible link to auto-immune diseases and cancer. As there is little regulation, there is little known about the long-term health effects of tattooing.

What do the world’s religions say about tattoos?

From a Islamic perspective, tattooing is generally considered prohibited (haram) in many schools of thought. The Prophet Muhammad is narrated in hadith literature to have cursed both the tattooer and the tattooed (for altering the creation of God). Some scholars argue that tattoos break the ritual purity (ablution, or wudu) because they alter the skin surface.

We find some literature to back up the Islamic prohibition: ‘Abd-Allaah ibn Mas’ood said: “May Allah curse the women who do tattoos and those for whom tattoos are done, those who pluck their eyebrows and those who file their teeth for the purpose of beautification and alter the creation of Allah.” (Al-Bukhari, al-Libas, 5587; Muslim, al-Libas, 5538).

In parts of Lebanon, Iraq, and Iran, some Shiite communities have historically tolerated or quietly practiced tattooing, especially small religious motifs (like the names of Imams or sacred symbols). And among younger Shiites, especially in diaspora communities, tattoos are increasingly popular as personal or religious expression — though clerical authorities still discourage them.

A Shiite tattoo of Hezbollah’s late leader Hassan Nasrallah in Lebanon, via AP

In Judaism, tattoos are often discouraged based on Torah injunctions and Levitical prohibitions, and tattoos are not encouraged at all.  It is permitted to remove a tattoo and pierce your ears. That said many Jewish people do get tattoos. Common ones include the Tree of Life symbol, Hebrew and biblical expressions (The Nation of Israel Lives), and some people get tattoos of their grandparent’s numbers printed on them during the Holocaust.

Orly Weintraub Gilad has her grandfather's Auschwitz number, A-12599, tattooed on her arm. John Jeffay for the Conversation
Orly Weintraub Gilad has her grandfather’s Auschwitz number, A-12599, tattooed on her arm. John Jeffay for the Conversation
Razzouk Tattoo since 1300!

In Christian traditions, the picture is more varied. Some conservative or literalist communities may discourage tattoos, particularly when associated with body modification or vanity, but there is no universally binding doctrine rejecting them. Many churches do not formally forbid tattoos, leaving it to individual conscience, church culture, or pastoral guidance. This blog offers some history of Christian tattoos in Jerusalem. The author points out that some conservative or literalist groups still reject tattoos outright, holding to Leviticus as binding.

Many other Christians see tattoos as a matter of conscience, arguing that Old Testament prohibitions were tied to ritual purity, pagan associations, or covenant identity, and are not binding in the same way after Christ. In some traditions (like the Razzouk family in Jerusalem), tattooing is even a Christian devotional act, marking pilgrimage and identity.

Unlike in Abrahamic religions, tattoos (godna in Hindi) have been widely practiced in Hindu culture for centuries. Tribal and rural communities across India have used tattoos for spiritual protection, identity, and beauty. Some designs are linked to deities, mantras, or cosmic symbols.

What about the art of it?

Almost painless tattoos may worry tattoo artists who will be out of jobs unless they figure out how to sell designs as NFTs, and also people who may more liberally get tattoos without possible health or spiritual implications.

In Sci-Fi dystopia, we’ve reported on how tattoos can be used for nefarious purposes, such as IDing and tracking people. Such as the tattoo below, from MIT Media Lab.

Designers from MIT Media Lab have teamed with Microsoft Research on a project to develop “smart tats” able to interface with remote technology. They can also report on their users health and environment, essentially turning human skin into a gadget.
Designers from MIT Media Lab have teamed with Microsoft Research on a project to develop “smart tats” able to interface with remote technology. They can also report on their users health and environment, essentially turning human skin into a gadget.

Tattoos could be used as a trackpad to remotely control your mobile phone or adjust the volume of the music you tune into. They can track user data and report back to you, like a body-integral Fitbit, with embedded thermochromic displays that change color in reaction to heat, reporting on body temperature, blood pressure, breathing patterns. It might also report on your immediate environment, checking air quality, weather conditions, and alert you to the presence of harmful substances.

After hearing all sides — from health warnings and religious prohibitions to the futuristic promises of AI-driven tattoo machines — I’ve made my choice. I’ll keep my skin tattoo-free, au naturel. For me, my body already carries its own stories.

Medical cannabis Syqe lays off 30% of its workforce

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The medical cannabis boom felt in Israel may show signs of a giant cooldown. Syqe was one of the darlings of the medical cannabis pharma space, as a doseable drug. This is an industry I helped spark into life when I started the Canna Tech Conference in Jaffa about 10 years ago. Much has changed and a lot of the hype has died down, mainly due to loosened restrictions on access to cannabis, making it easy for people to self medicate in the United States and Canada.

One of the challenges in cannabis as medicine is dosing (read this article on half of all medical cannabis drugs being mislabled). What’s written as THC or CBD concentration may be far from what’s inside the plant or how it affects your body, and how it’s delivered. Syqe, an inhaler dosing system in Israel promises to make dosing a pharmaceutical science, but in waiting for the coveted US FDA approval, Syqe says it needs to lay off 50 of its staff of about 150 based in Tel Aviv. If their product works they may be actually a solution to the mislabeling.

The company grew into medical marijuana stardom when Philip Morris / PMI, the cigarette company invested $20 million in 2016 and later entered into an agreement to acquire the company for ~$650 million, contingent on regulatory success. In that acquisition plan, PMI committed $120 million to push Syqe’s inhaler device through U.S. FDA regulatory hurdles. Is the money running out without results?

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This backing gave Syqe financial muscle and strategic reach—but also raises reputation and strategic risks, given tobacco’s fraught public perception in the health space. Imagine if McDonald’s bought into a regenerative kale farm. The cash infusion could scale production, but people would always wonder if the lettuce was being served with a side of fries.

According to recent news Syqe Medical recently cut 50 employees, about 32% of its workforce, with the majority coming from its development (R&D) department. If the company succeeds or not, is only an insider’s guess. The inhaler uses a unique cartridge containing dozens of “VaporChips,” each holding a measured dose of cannabis flower, allowing accurate administration according to a doctor’s prescription. The question is does it work in dosing, can it work? Sometimes funds run out before the right tests can be checked and confirmed by the FDA.

On the general issue of cannabis, if you are traveling to Dubai or Abu Dhabi, take note: medical cannabis, even if only in your blood, and self-medicated can land you in jail according to the law in the United Arab Emirates. Even CBD oil is a risk.

Read more on medical cannabis and medical marijuana on Green Prophet:

Startup FreezeM turns food waste into insect protein for fish and chicken

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FreezeM Decodes Insect Farming

You are what you eat eats, is the famous quote by Michael Pollan, food author and activist. While many of us are probably put off by the idea of eating insect meal as protein, a new startup has gone down the food-chain to make a sustainable source of protein feed for the creatures we still do like to eat, namely fish and birds such as chicken. These omnivores do require a high-protein feed, and the end-quality of what you eat will only be as good as what the animal you eat, eats.

A new startup has developed a process to cultivate and ship black soldier flies so they can shipped and activated for growth to where they are needed.

To reiterate, FreezeM is not producing insects for people to eat directly (like crunchy cricket snacks) you might see at alt.protein events, but their focus is on using insects as a protein source for animal feed (and indirectly, food security).

They developed a technology to “pause” the life cycle of black soldier fly (BSF) larvae which ensures that costly grow labs aren’t needed where the feed is needed, but instead allows them to ship dormant larvae worldwide, which can then be “woken up” on-site and fed with local organic waste. Let’s hope the focus stays on organic.

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FreezeM insect incubator founders

The larvae, onnce unpacked, quickly grow and can be processed into high-protein feed for fish (aquaculture), poultry, and livestock, as well as insect oil and fertilizer byproducts. The byproducts part sounds not clear, but according to the company they address problems at once: A, an organic waste management – converting food waste and agricultural byproducts into something useful. We can get behind this. And, B, a stainable protein supply – reducing reliance on soy imports or overfished ocean resources for feed.

So FreezeM’s insects are the intermediate step: turning waste into animal feed (and eventually into meat, fish, or eggs for people). When I had my startup in agriculture, developing brains and controllers for greenhouses, this was a common need expressed by farmers: systems not only to feed people fresh food, but hydroponic systems that can create fresh feed for animals. Soy and corn products can play a role, but not be the only diet livestock should be eating.

According to Family Friendly Farms, it is not healthy for livestock to eat only corn and soy, and “meat from animals fed predominantly on corn and soy may lack essential nutrients, leading to potential nutrient deficiencies in humans who consume such meat.

FreezeM was founded in 2018 as a spin-off from the Weizmann Institute of Science in Israel by three researchers: Yuval Gilad (CEO), Idan Alyagor (CTO), and Yoav Politi (VP R&D). The founders were graduates of Weizmann and had expertise in molecular genetics / developmental biology (especially using fly embryos) and entomology.

The core technology (PauseM®) is based on inducing a “paused” or “suspended animation” state in Black Soldier Fly (BSF) neonates so that they can survive transportation with extended shelf life before being revived, fed and grown for animal feed. They also have a partnership with Hermetia Baruth GmbH (Germany) for joint production / distribution of PauseM in Europe.

In February 2024, FreezeM closed a Series A round of USD 14.2 million with that round was led by industrial investors and the European Innovation Council (EIC) Fund (along with existing investors / partners) to expand breeding hubs and commercialize PauseM. Prior to that FreezeM had raised €6.3 million in EIC funding. Their flagship product is PauseM®: essentially “paused” BSF neonates with a ~14-day guaranteed shelf life and survival of greater than 90%, with the economical idea of decoupling the breeding part of insect protein production from the rearing / growing part.

Farms that just want to feed larvae / grow / process don’t need to maintain their own breeding colony; they can order PauseM from FreezeM, feed the colony and feed it straight to the livestock.

This is a more palatable solution that other alt protein companies we’ve written about.

Curious to sink your teeth into alt. protein made from bugs? Jump in below.

Sarah Jessica Parker and Jane Goodall Back Cruelty-free Lab Diamonds

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Sarah Jessica Parker and Jane Goodall put their pretty faces and values behind lab-grown diamonds
Sarah Jessica Parker and Jane Goodall put their pretty faces and values behind lab-grown diamonds

Sarah Jessica Parker has expanded her creative footprint, stepping into the world of fine jewelry as a partner and spokeswoman for Astrea London, a London lab-grown diamond company. Together with founder Nathalie Morrison, she will be shaping a 12-piece collection that houses stones graded at D-IF (just 0.01% of diamonds globally), each backed by IGI, GCAL, and GIA certification. “Joining the business feels like a natural step — together, we are embracing the future of diamonds in a way that is both responsible and beautiful,” Parker said.

Lab-grown diamonds according to my home-town jeweller at Hempen Jewelers in Newmarket, Ontario, lab-grown diamonds are indistinguishable from natural diamonds, mined in difficult circumstances that take advantage of poor communities in Africa — made famous by Leonardo DiCaprio and the movie blood diamonds.

Astrea has made its name producing only the top 1% of diamonds by quality — in the D/E color range with VS2+ clarity — and the brand is rapidly expanding across Europe and the Middle East, with three new Dubai boutiques opening this fall.

We’ve compiled a guide on leading, lab-grown diamond companies here.

Meanwhile, Brilliant Earth is deepening its alignment with ethics and activism via a renewed collaboration with Dr. Jane Goodall. Their limited-edition Jane Goodall Peace Medallion collection features hand-engraved motifs and uses 99% repurposed gold paired with carbon-capture lab-grown diamonds — a symbolic and design-forward synthesis of values and luxury. Ten percent of proceeds will go toward The Jane Goodall Legacy Fund.

Jane Goodall

Related: Natalie Portman’s engagement ring is cruelty-free

These announcements signal more than celebrity tie-ins: they underscore a shift in consumer expectation. Modern luxury must carry values. In the growing lab-grown diamond space, authenticity, traceability, and social purpose are now part of the equation — not mere taglines. As we noted previously on Green Prophet, lab-grown diamonds present a powerful way to opt for sparkle without the human and ecological costs associated with traditional mining. Read more here.

For brands working at the intersection of sustainability and style, Parker’s and Goodall’s involvement are timely, visible reminders that beauty and ethics can coexist. The diamond industry is rewriting the rules, and while this nature-lover needed no diamonds from her true love, the shiny dreams of those who want them can now be satisfied with a diamond made in your nearest city.

Eni Bets Big on Fusion and $1 Billion Deal with Commonwealth Fusion Systems to Power a Carbon-Free Future

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Commonwealth Fusion Systems fusion doughnut - a part of it being assembled
Commonwealth Fusion Systems fusion doughnut – a part of it being assembled

Unlike most oil and gas companies, Italy’s Eni is walking the walk and aims to be carbon free by 2050. In a bold move Eni invested in an American fusion company, Commonwealth Fusion Systems (CFS) and have recently announced a power offtake agreement worth more than $1 billion, expanding a longstanding strategic partnership between the companies to commercialize fusion power.

For a backgrounder on fusion and why it’s so hard, our writer Brian Nitz explains.

The power purchase agreement (PPA) concerns Eni’s acquisition of decarbonized power from CFS’s 400 MW Chesterfield County, Virginia, which is expected to connect to the grid in the early 2030s. Financial terms weren’t disclosed. This is the second offtake agreement that CFS has signed in three months for its first grid-scale fusion power plant.

“The agreement with Eni demonstrates the value of fusion energy on the grid. It is a big vote of confidence to have Eni, who has contributed to our execution since the beginning, buy the power we intend to make in Virginia,” said Bob Mumgaard, Co-founder and CEO of CFS. “Our fusion power attracts diverse customers across the world — from hyperscalers to traditional energy leaders — because of the promise of clean, almost limitless energy.”

“This strategic collaboration, with a tangible commitment to the purchase of fusion energy, marks a turning point in which fusion becomes a full industrial opportunity,” said Eni CEO Claudio Descalzi. “Eni has been strengthening its collaboration with CFS with its technological know-how since it first invested in the company in 2018. As energy demand grows, Eni supports the development of fusion power as a new energy paradigm capable of producing clean, safe, and virtually inexhaustible energy. This international partnership confirms our commitment to making fusion energy a reality, promoting its industrialization for a more sustainable energy future.”

Eni is a global energy tech company operating in 64 Countries, with about 32,500 employees. Originally an oil & gas company, it has evolved into an integrated energy company, playing a key role in ensuring energy security and leading the energy transition. Eni’s goal is to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050 through the decarbonization of its processes and of the products it sells to its customers.

In line with this goal, Eni invests in the research and development of technologies that can accelerate the transition to increasingly sustainable energy. Renewable energy sources, bio-refining, carbon capture and storage are only some examples of Eni’s areas of activity and research.

In addition, the company is exploring game-changing technologies such as fusion energy – a technology based on the physical processes that power stars and that could generate safe, virtually limitless energy with zero emissions.

The PPA follows CFS’ $863 million Series B2 round in which Eni increased its investment in CFS. Eni, which was among the first to invest in CFS in 2018 and believe in fusion, is today a strategic shareholder.

while many contemplate pie, we still can't stop thinking about donuts. Here's one half of SPARC's vacuum vessel, the donut-shaped chamber where the fusion reaction will occur, making its way through the fabrication process.
Commonwealth Fusion Systems

In 2023 the two companies signed a collaboration agreement to accelerate fusion energy development. The collaboration between the companies includes operational and technological support; project execution through the sharing of methodologies learned from the energy industry; and relationships with stakeholders.

The PPA further validates that CFS is on the most promising path to deliver commercial fusion power in the coming years. The company has demonstrated its capabilities by developing key advances in high-temperature superconducting magnets and sustaining its execution velocity in the construction of the SPARC fusion demonstration machine in Devens, Massachusetts.

Eni, a global tech energy company based in San Donato Milanese, Italy, has been active in the US energy sector since 1968. The company’s operations include oil and natural gas production, renewables and biofuel. Eni also invests in innovative technologies for the energy transition through its Boston-based corporate venture capital division, Eni Next.

Rendering of SPARC, a compact, high-field, DT burning tokamak, currently under design by a team from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Commonwealth Fusion Systems. It's mission is to create and confine a plasma that produces net fusion energy. CAD rendering by T. Henderson, CFS/MIT-PSFC​
Rendering of SPARC, a compact, high-field, DT burning tokamak, currently under design by a team from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Commonwealth Fusion Systems. It’s mission is to create and confine a plasma that produces net fusion energy. CAD rendering by T. Henderson, CFS/MIT-PSFC​

Commonwealth Fusion Systems is the world’s largest and leading private fusion company. The company’s marquee fusion project, SPARC, will generate net energy, paving the way for limitless carbon-free energy. The company has raised almost $3 billion in capital since it was founded in 2018.

 

Saudi Arabia’s grand mufti Sheikh Abdulaziz bin Abdullah al-Sheikh dies at 84

Sheikh Abdulaziz bin Abdullah al-Sheikh

Saudi Arabia’s grand mufti, Sheikh Abdulaziz bin Abdullah al-Sheikh, who served as the kingdom’s top religious cleric for over 25 years, has died in Riyadh. He was 84. Funeral prayers were attended by Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, the kingdom’s de facto ruler. The funeral was held at the Imam Turki bin Abdullah Mosque in Riyadh.

As grand mufti since 1999, Sheikh Abdulaziz held one of the most influential religious roles in the Sunni Muslim world. Saudi Arabia, home to the holy cities of Mecca and Medina and the annual Hajj pilgrimage, has long tied state legitimacy to clerical authority under its strict Wahhabi interpretation of Islam.

Sheikh Abdulaziz’s role as grand mufti put him in the spotlight because of every Muslim’s goal of attending the annual Hajj pilgrimage required of all able-bodied Muslims once in their lives. The grand mufti’s words are carefully followed. (Related: take these steps and jump into the Green Prophet guide for a greener Hajj).

Blind from a young age, Sheikh Abdulaziz was appointed grand mufti by the House of Saud’s King Fahd. Fahd was King and Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia from 13 June 1982 until his death in 2005.

Sheikh Abdulaziz’s rulings reflected decades of Islamic ultraconservative thought, once condemning mobile phone cameras as a threat to morality and he compared chess to gambling. (This year the Taliban banned chess). He opposed women driving and described gender mixing as “evil and catastrophe” before later softening his stance as the state changed course. Saudi Arabia decided to let women drive in 2018.

At times, his comments provoked international backlash. In 2015, he reportedly told Kuwaiti officials it was “necessary to destroy all the churches of the region” in the Arabia peninsula— remarks his aides later attempted to downplay. He also issued sectarian statements against Shiite Muslims, particularly following Iran’s criticism of Saudi Arabia after the deadly 2015 Hajj stampede.

Luckily for the western world, and peaceful prospects in the region through the Abraham Accords, he condemned al-Qaida and the so-called Islamic State, calling them “enemy No. 1 of Islam.” After 9/11, when Saudi Arabia battled an al-Qaida insurgency within its own borders, he rejected militant jihad as “fake.” We should not forget that 15 of the 9/11 hijackers were from Saudi Arabia.

From Wahhabism to Vision 2030

Children look at model of The Line, a 15-minute city part of Neom, Saudi Arabia
The Line, a 15-minute city built on the Red Sea, part of the mega-project called Neom

Sheikh Abdulaziz’s career spanned a period of dramatic transformation under the House of Saud, a grand kingdom that rose from rules in mud castles. Once aligned tightly with the religious establishment, the monarchy gradually moved to curtail clerical power — especially under Saudi Arabia’s young visionary Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman.

In 2018,  under Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, Saudi Arabia ended the ban on women driving — a watershed reform that the grand mufti eventually supported.

The University of Novarra’s Naomi Moreno, pens a piece on Saudi reform saying it might be being more for optics than for real change within: “While some perceive the crown prince’s actions to be a genuine move towards reforming Saudi society, several indicators point to the possibility that MBS might have more practical reasons that are only tangentially related to progression for progression’s sake. As the thinking goes, such decrees may have less to do with genuine reform, and more to do with improving an international image to deflect from some of the kingdom’s more controversial practices, both at home and abroad. A number of factors drive this public scepticism.”

Mohammed bin Salman’s “Vision 2030” supervised by Sheikh Abdulaziz has also pushed massive economic liberalization, from Saudi Aramco’s controversial IPO to the multibillion-dollar mega-city NEOM. While any PR material put out by Saudi Arabia’s development companies, owned and operated by the House of Saud, tout sustainability objectives, no third party organizations or journalists can verify any claims.

Eco Branding or Environmental Boondoggle?

The grand mufti’s declining influence coincided with Saudi Arabia rebranding itself as a global hub for tourism and sustainability, no doubt advised to them by well-paid consultants and architects eager for multi-million, even billion dollar contracts. Ultra-luxury resorts are being marketed as eco-destinations across the Red Sea and virgin islands, even as construction threatens pristine habitats. See Shebara.

Shebara, a new “eco” resort carved into a pristine island

From coral reefs to fragile desert ecosystems, critics argue that these projects risk becoming environmental boondoggles — glossy green branding masking ecological disruption. The dynamic mirrors other regional tragedies, such as the controversial Qatari-backed resort development on Assomption Island near the Aldabra Atoll.

“Sheikh Abdulaziz served the faith and the nation with dedication,” the Saudi Royal Court said in its obituary statement. Yet his legacy remains contested: a staunch defender of Wahhabi orthodoxy who presided over a society that — under royal command — shifted toward liberalization, consumerism, and grand “eco” visions for the future.

As Saudi Arabia accelerates its transformation, the passing of its top cleric who memorized the Qu’ran at age 10 underscores the changing face of religious authority and perhaps tolerance in a kingdom increasingly defined by megaprojects, oil wealth, and the House of Saud’s push to rebrand itself for a post-oil world.

Egyptian locust appears at English beach town signaling climate change

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The trust said the species were thought to arrive on the strong winds from the south east, adding it was likely the locust arrived on the same wind "that's dumping Saharan dust on our cars overnight".
An Egyptian locust appears in Cornwall

Locust invasions once seemed like a relic of ancient or faraway crises — the stuff of Bible stories or news from Africa and the Middle East. Over the years, we’ve chronicled grim scenes in Yemen and Egypt, and even spotlighted creative survival strategies (like the recipes of chef Moshe Basson) turning locusts from scourge to sustenance. But what was once viewed as someone else’s problem may now creep into British backyards.

In August 2025, a gardener in Cornwall spotted an Egyptian locust (Anacridium aegyptium) in their garden — a rare find in the UK. The Cornwall Wildlife Trust confirmed the sighting, noting that such insects are typically native to the Mediterranean and North Africa according to the Cornwall Wildlife Trust.

Fried grasshoppers by chef Moshe Basson –- get the recipe here

Experts believe this locust was carried north by the same meteorological system that deposited Saharan dust across Cornwall. While one or two migrant locusts reach Britain each year, climate shifts could make the UK more welcoming to non-native species in the years ahead and this worries ecologists and farmers. The trust said the species were thought to arrive on the strong winds from the south east, adding it was likely the locust arrived on the same wind “that’s dumping Saharan dust on our cars overnight”.

handful of locusts, grasshopper plague yemen, africa, ethiopia
A handful of locusts in Yemen

The Cornwall Trust urges residents to report unusual insect sightings, helping build a picture of new species’ movements and possible ecological impacts.

The idea of locusts sweeping across the region is not hyperbole — history bears it out:

  • Between 2019 and 2022, enormous swarms of desert locusts (Schistocerca gregaria) devastated parts of East Africa, the Arabian Peninsula, and the Middle East, threatening crops and food security across 23 countries.

  • In Yemen, conflict weakened agricultural monitoring systems, making the country a key breeding ground. Efforts supported by the FAO and other partners managed to control infestations over tens of thousands of hectares according to the World Bank.

These episodes show how quickly locusts can transform from scattered pests into regional plagues, especially when conditions align in their favor — heat, rainfall after drought, and weak surveillance systems.

chef moshe basson with locusts
Chef Moshe Basson makes meals from Egyptian locusts. They are the only insect that can be considered kosher to eat

What This Means for the UK and the world?

So why should a single locust in Cornwall matter? Because it might be a harbinger of climate change and shifting weather patterns. Warmer, drier extremes and stronger winds can help migratory insects push further north. A recent study links increased locust outbreaks to climate anomalies like heavier rainfall and wind patterns.

Locusts are known for their gregarious transformation: under crowded conditions and favorable environments, solitary locusts morph into swarming hordes, dramatically increasing their threat.  If the UK becomes more hospitable—warmer summers, longer dry periods—such migrant insects may find it easier to survive and reproduce beyond occasional stragglers.

If locusts concern you, read about the devastating locust plague in Africa in 2020, and tips for getting rid of the plague.

This furniture isn’t built, it grows from mushrooms

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Anomalia transforms waste into furniture

In Mumbai, architects Bhakti Loonawat and Suyash Sawant are proving that furniture doesn’t always have to be cut, nailed, or welded together. Through their design practice Anomalia, the duo is coaxing mushrooms into consoles, blocks, and textiles—lightweight, durable, and fully biodegradable pieces that challenge the way we think about materials.

Step inside a sunlit Mumbai apartment and you’ll find a console table that appears sleek and conventional at first glance. Look closer, though, and its supporting columns are not wood, stone, or steel, but mycelium—the filamentous root network of fungi.

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Related: a guide to making mushroom paper

Interior architect Huzefa Rangwala, co-founder of the studio MuseLAB, was among the first to experiment with these pieces. “We bought two consoles for a client project,” he explains. “They’re light, easy to move, and strong enough to hold everyday use, but they don’t dominate the space. The combination of mushroom bases with a wooden top feels familiar yet innovative.”

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For Rangwala, whose work frequently intersects with sustainability, the appeal lies in supporting material innovation. “Design has to move beyond surface aesthetics,” he adds. “If new materials reduce waste and emissions, we all benefit.”

Globally, mycelium has been explored as an alternative for packaging, textiles, and even fashion. In India, however, furniture applications remain rare. Anomalia’s “Grown Not Built” collection changes that by offering modular blocks made from agricultural waste bound with mycelium.

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Each block weighs only 1.5 kilograms, yet can withstand compressive loads of up to 1.5 tons—a tenth the weight of concrete with comparable strength. From these building blocks, Bhakti and Suyash assemble stools, tables, shelves, or partitions. A second line, “MycoLiving”, extends their experiments into textiles, producing pliable sheets of mushroom material as vegan alternatives to leather for seating and upholstery.

“The beauty of mycelium is its circularity,” Bhakti says. “Conventional furniture ends up in landfills. Ours can return safely to the soil within six months.”

The couple first tested mycelium during the pandemic, growing fungi in cupcake trays in their apartment kitchen. Realising its structural potential, they scaled up experiments into bricks, partitions, and eventually furniture. By 2022, they had launched Anomalia.

Just three years later, their mushroom furniture was showcased at the Venice Biennale in 2025, and in Seoul they unveiled a 4-meter-wide mycelium façade—evidence that fungi could go beyond interiors into architecture itself.

Sustainability Rooted in Waste

India’s agricultural sector generates vast crop residues, much of which is burned, worsening air pollution. Anomalia diverts this waste stream, binding it with fungi to create new material value.

“It’s biodegradable, strong, and avoids landfill,” says Suyash. “We don’t want our work to look like ‘eco furniture.’ It should feel elegant and timeless while also being regenerative.”

Designing with fungi isn’t like working with cement or timber. Mycelium growth is vulnerable to contamination and moisture, requiring controlled airflow and drying. Untreated, it doesn’t hold up well outdoors. To extend its life, Anomalia uses natural coatings like beeswax or lime plaster and bakes blocks to deactivate growth while preserving strength.

Financially, too, the process is demanding. The pair initially relied on savings and small grants, while running their architectural practice in parallel. “It’s bootstrapped but intentional,” Bhakti notes. “We want to grow responsibly, not mass-produce.”

So far, Anomalia has sold around 100 mycelium blocks and a handful of furniture units in Mumbai and Surat, with plans to set up manufacturing in India while collaborating with larger suppliers abroad. But the ambition stretches further.

“We dream of growing an entire house—walls, partitions, even the roof—out of fungi,” Suyash says. “That would demonstrate its true structural potential.”

For Anomalia, mushroom furniture is not just about creating new products; it’s about re-imagining design as a circular system. Materials, they believe, should serve their purpose and then return gracefully to the earth.

Inca Hernández Brings Liwa Farm Village to Life in Abu Dhabi, Rooted in Desert Heritage

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Inca Hernández, Liwa Farm Village, Abu Dhabi architecture, desert architecture UAE, Liwa Oasis sustainable design, vernacular architecture Middle East, rammed earth construction UAE, desert farming innovation, sustainable communities Abu Dhabi, Al Gharbia heritage UAE, windcatcher architecture, eco-friendly building desert, date palm farming UAE, sustainable architecture Middle East, regenerative desert design

In the far reaches of Abu Dhabi’s Western Region, where the Rub’ al Khali desert stretches endlessly into Saudi Arabia, a new architectural vision is rising. Mexican architect Inca Hernández has unveiled Liwa Farm Village, a 7,000-square-meter project that reimagines what it means to live, work, and grow in harmony with one of the world’s harshest landscapes.

The project is sited near the Liwa Oasis, long revered as a lifeline in the desert. For centuries, this oasis shaped the livelihoods, fortifications, and traditions of the Emirate. The new design draws directly from this legacy—acknowledging the deep cultural roots of aflaj irrigation systems, vernacular desert architecture, windcatchers, and rammed-earth construction, while weaving them into a future-facing community space.

Hernández’s studio emphasizes construction methods that are both ecological and ancestral. Rammed-earth walls, strengthened with desert sand and pigmented concrete, anchor the village against the elements, offering natural thermal insulation in a place where heat defines daily life. Raised platforms protect buildings from seasonal shifts, while clay latticework channels breezes and shades interiors—an echo of the ingenious wind towers of old Arabia.

The result is architecture that breathes with the desert rather than imposing upon it. But why does it take a Mexican to re-imagine the past of the Arab world? Foreign influence on design, culture and architecture is far too common in Middle East oil countries eager to be bold and speaking the common language of the built environment of the west. The Arabian horse arrives on cue.

A Community Shaped by Nature and CulturInca Hernández, Liwa Farm Village, Abu Dhabi architecture, desert architecture UAE, Liwa Oasis sustainable design, vernacular architecture Middle East, rammed earth construction UAE, desert farming innovation, sustainable communities Abu Dhabi, Al Gharbia heritage UAE, windcatcher architecture, eco-friendly building desert, date palm farming UAE, sustainable architecture Middle East, regenerative desert designe Inca Hernández, Liwa Farm Village, Abu Dhabi architecture, desert architecture UAE, Liwa Oasis sustainable design, vernacular architecture Middle East, rammed earth construction UAE, desert farming innovation, sustainable communities Abu Dhabi, Al Gharbia heritage UAE, windcatcher architecture, eco-friendly building desert, date palm farming UAE, sustainable architecture Middle East, regenerative desert design Inca Hernández, Liwa Farm Village, Abu Dhabi architecture, desert architecture UAE, Liwa Oasis sustainable design, vernacular architecture Middle East, rammed earth construction UAE, desert farming innovation, sustainable communities Abu Dhabi, Al Gharbia heritage UAE, windcatcher architecture, eco-friendly building desert, date palm farming UAE, sustainable architecture Middle East, regenerative desert design Inca Hernández, Liwa Farm Village, Abu Dhabi architecture, desert architecture UAE, Liwa Oasis sustainable design, vernacular architecture Middle East, rammed earth construction UAE, desert farming innovation, sustainable communities Abu Dhabi, Al Gharbia heritage UAE, windcatcher architecture, eco-friendly building desert, date palm farming UAE, sustainable architecture Middle East, regenerative desert design Inca Hernández, Liwa Farm Village, Abu Dhabi architecture, desert architecture UAE, Liwa Oasis sustainable design, vernacular architecture Middle East, rammed earth construction UAE, desert farming innovation, sustainable communities Abu Dhabi, Al Gharbia heritage UAE, windcatcher architecture, eco-friendly building desert, date palm farming UAE, sustainable architecture Middle East, regenerative desert design Inca Hernández, Liwa Farm Village, Abu Dhabi architecture, desert architecture UAE, Liwa Oasis sustainable design, vernacular architecture Middle East, rammed earth construction UAE, desert farming innovation, sustainable communities Abu Dhabi, Al Gharbia heritage UAE, windcatcher architecture, eco-friendly building desert, date palm farming UAE, sustainable architecture Middle East, regenerative desert design Inca Hernández, Liwa Farm Village, Abu Dhabi architecture, desert architecture UAE, Liwa Oasis sustainable design, vernacular architecture Middle East, rammed earth construction UAE, desert farming innovation, sustainable communities Abu Dhabi, Al Gharbia heritage UAE, windcatcher architecture, eco-friendly building desert, date palm farming UAE, sustainable architecture Middle East, regenerative desert design Inca Hernández, Liwa Farm Village, Abu Dhabi architecture, desert architecture UAE, Liwa Oasis sustainable design, vernacular architecture Middle East, rammed earth construction UAE, desert farming innovation, sustainable communities Abu Dhabi, Al Gharbia heritage UAE, windcatcher architecture, eco-friendly building desert, date palm farming UAE, sustainable architecture Middle East, regenerative desert design Inca Hernández, Liwa Farm Village, Abu Dhabi architecture, desert architecture UAE, Liwa Oasis sustainable design, vernacular architecture Middle East, rammed earth construction UAE, desert farming innovation, sustainable communities Abu Dhabi, Al Gharbia heritage UAE, windcatcher architecture, eco-friendly building desert, date palm farming UAE, sustainable architecture Middle East, regenerative desert design Inca Hernández, Liwa Farm Village, Abu Dhabi architecture, desert architecture UAE, Liwa Oasis sustainable design, vernacular architecture Middle East, rammed earth construction UAE, desert farming innovation, sustainable communities Abu Dhabi, Al Gharbia heritage UAE, windcatcher architecture, eco-friendly building desert, date palm farming UAE, sustainable architecture Middle East, regenerative desert design

The layout unfolds like a living museum of desert traditions:

  • Date palm groves and agricultural plots integrate with housing and community spaces (all about date palms and sustainability).

  • A veterinary center and horse paddocks safeguard animal welfare while serving as an educational hub.

  • The Majlis, topped with palm-frond roofing, offers a space for gathering, reflection, and storytelling

  • A restaurant and spa bring visitors into contact with the flavors, scents, and healing practices of the region

Each structure, from modest earthen houses for farmers to grand arches inspired by desert dunes, is designed to blur boundaries between built form and natural process.

Hernández describes the project as “reviving vernacular techniques to preserve the land’s bounty while renewing traditions that give life to the present—and future.” It is a philosophy visible in every detail, from clay lattice roofs that scatter desert light to ponds that reflect the memory of the oasis.

Inca Hernández, Liwa Farm Village, Abu Dhabi architecture, desert architecture UAE, Liwa Oasis sustainable design, vernacular architecture Middle East, rammed earth construction UAE, desert farming innovation, sustainable communities Abu Dhabi, Al Gharbia heritage UAE, windcatcher architecture, eco-friendly building desert, date palm farming UAE, sustainable architecture Middle East, regenerative desert design Inca Hernández, Liwa Farm Village, Abu Dhabi architecture, desert architecture UAE, Liwa Oasis sustainable design, vernacular architecture Middle East, rammed earth construction UAE, desert farming innovation, sustainable communities Abu Dhabi, Al Gharbia heritage UAE, windcatcher architecture, eco-friendly building desert, date palm farming UAE, sustainable architecture Middle East, regenerative desert design Inca Hernández, Liwa Farm Village, Abu Dhabi architecture, desert architecture UAE, Liwa Oasis sustainable design, vernacular architecture Middle East, rammed earth construction UAE, desert farming innovation, sustainable communities Abu Dhabi, Al Gharbia heritage UAE, windcatcher architecture, eco-friendly building desert, date palm farming UAE, sustainable architecture Middle East, regenerative desert design Inca Hernández, Liwa Farm Village, Abu Dhabi architecture, desert architecture UAE, Liwa Oasis sustainable design, vernacular architecture Middle East, rammed earth construction UAE, desert farming innovation, sustainable communities Abu Dhabi, Al Gharbia heritage UAE, windcatcher architecture, eco-friendly building desert, date palm farming UAE, sustainable architecture Middle East, regenerative desert design Inca Hernández, Liwa Farm Village, Abu Dhabi architecture, desert architecture UAE, Liwa Oasis sustainable design, vernacular architecture Middle East, rammed earth construction UAE, desert farming innovation, sustainable communities Abu Dhabi, Al Gharbia heritage UAE, windcatcher architecture, eco-friendly building desert, date palm farming UAE, sustainable architecture Middle East, regenerative desert design Inca Hernández, Liwa Farm Village, Abu Dhabi architecture, desert architecture UAE, Liwa Oasis sustainable design, vernacular architecture Middle East, rammed earth construction UAE, desert farming innovation, sustainable communities Abu Dhabi, Al Gharbia heritage UAE, windcatcher architecture, eco-friendly building desert, date palm farming UAE, sustainable architecture Middle East, regenerative desert design

By rooting Liwa Farm Village in the Al Gharbia region’s heritage, the design does more than preserve memory, a memory that the UAE seems so quick to forget, taken a foreign architect to re-imagine it.  Hernández creates a place for exchange between past and present, locals and visitors, humans and land. This is not just a farm or a cultural center. It is a vision of coexistence—a desert village that tells the story of resilience across generations.

Project facts

Project facts: Liwa Farm Village

Lead Architect: Inca Hernandez.

Location: Bateen Liwa, Abu Dhabi, UAE.

Team: Evelin García, Luis Enrique Vargas, Jesús Navarro, Alfonso Castelló.

Construction area: 7,000m2

Land area: 30,000m2

Year: 2025

Dubai overfishing: 13 years after Tafline’s warning

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cormorands fishing
Dubai fishermen

In 2012, Green Prophet sounded the alarm about depleted Gulf fish stocks and weak enforcement in Dubai. Revisit Tafline Laylin’s original piece here: Dubai Finally Gets Serious About Overfishing.

Thirteen years on, what’s changed—and what hasn’t? Regulatory frameworks are clearer. The UAE now requires licences for commercial and recreational fishing and sets rules on species, sizes, seasons, and gear. See the official portal: Regulating fishing practices (UAE).

Marine protection and monitoring have expanded. Authorities report more scientifically informed monitoring and new research capacity,including offshore survey capability and support vessels for fisheries and habitat assessment (overview at Life Below Water – UAE.)

overfishing, Gulf, sustainable fishing practices, Dubai
Dubai fish market
Measured progress in Abu Dhabi. The Environment Agency – Abu Dhabi’s Sustainable Fisheries Index rose from
8.9% (2018) to 97.4% (end-2024), indicating far tighter alignment with sustainable harvest targets: Abu Dhabi Media Office (2025).
Visible enforcement actions. In Feb 2025, a fisherman in Abu Dhabi was fined Dh50,000 for exceeding permitted catch limits: Gulf News: Dh50,000 fine (2025).

Where the Picture in Dubai Is Still Mixed

Catch and release fishing in Dubai

Hamour (grouper) remains severely overfished. Years of overexploitation have left adult populations
dramatically reduced and age structures truncated. Reporting highlights suggest catches far beyond sustainable thresholds and individuals rarely reaching natural lifespans: The National (2019): Overfishing is the single biggest threat

Enforcement is uneven by emirate and along the supply chain. Market controls on undersized fish have improved, but gaps persist in inspections, reporting, and sanctions.

Cultural and economic realities complicate reform. Traditional preferences (e.g., hamour),
livelihoods, and consumer demand continue to pull against tighter conservation rules.

Climate stressors add pressure. Warming seas and habitat loss make stock recovery harder even where rules are followed.

China’s Role in Global Overfishing—With Documentation

Local conservation can be undermined by global fleets operating across borders. Multiple analyses document the scale and governance challenges of distant-water fishing (DWF), especially from China: Global activity share: An Oceana analysis finds Chinese vessels account for roughly 44% of visible global fishing activity, appearing in more than 90 countries’ waters and logging millions of hours on the high seas: Oceana (2025).

IUU and governance concerns: The U.S. Congressional Research Service summarizes evidence of
illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) risks, subsidy issues, and transparency gaps in China’s DWF fleet, noting
implications for stock depletion and international disputes: CRS Report R47065 (China’s Role in the Exploitation of Global Fisheries).

Policy pledges vs. practice: Scholarship reviews policy reforms and continuing implementation gaps in China’s fisheries, indicating improvements on paper that remain uneven on the water: Marine Policy review (ScienceDirect).

Bottom line: Even if the UAE tightens local rules, transboundary pressure from large DWF fleets can undermine recovery, making international monitoring, port-state measures, and supply-chain traceability essential. We were told the same by Seychellois: even if they restrict fishing in nature reserves, China boats often overfish nearby without consequence.

What Dubai (and the UAE) Can Do Next

  1. Harden market enforcement against undersized and out-of-season fish; expand surprise inspections and public reporting.
  2. Accelerate species-specific recovery plans for hamour and other priority stocks with clear biomass targets and timelines.
  3. Scale consumer campaigns to shift demand away from overfished species; promote certified alternatives.
  4. Petition to global fishing groups to enforce fishing caps and limits, especially on Chinese fishing boats.
  5. Deepen regional & international cooperation on IUU detection, electronic monitoring, and traceability
    to address external fishing pressure.
  6. Reform the press so that’s it’s free and so that locals and foreigners may criticize without serious consequences. There is no free press in the UAE. The UAE government prevents both local and foreign independent media outlets from thriving by tracking down and persecuting dissenting voices. Expatriate Emirati journalists risk being harassed, arrested or extradited according to Reporters Without Borders.

How to make mushroom paper

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Make paper with kids. Mushrooms are now welcome.

 

 

How to Make Mushroom Paper

If you’ve already experimented with making moss graffiti or traditional papermaking, here’s the next level of nature craft: mushroom paper. This activity is perfect for forest schools, Waldorf school families, or DIY crafters who love experimenting with natural materials. Making paper from fungi not only produces unique earthy textures and colors, but it also connects you with the forest in an entirely new way. With seeds or dried flowers added, your creations can even be planted—turning your art into living gifts.

Why Mushrooms?

mushroom hunting and identification
My daughter and friend Raven study and ID mushrooms that are edible.

Unlike plants (which are rich in cellulose), mushrooms are made of chitin, a strong structural polymer. This gives mushroom paper a distinct leathery texture—sometimes even resembling vegan leather, such as that used by iconic fashion designer Stella McCartney, the daughter of the Beatle’s Paul.

While we’ve heard from mycologists that say you can use poisonous mushrooms for paper as well as edible, we;d stay on the safe side and suggest using fungi confirmed by a local expert to be non-poisonous. And stick to woody, tough species you wouldn’t want to eat. Mushrooms like chaga could be curious to try, but the value of them might be better kept as a tea

chopping chaga mushroom for tea
Karin chops up chaga found in her forest. Ut’s hard on the hands!

Best Mushrooms for Papermaking

A birch polypore makes clean, white paper
A birch polypore makes clean, white paper via WildFood UK

Dry, woody bracket fungi (also called polypores) are the top choice. They are called bracket fungi because they sit on the side of a tree like a shelf or bracket. They are hard to pull off but are removed with a knife or a rock. Experts we’re spoken with from the group UK Wildfood Larder say it is okay to pull all parts of the mushroom out. There is no need to consider leaving the roots since the actual “roots” of the mushroom run deep in the forest as mycelium. Mushroom hunters typically cut the mushrooms clean to avoid dirt and bugs in their edible haul. Below is a list of some bracket fungi you can try as paper. Really any of them will do.

Reishi musrhooms can be used in papermaking, but they might be more valuable as a tea to promote longevity
  • Artist’s Conk (Ganoderma applanatum)

  • Turkey Tail (Trametes versicolor)

  • Red-Belted Conk (Fomitopsis pinicola)

  • Birch Polypore (Fomitopsis betulina)

  • Reishi / Lingzhi (Ganoderma lucidum)

    Chaga (Inonotus obliquus) – though often too valuable as medicine

Mushrooms to Avoid

  • Soft fleshy caps (button, portobello, chanterelle, oyster) → too mushy.

  • Chicken of the Woods → better eaten than pulped.

  • Slimy caps → produce weak, sticky sheets.

Tip from Angela at Foraging with Angela: “It’s best to use a bracket fungus rather than a toadstool. Look for species with visible fibers, leathery feel, and flexibility.”

Materials You’ll Need

  • Foraged mushrooms (woody polypores work best) like birch polypores.

  • A large tub or tray that is big enough to fit your mould and deckle. (You can make one easily with an old picture frame)

  • Blender

  • Water (lots!)

  • Mould and deckle (or DIY with a picture frame + mesh)

  • Absorbent cloths, towels, newspapers, or rags

  • Sponge

  • Optional: recycled paper scraps, cotton fibers (up to 20%), seeds, dried flowers


Step-by-Step Process for making simple mushroom paper

Making mushroom paper illustration
Making mushroom paper illustration

1. Collect & Soak

Harvest mushrooms and cut up into chunks. Soak them overnight—or longer to soften the fibers. Change the water if you soak for more than a couple of days as it will ferment.

2. Make Pulp

  • Chop fungi into smaller pieces.

  • Blend with plenty of water until you have a smooth pulp. A good strong blender like a Vitamix can help. The more you blend and liquify, the finer your paper can be.

  • Mix in fibers like cotton or recycled paper for strength. Some papermakers suggest 20% paper.

3. Prepare Slurry

  • Pour pulp into a tray with extra water.

  • Stir so fibers float evenly.

4. Form Sheets

  • Submerge mould and deckle.

  • Lift smoothly, letting water drain while fibers settle into a sheet. Experiment with concentration of material on the deckle. More will create a thicker paper, less will create a finer, thinner paper. in the video above the maker is using a proper mould and deckle. A picture frame with an added screen instead of glass will do. Pull it up through the slurry and place another screen piece on top and press out water and flip and you will be fine.

  • Remove deckle.

5. Couching

  • Flip the wet sheet onto a towel or cloth.

  • Sponge away water.

  • Gently peel off the screen.

6. Drying

  • Layer sheets between newspapers/cloths.

  • Press under heavy books or iron through fabric.

  • Replace damp layers until fully dry.

  • Iron dry the sheets on a low setting to keep the sheets flat.
Make mushroom paper
Make mushroom paper, via fungi perfecti

The process is flexible—part craft, part experiment—and every batch yields different textures and tones. We advise you to only use foraged mushrooms and fungus that are confirmed to be non-poisonous by a local mushroom expert. We also suggest you use mushrooms you prefer not to eat because why waste a tasty chicken of the woods when you can use an old dry bracket mushroom instead?

Creative Uses

Stella McCartney makes mushroom leather pants

 

Mushroom paper varies from pale cream to rich tans, often with an earthy scent. Each sheet is one-of-a-kind. Try it for:

Greeting cards and envelopesrecycled paper

Handmade notebooks

Plantable gift tags (with seeds inside)

Newspapers embedded with seeds in Japan
Make your paper with seeds that sprout? Like in Japan. This newspaper comes laden with seeds that sprout.

Mixed-media art and collage

ewelry (rolled paper beads)

Eco-sculpture or masks

Make it thicker and use the “leather” in alternative fashion or art projects. Like mushroom leather pants?

Making mushroom paper is as much experiment as craft. Every batch turns out a little different, carrying the spirit of the forest (and you) into your art. Whether you’re creating earthy stationery, exploring eco-leather alternatives, or just enjoying the process with kids, this project is a hands-on way to turn fungi into something extraordinary.

In our journey meeting mushroomers, we also heard it’s possible to take some sawdust and inoculate it with mushroom spores to grow a thin flat sheet of mushrooms which can be later dried for “leather”.

Nicola makes paper from chicken of the woods mushrooms

Nichola Jane Rodgers: This is my mushroom paper I use a mix of birch polypore and chicken of the woods. 

Angela from Foraging with Angela tells Green Prophet: “I’ve made mushroom leather from a few species, but I’ve found that Oak Maizegill is the one I get the best results from. They grow in my area (Cape Town SA) as an alien. Any bracts that aren’t poisonous should do. You can usually tell the kind of paper/leather you’ll end up with by the feel of the fresh mushroom.

“I didn’t use any glues or binders for the Maizegill paper, their natural fibers are sufficient. It makes a flexible, foldable, leathery paper. I just blend it with lots of water to make the slurry.”

And the paper, she notes, can be “more of a leather. Depending on the species.” See her video below.

Mushroom paper typically ranges from pale cream to deep tan, often carrying a subtle earthy aroma. No two sheets are alike—each piece carries the spirit of the forest into your art.

Anomalia transforms waste into furniture using mushrooms

Inspired by making paper? Check out this Indian-based design firm Anomalia –– they design furniture using mycelium!

And we were suggested to watch this video, about a man who makes hats from mushrooms in the forests as they are. The hats are made from amadou, a material made from Fomes fomentarius mushrooms. This species grows mainly on beech and birch. And a part of the cap called trama can be extended with figers (when cleaned from the spore part and the top layer “skin”.

A hat made from mushrooms
A hat made from mushrooms

Primarily this material was used as tinder for fire making in many parts of Europe. Hat making was rarer. And survived only in one village in Transylvania (now a part of Romania) in a place inhabited by Szekler people speaking an ancient dialect of Hungarian.

Only a few families still make a hat, mainly the old people. The video was made with the youngest from the line of Mate hat makers, Karoly Mate. This is the vegen leather of the future and these people steward this knowledge. This process was popularized by the famous ethnomycologist Paul Stamets.

Interview with America’s water reuse expert BioprocessH20 on challenges and the future of water

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Bioprocess greywater treatment

An interview with BioprocessH20 Tim Burns, company CEO, entrepreneuring wastewater treatment for the Food and Beverage industry

Water is the most extensively used raw material in the food and beverage industry. It is used for processing, as an additive to products, but also as a cleaning agent. But waste can’t just go down the drain.

Due to heavy loads of chemicals and biological waste, industrially processed water needs to be filtered before it goes to the municipal water treatment center. The industrial sector can have an impact on the environment and economy as a result of rising water demand and wastewater production. In some US states aquifers have run dry. With the increasing scarcity of drinking water, the reuse of wastewater has become an important economic and ecological concern. Optimizing water consumption and wastewater reuse in the food industry is necessary for business reasons and a growing list of environmental ones enforced by governments. 

Food processors, industrial manufacturers, automobile manufacturers, oil and gas companies and more all need to be mindful of the wastewater they produce when they conduct their core business.

All forms of waste, whether liquid or solid, require specialized treatment methods before disposal. Where do companies turn? What does the future look like? We speak with the world leader in sustainable wastewater treatment, BioprocessH2O, an American company from Rhode Island that mimics nature in their system designs. ​​Clients like Coca Cola use their system to meet wastewater standards in the food industry

Tim Burns
Tim Burns

Tim Burns, the CEO of BioprocessH2O shares some insight into a global challenge of wastewater treatment and its potential for reuse.

Give us an overview of why companies turn to you. 

Companies turn to us for our expertise in the wastewater field. We have some of the best engineers in the business, and are confident in the systems that we build. We have helped some of the biggest companies in the US get control over their wastewater, and because of that many turn into repeat customers.

Are there non-US locations you work with and what special challenges do you face outside the US?

We work with companies across the world, with a focus in North America. Each country has its own unique regulating body, that has its own set of parameters or rules that they adhere to. This makes it different from the US, as not all regulators are concerned with the same things.

When you work with non-US companies, let’s say EU, Canada and the Middle East. If you work there, or want to work there, how are the standards and demands different? 

The testing standards, and goals, are different in many of the countries you mentioned. For example, in the Middle East we recognize that the biggest water related questions are around desalination and water reuse, to help the countries there that do not get much rainfall get more access to water. This is different from the US, Canada and the EU that has ample rainfall, ands main concern tends to environmental and public health harm reduction. 

Working with Coca Cola

What do you love most about your job?

I love that we get to solve hard challenges for our clients, while helping the environment and public health. 

What frontline technologies is your company looking at? If you could invent a time machine, what would the future look like for your business in 20 years? 

We actually are now a preferred partner for Zwitterco which has developed a new membrane that has promising lab results, and we hope this translates into promising installations for our clients. The Zwitterco membranes use a certain type of material which has both a negative and positive charge, this in effect reduces the amount of membrane fouling expected in a membrane system. 

To the second part of the question, I think that in 20 years from now, we will be a lot better about testing, and pinpointing sources of wastewater than we are today. If we could have a “magic” technology, it would be one type of filtration method that worked for all types of pollutants.

What research centers around the world are doing the best work in wastewater remediation? 

That is a good question. I would say the best research still comes out of universities. For example, the Reverse Osmosis, and the new membranes I have talked about previously, both came out of partnerships with labs from universities. This is very common across industries, not just ours. You see this in tech, as well as biotech and pharma. 

How do things get trickier in areas where aquifers are depleted, like in California, or let’s say in Saudi Arabia? 

We expect people in this region to be more concerned with water use reduction, instead of just water filtration. As water becomes more scarce, it becomes more expensive, leading to higher input water costs for manufacturing plants. 

Could you work with agriculture solutions that use treated greywater? If yes, how. Hydroponics, aquaponics, greenhouse ag or conventional farming.

Yes this is common in our industry, where a farm will need to filter their wastewater, and then are actually able to use the filtered water to water their crops of something of this nature. While wastewater filtered by our systems are not always drinkable, it is often clean enough to use for other purposes. 

What does a company need to do today to ensure they can scale their water treatment solutions so they will be relevant in 15 years?

A lot of the time it comes down to planning ahead. We work with our clients to understand their production goals now, and in the future, to figure out the size of the water system that needs to be installed in order to handle and plant expansions that may be in the future. 

Now how can we ensure that we scale? I think we just need to stick to our plan, which is to give our customers the best systems we can at a fair price. This allows us to show our competence, and has helped grow our name in the wastewater industry.

Give us a bit about your background. 

I have had a very entrepreneurial career. I left the corporate world early on, and helped scale a chemical disposal company working with the founders. From there I founded a few companies, one of which was bioprocessAlgae, which aimed to turn Algae into biofuel. I have a finance/business background and took up a masters in environmental science from Brown University. 

::BioprocessH2O website

Egypt overhauls its irrigation system in anticipation of losing the Nile

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GERD Ethiopian dam
GERD Ethiopian dam

Egypt is modernizing its massive irrigation network—lining canals, expanding drip and sprinkler systems across approximately 3.7 million feddans, about 6,000 square miles, and deploying smart irrigation technologies—not just for efficiency, but as preparation for potential reductions in Nile water. Sources highlight that Egypt’s modernization targets could slash irrigation waste by up to one-third, potentially saving billions of cubic meters annually. 

The urgency is fueled by growing water scarcity—Egypt now faces an annual deficit of around 7 billion m³, exacerbated by population growth, climate change, and upstream projects like the GERD a new dam built by Ethiopis. While Egypt remains deeply reliant on the Nile, fears of reduced flows—especially during drought years or due to unilateral actions—have reinforced the strategic urgency for domestic resilience.

Egypt’s irrigation overhaul isn’t just about modern farming—it’s a proactive strategy to stretch its diminishing Nile share and future-proof agriculture in a volatile water landscape. Its expansive irrigation modernization initiative aims to enhance agricultural efficiency and protect its water supply. The plan includes upgrading field-level irrigation systems, lining canals, and introducing smart water management—all aimed at transforming inefficient flood irrigation and securing the Nile’s vital flows.

The Ministry of Planning in Egypt has budgeted nearly EGP 144.8 billion (~$3 billion USD) for agriculture and irrigation in FY 2025–26, including public and private funding, targeting improved irrigation systems and increased yield per feddan. And it is also targeting modernization across 3.7 million feddans, switching from traditional flood methods to semi-modern techniques like drip and pivot irrigation over the next few years. These changes could reduce water usage by up to 30% while boosting productivity by 30–40%.

Egypt’s top farm exports to global markets are led by citrus fruits (about 4.2 billion lb shipped in mid-2025, ≈1.9 MMT) with orchards covering roughly 152,000 ha (~375,600 acres); followed by potatoes (~2.9 billion lb exports; national harvested area ~213,000 ha or ~526,300 acres); fresh onions (~511 million lb exports; ~64,000 ha or ~158,100 acres under cultivation); table grapes (~351 million lb exports; harvested area ~73,000 ha or ~180,400 acres); and sweet potatoes (~273 million lb exports; 2023 area ~12,427 ha or ~30,700 acres).

Collectively, these crops drive roughly $4 billion in annual farm export earnings, underscoring Egypt’s pivotal role in regional food supply chains.

Cotton is still very much a thing in Egypt, though its role has shifted. Egypt is famous for its long-staple and extra-long-staple cotton, often branded internationally as Egyptian Cotton. It has a reputation for high-quality, fine fibers used in luxury textiles and bedding. Production peaked in the mid-20th century, but land competition with food crops, water constraints, and global price fluctuations have reduced its cultivated area.

Yes—cotton remains a notable Egyptian crop. In calendar year 2024, Egypt’s raw cotton exports were valued at about $475 million, driven by the country’s famed long- and extra-long-staple fibers (“Egyptian cotton”). For context, USDA projects MY 2024/25 raw cotton exports at roughly 184,000 bales (480-lb bales).

If implemented well, the overhaul could save billions of cubic meters annually, relieve pressure on groundwater, and strengthen Egypt’s position in Nile water discussions. However, key challenges include financing costs, farmer acceptance, and ensuring “saved” water doesn’t simply expand water-intensive agriculture. Companies like Netafim, the regional and global pioneer of drip irrigation systems, could help Egypt achieve its goals.

Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam, GERD Ethiopia, Blue Nile hydroelectric project, Ethiopia Nile River dam, Africa’s largest dam, Ethiopian hydropower, GERD water security, Nile River dispute, Ethiopia Egypt Sudan water conflict, renewable energy Ethiopia
Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) on the Blue Nile — Africa’s largest hydroelectric project reshaping East Africa’s power supply and sparking regional water security debates.

Egypt’s irrigation system has roots in millennia-old techniques, from Aswan Dam regulation to historic canal networks. The current program builds on this heritage, blending tradition with pressure-based systems and digital monitoring. Watch developments on the GERD dam opening this year from Ethiopia as water volume from the Nile that goes to Egypt may drop dramatically.

Further reading on Green Prophet:

Saudi Arabia’s $650M bet on desalination

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Desalination and power plant powered by the sun
Desalination and power plant powered by the sun in the new ultra-luxury Shebara resort, Saudi Arabia

Saudi Arabia has inked a major financing deal to modernize desalination—again. The Saudi Water Authority (SWA) signed an agreement with the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) and the Kingdom’s National Infrastructure Fund (Infra) to support upgrades at Jubail Phase I and Khobar Phase II, with total financing of USD 650 million. Signed on the sidelines of AIIB’s Annual Meeting in Beijing (June, 2025), the package will convert aging multi-stage flash (MSF) assets to reverse osmosis (RO)—the global standard for lower-energy, modular desalination.

According to the parties, AIIB will provide the lion’s share—over SAR 1.6 billion (~USD 450 million)—one of the bank’s largest non-sovereign corporate financings to date, while Infra contributes SAR 750 million (~USD 200 million) via a Murabaha facility. SWA executives say the modernization extends plant life by ~20 years, boosts output, and slashes energy intensity—key to Saudi’s climate and efficiency goals under Vision 2030.

Reverse osmosis uses membranes and pressure, not heat, to separate salts from seawater. It’s already the backbone of the world’s newest mega-plants, including Khobar Phase II, which has reached record daily production of ~671,000 m³. By replacing MSF trains with RO skids, operators can cut electricity demand and integrate solar and wind power more easily—vital in a grid pivoting toward renewables and green hydrogen.

But desalination isn’t a silver bullet. RO still concentrates salts and trace pollutants into brine, a disposal challenge for sensitive Red Sea reef ecosystems. Efficiency upgrades matter, yet so do smarter outfalls, brine-to-minerals recovery, and robust monitoring—especially along coastlines already under stress from microplastics and warming seas.

Don’t Forget Brackish Water

Saudi water isn’t only about the sea. The Kingdom also taps brackish inland aquifers—less salty than seawater—where RO can operate at a fraction of the energy and cost. With proper reuse and aquifer-recharge strategies, brackish desalination can relieve pressure on coastal plants and reduce the carbon footprint. The catch? Inland concentrate management. Without coastal dilution, brine needs evaporation ponds, deep-well injection, or recovery of valuable minerals to prevent soil and groundwater impacts.

Alongside hardware upgrades, Saudi utilities are embracing “smart water” analytics—pilots often grouped under initiatives like IRYIS—to track losses, predict failures, and squeeze more value from every cubic meter. Think AI-assisted pressure management, pipeline leak detection, and SCADA-integrated demand forecasting. In a country where urban resilience now hinges on real-time data, the software layer may deliver savings on par with plant retrofits.

Mark Tester, Ryan
IRYIS, formerly Red Sea Farms Founder Mark Tester

NEOM’s Big “Eco” Claim—And the Caveats

No Saudi water story is complete without NEOM, the high-profile giga-project selling a future of “100% renewable desalination,” circular brine chemistry, and hydrogen-powered industry. Ambition is welcome—Saudi needs moonshots to decouple water from oil. Yet branding vast coastal megaprojects as ecological projects raises tough questions about biodiversity impacts, embodied carbon, and social footprints along the Red Sea. But follow the money as plenty of Europeans are readying to greenwash NEOM for hard to ignore dividends.

If “green” is to be more than a marketing color, delivery must match the deck: renewables actually powering RO 24/7, brine managed as a resource not a waste, and transparent reporting on emissions and marine health.

The SWA–AIIB–Infra package signals a maturing water finance market. Blended capital, corporate structures, and performance-based upgrades can scale faster than sovereign megaprojects alone. As AIIB notes, “modernization” is climate adaptation—hardening critical supply while cutting energy per liter. If paired with demand-side efficiency, heritage water know-how, and water-smart urbanism, Saudi could pivot from crisis-driven builds to a resilient, circular water economy.

“This financing represents a significant step toward enhancing the water sector’s sustainability, increasing climate resilience, and improving the efficiency of national projects,” says Eng. Sharekh Al-Sharekh, SWA VP for Technical Affairs and Projects. AIIB calls it a commitment to “long-term water security” through modernization.

Desalination will remain a pillar of Saudi water security. The question is whether this new wave—RO retrofits, brackish efficiency, IRYIS-style analytics, and the grand NEOM promise—can turn “more water” into better water: lower-carbon, nature-literate, and honestly measured against the ecosystems it touches.

What to Watch Next in Saudi Arabia

  • How quickly MSF units are retired and RO capacity ramps without service gaps.
  • Proof that renewables—not oil and gas—are powering more of Saudi’s water.
  • More Saudis in the workforce managing stakes in their own resources
  • Transparent data on brine salinity, temperature, and outfall impacts in the Red Sea.
  • Scaling of wastewater reuse and agri-water efficiency to reduce desal demand growth.

Further reading on Green Prophet

 

Water conflicts in the Middle East region to watch in 2025

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Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam, GERD Ethiopia, Blue Nile hydroelectric project, Ethiopia Nile River dam, Africa’s largest dam, Ethiopian hydropower, GERD water security, Nile River dispute, Ethiopia Egypt Sudan water conflict, renewable energy Ethiopia
Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) on the Blue Nile — Africa’s largest hydroelectric project reshaping East Africa’s power supply and sparking regional water security debates.

The Syrian civil war was an indirect result of extreme drought in Syria at the time. As history unfolds before us, we see that lack of water breeds unrest and unrest leads to conflicts that spill between countries in the Middle East and North Africa region –– often referred to as MENA, if you are a policy maker. So how can global powers exert soft power to avoid conflict and avert major climate migration?

Water scarcity isn’t only an environmental issue—it’s a driver of political tension, migration, and even conflict. In the Middle East and North Africa, shared rivers, shrinking aquifers, and climate stress are making water diplomacy as critical as water technology.

Green Prophet is keeping our eye on various areas of concern:

The Nile Basin: Egypt, Sudan, and Ethiopia remain locked in dispute over the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD). Without a binding agreement on dam operations, water security for millions downstream is at risk. As of July this year, Ethiopian Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed publicly announced that the GERD is now fully constructed, with plans to officially inaugurate it in September 2025. What will happen when it goes online?

The Jordan River: Water allocation between Israel, Jordan, and Palestine is under strain from drought and population growth. While it was once a major river in the Levante area, the Jordan River today is a trickle of its former glory. Water diplomacy through groups like Friends of the Middle East – good friends to Green Prophet, may not only be averting crises, but is a path to peace and prosperity in the Holy Land.

EcoPeace at the Jordan River

The Tigris-Euphrates: Turkey’s dam projects and climate-driven drought are squeezing flows to Iraq and Syria. Turkey’s ambitious Southeastern Anatolia Project (GAP) includes more than 22 major dams and 19 hydroelectric plants across the Tigris and Euphrates basins, with key structures like the Atatürk and Ilısu dams. These have significantly altered and reduced downstream flows into Syria and Iraq. In Iraq, the Euphrates has seen over a 60% reduction in flow over the past two decades, while the Tigris has also shrunk alarmingly.

The Tigris River flowing through southeastern Turkey, where major dam projects are altering water flows to Iraq and Syria.
The Tigris River flowing through southeastern Turkey, where major dam projects are altering water flows to Iraq and Syria.

Climate Change as a Threat Multiplier

Rising temperatures, unpredictable rainfall, and more frequent droughts amplify existing disputes. Water scarcity can fuel unrest, as seen in Iran’s Khuzestan protests, and can undermine fragile peace deals in post-conflict states like Libya and Yemen.

While water can be a source of conflict—it is veritably a bridge to peace. As scarcity worsens, MENA nations must decide whether to compete for the last drops or collaborate for shared security. The coming years will test their capacity for water diplomacy.

Extreme marathon running may carry colon cancer risk

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marathon des sables, single man running
A competitor climbs a dune, during the third stage of the 24rd Marathon des Sables in the Sahara desert, some 300 kilometers, south of Ouarzazate, Southern Morocco.

A new prospective study from the Inova Schar Cancer Institute is prompting both curiosity and caution—suggesting that very high-volume endurance running might be linked to an increased risk of precancerous colon lesions. Dr. Timothy Cannon, co-director of the Gastrointestinal Cancer Program at Inova, noticed an unusual trend: ultramarathon runners under age 40 were presenting with advanced-stage colorectal cancer.

Troubled by this pattern, he initiated a clinical study to investigate if prolonged endurance running could be a factor. “These were otherwise healthy athletes with no known genetic predisposition or inflammatory conditions,” Dr. Cannon said. “Given that many runners describe bleeding after running … the intense physical stress of endurance training could be contributing to a higher likelihood of mutagenesis causing precancerous polyps,” he said.

Related: The 10 best desert marathons

Between October 2022 and December 2024, the study recruited 100 runners aged 35–50—individuals free of hereditary cancer syndromes or inflammatory bowel disease—who had completed at least five marathons or two ultramarathons. Each underwent a screening colonoscopy, with findings carefully evaluated by a panel of experts. The results were striking:

  • 15% had advanced adenomas—precancerous lesions that are significantly higher than the typical 1–2% expected in average-risk individuals of the same age.
  • A larger group—41%—had at least one adenoma.

“It was a surprise to me—it was that many,” Cannon added, referencing the unusually high prevalence of adenomas in the cohort.”

woman running in black body suit on a track

Experts stress that this initial study is not definitive for various reasons:

  • The study was small, lacked a control group of non-runners, and remains unpublished in a peer-reviewed journal
  • Dr. Cathy Eng noted uncertainty: “Would [those polyps] have already been present regardless of their athletic status?”
  • Dr. Christina Dieli-Conwright emphasized, “I would hate to deter people from running … That would be unfair to running.” She described the findings as “thought-provoking” but in need of further research.

Until more research is done on non-runners, researchers propose a plausible—but unproven—mechanism: during prolonged intense exercise, blood is diverted away from the gastrointestinal tract, potentially leading to repeated intestinal ischemia (low blood flow), injury, and inflammation, which may foster precancerous changes.

Dr. Cannon underscores the importance of not discouraging exercise: “The bigger problem with our health is we don’t exercise enough. People should keep exercising, for sure.”

Yet he also urges vigilance: “I feel strongly that young runners who have blood in their stool after long runs … should receive screening. The good news is that screening can prevent advanced cancers.”

Who’s monitoring the UAE’s cloud seeding programs?

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Flooding in Dubai
Flooding in Dubai, 2024

While not making headlines this month, the UAE’s cloud-seeding program continues to attract both attention and skepticism. Cloud seeding—dispersing substances like silver iodide or salt particles into clouds to encourage rainfall—has been part of the country’s water-security strategy for decades. The UAE’s National Center of Meteorology has long framed the practice as an innovative approach to supplement scarce freshwater resources in an arid climate.

Yet critics, particularly after the 2024 Gulf storms, have argued that the technology may worsen extreme rainfall events and flooding. During those storms, severe flooding inundated parts of Dubai and Abu Dhabi, prompting speculation on social media and in some regional outlets that cloud-seeding flights had intensified rainfall.

Officials and weather scientists have repeatedly rejected a causal link between cloud seeding and the floods. The UAE’s meteorological authorities have pointed out that storms are driven by large-scale atmospheric systems, and that cloud seeding cannot create storms from nothing—it can only enhance precipitation in clouds that already have potential for rain. The Times of India reported that international meteorological experts also dismissed claims that cloud seeding was a primary factor in the 2024 events, noting that the scale of rainfall was consistent with natural variability and climate-change-driven extremes.

This debate is instructive beyond meteorology. It illustrates how government-led interventions in environmental systems—whether in the atmosphere, the ocean, or on land—can be portrayed as bold solutions while also facing public doubt about unintended consequences.

Cloud seeding, like artificial reef construction or large-scale afforestation projects, often enjoys positive framing in official narratives and promotional campaigns. But without independent, peer-reviewed assessment, such projects can leave the public reliant on institutional claims. This information gap can breed suspicion, especially when interventions coincide with extreme or unexpected events.

Broader Implications

As America evaluates private climate-engineering companies like Make Sunsets, the UAE example underscores the need for:

Independent evaluation — Transparent, third-party assessments of environmental interventions.

Clear communication — Proactive public engagement on scientific limits and potential risks.

Data transparency — Open publication of monitoring results, allowing independent scrutiny.

These principles apply equally to ocean engineering projects, geoengineering proposals, and climate adaptation measures in other parts of the world. In each case, the balance between innovation and precaution determines not only the environmental outcome but also public trust. Since the UAE does not have a free press and does not accept criticism of its government it will likely take international pressure from the US and Europe to ensure that a regulatory body oversees cloud seeding projects undertaking in the UAE.

Related articles:

The Flash Flood Wave Redefining Policy in the MENA Region

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Flooding in Dubai
Flooding in Dubai, 2024

If you’ve ever imagined the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region as forever sun-drenched and dry, recent flash floods may challenge that mental image. In just the past year, cities across MENA—from Dubai to Amman—have found themselves underwater after sudden, massive storms. These deluges aren’t freak weather—they’re a warning. And they’re finally forcing governments to rethink how cities are built, how water is managed, and how communities can adapt to climate change. We learn from an earthquake in Afghanistan that earthen buildings need to be retrofitted. What more can we learn?

A perfect storm of climate change, rapid urban growth, and geography is worsening flash flood risk across MENA:

  • Climate volatility: As temperatures rise, rainstorms become more intense. Dubai recently received double its annual rainfall in just 24 hours—an unprecedented event that shut down airports and submerged neighborhoods. Similar events have struck Oman, Saudi Arabia, and Bahrain.
  • Concrete jungles: Urban sprawl is replacing absorbing soil with impermeable concrete. Cities like Amman and Riyadh lack adequate drainage, causing stormwater to rush into streets rather than soak into the sand and soil.
  • Wadi danger zones: MENA’s dry riverbeds—wadis—can become deadly torrents during heavy rainfall. In conflict-ridden places like Libya and Yemen, flash floods worsen humanitarian crises.

Flash floods are no longer seen as once-in-a-lifetime disasters—they’re becoming recurring disruptors that demand new thinking:

  • Risk mapping ushers in smarter planning: Oman is actively mapping flood zones, classifying areas into high, medium, and low risk. Officials there are proposing 18 dams in vulnerable wadis to buffer future floods.
  • Regional cooperation is emerging: The newly proposed MENA-WaFFNet (MENA Flash Flood Network) aims to unify scientific efforts across countries—Morocco to UAE—improving how flash floods are predicted, monitored, and managed.
  • New tools are enabling early warnings: Programs like MEACAM offer real-time flood predictions to governments and communities, helping save lives before waters rise.

These policy shifts—from structural flood controls to science-backed warning systems—can change everything:

  • Safer urban design: Building flood-aware infrastructure—like absorptive pavement, green spaces, and smart drainage—can reduce damage and save lives.
  • Community resilience: Flood maps, early warnings, and local awareness empower residents to act before disaster strikes.
  • Climate readiness: Managing water wisely in flash flood scenarios complements drought planning and secures the delicate balance of desert-edge living.

Flash floods are teaching us that in MENA’s rapidly changing climate, ignoring water management is no longer an option. Every flood is a lesson—and now, that lesson is reaching city halls and planning ministries. Governments are finally acknowledging that deserts can drown. From dams to data networks, policy is finally catching up—and future-proofing may become the norm, not the exception.

 

The 2025 Aga Khan Architecture Winners: Building Resilience and Community

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Esna’s revival turns a once-neglected Nile city into a vibrant hub where restored heritage, cultural tourism, and community enterprise work hand-in-hand.
Esna’s revival turns a once-neglected Nile city into a vibrant hub where restored heritage, cultural tourism, and community enterprise work hand-in-hand.

I’m always floored when architecture transcends gimmicks and becomes a force for good—design that’s not just beautiful, but meaningful, sustainable, and deeply rooted in community. That’s exactly why the winners of the 2025 Aga Khan Award for Architecture deserve our applause and attention.

On September 2 in Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic, the independent Master Jury unveiled seven inspiring winners from the 2023–2025 cycle. Spread across Bangladesh, China, Egypt, Iran, and Pakistan, these projects blend climate adaptation, cultural preservation, education, and inclusive design—all powered by architecture’s quiet optimism. Collectively, they share a $1 million prize, but each brings its own vision of resilience and sustainability.

Let’s dive in to meet a few projects we love

Egypt – Revitalisation of Historic Esna

Once overlooked, Esna is now buzzing with restored architecture, cultural tourism, and grassroots economic life. A delicate balance of urban strategy and heritage preservation, showing how cities can heal through design.

Iran – Majara Residence & Community Redevelopment

Hormuz Island’s distinctive ochre hills inspired domed lodgings that merge with the rainbow landscape. The playful, vibrant pods build local tourism sustainably—keeping architecture poetic and place-based. Green Prophet’s architect writer and architect says the award is not justified for the Majara Residence which was built without environmental oversight and too close to the shore.

Iran – Jahad Metro Plaza, Tehran

An old metro station has been reborn as a bustling pedestrian hub. The design honors Iran’s architectural DNA with handmade bricks, tying heritage and urban renewal into one warm, textural monument.

Why These Projects Matter for Sustainability

What unites these winners is more than materials and design—it’s a shared commitment to building systems that last, uplift, and connect. From modular flood-ready homes in Bangladesh to cultural revival in Esna, each project shows how architecture can foster resilience—socially, environmentally, and psychologically.

As Prince Rahim Aga Khan put it, the Award aims to “plant seeds of optimism—quiet acts of resilience that grow into spaces of belonging, where the future may thrive in dignity and hope.” And Farrokh Derakhshani reminds us: “Architecture … can—and must—be a catalyst for hope, shaping not only the spaces we inhabit but the futures we imagine.”

The Aga Khan is the hereditary title held by the spiritual leader, or Imam, of the Shia Imami Ismaili Muslims, a branch of Shia Islam. Today, the title is held by His Highness Prince Shah Karim al-Husseini, Aga Khan IV, who has led the Ismaili community since 1957. The position is both religious and philanthropic—the Aga Khan guides the faith of millions of Ismaili Muslims worldwide while also running one of the world’s largest private development networks: the Aga Khan Development Network (AKDN).

1,600-Year-Old Samaritan Farm Estate Found in Kafr Qasim Shows How Ancient Communities Lived Sustainably

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Imagine finding a 1,600-year-old farm that’s still telling stories about how people grew their food, shared resources, and lived with the land. That’s exactly what happened in Kafr Qasim, central Israel, where archaeologists uncovered a huge agricultural estate belonging to the Samaritans—an ancient community related to the Jewish people, who followed the Torah but had their own traditions and worship sites.

Today, the Samaritans are a small group of a few hundred people living in Israel and the West Bank. But 1,500 years ago, they were a thriving community spread across the region. This discovery is exciting not just for history buffs—it also offers clues about how ancient farmers worked with nature, ideas we can still use for sustainable farming today.

The excavation, carried out by the Israel Antiquities Authority (IAA) and funded by the Israel Ministry of Construction and Housing, revealed buildings decorated with colorful mosaics, an olive oil press, and even a public ritual bath known as a miqveh. The site is within Khirbet Kafr Ḥatta, a settlement that existed from the 4th to 7th centuries CE—spanning the end of the Roman Empire into the Byzantine period.

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One of the most stunning finds was a large mosaic floor filled with patterns and pictures of plants and foods grown in the area—grapes, dates, watermelons, artichokes, and asparagus. At the entrance, a Greek inscription wished the homeowner “Good Luck!” It’s a personal touch that makes the past feel very close, like the people who lived there could walk back in at any moment.

Food, Faith, and Clean Production

North of the main house, archaeologists found a big olive press, a warehouse, and the miqveh. This layout suggests the Samaritans pressed their olives into oil while keeping the process religiously pure. The olive press had two wings—one for crushing and pressing, and another for storage and support rooms. This type of press was more common in Jerusalem and the Judean lowlands, meaning the Samaritans may have been borrowing ideas and technology from other regions.

Olive oil wasn’t just for cooking—it was used for lighting lamps, in medicine, and in religious rituals. Producing it locally, and with care for purity, meant the community could meet its needs without over-relying on outside trade. It’s a reminder that local, sustainable food systems are not a new idea—they’ve been around for thousands of years.

Over the years, the estate changed. Some of the fancy mosaic floors were damaged when new walls were built. Columns and capitals from older buildings were reused in new structures. The archaeologists think these changes may be linked to political unrest—specifically, Samaritan revolts against Byzantine rulers in the 5th and 6th centuries CE, when restrictive laws targeted religious minorities.

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What’s remarkable is that, unlike other Samaritan sites destroyed in these uprisings, the Kafr Qasim estate survived and kept its Samaritan identity. Excavators even found ceramic oil lamps with Samaritan symbols, showing that the people stayed connected to their heritage despite outside pressures. That kind of resilience is something we still need in the face of modern challenges like climate change and food security.

Why It Matters for Sustainability

This site isn’t just about pretty mosaics or ancient artifacts—it’s about how people lived in balance with their environment. The Samaritans grew their own food, processed it locally, reused building materials, and built infrastructure to last generations. These are all practices that fit into modern ideas like the circular economy and permaculture.

By studying ancient estates like this, we can see what worked for communities over centuries—and what led to their decline. It’s a chance to learn from both the successes and mistakes of the past, whether it’s about farming techniques, water management, or adapting to political change.

According to Israel’s Minister of Heritage, Rabbi Amichai Eliyahu, the find tells “another chapter in the shared story of the Jews and the Samaritans… communities that lived by the Torah, shared common roots, and experienced similar hardships.” For archaeologists, it’s a chance to piece together centuries of history; for the rest of us, it’s a reminder that sustainability isn’t just a modern buzzword—it’s a way of life humans have practiced, and sometimes forgotten, for millennia.

 

Replacing gas with Copper’s battery-equipped $6000 induction stove

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Copper, battery induction oven

Berkeley startup Copper closes a Series A to scale a new class of “battery-in-appliance” induction ranges that plug into standard outlets, potentially reshaping kitchens, buildings, and the grid. 

Battery-equipped induction stoves just took a major step toward the mainstream. Copper—maker of a 120-volt, plug-in induction range with an internal battery—raised $28 million to expand production and enter new markets. As American consumers race to replace their polluting indoor gas stoves and ovens with solutions that work, Copper is a step in the right direction.

The financing was led by climate-focused investor Prelude Ventures with participation from Building Ventures and existing backers Voyager, Collaborative Fund, Climactic, Designer Fund, Necessary Ventures, Leap Forward Ventures, and Climate Capital.

The round comprises equity and venture debt. Prelude Ventures led the Series A; the company also confirmed venture debt in the capital stack. “Copper has built a category-defining company… we were particularly impressed with the team’s relentless execution and the strength of their patent portfolio covering batteries in appliances,” said Mark Cupta, Managing Director at Prelude Ventures.

Copper CEO and co-founder Sam Calisch added, “This new capital will enable Copper to scale into additional products, helping millions upgrade their homes, ditch gas, and support the clean grid.”

Americans have been wary of gas appliances since news came out that cookstoves leaking methane gas may be causing health problems like cancer in the US.

Why is Copper a game-changer?

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Copper – only $6000 to replace your gas stovetop and oven

Most induction ranges require a 240-V circuit and an electrical panel upgrade—an expensive non-starter in older buildings. Copper’s range plugs into a standard 120-V outlet; its built-in battery supplies bursts of extra power when needed for searing or boiling. That design slashes installation cost and complexity for landlords and homeowners, accelerates gas-to-electric switching, and opens the door to using millions of small, distributed batteries as flexible grid resources.

The model is already landing fleet-scale deals. New York City’s Housing Authority (NYCHA) selected Copper for a $32 million program to install 10,000 stoves in public-housing apartments—part of a push to reduce indoor air pollution and electrify kitchens without rewiring buildings.

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Beyond cooking, embedded batteries can form a virtual power plant (VPP)—so appliances help the grid ride through peaks and avoid gas peaker plants. Copper piloted a California VPP in 2024; broader analyses show VPPs can deliver substantial capacity and consumer savings if programs are funded and scaled.

The science and public-health case for switching from gas

Induction eliminates combustion indoors. Multiple studies from top universities find that gas and propane stoves raise indoor nitrogen dioxide (NO2) to unhealthy levels, contribute to childhood asthma, leak climate-warming methane, and can emit benzene during use. Key findings come from Stanford’s Doerr School of Sustainability and collaborators (NO2 exposures, methane leakage), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health (health burden estimates), and peer-reviewed studies on benzene emissions.

For renters and homeowners, a plug-in induction range removes the need for an electrician and panel upgrade, delivering fast, precise heat and cooler kitchens. Early reviews have praised performance; press reports put retail pricing around $5,999 for Copper’s least-expensive model, with potential incentives available depending on location and policy. $6 grand for a stove is a luxury item that we believe will limit buy-ins, but which will accelerate copy-cat appliance makers, especially from China, to fill the void for lower income earners who want to get rid of gas appliances.

Copper’s financing signals investor appetite for electrification that solves retrofit pain points and unlocks grid value. Expect copycats and adjacent products (battery-equipped heat-pump appliances, water heating, and laundry) to follow.

The company says it will expand its platform into additional products—with patents covering batteries in appliances providing defensive moats.

Related reading on Green Prophet

 

Pilsok turns airbags into bags

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Pilsok bag, upcycled from air bags
A Pilsok bag, upcycled from air bags

What happens to a car’s airbag after it’s decommissioned? In Kyiv, the answer is unexpectedly stylish. Pilsok, a Ukrainian accessories label founded in 2007, has released beetle backpacks and shoulder bags cut from retired airbags—light, durable nylon engineered to save lives now saving materials from landfill. The team explained that it can take “about three airbags to create one backpack,” and that they “came across airbags taken from disassembled cars” after testing other surplus materials.

Pilsok says the bags are cut and stitched in-house in Kyiv, with each piece reflecting the folds, seams and printed codes of the airbag it came from—making every bag unique by design. We have a feature on the Pilsok beetle backpack here. The bad news is that you probably won’t find one instock. Drops are rare and they sell out fast. Read here about Pilsok beetle bags and how they are made.

Pilsok isn’t alone. In Zurich, FREITAG launched the F700 ARROW and F708 FIREBIRD shoppers “made from accident-free airbags and used tension belts,” embracing a “bag-follows-form” approach that preserves the original folds and shapes.

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FREITAG, F700 bags made from airbags

Germany’s AIRPAQ manufactures backpacks and accessories by reusing “discarded car airbags, seat belts, and belt buckles,” and has been recognized by European retail and innovation programs for circular design.

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Airpaq bags made from upcycled airbags

The same upcycling logic has reached aviation. In 2025, Emirates announced a second “Aircrafted by Emirates” drop: a limited run of 167 handmade pieces crafted from retrofitted A380 and 777 interiors, from aluminum headrests to leather and seatbelts.

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Aircrafted by Emirates

Airbag textiles are engineered for extreme stresses—lightweight, tear-resistant, and stable when stitched—so they’re a natural fit for durable day bags. Upcycling research also shows that objects with a visible “prior life” can carry stronger emotional stories, nudging buyers toward repair and long use. As one study neatly put it, “turning an old car airbag into a backpack.

20 years of R-R-R: what’s next

Two decades into mainstream Reduce–Reuse–Recycle, fashion’s center of gravity is shifting from one-off “eco” drops to circular design—materials that can loop, products built for repair, and business models that favor take-back, refurbishment, and resale. The upcycled-airbag movement is one thread in a larger fabric: premium brands are trialing biobased and compostable polymers, experimenting with “living” or self-healing materials, and investing in traceability so customers can see a product’s full story. For a deeper dive into how circular design is maturing, see Green Prophet’s analysis of what circular design means in 2025.

Pilsok’s work is a pragmatic, local example of circularity: identify a high-performance waste stream (retired airbags), design with its constraints (panels, folds, labels), manufacture locally, and make repairable, long-lived products. It sits comfortably alongside other stories we’ve tracked at Green Prophet—from aviation upcycling to new materials—showing how design thinking has matured since the early days of R-R-R.

havie upcycled hipsters
Havie founders making aprons from old tents in Jaffa

Related reading on Green Prophet

Upcycled aviation: Emirates turns retired aircraft into luxury bags (limited-edition “Aircrafted” collection).

Biomaterials & circular design: Stella McCartney’s compostable sneakers (BioCir® Flex); Stella McCartney chooses Balena for upcycled foamy fashion; living plastics that clean water; ten future-forward sustainable fashion companies; slow and sustainable fashion through your eyewear; and our overview of circular design in 2025.

DIY upcycling roots: turn old T-shirts into bags; fuse plastic bags into durable sheeting; and a very early look at creative reuse in recycled map “infobags”. For more, browse our sustainable fashion and circular fashion archives.

 

Would you eat a 100 year-old perpetual stew?

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Would you eat a 100 year-old stew?

Could one pot of stew last for decades—or even a century? Cooks in several traditions say yes. The idea behind a perpetual stew is simple: a pot of broth or stew is served, replenished, and carefully maintained so that its base is never completely replaced. In Chinese kitchens, a related practice is the master stock used to braise meats; some restaurants claim to have maintained the same stock—continuously refreshed—for generations. The value isn’t mystical; it’s about disciplined food safety and the remarkable flavors that develop when a broth is nurtured over time.

Long-lived stews and master stocks depend on strict routines. The liquid is brought to a full rolling boil at least once every 24 hours, then strained to remove perishables that could spoil, topped up with fresh water or stock, and rapidly cooled. In modern kitchens the pot is refrigerated between boils. If the liquid is neglected, turns sour, or shows off odors, it must be discarded. When the cycle is respected, the result is a stable, intensely flavored broth that can be maintained for years.

Why this tradition is sustainable?

Perpetual stews minimize waste by turning bones, trimmings, and leftovers into nourishment instead of landfill. Energy use can also be efficient when the stock is heated alongside other cooking. The method encourages seasonal, local eating: whatever is fresh—greens, grains, legumes, or scraps from the day’s prep—can go in, keeping the pot aligned with what’s available and affordable.

Perpetual stews sit comfortably in the wider world of fermentation—another time-tested way to coax nutrition and flavor from simple ingredients. For deeper context, see our conversation with fermentation pioneer Sandor Katz, “a conversation about fermentation for the future”, and our early review of his classic, Wild Fermentation. Fermentation know-how pervades everyday foods: from homemade kombucha and the rise of hard kombucha to naturally leavened breads like the sourdough starter you can culture on your counter and the pragmatic schedule that keeps it alive.

In our region, bread and ferments are living heritage. Explore Levant and Persian traditions in Middle Eastern bread, meet bakers reviving landraces in ancient wheat sourdough, and geek out with archaeology in Egyptian yeast revived after 5,000 years. For the health angle, see how fermented foods can support your gut and how certain probiotics may even influence sleep. Curious about culture and faith? We’ve covered questions like whether kombucha is halal, and you can browse many more stories in our fermentation archive and the broader Food section.

Perpetual stew vs. fermented foods

Kefir is a type of fermented milk that may help manage blood sugar, lower cholesterol, and boost digestive health, among other benefits. However, more evidence is needed to back some of these claims. The name kefir comes from the Turkish word “keyif,” which refers to the “good feeling” a person gets after drinking it.
Kefir is a type of fermented milk that may help manage blood sugar, lower cholesterol, and boost digestive health, among other benefits. However, more evidence is needed to back some of these claims. The name kefir comes from the Turkish word “keyif,” which refers to the “good feeling” a person gets after drinking it.

But, perpetual stew isn’t fermentation; it’s a cooked, frequently reboiled system designed to remain safe through heat, hygiene, and refreshment. Fermentation relies on beneficial microbes to transform raw ingredients at cool temperatures. Both methods extend shelf life, reduce waste, and build flavor, but they operate on different principles. In a sustainable kitchen they complement each other: fermented vegetables, breads, and drinks provide live cultures and bright acidity, while a master stock adds savory depth and turns scraps into meals.

If you want to try this at home for a week or more, keep the process simple and consistent. Start with a clean pot and a base of bones or vegetable trimmings, simmer gently to extract flavor, strain, and cool. Each day, bring the stock to a rolling boil for several minutes, skim, add fresh aromatics and water to restore volume, strain if needed, and refrigerate promptly. Use the broth to poach beans and grains, braise vegetables, or fortify stews; return the remaining liquid to the pot and repeat. If anything smells off, don’t take chances—compost it and start over.

Century-old master stocks are best thought of as a continuous practice rather than a single unchanged liquid. The flavor “memory” persists because yesterday’s molecules mingle with today’s additions, but safety depends on today’s boil, today’s strain, and today’s cooling. The concept echoes fermentation’s long arc through food and even technology—think of early bioprocess breakthroughs like Chaim Weizmann’s acetone-butanol fermentation—reminding us that microbes and time are powerful allies when we work with them responsibly.

 

Afghanistan’s earthquake and mud-brick homes. Can they rebuild safer and more sustainably?

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Mud brick home in Iran. Upgrades can be made so earth homes are seismic resistant.

Eastern Afghanistan was struck late on September 1, 2025 by a shallow magnitude-6.0 earthquake centered in the rugged Kunar region near the Pakistani border. Officials reported at least 800+ deaths—rising to 812 in some tallies—and thousands injured, with the worst destruction in Kunar and neighboring Nangarhar. The timing at night, the shallow focus (around 10 km), and the remoteness of mountain villages amplified the toll as whole clusters of homes failed.

Rescue teams faced blocked roads and difficult flying conditions after intense rainfall in the preceding 24 to 48 hours triggered landslides and rockfalls, cutting off communities and slowing evacuations by helicopter. An officer with the UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs noted that saturated slopes and debris left many routes impassable.

Why so many mud-brick homes failed

Mud-brick (adobe) is ubiquitous across Afghanistan because the materials are local, low-cost, and low-carbon. But unreinforced earthen walls are heavy and brittle; when shaken laterally they can crack and overturn suddenly, especially where construction lacks ring beams, vertical ties, or quality workmanship. Earthquake engineering guidance has long documented life-safety weaknesses in unreinforced adobe and the measures that improve performance.

Rainfall made matters worse. Raw earth loses strength when saturated; prolonged rain can erode foundations and soften wall toes, while shaking then pushes already weakened walls past failure. Where houses sit on steep slopes, the same rain that undermines walls also lubricates soil and colluvium, priming slopes to slide.

Quakes often trigger slides in mountainous terrain, but exposure and damage are magnified by land-use choices. Across Afghanistan, decades of conflict and poverty have driven deforestation, unmanaged road cutting, and settlement on unstable slopes—factors known to reduce slope stability and raise landslide risk. Reports and assessments highlight extensive forest loss in the northeast (including Kunar and Nuristan), widespread land degradation, and the role of road benches and slope undercutting in failures.

Earthen construction can be made significantly safer with well-known, low-tech improvements—without abandoning the sustainability advantages that make it attractive. International guidance specific to Afghanistan and to earthen buildings more broadly points to solutions that local masons and communities can apply with training and modest materials.

How to build back safer—while staying sustainable

Start with the site. Avoid active gullies, landslide scars, and steep toes of slopes; set houses back from cut slopes and stream banks; provide perimeter drains and raised plinths so foundations stay dry. Simple slope-stabilizing works (such as properly designed cut slopes and gabion retaining where essential) reduce local landslide risk.

Tie the structure together. A continuous bond (ring) beam at wall tops, laced to vertical elements, helps walls act as a unit. Buttresses or pilasters at corners and long wall runs, improved connections at wall intersections, and light, well-anchored roofs limit out-of-plane wall failures. Even cane, timber, or welded-wire mesh embedded in earthen walls can add crucial tensile capacity.

Stabilize the earth. Where budgets allow, stabilized earth mixes (with lime or other binders appropriate to local soils) improve moisture resistance and strength. Good soil selection and compaction, consistent lift heights, and high-quality plaster with fiber reinforcement limit cracking and water ingress.

Many at-risk homes can be upgraded in place: add ring beams and corner stitching; “wrap” walls with mesh and new plaster; stitch cracks; improve foundations and drainage; and strengthen openings with lintels and jambs. UN-Habitat’s post-disaster housing guidance emphasizes that staged, low-cost retrofitting can save lives quickly.

Learning from regional vernacular—without romanticizing risk

Responsible rebuilding can draw on the region’s deep lineage of climate-wise architecture while meeting seismic realities. Readers curious about earthen design lineages can explore our coverage of Hassan Fathy’s New Gourna, Fathy’s people-first design philosophy, and Nader Khalili’s earth-bag “Superadobe”, alongside contemporary examples like sandbag domes and Cal-Earth projects. Vernacular cooling methods—from Iran’s windcatchers (bādgir) to modern riffs on mashrabiya—demonstrate passive comfort strategies that also reduce operating carbon.

Across North Africa and the Middle East, long-lived earthen settlements like Ghadames in Libya, Syria’s beehive houses, and desert hospitality built around qanat water systems show how form, orientation, and thermal mass serve people and climate—knowledge that can be paired with seismic detailing rather than discarded.

For those exploring resilient off-grid typologies, see our primers on Earthships and this earlier guide on how they work, as well as practical accounts of earth-bag homes and concise principles of sustainable architecture. For a lighter take on low-tech cooling ingenuity, even Afghan taxi “windcatchers” have inspired DIY adaptations for heat resilience. Read that here.

The September 1 earthquake was a geologic shock compounded by saturated slopes and decades of environmental pressure. Unreinforced mud-brick failed catastrophically, but earthen homes do not have to be death traps. With careful site selection, drainage, ring beams and ties, better detailing around openings, and pragmatic retrofits, communities can keep the carbon savings of earth while gaining the life-safety benefits of modern seismic practice. The science and practical manuals exist; the challenge is organizing materials, training, and support to deploy them quickly and fairly in the mountains where they are most needed.

Global Sumud Flotilla sets sail with Greta Thunberg 

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Crew from the June, 2025 Freedom Flotilla

The latest bid to break Gaza’s naval blockade launched from Barcelona on Sunday under the name Global Sumud Flotilla. Around 20 boats began the voyage, but by Monday, strong winds reaching about 30 knots forced the convoy back to port. It’s a rough beginning that weather-watchers say could have been foreseen at this time of year. Some of the smaller vessels are not built for such conditions, raising the possibility that not all will make it into the eastern Mediterranean.

Organizers still expect reinforcements en route. The initial 20 vessels are set to be joined by others from ports along the Mediterranean, and CNN has reported that as many as 70 different types of watercraft could ultimately take part. That outlet’s suggested arrival dates of September 14 or 15 have been called unrealistic by some observers, but the scheduling appears designed to coincide with the high-profile UN General Assembly in New York later in September—timing that could amplify the mission’s political impact. The United States has currently blocked Palestinians from acquiring visas to attend the event.

The stated aim, if the flotilla sets out again, is to create a humanitarian sea corridor to deliver food, water, and medical aid to Gaza, where the war has deepened shortages and triggered UN warnings of famine. Given the logistical challenges that Israel and US-oriented aid organizations face with Hamas looting the proscribed aid from civilians in Gaza, it is not clear how even 20 boats of supplies will be able to make a more impactful dent in the situation.

“Sumud”, Arabic for steadfastness, is both a name and a mission statement. This initiative brings together the Global Movement to Gaza, the Freedom Flotilla Coalition (FFC), the Maghreb Sumud Flotilla, and Sumud Nusantara from Southeast Asia. The alliance says it plans multiple convoys of small, civilian vessels traveling in waves, aiming to reach Gaza by sea where land routes are restricted or closed.

Unlike earlier single-vessel sailings in 2025, this is a coordinated fleet. The core convoy departed Spain at the end of August, with other launches expected from Tunisia and additional ports around September 4. Organizers say representation spans six continents.

Who is on board?

Publicly named participants include Greta Thunberg, former Barcelona mayor Ada Colau, Portuguese MP Mariana Mortágua, and actor Liam Cunningham, alongside doctors, sailors, clergy, lawyers, and aid workers. Delegations represent dozens of countries, with hundreds of individuals in total.

The steering committee features Thunberg, historian Kleoniki Alexopoulou, rights advocates Yasemin Acar and Melanie Schweizer, and Palestinian activist Saif Abukeshek, among others. For security, many details about exact routes and schedules are withheld.

The operation is powered by grassroots fundraising. Crowdfunding campaigns run through platforms such as Chuffed (Global Sumud Flotilla), WhyDonate (e.g., the Dutch delegation), and donation portals hosted by Nonviolence International for US Boats to Gaza. These appeals cover costs for vessel hire, supplies, fuel, communications, safety gear, legal teams, and crew travel.

Budgets and donor lists are not fully public, but individual campaigns in the Netherlands, UK, and Ireland have posted funding updates online. No credible evidence has surfaced of direct government sponsorship.

Why now?

Israel’s naval blockade has been in place since 2007, following the takeover of Gaza by Hamas, a group designated as a terrorist organization by Israel, the United States, the European Union, and others. Israel maintains that under international law it has the right to prevent weapons and military equipment from reaching Hamas, and that the blockade is a security measure to protect its citizens from rocket fire and other attacks. Supporters of the flotilla reject this justification and argue that the policy amounts to collective punishment of Gaza’s civilians.

The current war—sparked by Hamas’s October 7, 2023 attacks that killed 1,200 people and resulted in 251 hostages—has brought severe aid restrictions. International agencies warn of worsening hunger. Organizers of the flotilla say a maritime route is urgently needed; Israel has consistently intercepted past blockade challenges. America attempted to build a dock for a marine route to aid, but fierce winds ripped the multi-million dollar pier apart not long after construction.

This is the largest effort since the deadly 2010 Mavi Marmara incident. Weather, port permissions, and the threat of interception remain immediate concerns.

Green Prophet has tracked this story from the beginning:

Greta Thunberg’s role: climate abandoned—or broadened?

Thunberg is a named member of the Sumud steering committee. Her participation has raised questions in the climate community about whether she’s shifting focus from environmental activism to high-profile geopolitical causes. Her track record in 2025 suggests otherwise. She has stayed active on climate issues—continuing her Fridays for Future work, joining mass protests at Norway’s largest oil refinery in August, and pursuing legal action in Sweden (despite the Supreme Court dismissing her climate lawsuit in February).

For Thunberg, Gaza is part of a wider environmental justice framework—where war amplifies existing climate vulnerabilities through damage to water, energy, and sanitation systems. This aligns with the climate-justice perspective that conflict zones often experience the sharpest environmental and public health crises.

The flotilla is progressing in phases, dictated by weather and safety checks. Israel has said it will continue to enforce the blockade under its right to self-defense against Hamas. Organizers intend to sail on unless storms or interceptions force changes. The next milestone is a mid-Mediterranean rendezvous with vessels from North Africa, before attempting the final run toward Gaza.

For over 15 years, Green Prophet has reported at the intersection of environment, water, and conflict in the Middle East. This flotilla embodies all three—an environmental justice cause traveling by sea into contested waters, under the shadow of armed conflict and security enforcement. We will continue to follow developments closely, grounded in verified facts and context.

Australia Bans Iconic Fish-Shaped Soy Sauce Packs to Tackle Plastic Pollution

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South Australia’s ban on fish-shaped soy sauce packets targets single-use plastics that often end up as microplastic pollution in oceans and on beaches.

In a world-first environmental move, South Australia has enacted a ban on the beloved fish-shaped soy sauce dispensers—known as “shoyu-tai”—effective 1 September 2025. The state government, led by Environment Minister and Deputy Premier Dr Susan Close, cited the absurdity of a single-use item so small yet so damaging, used for mere seconds but lingering in the environment for decades.

“Each plastic fish container is used for just seconds”—Close said—“yet their small size makes them easily dropped or blown away into drains, becoming common litter on beaches and streets.”

Though recyclable in theory, these novelty “soy fish” are too compact and irregular for most council recycling systems. As a result, they often end up in landfills or drift into waterways, contributing to pervasive microplastic pollution. Marine ecologist Dr Nina Wootton warned that wildlife might mistake these fragments—before they break down—for bait. “They could be mistaken for prey,” she cautioned, raising serious risks to marine ecosystems.:

This new prohibition sits within South Australia’s broader framework of single-use plastic reforms. Since 2021, businesses have eliminated over eight million disposable plastic items—including straws, fruit stickers, and polystyrene packaging. The soy fish ban marks another step in reducing plastic overload.

Plastic & Microplastic Realities

Plastic pollution isn’t just unsightly—it’s a profound environmental and health concern. Microplastics—tiny particles under 5 mm—originate from degraded packaging, textiles, cosmetics, and various single-use plastics. Once in water bodies, they persist, infiltrating food chains and even human bodies.}

Green Prophet has been tracking these risks in accessible features, such as its guide on reducing microplastic ingestion and broader entries in their Microplastics archive.

Dr Close emphasized that the ban encourages the shift toward sustainable alternatives: “The elimination directly reduces the volume of single-use plastic entering the waste stream.” Businesses are being supported through transition programs to adopt reusable, recyclable, or compostable options.

Environmental groups, including the Australian Marine Conservation Society, see this as small but meaningful progress. Campaigners urge broader, systemic transformations—including reductions in plastic production and stronger regulation of manufacturers—to truly stem plastic pollution.

These tiny soy sauce fish may seem quirky or innocuous—but they reflect a larger problem: our cultural reliance on “convenience packaging” that leaves long-lasting harm. Their ban signals a shift in mindset—from convenience to responsibility, from novelty to necessary change. As microplastics accumulate in ecosystems, every discarded fragment becomes part of a bigger threat to habitat, wildlife, and human health.

 

Earthships: the off-grid homes built to weather any future

Earthships: the off-grid homes built to weather any future
Earthships: the off-grid homes built to weather any future

In the high desert outside Taos, New Mexico, a cluster of otherworldly homes rises from the sagebrush. Curved walls sparkle with embedded glass; thick earthen berms blunt the wind. These are Earthships—self-sufficient buildings conceived more than 50 years ago by architect Michael E. Reynolds, founder of Earthship Biotecture.

Michael Reynolds, earthships vintage photo
Michael Reynolds has been building earthships, homes from trash for decades

An Earthship is designed to provide six human essentials from one structure: shelter, power, water, waste management, food, and thermal comfort. To do it, Earthships combine thermal mass (often earth-packed tires) and passive solar design for heating and cooling; rainwater collection with filtration and staged reuse (potable → greywater for plants → blackwater); and on-site renewable energy via rooftop solar (sometimes wind). Many include lush indoor greenhouses that turn wastewater into tomatoes, herbs—even bananas in alpine climates.

“After decades of trial and error, I finally feel like I know what I’m doing,” says Reynolds. “Now I’m spending the rest of my life sharing that knowledge.”

Who’s behind the movement

Reynolds began experimenting in the early 1970s—famously with can-and-bottle “bricks”—and formalized the approach as Earthship Biotecture. Today, his team’s projects span climates and countries, from luxury models like the Phoenix Earthship to pared-back disaster-relief builds.

For a Green Prophet primer from the archives, see “How to build an Earthship”.

earthship homes are built from trash
This earthship home in Phoenix is built from trash

A new virtual space: Earthship Backstage

To open up five decades of R&D, Earthship Biotecture recently launched Earthship Backstage, a members-only archive packed with original drawing sets, concept art, construction animations, engineering notes, rare books (including The Coming of Wizards), and Q&A videos with Reynolds. It’s both a living museum and a practical toolkit for builders, students, and policy-minded skeptics.

Learn it, then localize it

Earthships aren’t meant to be copied blindly from Taos; they’re a set of principles that adapt to place. If you’re Earthship-curious, start small and start local:

  1. Learn the principles—passive solar, thermal mass, staged water reuse, on-site renewables, and indoor food systems. A concise intro lives at Earthship.com.
  2. Check codes early—zoning and building rules vary widely. (Green Prophet has covered low-carbon building pathways across the region; e.g. adobe & straw in Israel.)
  3. Get hands-on—Earthship Biotecture runs Weekend Seminars in Taos (next up: Sept 27–28, 2025) and an in-person Academy, with a condensed one-week format launching in 2026.
  4. Use local materials—the “earth-first” ethic means sourcing what’s abundant and climate-appropriate.
  5. Prototype—build a greenhouse, studio, or battery room to master techniques before committing to a full home.

Materials & strategies by climate

One strength of Earthship design is material flexibility. The table below suggests starting points; always tune to local codes, hazards, and supply chains.

Climate / Biome Locally abundant materials Design focus Green Prophet context
Forests / Temperate Timber, straw bales, local stone, earth-packed tires Moisture control, air-tightness, high insulation R-values Strawbale how-to
Desert / Hot-dry Rammed earth, adobe, tires, bottle/can infill Thick thermal mass, shaded glazing, earth tubes for cooling Adobe & straw in arid zones
Cold / Mountain Stone, insulated rammed earth, straw bale hybrids South glazing, vestibules, storm-resilient detailing Earthship basics
Tropical / Humid Bamboo, reclaimed hardwoods, lime plasters Cross-ventilation, wide eaves, mold-resistant assemblies Bamboo architecture
Urban / Resource-constrained Salvaged brick, reclaimed concrete, upcycled composites Small footprints, shared systems, creative reuse Waste-to-house case study

Regional starting points

  • Middle East & North Africa (desert/arid): prioritize adobe/rammed earth, deep overhangs, night-flush ventilation; study vernacular masters like Hassan Fathy and New Gourna (read more).
  • Levant & Mediterranean (hot-dry summers, cool winters): hybridize stone or compressed earth with high-performance glazing and shading; consider cistern-centric water layouts.
  • Europe & North America—temperate/forest: straw-bale skins over earth-tire cores boost R-value; manage vapor carefully in wet seasons.
  • Cold continental/mountain: increase insulation, add airlocks/vestibules, optimize solar gain windows with insulated shutters; greenhouses double as heat buffers.
  • Tropical coastal: trade some mass for ventilation and shade; specify borate-treated bamboo and lime plasters to resist pests and mold.

Why it matters now

Grids strain under heat waves and storms; water scarcity grows; construction waste piles up. Earthships aren’t a universal answer—permits can be hard, sweat equity is real, and costs concentrate up front—but they’re proof that buildings can deliver resilience rather than passively consume it. They’re also a cultural bridge: a modern system that honors vernacular wisdom, from Nubian vaults to Mediterranean stonework.

Get involved

Bill and Athena Steen, strawbale building

Further reading on natural building (Green Prophet archive)

vernacular buiding, hassan fathy,green building, hassan fathy, nader khalili, earth architecture, green building, eco-building, sustainable building, eco design, akil sami house, egypt, earth architecture, sustainable architecture
Hassan Fathy’s off-grid living and architecture inspired generations of architects in the Middle East and beyond.

The Two Types of Beer Lovers and What It Means for Sustainable Craft Brewing

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beer lovers study, beer drinker types, craft beer sustainability, strawberry flavor beer, pineapple flavor beer, Devin Peterson beer research, American Chemical Society beer study, sustainable brewing science, beer flavor preferences, craft brewery innovation

At the crossroads of flavour science and sustainable brewing, a fascinating discovery has emerged: beer drinkers don’t just vary in taste—they cluster into two distinct camps. A recent study, presented at the American Chemical Society meeting on 18 August 2025 in Washington, DC, reveals that when sampling lagers with comparable bitterness and alcohol levels, beer enthusiasts diverge sharply in their preferences. Some gravitate toward bold, vibrant flavour chemicals—think strawberry-like notes—while others lean into softer, more mellow compounds reminiscent of pineapple.

The Experiment: Tasting, Testing, Splitting

Dr. Devin Peterson and his team at Ohio State University set out to go beyond the realm of trained sensory panels. Instead, they gathered around 135 self-proclaimed beer lovers and invited them to rate 18 lagers over three separate tasting sessions. Despite all beers being matched for bitterness and alcohol, tasters responded in strikingly opposite ways. Mass spectrometry analysis revealed differences in aroma-chemical profiles between the beers. The result?

One faction favored beers high in strong, expressive flavour compounds—brands like Samuel Adams and Brooklyn ranked highly—while the other group flipped the rankings entirely. “Polar opposites in how they’re responding to the product,” Peterson told Nature.

He also noted that these insights unlock new opportunities: brewers can now “tailor these products better for these different cohorts.”

What This Means for Craft Brewers—and for Sustainability

Matcha Kyoto IPA
Matcha Kyoto IPA

For the independent brewer—driven not just by flavour but by values—the implications go beyond market segmentation. Understanding these two flavor-preference camps means you can direct your innovations with precision rather than experimentation by trial and error.

  • Precision reduces waste: Instead of broad-spectrum small-batch trials that may fail to connect with any particular group, brewers can develop two focused lines—one punch-packed, one mellow. This avoids unnecessary ingredients, energy, and wasted product when a new flavor misses its mark.
  • Optimize raw-ingredient use: By choosing hops, yeasts, and adjuncts aligned with the desired strong or gentle aroma profiles, brewers can minimize overuse of materials that won’t resonate with their audience.
  • Lower carbon footprint: Fewer experimental brews means less energy used in trial runs, fermentation, packaging, and potential disposal. A streamlined, cohort-aware production system is leaner and greener.
  • Elevated customer loyalty: Meeting your drinkers where their taste buds are fosters connection. When drinkers feel their preferences are acknowledged and catered to, they’re likelier to return—reducing overproduction of unsold kegs.

In short, this isn’t just flavour science—it’s sustainability in action. By embracing a more discerning approach to flavour and audience, craft brewers can stay inventive while cutting waste, preserving resources, and engaging consumers more meaningfully.

Digging Deeper: Related Green Prophet Beer Coverage

Hungry for more insights into sustainable brewing and beer culture? Here are some past Green Prophet stories that speak directly to the roots and evolution of mindful beer practices:

Israel and Palestinian beer? Which is better?

At its core, this study rewrites a long-standing assumption: that beer drinkers form a homogeneous crowd. Far from it—your audience may fall into flavor extremes. As craft brewers, you now have the tools to tailor your offerings, sharpen your sustainability goals, and deepen consumer engagement.

Imagine launching two flagship series: one designed around the energetic, bold strawberry-esque flavours, the other around the serene, pineapple-like calm. Each batch could be scaled according to real demand, reducing overproduction and cooling the carbon footprint of your brew house.

Related: why Muslims don’t drink beer

Innovation meets responsibility. When flavour science aligns with purpose and sustainability, the future of craft brewing shines bright—and green.

Karin Kloosterman is Founder & Editor of Green Prophet, covering sustainable culture and innovation across the Middle East.

EU’s CAP reform continues trend of supporting small farmers in hour of need

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EU CAP reform, Common Agricultural Policy, small farmers, farm subsidies, EU agriculture policy, Christophe Hansen, Nutri-Score, GI heritage products, European farm trade, Mercosur trade deal, EU agri-food exports, food sovereignty, European farming competitiveness, area-based payments, EU farm support

With the summer lull in Brussels drawing to an end, the EU is bracing for a showdown on the agri-food front. At stake is the Commission’s push to cap the amount of subsidies any single farmer can receive – a reform whose negotiations with the Council of the EU are slated to begin in the autumn. This bold move notably pits the EU executive against certain member-states and large agri-food producers. 

Indeed, while most European farmers would be spared by the rules proposed under the new Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) proposal, the continent’s farming giants stand to lose significant sums. Anticipating their resistance, Agriculture Commissioner Christophe Hansen has remained firm, reminding that “if we have to deal with the same amount of money and we want to better support young farmers, new farmers, small farmers,” this additional funding must come “from somewhere.”

Since taking office, Hansen has steered an encouraging pivot in EU agri-food policy, with the long-overdue CAP reform proposal aligned with a broader trend of farmer-friendly decisions. With EU producers facing rising international trade threats, staying on this course will be vital.

Setting CAP system straight 

Brussels’s past efforts to limit subsidy flows to the largest farms through “capping” have collapsed under pressure, and Hansen’s announcement of the reform in July has been met with similar hostility – hardly a surprise given it strikes Europe’s biggest landholders. Yet the proposal offers a much-needed correction to a subsidy system that has long disadvantaged small producers – the very farmers who underpin Europe’s food traditions and world-renowned GI exports.

In the 2023 financial year, just 20% of farms received 80% of direct CAP payments. Most of these are area-based subsidies, calculated per hectare regardless of actual production, allowing large landholders to draw enormous sums. To redress this imbalance, the Commission’s plan would set payments between €130 and €240 per hectare and cap overall income support at €100,000 per farmer, with progressive cuts above €20,000 – namely, a 25% reduction between €20,000 and €50,000, and a 50% reduction between €50,000 and €70,000.

Despite the uproar, the reality is that most farmers would escape unscathed. More than 90% of EU producers received less than €20,000 in decoupled payments in 2023, well below the level where cuts begin. What’s more, in every member state except France and Luxembourg, under a quarter of farms would even be affected. As Théo Paquet of the European Environmental Bureau has rightly posited, this reform should mark a first step toward “real redistribution” and the gradual phasing out of area-based payments detached from production results.

Moving past flawed Nutri-Score system 

Under Commissioner Hansen’s leadership, the CAP payment proposal marks the latest in a series of strong policy decisions that benefit the EU’s small local producers, who were utterly neglected by the last Commission’s ‘Farm to Fork’ policy agenda. One of F2F’s original pillars, the front-of-package (FOP) nutrition label is among the high-profile policies to get axed from the Commission’s agenda, with Hansen leaving it out of the new ‘Vision for Agriculture’ and work programme unveiled earlier this year.

The EU executive’s U-turn on the FOP label proposal has dealt a major blow to France’s Nutri-Score system, once considered the front-runner for EU-wide implementation before attracting an ever-growing coalition of member-states, farmers and researchers opposed to the label. For its critics, Nutri-Score epitomizes F2F’s shortcomings: a one-size-fits-all algorithm that penalises GI heritage products such as cheeses and cured meats, distorts consumer perception and threatens the livelihoods of the small producers Hansen aims to support.

Experts argue its absence will hardly be felt. For example, food law specialist Katia Merten-Lentz has observed that existing labelling rules already protect consumers, while Nutri-Score’s withdrawal would bring “relief to most businesses.” Scientific opinion has also shifted, with researchers spotlighting issues with the independence of pro-Nutri-Score studies, as well as the label’s limited effect on healthier diets and evidence of negative impacts on consumer choices – as confirmed by a new Medical University of Warsaw study published in August.

Despite mounting political opposition, growing scientific criticism and even the retreat of many former industrial supporters like Nestlé and Danone, certain member-states and supermarket chains continue to prop up Nutri-Score. The Commission must therefore remain vigilant to ensure these attempts do not undermine farmers, distort fair competition or compromise the integrity of the single market – particularly as other pressing threats loom on the horizon.

Shielding farmers from unfair trade 

Looking ahead, the EU’s upcoming trade deals with major partners will test the Commission’s resolve to pursue a genuinely pro-farmer agenda. As Brussels juggles political complexity, it must ensure trade ambitions don’t override the needs of European agriculture. Tariff negotiations, market access and safeguard mechanisms must be crafted with one boosting agri-food exports and the other firmly on protecting local farm livelihoods and food sovereignty.

Mercosur looms as a critical litmus test. Though the political deal was struck in December 2024, final ratification is expected by December, with both Council and Parliament approval pending, and national parliaments still in play. To secure France’s support, Brussels has introduced “circuit-breaker” safeguards for sensitive products like beef and poultry to prevent sudden import surges. Recently, EU politicians and farm leaders have warned that the Mercosur deal could severely undermine the competitiveness of domestic agriculture unless these protections endure.

Getting Mercosur right has become all the more important in light of Brussels’s apparent capitulation to Trump’s demands in the US-EU trade deal, with new details confirming enhanced market access for US agri-food exports in the EU without meaningful concessions gained to protect European farmers. If Brussels allows such asymmetries to persist, its credibility in defending EU farming may unravel under international pressure.

From looming trade agreements to mounting global competition and environmental pressures, the EU faces a pivotal moment. In the crucial months to come, staying the course will mean keeping small and local farmers at the heart of the agri-food system – not as an afterthought, but as the foundation of resilience, fairness, and food security. Europe’s strength tomorrow depends on protecting the diversity and vitality of its farms today.


Photo by Bernd ? Dittrich on Unsplash

CIE Transport Pledges Solar Rollout Across All Buildings – Is It Time Your Business Went Solar Too?

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Green roof, Boston Medical Center

In a bold move toward sustainability, CIÉ, Ireland’s national public transport provider, has pledged to install solar panels on the rooftops of all its buildings. From bus depots to rail stations and offices, CIÉ’s nationwide infrastructure will soon be tapping into clean, renewable solar energy.

The initiative marks a major milestone for public sector climate action and sets a powerful example for Irish businesses. As Ireland works to meet its 2030 climate targets, the shift to solar isn’t just a smart environmental decision—it’s becoming a savvy financial one too.

Why Solar, and Why Now?

Solar panels convert sunlight into electricity using photovoltaic (PV) cells. Even in cloudy Ireland, solar works surprisingly well, thanks to advancements in panel technology and the consistent levels of daylight we receive year-round.

As energy prices continue to fluctuate and pressure mounts to cut carbon emissions, solar power offers an increasingly attractive alternative. It allows homes and businesses to generate their own electricity, reduce dependence on the grid, and significantly lower their carbon footprint.

The Basics of Solar Energy: What You Need to Know

If you’re new to solar panels in Ireland, here are a few essentials:

  • PV Panels: These are the standard solar panels you see on rooftops, converting sunlight into direct current (DC) electricity.

  • Inverter: Converts DC electricity into alternating current (AC), which your business or home can use.

  • Battery Storage (Optional): Stores excess electricity for use when the sun isn’t shining.

  • Grid Connection: Most systems remain connected to the national grid so you can sell surplus electricity back or draw power as needed.

Solar systems are generally low-maintenance, have a lifespan of 25+ years, and their efficiency continues to improve year on year.

Solar Benefits for Businesses

CIÉ’s decision to install solar is as practical as it is environmental. Here’s why it makes sense for Irish businesses to follow suit:

  1. Reduced Energy Costs: Electricity bills can drop significantly—especially valuable for high-consumption businesses.

  2. Energy Independence: Less reliance on fluctuating energy markets and grid supply.

  3. Positive Brand Image: Show customers and stakeholders your commitment to sustainability.

  4. Future-Proofing: As Ireland tightens climate regulations, early adopters will benefit from lower compliance costs.

  5. Increased Property Value: Solar installations are an asset, not an expense.

  6. Long-Term ROI: While the upfront cost can seem high, most systems pay for themselves within 5–10 years and keep delivering savings long after.

Grants and Incentives Available in Ireland

Thankfully, the Irish government recognises the importance of solar adoption and offers financial support:

  • SEAI Non-Domestic Microgen Grant: Offers grants of up to €162,600 for businesses, farms, schools, and community groups looking to install solar PV systems. The grant amount depends on the size of the system (kWp).

  • Accelerated Capital Allowance (ACA): Businesses can claim capital allowances of 100% of the cost of qualifying energy-efficient equipment, including solar PV, in the year of purchase.

  • Export Payment Tariff: Under the Clean Export Guarantee (CEG), businesses can now receive payment for excess electricity they export back to the grid.

Solar: A Smart Move for the Planet and Your Bottom Line

CIÉ’s announcement sends a clear message: solar is no longer a futuristic idea, it’s today’s solution. As a business owner, investing in solar now isn’t just about keeping up—it’s about stepping up.

By choosing solar, you’re not only cutting costs but contributing to Ireland’s greener future. Every panel installed brings us closer to energy independence, lower emissions, and a healthier planet for all.

 

Thinking of Going Solar?

If you’re considering solar for your business, now is the perfect time to act. Speak with a certified solar installer, check your roof’s suitability, and explore the grants available.

CIÉ is leading the charge—why not follow suit and power your business with the sun?

Iran’s water mafia and thirst for war leaves the country on brink of being dry

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ake urmia, iran water crisis, drying lake urmia, iran climate change, iran environmental disaster, salt lake iran, lake urmia protests, iran drought, middle east water crisis, iran ecology
Lake Urmia

Iran is gasping. Its veins—once flowing across aquifers, rivers, dams, and Lake Urmia—have run nearly dry. Across sprawling provinces, water has become an afterthought as billions flowed instead to foreign battlefields, in support of proxies like Hamas and Hezbollah. Meanwhile, the public suffers—and those who speak out are silenced.

Once the Middle East’s largest saltwater lake, Lake Urmia has collapsed under a triple assault: climate change, mismanagement, and politically driven infrastructure. Since the 1970s, it has shrunk by roughly 90 percent due to damming, agricultural overuse, and drought. Though partial recovery efforts began in 2014, the lake remains perilously low—now with barely 5% of its original water volume. Dust storms carry salt and toxins across farmland, damaging crops and fueling respiratory and birth-defect clusters.

 

Despite this, in August 2025, civil activists detained in Tehran’s Greater Tehran Penitentiary launched a hunger strike, declaring the drying of Lake Urmia “deliberate” according to Iran Focus.

Protests stretch back over a decade: in 2011, protests in Tabriz and Urmia saw security forces attack peaceful environmental activists chanting, “Lake Urmia is thirsty”—dozens were arrested. In 2022, similar cries fueled demonstrations where protesters shouted “Lake Urmia is dying”—again met with force.

Silencing the Voices of Water

This is not idle climate conversation—it’s a pitched battle over survival. Water scientists and environmentalists who seek solutions are often branded agitators. Human rights organizations flagged arrests of scientists attempting to address water shortages, particularly in Khuzestan, during the widespread water protests of 2018. Since Amnesty International has stopped being a reputable source of information, we rely on locals reporting in Farsi to explain the situation. The NCR Iran provides an invaluable backgrounder on why Iran has become so dry.

Behind Iran’s water crisis lies a well‑entrenched “water mafia”—an entrenched nexus of officials, contractors, and entities like the IRGC’s Khatam al‑Anbiya. Critics accuse them of pushing oversized dams and water‑diversion schemes not for the public good, but for profiteering and patronage. The dams overpump and leave behind mud. Experts describe Iran as suffering “water bankruptcy”—demand far exceeding sustainable supply.

Tehran’s reservoirs have plunged: by early 2025, Tehran’s Lar Dam held just 1 percent of capacity; in Isfahan and Khorasan, dam levels are critically low; across the country, reservoir inflow in 2025 dropped 28 percent year‑on‑year

Groundwater has likewise collapsed—Tehran sinks by up to 25 cm annually, a stark sign that aquifers are being emptied.

Proxy Spending on Terror While the Home Front Perishes

As local water systems crumble, Iran continues to channel resources into foreign conflict. Since the early 1990s Iran has provided Hamas with military, financial, and training support; according to US data, its funding rose from around $100 million annually to an estimated $350 million by 2023.

Iran likewise backs Hezbollah in Lebanon, supporting its military and political functions. Without this funding men in countries like Syria and Lebanon would look for work elsewhere.

Amir Kabir dam (Persian: سد امیرکبیر), also known as Karaj dam (سد کرج), is a dam on the Karaj River in the Central Alborz mountain range of northern Iran. Via Wikipedia.

Every dollar diverted to these proxies is a dollar not invested in rebuilding aquifers, repairing aged irrigation, or empowering local water researchers. It is a stark choice: fund regional confrontation—or fix plumbing, banks of wells, and restore a dying lake.

The link between drought and unrest is not theoretical. The Syrian civil war was accelerated, in part, by agricultural collapse and water deprivation; in Iraq, tensions over the Euphrates—the container of life in Mesopotamia—fueled simmering social fractures. In Iran itself, unresolved water shortages inflamed protests in Khuzestan and Isfahan in 2021, sometimes with lethal force deployed.

Environmental mismanagement has unified disparate communities—scientists like Kaveh Madani argue that the water crisis symbolizes governmental failure, capable of mobilizing urban and rural dissent alike

Iran’s Researchers Raise the Alarm—But Are They Heard?

A handful of water experts continue to sound the alarm despite constraints. In mid‑2025, Dr Banafsheh Zehraei, a water‑resources professor at the University of Tehran, warned of an “apocalyptic” drinking‑water disaster, saying Iran had only “two to three weeks” to stave off collapse. Another piece, titled Iran’s water crisis and social consequences, argues that decades of regime inaction have created social unrest that will only intensify.

Independent researchers like Madani have documented how misallocation, poor infrastructure, and disregard for groundwater recharge are at the heart of Iran’s water collapse.

As regional conflict enters a new phase, there’s a brief window for Iran to reframe internal priorities. If Tehran were to pivot: arrest the water mafia’s corruption; restructure water policy around recharge, cloud seeding, and equitable distribution; invest in efficient irrigation and desalination; and protect researchers and right‑to‑water activists—it could reemerge with renewed domestic legitimacy.

Lake Urmia, for all its desiccation, is not beyond redemption. Past projects in the 2010s—planting salt-tolerant scrub to curb dust, allocating over $500 million to watershed restoration—show what might be done if political will follows.

Imagine a program of aquifer replenishment in drought-prone zones, a transparent water-rights system, and public involvement. The results: restored agriculture, fewer climate migrants, reduced risk of water-fuelled uprisings, and a calm society.

Iran’s current posture is unsustainable. Starving citizens of water while funding foreign conflict weakens Iran, not strengthens it. But the priorities can flip.

Water is not merely a domestic issue—it is the soil in which national strength grows. Let this moment—the collapse of Lake Urmia, the protests, the crack of civil anger—be Iran’s turning point. Refocus on water, or watch the state itself leak away.

Foreign journalists are jailed in Iran so it is difficult to get a clear picture on how the day to day water shortages affect everyday people.

Further Reading — Green Prophet

Other References

 

Brew A Cup of Delicious Date Seed Coffee

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date seed coffee

Here’s a caffeine-free coffee alternative that you can make yourself, from a surprising and inexpensive source: date seeds. Its color is blonder than traditional coffee, but it’s a rich brew with the coffee flavor you seek. And no caffeine crash or caffeine jitters attached. (While you’re enjoying your cuppa, read our review of Nawal Nasrallah’s fascinating  Dates, A Global History.)

So what’s date seed coffee taste like?

Roasted, ground date seeds yield satisfying coffee flavor without the bitterness that demands sweetener and milk to compensate. Many find nutty, chocolate notes in their date seed brew.

Of course, if you like milk in your hot drink, stir in some conventional or plant-based milk. And while you’re sipping your comforting cuppa, you can reflect you’ve made a delicious zero-waste product.

Keep in mind that large dates like Medjool have bigger seeds, so you’ll need only about 16 – approximately 1 cup – to yield two cups of drink. Using smaller seeds, count on 25-30 seeds – 1 cup altogether – to yield two brewed cups.

No need to worry about accumulating enough seeds to make roasting worthwhile. When you’re done eating the dates, scrub the seeds in a bowl of water with your hands to remove all clinging bits of fruit. Then roll them in a kitchen towel to dry. Freeze them, adding more over time until you have enough.

Date Seed Coffee

A caffeine-free coffee alternative that you can make yourself, from date seeds.
Prep Time 5 minutes
Cook Time 30 minutes
Total Time 35 minutes
Course Drinks
Cuisine American
Servings 2

Equipment

  • 1 bowl of water
  • 1 kitchen towel
  • 1 sheet baking paper
  • 1 baking sheet
  • 1 Coffee grinder or food processor
  • 1 Brewing device (French press, espresso machine, etc.)

Ingredients
  

  • 1 cup clean and dry date seeds

Instructions
 

  • Preheat oven to 400°F - 205° C.
  • Wash date seeds and dry in kitchen towel.
  • Roast the seeds for 30 minutes on a parchment-lined baking sheet. Stir gently a few times while roasting. They should be dark when done.
  • Cool the seeds 5 minutes.
  • Grind the roasted seeds as you would for your preferred brewing method: a little coarser for a French press or finer for an espresso machine.
  • Brew right away or store the ground seeds in an airtight container. Keep it in the fridge for 2 weeks or in the freezer for 1 month
Keyword coffee alternative, zero waste

If you’re looking for ways to use up those dates and get at their seeds, here’s an easy, unusual, and delicious recipe: dates baked with goat cheese.

 

Sinkholes and Shrinking Shores: The Race to Rescue the Dead Sea

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Picture of the Dead Sea
The shore of the Dead Sea

On August 5th, 2025, environmental experts from Israel, Jordan, and the Palestinian territories descended upon the University of Leeds for a three-day event centered around the Dead Sea and its irreversible decline. The gathering highlighted the urgency and attention that the region directs towards the Dead Sea.

 

Once spanning over 400 square miles, the Dead Sea now covers approximately 230 square miles. Currently, the Dead Sea’s water is dropping 3.3 feet per year due to the diversion of the Jordan River and the overextraction of the sea’s minerals. 

See Related Article: Environmentalist: “Explore Alternatives to Red-Dead Canal Project”

The area surrounding the sea has changed drastically in the past half-century. Landscapes are riddled with sinkholes, human activity, and leftover mineral deposits. 

https://www.nasa.gov/image-feature/the-dead-sea/
Overhead image of the Dead Sea

The Dead Sea’s rapid decline is not only an aesthetic decline but also one that affects various aspects of the world. First, it affects ecosystems and biodiversity. All parts of the natural world are connected, and something as prominent as the Dead Sea being destroyed will affect life around it. Also, local communities and infrastructure must be altered and changed due to the new sea levels and sinkholes caused by the decline. The region surrounding the sea is also a tourism hotspot, and if the Dead Sea becomes an undesirable location, the people will stop coming. Finally, the Dead Sea and its resources are not only Israel’s. Jordan and the Palestinian territories also utilize the Dead Sea. A destroyed Dead Sea would increase political tensions due to each country being negatively impacted. 

See Related Article: How EcoPeace Uses Environmental Education to Bridge Borders in the Jordan Valley

The summit, held at Leeds, brings together various actors. Israelis, Jordanians, and Palestinians represent the regional interest, and participants from the UK and other Western countries participated to assist. The talks that they had were aimed at discussing improving and creating coordinated and interconnected action. 

 

There have been efforts to save the Dead Sea. The Jordan River is the sea’s water source. However, now only 10% of the original water flow reaches the basin. A key effort in reviving the Dead Sea is to stop the diversion of the river’s water and allow it to flow to the Dead Sea. Additionally, there are regulations on mineral extraction and building. At the Leeds conference, many new ideas were created and shared. Water sharing frameworks, combined with river restoration efforts, re-zoning, desalination brine water, and international funding, provide help. These efforts and efforts of the future also provide an avenue for increased regional stability. Israel and Jordan both use the sea for its resources and the tourism aspect. However, there is minimal cooperation between the countries, leading to an increased decline of the sea. If the countries strengthen, add new efforts, and rely on each other more than it would cause there to be more needed cooperation. 

Salt in the Dead Sea

The Dead Sea’s rapid collapse is a tragedy not only for Israel but for the region as a whole. It also tests whether environmental necessity can lead to regional stability. The Leed summit is one of the many conversations currently being had to try to save the sea. Conversations are one thing; action is another, and action is needed to save the Dead Sea. 

Puppies used in heart experiments then killed at Canadian hospital

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Image whistleblower sent of puppies. Via the National Post.

It sounds made up—until you read the documents, see the photos, and talk to the people who were there.

A new exposé by the National Post in Canada has revealed a covert program at St. Joseph’s Hospital in London, Ontario, where puppies are used in disturbing cardiac experiments that many scientists now call outdated, cruel, and unnecessary.

Security footage shows puppies arriving in unmarked vans, hidden beneath blankets, before being wheeled into a locked facility known by insiders as the “secret sixth floor.” There, researchers induce up to three-hour-long heart attacks in the dogs. After imaging the damaged organs using the same PET and MRI machines used for human patients, the dogs are euthanized, their hearts removed, and their bodies stored in barrels until disposal. Their names marked include Croissant, Toast, Rye and Bagel.

Related: Palestinian mayor offers $6 for every dead dog 

The program is publicly funded, approved under Canadian Council on Animal Care (CCAC) protocols, and legally sanctioned. But critics say that’s no longer enough.

Canada has no federal law governing the ethical treatment of animals in scientific research. We experimented on bunnies held in the Zoology building at the University of Toronto during undergrad and were told that there were ethics guidelines in place.

The CCAC provides guidelines but lacks enforcement power. In fact, the agency admitted to the IJB that it has only revoked certification once in the past eight years and does not conduct ethical reviews of individual studies.

At St. Joseph’s, hospital officials argue that the use of dogs is still necessary to model human cardiac injury.

Only 13 dogs from the program have been rehomed in over a decade, hospital officials admit.

In a country where animal experimentation is largely hidden from public view, this investigation has peeled back a curtain that many would rather keep closed. Whether the outrage sparks change—or is buried with the bodies—remains to be seen.

Wastewater plants are a hidden climate issue, and we’re measuring it all wrong

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A Black & Veatch-engineered wastewater treatment plant integrates advanced emission controls and energy recovery systems—part of a growing push to make urban sanitation climate-smart.

Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are critical to modern cities, safeguarding public health by managing billions of liters of sewage and industrial discharge every day. But as the world races to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, a key source is slipping under the radar: the wastewater sector itself.

In a new review published in Environmental Science and Ecotechnology (July 2025), researchers from the Harbin Institute of Technology and international collaborators challenge current greenhouse gas accounting methods for WWTPs, warning that conventional approaches significantly underestimate the sector’s climate footprint—particularly when it comes to fossil carbon dioxide (CO₂).

It’s well known that WWTPs emit methane (CH₄) and nitrous oxide (N₂O)—two potent greenhouse gases—during biological treatment and sludge handling. What’s less understood is the role of fossil CO₂, released from synthetic chemicals like detergents and industrial effluents. Because this carbon originates from fossil sources, not organic decay, it adds to atmospheric CO₂ but remains unaccounted for in most emission inventories.

Using radiocarbon analysis, the study’s authors found that fossil carbon makes up 4–28% of the total carbon in incoming wastewater. That fossil carbon is mostly converted to CO₂ and vented during treatment—yet this invisible flow of emissions is ignored in most official climate reports.

Related: BioprocessH2O works with food and beverage wastewater

BioProcessH2O cleans Coca Cola plants

“Wastewater is not just a sanitation issue—it’s a climate issue,” said Dr. Haiyan Li, corresponding author of the study. “By overlooking fossil CO₂ and relying on outdated estimation methods, we’re underreporting a major source of greenhouse gases.”

Current greenhouse gas estimates from WWTPs largely depend on broad default emission factors provided by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). These factors are often too generic, failing to reflect the variation in plant design, local climate, and wastewater composition—especially in urban areas with a mix of domestic and industrial sources.

To address this, the researchers analyzed two main approaches to monitoring emissions:

Unit-based methods (e.g., flux chambers, optical gas imaging) are good at pinpointing emission hotspots like aeration tanks but can miss the big picture. Plant-integrated methods (e.g., drone surveys, mobile labs, and aircraft) offer facility-wide data, often capturing higher methane emissions. However, they vary widely in accuracy and cost.

The review also calls for customized, technology-specific emission factors—especially for plants with advanced processes like sludge incineration or energy recovery, where fossil carbon emissions can increase total reported GHGs by more than 20%.

Toward Smarter, Climate-Responsive Treatment

To help cities transition to low-carbon wastewater treatment, the authors advocate for real-time, multi-gas monitoring systems and the inclusion of fossil CO₂ in national climate inventories. Doing so would empower local governments and plant operators to align their emission reduction strategies with actual site conditions—not assumptions.

“We need better data to drive better policies,” said the research team. “Smarter monitoring tools can bridge the gap between science and action.”

This research underscores a broader shift in thinking: that wastewater infrastructure—long seen as a hygiene utility—must also be recognized as a critical node in the fight against climate change.

American Industry’s Role

Some of the world’s largest wastewater treatment projects are spearheaded by U.S.-based engineering firms, including:

Jacobs Solutions Inc., a leader in global water infrastructure, which has delivered WWTP designs in cities from Los Angeles to Abu Dhabi.

AECOM, involved in large-scale wastewater upgrades across the U.S. and internationally.

Black & Veatch, which has helped develop climate-resilient treatment facilities with energy recovery systems.

HDR, known for advanced water quality treatment and smart monitoring solutions.

As climate regulations tighten and emissions tracking becomes more rigorous, these companies are well-positioned to innovate—if they adapt their designs and monitoring practices to reflect the new science.

Wastewater treatment plants are quietly contributing to the climate crisis—and our current accounting methods aren’t telling the full story. Recognizing the role of fossil carbon and deploying smarter monitoring tools may be the key to transforming this essential service into a truly climate-smart sector.

The hidden chatter beneath our feet – how trees, mushrooms, and microbes speak

How plants talk underground: unlocking the secrets of the wood wide web.
GIS mapping of a forest. New science might help us listen to what trees are saying.

We tend to think of forests as quiet places—but beneath the soil, there’s a bustling network of chemical conversations taking place. It’s part of what some scientists call the “wood wide web”—a vast underground communication system that connects plants, fungi, and microbes in complex, symbiotic ways. It’s been shown that plants can speak. This new study might help us decode what they are saying.

Now, scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) have uncovered new insights into this hidden language. By studying the molecular “words” that tree roots send into the soil, they’ve created one of the most detailed maps yet of underground plant communication—one that could revolutionize how we grow food and bioenergy crops.

As plants grow, their roots don’t just absorb nutrients—they release a rich array of organic chemicals into the soil, a process known as rhizodeposition. These secretions act like messages or invitations to microbes and fungi, encouraging cooperation, support, or sometimes defense.

“Plants form relationships with microbes like bacteria and fungi that help them survive tough conditions like drought or poor soil,” said Dr. Paul Abraham, co-lead of the study at ORNL. “But we’re only beginning to understand the full vocabulary of these underground interactions.”

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How plants talk underground: unlocking the secrets of the wood wide web.

To decode this chemical language, ORNL researchers focused on poplar trees, which are being studied as future bioenergy crops. They grew two types of poplar under different conditions—some with extra nutrients, some without—and collected samples from their roots at different growth stages.

Instead of looking for specific molecules they already knew, scientists used a technique called untargeted metabolomics, which allowed them to capture everything the plants were saying, so to speak.

“This approach lets us detect a much broader range of chemical diversity,” Abraham explained. “We’re finding unexpected or previously unrecognized compounds that may play critical roles in soil and plant systems.”

A molecular treasure trove

floating cricket habitat in Venice lagoon, interactive sound garden with cricket audio, Professor Alex Felson with conservation exhibit, Venice Biennale site featuring ecological installation, Associate Professor Miriama Young tuning cricket choir installation
Close-up of the interactive sound garden at the University of Melbourne’s “Song of the Cricket” installation. Visitors walk among embedded speakers and vegetation while the gentle song of crickets reimagines Venice’s lost natural soundscape.

What they found was a treasure trove of compounds—some never identified before. Each plant produced different chemical profiles depending on its genes, environment, and age. These findings suggest that plants tailor their messages depending on who they’re talking to—whether they’re calling for help, warning of threats, or optimizing partnerships.

“This kind of insight helps us breed or engineer crops that are not only higher-yielding, but also more resistant to climate stress,” Abraham said.

Mushrooms, microbes, and machine learning?

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a basket of mushrooms collected in Ontario, Canada

Why does this matter? The underground networks built by fungi and bacteria are essential for healthy ecosystems—and for our ability to grow resilient crops in a changing climate. Fungi, in particular, act as “middlemen”, connecting roots across distances and helping move nutrients, water, and even chemical signals between plants.

To better understand this complex web, ORNL is now looking to AI and machine learning. “The chemical space we’re measuring is vast,” Abraham said. “Most of the molecules we detect can’t be confirmed using existing reference standards.”

In other words, there are too many molecules and not enough names. That’s where artificial intelligence will step in—to help identify unknown compounds and unlock new insights into how plants and microbes interact.

The ORNL team’s research, published in Plant, Cell & Environment, could eventually lead to crops that communicate more efficiently with beneficial fungi and bacteria—reducing the need for synthetic fertilizers and helping build a more sustainable agricultural system.

“Nature already has a smart underground network,” says Karin Kloosterman, editor of Green Prophet who founded an AI company Flux to listen to the language of plants: “Our job is to listen, decode it, and learn how to work with it.”

 

Europe’s Clean-Tech Pivot: Germany Leads Supply Chain Shift Amid €390B Investment Surge

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German offshore wind

Germany has announced a landmark strategy to break its near-total dependence on Chinese-made components for offshore wind turbines, particularly the permanent magnets essential to the industry. This move, unveiled by the Economy Ministry, forms part of a broader plan to build a more resilient and geopolitically secure renewable energy infrastructure. The Resilience Roadmap aims for 30 percent of permanent magnet supply to come from alternative sources by 2030, increasing to 50 percent by 2035. China currently supplies about 90 percent of these components globally, mostly through its dominance in the rare earth metals market.

Related: China and Russia building a nuclear power plant and base on the moon

To meet its ambitious climate and energy goals, Germany is targeting an offshore wind capacity of 30 gigawatts by 2030—triple its current levels. Offshore wind already contributes around 5 percent of Germany’s electricity supply, and the government hopes renewables will account for 80 percent of national electricity production by the end of the decade. The shift away from China is not merely about energy diversification; it represents a strategic reshoring of the energy transition and a rejection of supply chains vulnerable to geopolitical risk.

This German announcement fits into a broader European trend. Across the continent, governments are accelerating investment in clean technology, aiming to secure domestic manufacturing capacity and reduce exposure to international bottlenecks. The global cleantech market, valued at approximately $916 billion in 2024, is projected to double to $1.84 trillion by 2030, with an annual growth rate of nearly 13 percent. In the European Union alone, clean energy investments are expected to reach nearly $390 billion in 2025.

Related: Chinese submarine finds rare life in deepest ocean trench

Venture capital trends in the EU’s cleantech sector reflect the momentum. After a slow start to the year, venture funding rebounded in the second quarter of 2025, reaching €2.5 billion—the strongest quarterly performance since early 2024. The average deal size has also grown, reflecting increasing investor confidence in scale-up technologies and manufacturing. While early-stage funding remains cautious, the appetite for industrial decarbonization and infrastructure-linked technologies is clearly rising.

Policymakers are backing this momentum with sweeping industrial legislation. Under the EU’s Net-Zero Industry Act, passed in June 2024, the bloc aims to produce at least 40 percent of its annual net-zero technology needs domestically by 2030. The act also sets a target for Europe to produce 15 percent of the world’s clean-tech equipment by 2040. However, this ambition comes in response to a stark reality: Europe’s share of global wind turbine manufacturing fell from 58 percent in 2017 to just 30 percent in 2022. Solar panel manufacturing remains even more concentrated outside the continent, despite EU efforts to reshore production.

In terms of deployment, Europe is making strong progress. In 2024, renewables supplied nearly half of the EU’s electricity, with wind and solar leading the charge. Solar photovoltaic capacity alone reached around 269 gigawatts by the end of 2023, and the EU is targeting 600 gigawatts by 2030. The Clean Industrial Deal, launched earlier this year, promises to push 100 gigawatts of new renewable energy capacity annually through 2030, while also funding green innovation and supporting the transition of energy-intensive industries.

Germany’s strategy to secure its wind industry against supply shocks highlights a key shift in clean-tech policy. While markets once favored the cheapest global supplier—often China—the future is likely to reward regional resilience, strategic partnerships, and closed-loop value chains. Germany is already in talks with Japan and Australia to source rare earths more sustainably and with less environmental and political risk.

As the EU mobilizes hundreds of billions of euros to decarbonize its economy, challenges remain. Permitting delays, rising material costs, and global competition for critical minerals could still slow the pace of change. Yet Germany’s move to de-risk its offshore wind supply chain is an unmistakable signal: in the energy transition, security and sustainability must go hand in hand.

Butter, Beef Tallow and Cancer Risk? New Study Finds Animal Fats May Accelerate Tumor Growth in Mice

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Robert Kennedy Junior has been advocating a return to animal fats like butter and beef tallow

Swapping out animal fats for plant fats might be a helpful dietary intervention for obese patients undergoing treatment for cancer

A new study published in Nature Metabolism suggests that the type of fat we consume—not just how much we weigh—can influence cancer risk. In the study, researchers from Ludwig Cancer Research, Harvard Medical School, and Trinity College Dublin found that obese mice fed diets rich in animal fats like butter, lard, or beef tallow developed faster-growing melanomas than equally obese mice fed plant-based fats like olive oil, palm oil, or coconut oil.

The difference wasn’t weight, but biology. “Our study provides an important proof of principle that dietary fat can regulate immune function in obesity-related cancers,” write the researchers.

“We found that high-fat diets derived from lard, beef tallow or butter compromise anti-tumor immunity and accelerate tumor growth in several tumor models of obese mice. Diets based on coconut oil, palm oil or olive oil, meanwhile, do not have this effect in equally obese mice. Our findings have implications for cancer prevention and care for people struggling with obesity,” said Lydia Lynch, a leader in the research.

Lynch and her colleagues from Harvard—including Marcia Haigis, a senior author of the study and a member of the Ludwig Center at Harvard University—note that swapping out animal fats for plant fats might be a helpful dietary intervention for obese patients undergoing treatment for cancer. Such dietary changes could also potentially lower cancer risk for people living with obesity.

The Science: It’s About Acylcarnitines, Not Calories

The researchers discovered that animal-based fats caused a buildup of long-chain acylcarnitines—molecules that impaired CD8+ T cells and natural killer (NK) cells, both critical for detecting and killing cancer cells. These metabolites interfered with mitochondrial function, reducing the immune system’s ability to fight tumors.

By contrast, mice consuming olive oil, palm oil, or coconut oil did not experience this immune suppression—even though they gained the same amount of weight.

According to Lydia Lynch, senior author of the study and an immunologist at Harvard and Trinity,

“It’s not just obesity—it’s what kind of fat you eat. We show that some fats can paralyze the immune system’s anti-cancer response.”

These findings were also observed in human NK cells, where acylcarnitine buildup similarly impaired mitochondrial function, indicating the mechanism may be relevant to humans, though more research is needed.

What About the Butter Backlash?

This new study may challenge recent nutrition trends—particularly those backed by figures like Robert F. Kennedy Jr., who advocate for a return to traditional, animal-fat-heavy diets and question the safety of seed oils. While Kennedy and others have popularized the idea that saturated fats like butter are unfairly vilified, this research suggests animal fats could pose specific risks to cancer immunity, especially in the context of obesity.

It’s important to note, however, that the study did not examine seed oils like soybean, canola, or sunflower, which are high in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and the subject of their own scientific debates.

In short, this study is not a vindication of seed oils, but it does raise red flags about animal fats—at least in obese contexts and in mice.

Not All Saturated Fats Are the Same

Interestingly, the study showed that palm oil (also saturated) did not have the same cancer-promoting effects as butter or lard. This challenges simplistic categorizations of “saturated = bad” and points to a more nuanced relationship between fat structure, metabolism, and immune function.

It also underscores that obesity-related cancer risk may depend as much on what type of fat is stored and metabolized as on the amount of body fat itself.

Le Labo: Bottling the Soul of Cities, with a Sustainable Touch

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Le Labo’s City Exclusive fragrances go global—experience the scent of Kyoto, Paris, or Seoul in sustainable, refillable style.

In a fragrance market awash with synthetic blends and mass production, Le Labo stands apart like a whisper of nature in a noisy world. Known for its cult-like following and unapologetically minimalist aesthetic, this New York-born perfume house has garnered global acclaim not only for its handcrafted scents but also for its commitment to sustainability, transparency, and ethical luxury.

Related: natural, green perfume by Ayelet Moriel

Natural Ingredients and Small-Batch Perfumery

At the heart of Le Labo’s ethos is a strong preference for natural, high-quality ingredients. While not every component is 100% natural—certain molecules must be synthesized to remain cruelty-free or allergen-safe—the brand is transparent about sourcing and formulation. Le Labo’s fragrances are vegan, cruelty-free, and free from parabens, preservatives, and artificial colorants. Their iconic labels are printed on recycled paper, and many of their bottles are refillable, with in-store refill stations offered in several global locations to reduce waste.

Each scent is freshly hand-blended and labeled at the moment of purchase—offering a small-batch, artisanal experience more akin to fine dining than factory fragrance. This model not only ensures freshness but also avoids the emissions and inefficiencies of large-scale warehousing.

Le Labo’s commitment to sustainability extends beyond what’s in the bottle. The brand uses recycled packaging, glass instead of plastic, and minimal outer packaging to reduce environmental impact. Even their candles are made with soy wax and cotton wicks, and their shampoo and body products come in plant-based, refillable bottles.

Their studios, which double as retail spaces, are designed with natural, raw materials like reclaimed wood and industrial metal—encouraging a slower, more conscious retail experience that echoes their “slow perfumery” philosophy.

City Exclusives: A Scented Travelogue with a Conscience

One of Le Labo’s most beloved—and elusive—projects is the City Exclusives collection. Typically only available in their city of origin, these scents are like bottled postcards, each inspired by the energy, culture, and olfactory identity of a global destination.

For a limited time every year—this time starting August 1—these fragrances go on a world tour, available in 1.5 ml discovery sizes and full bottles come September. It’s a rare chance to smell Tokyo’s Gaiac 10, Paris’s Vanille 44, or Dubai’s Cuir 28, even if you’re thousands of miles away.

This year’s exciting addition? OSMANTHUS 19, the new Kyoto exclusive—bringing the soft floral sweetness of osmanthus flowers into the fold.

Here’s the full travel-worthy list of scents:

  • OSMANTHUS 19 (Kyoto)

  • CORIANDRE 39 (Mexico City)

  • MYRRHE 55 (Shanghai)

  • CEDRAT 37 (Berlin)

  • CITRON 28 (Seoul)

  • TABAC 28 (Miami)

  • BIGARADE 18 (Hong Kong)

  • MOUSSE DE CHENE 30 (Amsterdam)

  • ALDEHYDE 44 (Dallas)

  • LIMETTE 37 (San Francisco)

  • CUIR 28 (Dubai)

  • TUBEREUSE 40 (New York)

  • BAIE ROSE 26 (Chicago)

  • POIVRE 23 (London)

  • MUSC 25 (Los Angeles)

  • GAIAC 10 (Tokyo)

  • VANILLE 44 (Paris)

  • BENJOIN 19 (Moscow)

This global collection is a creative reminder of the power of place and memory in fragrance—and an innovative approach to sustainability through limited releases, refillability, and responsible luxury.

A Quiet Revolution in Beauty

While many luxury brands are only now waking up to environmental responsibility, Le Labo has been whispering it from the beginning. From ingredient integrity and minimalist packaging to refill stations and city-inspired storytelling, Le Labo proves that sustainability doesn’t have to shout—it can smell like osmanthus, myrrh, or a hint of city smoke.

In a world oversaturated with fast beauty, Le Labo offers something different: a slow, mindful ritual that respects people, place, and planet. That’s why it’s more than perfume. It’s philosophy. In a bottle.


For more, visit lelabofragrances.ca and follow the City Exclusives journey.

Chinese submersible goes into the deepest ocean trench on earth

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The discovery, led by a team from the Institute of Deep-sea Science and Engineering of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, was detailed in a study published in PNAS (Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences) on July 29, 2025. Using submersibles and remote-sensing technology, the researchers identified methane seeps supporting densely packed animal communities in the hadal zone, which begins at 6,000 metres and is among the least explored regions of the planet.

Aleutian Trench
Aleutian Trench

“What makes our discovery groundbreaking is not just its greater depth – it’s the astonishing abundance and diversity of chemosynthetic life we observed,” said Mengran Du, a marine geochemist with the Chinese Academy of Sciences, in an interview with Reuters. Du added that descending into the trench was like “traveling through time,” as the ecosystem was so isolated and unfamiliar.

Study co-author Xiaotong Peng, program leader for the hadal exploration project, described the environment as one of “cold, total darkness and active tectonic activities,” emphasizing the global significance of the find: “These are the deepest and the most extensive chemosynthetic communities known to exist on our planet.”

Previously, cold-seep ecosystems had been documented at depths of up to approximately 7,700 metres — such as those in the Japan Trench. But this new discovery extends known biological limits by nearly 2,000 metres, with seep communities observed as deep as 9,533 metres — nearly twice the depth of the Titanic wreck.

These ecosystems function without photosynthesis, instead relying on bacteria that convert methane and hydrogen sulfide into organic material. This process, chemosynthesis, forms the foundation of the food web at such depths and allows life to thrive in some of the harshest conditions on Earth.

Why It Matters: Implications for Earth, and Beyond

1. Ecology at the Edge of Habitability
The discovery underscores life’s resilience in environments of immense pressure, zero sunlight, and low temperatures. It also highlights the adaptability of microbial and macro-organisms to extreme conditions, offering a glimpse into biological possibilities once thought implausible.

2. Conservation in the Deep
The hadal zone, once considered barren, is now recognized as an ecologically rich frontier. With growing commercial interest in deep-sea mining for rare-earth minerals and polymetallic nodules, this research emphasizes the need for conservation frameworks to protect fragile deep-ocean ecosystems from irreversible harm.

3. Deep-Sea Mining: A Warning Sign
Areas like the Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone — a current mining target — could harbor similar ecosystems. Previous studies have shown that seabed disturbances can last decades or longer, making environmental safeguards critical before exploration or extraction efforts proceed.

4. Methane and Climate Models
Understanding how these deep ecosystems metabolize methane could enhance our models of carbon and methane cycling — especially as methane is a potent greenhouse gas. Studying these systems may reveal new sinks or sources in the global methane budget.

5. Clues to Life Beyond Earth
Organisms that live entirely off chemical energy in pitch-black, high-pressure environments are potential analogues to life that might exist on other worlds. Moons like Europa and Enceladus, with their icy shells and suspected subsurface oceans, may host similar chemosynthetic life forms if geothermal or tectonic activity provides the right conditions.

6. Microplastics and Human Reach
While microplastics were not part of this particular discovery, their documented presence in deep-ocean trenches highlights human influence on even the most remote environments. Understanding how pollutants interact with such ecosystems is vital to assess long-term ecological risk.

What Comes Next?
This discovery prompts urgent scientific and ethical questions: How widespread are similar ecosystems across global trench systems? Can these systems withstand anthropogenic impacts like mining or pollution? What unknown species or biochemical pathways might still be hiding in the hadal depths?

To answer these, scientists call for expanded international deep-sea exploration, integrated with policy frameworks to protect vulnerable zones. The study authors have urged that hadal research should not only advance science but also guide ocean governance, ensuring that exploitation does not outpace understanding.

The Satellite That Sees Earth Breathe: How NISAR Could Transform Sustainability From Space

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This satellite watches the earth breathe

Last week, the most advanced Earth-mapping satellite ever built left Earth to watch over it. The joint NASA–ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar (NISAR) satellite launched from India’s Satish Dhawan Space Centre into sun-synchronous orbit. This powerful radar sentinel will orbit the planet every 12 days, capturing changes on Earth’s surface in astonishing detail—down to a few centimeters—whether in daylight, darkness, or through thick clouds and vegetation.

Related: Make Sunsets geo-engineers climate with cooling credits

While the technology may sound like science fiction, NISAR’s mission is urgently practical: to track our changing planet and provide a planetary MRI scan every two weeks. The implications for climate, agriculture, disaster preparedness, and sustainable development are profound—and entrepreneurs are already eyeing the satellite’s open data streams as a platform for innovation.

Developed over a decade by NASA and the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), NISAR is equipped with dual-frequency L- and S-band synthetic aperture radars, making it the first satellite of its kind. This unique combination allows it to detect subtle shifts in Earth’s crust, vegetation, ice sheets, and even groundwater levels.

Its potential applications are wide-ranging: In the Arctic, NISAR will track how fast Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets are melting.

In Indonesia or the Amazon, it will monitor deforestation, peatland collapse, and forest biomass.

In urban zones, NISAR can observe subsiding infrastructure, helping cities adapt to rising seas and overextraction of groundwater.

NASA’s Earth Science Division Director Karen St. Germain called it “the most advanced radar system for Earth observation we’ve ever put into orbit.”

For India, this is a leap into space-enabled environmental management. For a warming planet, data is power. By measuring the movement of glaciers, the expansion of wetlands, or the sinking of deltas, NISAR offers vital intelligence for managing climate adaptation and natural disasters.

Every region, from coastal cities to desert farms, is going to be impacted by changes NISAR can see coming,” says Karin Kloosterman, the editor of Green Prophet. This technology is like giving Earth a health checkup every two weeks. Existing startups in agtech, climate, solar, energy and mining will be improved with this robust new data. Thousands of exciting new opportunities in sustainable and clean tech await.”

Critically, NISAR’s data will be publicly available. That means not only scientists and governments, but also nonprofits, local planners, and startups can build tools and services using the data.

Entrepreneurs, take note. NISAR’s raw power is just the beginning—it’s what we do with it that matters. A few promising directions:

Disaster tech startups could build risk maps and alert systems for earthquakes, landslides, or floods based on ground deformation data.

Agri-tech companies can combine NISAR’s soil moisture and terrain maps with AI to help farmers in Africa or the Middle East optimize irrigation.

Climate risk insurers may use NISAR insights to assess premiums for homes near eroding coastlines or unstable hills.

Carbon credit marketplaces can verify reforestation or wetland projects through updated biomass assessments, ensuring transparency and accountability.

At a time when political uncertainty has cast doubt on future U.S. funding for Earth science missions, NISAR is a bright spot. But it could be among the last of NASA’s major Earth-monitoring projects for years if proposed budget cuts by U.S. lawmakers take effect.

Related: The history of drip irrigation

Still, the baton may be passing. By building collaborative platforms around satellites like NISAR, we can democratize access to Earth data and decentralize its benefits. In the face of floods, droughts, fires, and rising seas, it’s not just the scientists who will act—it’s technologists, policymakers, and concerned citizens who will rise to the challenge.

As climate change accelerates, our window to act narrows. With NISAR watching from above, we gain a clearer view of where the planet hurts—and where we still have time to heal.

 

Mineral Sunscreens and the Planet: Sun Protection That Respects the Environment

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Sunscreen, mineral-based, for your teens
Sunscreen, mineral-based, for your teens

As individuals become more aware of their environmental impact, they begin to reconsider the products that they use in their daily lives, including sunscreen. 

Conventional chemical sunscreens normally contain compounds that may harm marine life, especially coral reefs. But here’s the good news: mineral sunscreens are not only safer for your skin but also gentler on the planet. Learn how making the switch can help protect our oceans and contribute to a healthier future.

Which Sunscreens are Eco-Friendly?

Not every sunscreen product is the same, especially when it comes to environmental impact. Ingredients like oxybenzone, octinoxate, and avobenzone, commonly found in chemical sunscreens, have been linked to coral bleaching and harm to marine life.  These chemicals rinse off your skin when you swim or shower, making their way to waterways and weak ecosystems.

In contrast, mineral-based sunscreens use physical blockers like zinc oxide and titanium dioxide to effectively protect against the sun’s UV rays. When formulated correctly (using non-nano particles and without harmful additives), they are a reef-safe method of sun protection. 

Understanding the Ingredients: Zinc Oxide and Titanium Dioxide

So what’s the difference between zinc oxide and titanium dioxide? They are naturally occurring minerals with broad-spectrum UV protection that block both UVA and UVB rays.

Unlike chemical filters, which absorb UV rays and convert them into heat, potentially irritating sensitive skin, mineral filters sit on the skin’s surface and physically block the sun. This makes them especially suitable for sensitive skin types, including children or individuals with conditions like eczema or rosacea.

Notably, reef-safe formulas do not contain nano-sized particles, which can cause danger to the environment. Rather, non-nano mineral-based sunscreens have minimal chances of being consumed by marine creatures or diffusing to the environment.

Beyond the Ocean: Greater Environmental Impact

You can make your own sunscreen, using mineral-based ingredients
You can make your own sunscreen, using mineral-based ingredients

Being eco-friendly is not just about what is inside the bottle. Many brands are also committed to creating sustainable packaging that uses recyclable or even biodegradable materials. This limits plastic waste and supports the shift to a circular economy.

Some formulas are also biodegradable, meaning they can break down naturally without causing any damage to the environment. These products help you approach sustainability in a comprehensive way, allowing you to take care of your skin while taking care of the environment around you.

Safe for You and The Planet

Mineral sunscreens are one of nature’s most thoughtful solutions. Unlike many chemical options, mineral filters are not absorbed into the bloodstream and are less likely to induce an allergic reaction, making them a smart choice for individuals with sensitive skin, allergies, or autoimmune conditions.

By choosing mineral sunscreen, you’re making a conscious decision that aligns with not only the well-being of the planet, but also your health.

Final Thoughts

You don’t have to choose between protecting your skin and protecting the environment. Mineral-based sunscreens offer effective, reef-safe UV protection while supporting a more sustainable lifestyle. Whether you’re just beginning to explore green skincare or already committed to it, switching to mineral sunscreen is a great place to start.

 

Put Summer In A Bottle: Brew Raspberry Cordial

iced raspberry cordial

Raspberries are in full flush now, so take advantage of that abundance to brew raspberry cordial. You can call it a home-brew because the juice ferments and becomes slightly alcoholic. It's sweet, light, and a clear red color, with the true raspberry flavor. Uncork a bottle in winter, and the fragrance immediately takes you right back to summer. At least, while you’re drinking it.
If you’re using fresh raspberries, you won’t need to add yeast because the yeasts needed for fermentation exist on the fruit. But if the cordial has been sitting around for a couple of days and there still isn’t foam on the surface to indicate fermentation, stir in a tiny pinch of baker’s yeast to encourage it. Confession: I’ve made the cordial with supermarket frozen raspberries more than once, and haven’t needed to supplement it with commercial yeast.
This recipe is adapted from Leda Meredith's Preserving Everything.
Prep Time 20 minutes
Total Time 61 days
Course Drinks
Cuisine American
Servings 5 Cups

Equipment

  • 2 large bowls
  • 1 potato masher or food processor
  • 1 sieve or colander
  • cheesecloth or clean kitchen towel
  • 2-3 very clean, very dry bottles. How many depends on the volume each contains.
  • 1 funnel
  • Ziploc bag or balloon for each bottle
  • 1 needle or pin
  • corks or other dependable stoppers

Ingredients
  

  • 2 quarts - 8 cups - 2 liters - fresh or frozen raspberries
  • 2 cups boiling water
  • 2 cups granulated white sugar

Instructions
 

  • If using frozen berries, thaw them out.
  • Crush the berries in a non-reactive bowl with a potato masher. Or pulse them briefly in the food processor, then transfer the mass to a crock or bowl. Don’t attempt to puree the berries, just break them down into fine chunks.
  • Have the water boiling. Stir it into the raspberry mass.
  • Cover the bowl with cheesecloth or a clean kitchen towel. Now leave it in place for 24 hours, stirring once in a while.
  • Strain the liquid into the second clean bowl through a sieve or colander lined with cheesecloth. The more you strain, the more juice you get and the less seeds to deal with.
  • Discard the seedy pulp.
  • Add the sugar to the juice, stirring. Stir well again every 15 minutes for the next hour, making 5 times altogether.
  • Strain the sweetened juice again.
  • Funnel the cordial into your bottles. It will continue fermenting.
  • Do not cork the bottles yet; fermentation creates gases that can pop corks right off and spew your beautiful cordial everywhere. Fit a Ziploc bag or balloon over each bottle and secure it with a rubber band. Pierce each bag once with the needle. This keeps dust and bugs out and allows fermentation gases to escape.
  • Put the bottles upright in a cool, dark place. The bag will inflate as the cordial ferments. When they deflate, you can cork the cordial. This should take about two months.
  • Store the bottles on their sides in that cool, dark place for a further 2 months. The wait is worthwhile to let the cordial mature.
  • The cordial may be a little fizzy when first poured out. Drink it that way if you like. Otherwise, decant it. There may be some sediment at the very bottom of the bottle. In that case, pour the cordial off gently to leave the sediment behind.
  • Kept corked and cool, the raspberry cordial will stay delicious at least a year. But you’ll probably drink it up way before.

Notes

How to serve raspberry cordial: Pour it into tumblers or small glasses, either at cool room temperature or cold. I like it iced, myself.
Other seasonal berries like yellow raspberries, blackberries, mulberries, and blueberries can be substituted in this recipe. Naturally, the color will be different according to the fruit used. Best is to use organic or foraged fruit. 
If making the cordial in quantity, it’s worth investing in one or more fermentation locks, as many as needed for your bottles. These locks do a great job of keeping the cordial clean while allowing gases to escape. Find them at local winemaking suppliers or order online.

fresh raspberries for cordial

How Israel’s Strikes Avert Iran’s Environmental Threat

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destroyed Natanz Nuclear facility
Natanz Nuclear Facility after Israeli strikes

When Israel launched a surprise, precision strike wave against Iran’s nuclear and other essential infrastructure on June 13, 2025, the world’s attention turned not only to the military, political, and human fallout but also to the environmental risks. Iran and its leaders immediately accused Israel of committing environmental war crimes. The supporting evidence for this claim was fires at oil depots, fuel deposits being damaged, and the targeting of nuclear research and development facilities.

From Israel’s perspective, these accusations are just distractions and diversions to ignore a larger truth: Iran’s pursuit of nuclear weapons poses a larger and longer-lasting environmental threat to the Middle East than Israel’s defensive measures ever will.  

Israel has long believed and employed the practice of stopping existential threats before they come to fruition. This doctrine led Israel to conduct strikes, similar to its 2025 attack, on nuclear facilities in Iraq in 1981 and Syria in 2007. While both operations were controversial at the same time, which seems to be the trend with Israel’s attacks, they are now acknowledged to have prevented potentially worse, specifically environmental, outcomes.

In June 2025, Israel used the same logic when it attacked Iran. Nuclear facilities in Natanz, Fordow, and Arak, among other infrastructure, where uranium enrichment along with other nuclear activities were targeted. Israel’s goal was clear: cripple Iran’s nuclear program before it had operational weapons. For Israeli leaders, the alternative to not attacking was unthinkable. An Iran with nuclear capabilities would not only destabilize regional politics but also risk a major humanitarian and environmental disaster.  

See Related Article: Experts at US-Arab Policy Conference debate Mideast’s future as global energy supplier

Critics of the attack warned and cited instances of radioactive leaks. However, agencies like the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) confirmed the lack of leaks and are also continuing to measure sites to ensure no radioactive increase. Chemical exposure is the real environmental danger. Chemicals used in enrichment that are not cared for and stored properly can become toxic and can potentially be inhaled or contaminate groundwater. The underground nature of Iran’s nuclear development facilities helped decrease the chance of air exposure. Additionally, Israeli military planners deliberately designed strikes to maximize damage to infrastructure and minimize environmental fallout. Israel’s precision proves that Israel recognizes environmental safety even amid war. 

Israeli Air Force Jets

Iran’s environmental department has accused Israel of targeting fossil-fuel storage, oil depots, industrial plants, and nuclear facilities with the intention of causing environmental destruction. Tehran’s state media highlighted fires at oil depots and refineries, claiming that the attacks and subsequent destruction created toxic air and soil contamination. Israel rejects these accusations. Its view is that the strikes were carefully planned and carried out with precision to undermine Iran’s economic, military, and nuclear programs.

By crippling key infrastructure, Israel seeks to cut off financial and physical resources as well as the support they provide for Iran’s proxies. From Israel’s perspective, Iran is attempting to weaponize environmental justice as propaganda while ignoring the larger risks that they are creating by their national ambitions. 

See Related Article: Iran is sinking in sinkholes from overwatering

While Iran points towards oil fires and chemical leaks, Israel argues that the long-term environmental risks of a nuclear Iran far outweigh the immediate impact of its targeted strikes. Consider the following situations:

  • Nuclear accident: Poorly secured and contained enrichment facilities could leak uranium into soil, water, and other resources
  • Regional proliferation: If Iran secures nuclear weapons, other nations in the region may pursue their programs in response, exponentially increasing the risk of accident and sabotage
  • Terrorist access: With Iranian proxies active across the Middle East, material or weapons could fall into the hands of groups with no regard for environmental or human safety
  • Regional instability: A nuclear Iran would increase the likelihood of war, where nuclear attacks would devastate the environment 

For Israel, these risks make preventative action not only the way to save human life but also to save the environment from potential destruction.

Iranian Missiles

Iran’s accusations of environmental war crimes fit into a broader narrative attempting to portray Israel as reckless and destructive. But Israel points out key hypocrisies. Iran’s secrecy, blocking inspectors from accessing facilities, Iran’s industrial pollution, and their weaponization of outrage shift their malpractice onto Israel. 

Israel frames its strategy around an ethical argument: to allow Iran to continue unchecked would not only be a gamble in terms of Israeli lives but also with the environmental health of the Middle East as a whole. 

The strikes on Iran have sparked fierce debate, but from Israel’s perspective, the choice was easy: either accept the risks of a nuclear Iran or act decisively to stop it.

Israel chose action, not out of disregard for the environment, but because it views preventive strikes as the lesser of two ecological evils. The immediate damage pales in comparison to the devastation a nuclearized Iran could unleash.

For Israel, protecting the land, air, and water of the Middle East means ensuring that a nuclear catastrophe never becomes part of the region’s future.

Emirates Turns Retired Aircraft into Luxury Bags

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Emirates, the UAE airline, is giving aviation waste a second life—and a stylish one at that. Following the rapid sellout of its 2023 launch, the Dubai-based airline has unveiled a second limited-edition collection of handmade bags crafted from retired aircraft interiors.

The Aircrafted by Emirates 2025 Collection includes 167 collector pieces now available for purchase through the Emirates Official Store. Like the first drop—which raised over $17,000 for children via the Emirates Airline Foundation—most proceeds will again support children in need, blending sustainability with social impact.

Each bag in the new collection is a one-of-a-kind artifact from aviation history. Materials have been salvaged from Emirates’ retrofitted Airbus A380 and Boeing 777 aircraft—upcycled elements like aluminum headrests, leather from First and Business Class seats, and even the faux-fur covers from the Captain’s chair.

Related: is sex on an airplane legal? Probably not in the United Arab Emirates

The result? A line of thoughtfully crafted trolley bags, backpacks, and handbags, ranging in price from $80 to $350. Some feature functional Emirates seatbelts as straps. Others are lined with brand-new fabric and include hardware upgrades like zippers and leather conditioning. All materials are laundered, deep-cleaned, and disinfected before being reimagined into luxury bags.

What makes this even more impressive is that the entire collection is handmade by Emirates’ own cabin tailors—a 14-person team usually tasked with maintaining aircraft interiors. Now, thanks to the growing popularity of the initiative (including a special Aircrafted Kids line), these artisans are working full-time on creative reuse. We hope they are getting a good wage.

This isn’t a PR gimmick, so they say. The project is a spinoff of Emirates’ massive fleet retrofit, launched in 2022—a multi-billion-dollar effort to upgrade 219 aircraft. So far, the airline has reclaimed more than 30,000 kilograms of high-quality aircraft materials, proving that large-scale industrial projects can have a second life, with both aesthetic and environmental benefits.

Aircrafted by Emirates offers a new kind of aspirational shopping experience—luxury that’s upcycled, local, and charitable. For consumers looking to reduce their carbon footprint without sacrificing quality or design, this initiative points to a broader future for sustainable fashion in the Gulf and beyond.

And yes, if past demand is anything to go by—these bags will fly off the shelves.

Octopus falls for the rubber arm trick – time to take them off the menu?

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In a surprising crossover between neuroscience and marine biology, researchers have shown that octopuses can fall for the “rubber arm” illusion—a trick long used in human studies to explore how the brain integrates sight, touch, and proprioception (our internal sense of body position).

Related: is keeping a pet octopus cruel? 

The team, led by scientists studying the plain-body octopus (Callistoctopus aspilosomatis), crafted a realistic fake arm and gently pinched it while simultaneously stimulating the real limb—just as psychologists do in human tests. The octopus responded to the fake touch as if it were its own, demonstrating a form of body ownership never before confirmed in invertebrates.

An octopus as a pet
Have you thought about keeping an octopus as a pet?

The researchers suggest the octopus displays a “primitive form of bodily self-consciousness,” indicating a potential shared basis for body ownership perception across very different species.

The implications are profound—not just for understanding intelligence, but for rethinking our relationship with non-human minds. Octopuses have long fascinated scientists for their problem-solving skills, tool use, and complex behaviors. Now, this illusion-based test reveals they may also share a self-body awareness once thought to be uniquely mammalian. Should we be eating them?

From a sustainability standpoint, this study feeds into a growing conversation around how we value marine life and intelligence in environmental policy. If octopuses exhibit this level of sentient processing, how should that affect the way we fish, farm, or conserve them?

As we develop more empathetic frameworks for environmental stewardship, understanding the inner lives of other species—especially one as cognitively complex as the octopus—may be key to designing more ethical, intelligent, and sustainable systems.

The study revealing that octopuses can experience the “rubber arm” illusion was led by Sumire Kawashima and Yuzuru Ikeda at the University of the Ryukyus in Okinawa, Japan. They tested six plain-body octopuses (Callistoctopus aspilosomatis) and found that when the fake and real arms were stroked simultaneously, the animals responded defensively to a pinch on the fake arm—evidence of body-ownership perception in octopuses.

 

Optimists wear the same rose-colored glasses

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Optimists don’t just see the glass as half full—they also share similar brain activity, according to a new brain-imaging study. Researchers found that people with an optimistic outlook displayed synchronized neural patterns, especially when processing emotional information. In contrast, pessimists showed more individualistic and variable brain responses.

The study also revealed that optimists make a clearer distinction between positive and negative events, a cognitive pattern that may act as a buffer against mental health conditions like depression.

“The dramatic part of this research was seeing a very abstract, everyday feeling — the sense that some people think alike — become literally visible in the patterns of brain activity,” says co-author Kuniaki Yanagisawa, a social psychologist.

The findings open new avenues for exploring how shared perception and outlook may influence mental resilience—and offer insights into the neural underpinnings of emotional health.

The $19 Strawberry Is a Symbol of Grocery Sticker Shock and Economic Anxiety

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It started with a single strawberry—priced at a surreal $19 at the upscale Los Angeles market Erewhon. The berry, imported from Kyoto and polished like a luxury item, went viral and became a flashpoint in a growing cultural conversation about food, privilege, and economic pressure in 2025. It is not much different from gold flake crazes or people eating rare, and protected animal species like lions or sharks.

My husband was in Japan years ago and said he found $250 melons at the store. So this kind of food upscaling isn’t new to Japan. But to Americans?

Related: make jam with $19 strawberries

Outrage over the strawberry quickly morphed into memes, TikToks, and a wave of grocery-haul anxiety content, with people showing off rising receipts for basics like eggs, milk, and bread. But beneath the humor and viral rage lies something far more serious: food prices have become a daily referendum on trust in the economy, perceptions of fairness, and personal security.

chef moshe basson in his garden
Chef Moshe Bason gardening

“Food is one of the key human needs, and food security is an important source of psychological security,” explains Uma Karmarkar, a neuroeconomist at UC San Diego. “Increases in the price of food can signal threats to our own safety as well as our ability to take care of loved ones like children.”

Influencers and the $19 strawberry
Influencers and the $19 strawberry

We may joke about expensive berries or luxury oat milks (just make your own here), but the real stress point is what’s happening to the cost of essentials. Unlike rare splurges, grocery shopping is routine and emotionally loaded. As Karmarkar notes, “Grocery prices are a frequent and familiar cost. People understand in concrete terms what things ‘should’ cost, so they’re especially sensitive when that changes.”

Related: easy ways to save money on your grocery bill

This phenomenon—what she describes as “prediction error”—creates what we now call sticker shock. And because groceries are weekly (or even daily) purchases, that shock keeps getting reinforced, making it harder to ignore.

For many, the emotional toll of rising food costs is also driving a new wave of DIY food resilience. From backyard chickens to sourdough starters (we have an expert recipe here), people are reclaiming a sense of control. “DIY means additional effort, but it also means reducing the feeling of being forced to rely on others,” says Karmarkar. “It may or may not save money in the long run, but the overall benefit of confidence in one’s ability to take care of oneself can be quite valuable.”

home made butter on napkin, with sourdough bread and knife

And in a time when grocery giants post profits while customers cut back, these efforts carry deeper meaning. They’re not just lifestyle trends—they’re personal acts of resistance in an economy that feels increasingly out of reach.

So yes, the $19 strawberry might be outrageous. But it’s also a mirror. In its fleeting sweetness, many saw a bitter truth about inequality, trust, and survival in a warming, wobbling world where even basic nourishment has become a luxury for some.

EPA May Repeal Key Climate Health Ruling — But Scientists Warn of Dire Consequences

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The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is reportedly considering repealing the 2009 endangerment finding—a landmark declaration that identified greenhouse gas emissions as harmful to human health and the environment. The decision could have sweeping consequences for climate regulation in the United States. But scientists and climate experts from the University of Michigan say rolling it back now would be a dangerous step backward.

Related: the EPA tries to stop Make Sunsets and home-grown geo-engineering

“The EPA’s potential decision to rescind the endangerment finding on climate change would, in effect, be saying that climate change is not a threat,” said Andy Hoffman, Professor of Sustainable Enterprise. “We can deny that threat, but the insurance industry most certainly is not, with increasing storm frequency and severity leading to rising property insurance rates, reduced coverage, increased deductibles, more exclusions and, at the extreme, complete withdrawal from certain markets.”

Mária Telkes, solar energy pioneer
Mária Telkes, a solar energy pioneer in America

The endangerment finding has been the scientific and legal backbone of US climate policy for more than a decade. Without it, the EPA loses its authority to regulate carbon emissions under the Clean Air Act.

“The role of science in regulation and policymaking has been understated in the current deconstruction of our science enterprise,” said Richard Rood, professor emeritus of climate and space sciences. “The persistent and consistent efforts over many years to dismantle the infrastructure and institutions for climate regulation show that this is more than the actions of a single administration.”

For Ann Jeffers, an associate professor of civil and environmental engineering specializing in fire safety, the threat is literal and blazing. “Removing restrictions on carbon emissions will only exacerbate climate-related disasters. If you think America has a wildfire problem now, just wait,” she warned. “Carbon emissions are known to be the leading cause of climate change, which has produced a hotter, drier climate in North America. This, in turn, has resulted in more frequent and more intense wildfires… like the Los Angeles fires earlier this year, which resulted in thousands of structures burned and billions of dollars in losses.”

In Michigan, local leadership is already charting a more resilient path. Liesl Eichler Clark, the university’s first director of climate action engagement, emphasized the momentum at the state level: “Americans are suffering on a daily basis from our changing climate—from devastating floods to hurricanes to the now-commonplace challenge of wildfires. Climate change is causing loss of human life and property and harming human health.

Michigan is making progress on limiting our CO2 emissions in a cost-effective way… led by the MI Healthy Climate Plan roadmap, relying on clean energy solutions that are often cheaper and easier to use. Clean energy jobs in Michigan continue to grow, and our clean economy expands. We will continue to lead.”

The EPA is expected to make a decision in the coming weeks. If the endangerment finding is reversed, it could severely limit the government’s ability to confront climate change—just as the evidence of its toll becomes undeniable.

Thirst pics of jaguars caught on camera

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Jaguars caught taking a drink on camera

As drought tightens its grip across northern Guatemala, a surprising solution is helping jaguars, tapirs, and other wildlife survive in the parched jungles of the Maya Forest: artificial watering holes.

Faced with shrinking water sources in Laguna del Tigre and Mirador-Río Azul National Parks, conservationists have begun installing durable, man-made water points in remote locations. Built to withstand extreme weather and difficult access, these oases are now attracting a remarkable cast of wild visitors.

Camera traps have captured thirsty jaguars, pumas, snakes, and rare margays stopping in for a drink. Scientists say this glimpse into animal behavior under heat stress is invaluable.

“During the dry season, many natural watering holes dry up completely,” says Rony García-Anleu of the Wildlife Conservation Society in Guatemala. But what surprised researchers most: animals are using the waterholes even during the rainy season—suggesting that the land is drying out faster than expected, and wildlife is adapting in real time.

The project, backed by groups including WCS, WWF, FUNDAECO, and CECON-USAC, highlights how low-tech, science-guided fixes can offer real lifelines in the face of escalating climate extremes. Still, experts warn these artificial waterholes are a stopgap, not a cure.

But for now, they may be the only thing standing between life and death for some of the Maya Forest’s most elusive creatures.

 

Can Herpes Kill Cancer? A Modified Virus Offers New Hope for Skin Cancer Patients

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Herpes

In a surprising twist of medical fate, the herpes virus—long known as an annoying, recurring rash-maker—may soon be your body’s best line of defense against advanced skin cancer.

A genetically modified version of herpes simplex virus type 1, known as RP1, is being hailed as a potential game-changer in the fight against melanoma, one of the deadliest forms of skin cancer. In a recent clinical trial involving 140 people with hard-to-treat, advanced melanoma, about a third of participants who received RP1 in combination with the immunotherapy drug nivolumab experienced tumor shrinkage. Even more remarkably, half of those responders saw their tumors vanish entirely.

Related: Herpes and STDs in the Middle East

RP1 doesn’t just rely on brute viral force. It’s been engineered to selectively infect and kill cancer cells while leaving healthy ones intact. Once inside the tumor, RP1 replicates and bursts cancer cells open, triggering the immune system to recognize and destroy the remaining malignancies. Combined with nivolumab—a checkpoint inhibitor that helps immune cells stay active—the results have been promising enough to attract attention from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

According to Dr. Gino Kim In, the oncologist overseeing the RP1 study, the FDA could greenlight the therapy as soon as the end of this month, potentially making RP1 the second virus-based cancer therapy ever approved in the US, after Amgen’s T-VEC (also based on herpes).

A larger, confirmatory trial involving 400 patients is still underway. But the urgency of treating late-stage cancers, and the strength of the early data, could fast-track approval.

This isn’t the first time viruses have been enlisted to fight disease—they’ve been modified to deliver gene therapies, kill antibiotic-resistant bacteria, and now, to train the immune system like a microbial bootcamp. What makes RP1 stand out is its double action: kill cancer cells directly and activate the immune system for the long haul.

Related: half of all medical cannabis (CBD and THC) not labelled right

So, can herpes kill cancer? Not the kind you catch on a bad date. But a lab-modified version of the virus might just save lives, turning a once-feared pathogen into a new kind of precision weapon in oncology.

We’re watching closely for the FDA’s verdict. Because if RP1 gets the green light, it won’t just be a victory for virology—it’ll mark a new era in living cancer drugs.

The Journey of Georgia’s Ancient Wheat to the Svalbard Seed Vault

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In Zemo Alvani, a village nestled in Georgia’s Caucasus mountains in the north of the country, Natia Matcharashvili carefully handpicks the ripest wheat grains from her fields. As a first-generation farmer, she takes pride in every harvest that will soon be milled into flour.

Natia and her husband Shota moved their family back to their village from the capital, Tbilisi, to be closer to nature, especially for the sake of their children. In fact, Shota had longed to follow in his grandfather’s footsteps and become a farmer. He felt it his calling to bring native wheat varieties back in use, as they were slowly disappearing from Georgian fields.

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“It’s our responsibility to protect these traditional wheat varieties that have adapted to our soil and climate over generations,” says Natia. “We wanted to share our traditions and live in harmony with nature,’’ she explains about moving back to Zemo Alvani.

For Natia and Shota, growing these traditional varieties of wheat, which are used in the fresh bread and cookies sold in their bakery, is a way to share their heritage with their customers.

“What started as a simple desire became our livelihood. Now we’ve grown a few [native varieties] and tasted them, and we want to keep going, discovering more of these forgotten Georgian varieties and bringing them back to life, ” Natia explains.

Living heritage at risk

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Georgia is home to remarkable wheat diversity. Of the fourteen wheat species grown in the country, five originated from Georgia itself.

Yet, without action, this living heritage risks being lost forever.

Native wheat varieties have nearly vanished from Georgia’s fields, replaced by modern varieties developed by professional breeders. Decades of centralized agriculture in the Soviet era left large, state cooperatives instead of small private farms that used to be tended to by generations of farmers.

That’s where Tamriko Jinjikhadze, an agricultural scientist at the Scientific Research Centre of Agriculture (SRCA) of Georgia, stepped in to reverse the troubling trend of genetic diversity loss.

“Some of our country’s most important crops varieties are quietly disappearing,” Tamriko explains.

With international support, Tamriko’s team launched seed collecting missions to remote areas, identifying local varieties still cultivated by small-scale farmers.

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It was on one such mission that she first met Natia and Shota. The couple knew that they were growing a local wheat variety, but they did not know its name or its specificities. Tamriko’s team collected seeds found on Natia and Shota’s field for identification at the SRCA.

Local varieties are important to Georgian farmers because they generally perform better in their place of origin, having adapted to specific conditions through generations of cultivation. For instance, native Georgian wheat varieties have higher resistance to fungal diseases and higher productivity than other varieties.

Georgian wheats are genetic treasures, carrying invaluable genes for local adaptation. “They serve as initial breeding material to develop resilient wheat varieties that can survive climate change and new pests and diseases,” Tamriko explains.

Journey to the Arctic

The journey of these ancient seeds didn’t end in Georgian soil. More than 200 samples of seeds of traditional Georgian varieties, such as Lagoedkhis Gdzeltavtava and Dolis Puri, the two local wheat varieties found on Natia and Shota’s fields, traveled with Tamriko from the remote Georgian mountain villages to the Arctic Circle, where the world’s largest seed reserve is based.

Located in northernmost Norway, about 2 000 kilometres north of the country’s capital, Oslo, the Svalbard Global Seed Vault maintains a constant temperature of -18°C to ensure long-term seed viability. This Vault holds seed duplicates from around the globe, safeguarding the world’s future food supply.

“It’s very comforting to know that our local varieties are safely preserved in Svalbard,” says Shota. ” This makes me feel confident about the future.”

This security couldn’t come at a more crucial time, as climate change and environmental challenges are eroding genetic diversity. As a result, preserving crop varieties through methods such as secure storage in gene banks and the Svalbard Global Seed Vault has become more important than ever.

“The journey of these seeds begins in the hands of farmers—their knowledge is as vital as the seeds themselves,” says Tamriko. “We, as scientists, are here to support them—not just to conserve seeds, but to ensure they can be used for livelihoods.’’

For Natia, this work represents both her heritage and her future. “By growing these local wheat varieties, we’re ensuring both their survival and the transmission of our knowledge,” she concludes.

When customers bite into fresh bread at Natia and Shota’s bakery, they’re tasting ancient seeds recovered by scientists, duplicated and safeguarded in the Svalbard Global Seed Vault and conserved by farmers in Georgia, ensuring that the past continues to nourish the future, one seed at a time.

Afghan Taxis Get Ancient Persian A/C Hack—And It Works Better Than Yours

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Afghan windcatchers on taxis
Afghan windcatchers on taxis, via the AFP

In the desert heat of Kandahar, Afghanistan, where the asphalt cooks and air conditioners wheeze in surrender, Afghan taxi drivers have taken a cue from Ancient Persia. Temperatures are now over 104 degrees and air con repairs are too expensive. Forget Tesla’s climate control or fancy freon-fueled chillers—these drivers are mounting DIY windcatchers on their car roofs and turning their beat-up Toyotas into eco-cooling machines. The cost? $43.

Call it badgir 2.0: A clever, water-cooled evaporative system rigged from plastic jugs, PVC pipe, swamp-cooler pads, and a 12V pump, all held together by hope and centuries-old wisdom.

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These contraptions—locally called “badnivil”—aren’t just a funky roadside gimmick. They’re actually working better than factory-installed AC in dry climates, cooling the entire cab and earning high praise from passengers, who now prefer the “natural AC” over the old mechanical kind.

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“With these coolers, you feel the breeze everywhere,” says one driver in a now-viral AFP video. “The AC just blows cold at the front. This is more like nature.”

Related: 5 ways to use air conditioner water

These rooftop air chillers are inspired by windcatchers—tall structures in Persian architecture designed to funnel and cool breezes into homes, often enhanced with water or ice for maximum effect. Combine that principle with a little MacGyver spirit, and you’ve got Kandahar’s answer to climate adaptation on four wheels.

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Via the BBC

While the world waits for billion-dollar innovations to solve heat resilience, these Afghan tinkerers have already built theirs—for about $15. Afghan opium producers also rely on solar energy to grow poppies.

So… Want to Make Your Own McGyvered air con for your car?

You don’t need to be in Kandahar—or even be particularly handy—to build a mini version for your car. Here’s a stripped-down DIY guide to create your own Afghan-style windcatcher cooler. No tech degree or camel required.

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?️ DIY: Afghan-Style Evaporative Car Cooler

What You’ll Need:
Item Notes

20L plastic water tank or jerry can (mounts on roof or trunk)
Swamp cooler pad / burlap / sponge (acts as the cooling surface)
Small 12V submersible pump (available online or at garden shops)
Flexible tubing or hose to circulate water
Ducting or vent hose to channel cooled air inside
Mesh screen keeps bugs out, air in
Basic tools, zip ties, sealant for rigging and mounting
Optional: solar panel to power the pump without draining your battery

How Jerry-rigged AC Works

The pump draws water from the tank and keeps the cooling pad wet.

As the car moves (or from natural breeze), air blows through the wet pad.

Water evaporates, heat disappears, and cool air is piped inside.

Because your AC runs on water and physics—not gasoline.

Build Instructions (simplified)

Mount a plastic box or crate on the car roof with airflow holes on both sides. Stuff it with wet cooling pads, burlap, or even old T-shirts—just keep them moist.

Run tubing from a small water tank (placed nearby) to a pump that trickles water onto the pad.

Connect a duct from the back of the box down into your cabin (through a window or vent).

Power your pump via your car battery or a tiny solar panel.

Enjoy the quiet hum of sustainability while everyone else melts in traffic.

Pro tip: If your city is humid, this won’t work as well—evaporative cooling is most effective in dry desert air. For urban use, pair it with a small fan for airflow boost.

The Afghan windcatcher car cooler isn’t just clever. It’s low-cost climate adaptation. With rising global temperatures and millions of cars still without functioning air con, it’s a design-for-the-rest-of-us moment. A punk rock move in a world of overdesigned heat tech. Plus, it’s deeply sustainable: no refrigerants, no increased fuel use, no carbon guilt. Just water, airflow, and a little DIY spirit.

My friends in the hot and dry Negev Desert own a Desert Cooler mounted on the roof to keep their home cool, and delightfully more humid in the hot, desert and dry sun. Why these have fallen out of fashion is anyone’s guess.

Grandfather’s chemical exposure influences grand-daughter’s sexual health

Grandpa and girl on a farmer field plowed in the winter
Grandfathers and the reproductive health of their granddaughters

“While we found that both the mother’s and father’s exposures were linked to when their daughters and granddaughters began puberty, the father’s influence was surprisingly strong.”

It’s often told that a grandmother’s environment and lifestyle effects her unborn grandchildren, because a grandmother’s daughter carries all her children’s eggs inside her tummy too. Grandparents also have an effect on mitochondrial health, pointing to a new study on grandfathers.

A grandfather’s exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals, perhaps at work or on the farm, may impact the age when his granddaughter starts her first period, according to a study being presented Sunday at ENDO 2025, the Endocrine Society’s annual meeting in San Francisco, Calif.

“Girls are starting puberty earlier than ever before, which can raise their risk for health problems later in life,” said lead researcher Xin Hu, PhD, of Emory University’s Rollins School of Public Health in Atlanta, Ga. “We wanted to explore why this might be happening by looking at how environmental exposures from grandparents can influence when girls get their first period.”

Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are substances in the environment (air, soil, or water supply), food sources, personal care products, and manufactured products that interfere with the normal function of the body’s endocrine system. Since EDCs come from many different sources, people are exposed in several ways, including air, food and water. EDCs also can enter the body through the skin. Microplastics are also a possible source.

The researchers used data from the Child Health and Development Studies (CHDS), a long-term study that began in the 1960s. They measured thousands of small molecules in blood samples taken from 249 couples in the 1960s. The researchers linked the couples’ chemical and metabolic profiles to the timing of puberty in their daughters and granddaughters.

The researchers studied the age at which their daughters (247 girls) and granddaughters (139 girls) started their periods. They found that while the median age of having a first period was stable between the grandmothers and their daughters, it dropped a full year from the daughters to the granddaughters, whose median year of birth was 1990.

They discovered that certain chemicals in both the mother’s and father’s blood were linked to when their descendants began puberty, with stronger effects seen in the granddaughters’ than in the daughters’ generation. Some chemicals such as phenoxyethanol, a common preservative in personal care products and foods, were linked to earlier puberty, especially when both parents had similar exposures.

“While we found that both the mother’s and father’s exposures were linked to when their daughters and granddaughters began puberty, the father’s influence was surprisingly strong,” Hu said. “Paternal exposure to environmental chemicals may play an unrecognized but critical role in shaping offspring endocrine health.”

She said this is the first population-based study to show that a father’s environment can affect reproductive development in both his daughter and granddaughter. “These findings highlight that prevention is possible if we identify mechanisms to protect future daughters and granddaughters, which cannot be effective if we do not consider the male line,” she said.

“Our results highlight the role of endocrine-disrupting chemicals during the vulnerable period of conception and pregnancy,” said senior author Barbara Cohn, PhD, MPH, of the Public Health Institute in Berkeley, Calif. “This research emphasizes the lasting impact of environmental exposures on reproductive health across generations.”

Eat more steak if you are taking anti-fat drugs

picture of meat
Red meat is full of collagen but not a great option for vegans

Losing weight is a struggle and a reason to stay alive. Being obese comes with all sorts of health consequences and if you can’t manage it with diet and exercise you may be taking an anti-obesity drug. To gain the best effects, researchers suggest extra meals of protein to help keep your body healthy and whole.

Women and older adults taking the anti-obesity drug semaglutide may be at higher risk for muscle loss, scientists say, but higher protein intake may help prevent muscle loss in these patients, according to a new, small study being presented Saturday at ENDO 2025, the Endocrine Society’s annual meeting in San Francisco, Calif.

Losing muscle (or lean mass) is a common side effect of weight loss in adults with obesity and may negatively affect metabolism and bone health. This is because muscle helps control blood sugar after meals and plays an important role in keeping bones strong, according to study lead researcher Melanie Haines, M.D., of Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School in Boston, Mass.

Related: do weigh loss supplements burn fat?

Approximately 40% of the weight lost from taking semaglutide—a type of weight-loss medication known as a GLP-1—comes from lean mass, including muscle. It is not yet known who is at highest risk for muscle loss or how it affects blood sugar levels, Haines said.

The researchers studied 40 adults with obesity for three months. Of these patients, 23 were prescribed semaglutide, while 17 followed a diet and lifestyle program for weight loss called Healthy Habits for Life (HHL). The researchers evaluated how their muscle mass changed.

Study participants who were prescribed semaglutide lost more weight than those who participated in the diet and lifestyle program, but the percent of weight loss that was lean mass was similar between the two groups.

Related: be careful with cannabis flowers – they aren’t being dosed correctly in medical cannabis dispensaries 

After accounting for weight loss, the researchers found that in the semaglutide group, being older, female or eating less protein was linked to greater muscle loss. Also in this group, losing more muscle was linked to less improvement in blood sugar (HbA1c levels).

Will protein and peptide supplements help?

“Older adults and women may be more likely to lose muscle on semaglutide, but eating more protein may help protect against this,” Haines said. “Losing too much muscle may reduce the benefits of semaglutide on blood sugar control. This means preserving muscle during weight loss with semaglutide may be important to reduce insulin resistance and prevent frailty in people with obesity.”

Haines said that more studies are needed to find the best way to lose fat but keep muscle when using GLP-1 medications.

Rewilding the Suburb: Lagoon Valley’s Profound Plan for Conservation Community in California–– An Interview with Developer Curt Johansen

Find a new conservation community, at the sustainable green build at Lagoon Valley
Find a new conservation community, at the sustainable green build at Lagoon Valley

Not a trend, and not just a community: why Lagoon Valley’s green build may be the blueprint for sustainable living

As the winds of change blow through housing markets and climate conversations alike, more people are asking how—and where—to live in ways that reflect their deepest values. For those seeking community, conservation, and connection, a quiet revolution is taking shape in Northern California. #Vanlife had its day, and global nomadism is lonely. Lagoon Valley might be the natural next step for people looking to live sustainably in a regular-sized green home and community.  

We first reported on Lagoon Valley in 2022 when the idea of a sustainable, conservation community on the edge of Vacaville sounded more like a dream than a blueprint. Readers loved the idea of a local community farm within walking distance, and neighbors sharing similar conservation values, like farm-to-table and community supported agriculture without having to join a cult or commune. Now, after years of planning, the vision has become reality—and the Lagoon Valley model is gaining international attention and we have an exclusive interview with its lead developer and dreamer Curt Johansen. 

85% wild, 100% intentional

The homes—ranging from cottage-style bungalows to age-qualified residences with ADUs—follow rigorous green build principles. They’re designed to meet or exceed California’s already high standards for energy and water efficiency, integrating solar, thermal-pane windows, energy-star appliances, and wastewater-saving systems. 

But Lagoon Valley goes beyond checklists and LEED points for green builds. It’s an experiment in sustainability and conservation communities as a lived experience. A walkable town center, an upcoming organic farm-to-table hub, and clustered neighborhoods that reduce land disturbance are just some of the features aimed at helping residents reconnect with the land and each other. And it’s a place which considers all ages and all kinds of people from families with babies and toddlers to teens and seniors. 

A shift in values, not just real estate

From Europe to the Pacific Northwest, we’ve been tracking the rise of conservation communities—places where long-term ecological thinking drives planning, not short-term gains. Lagoon Valley adds a uniquely Californian flavor to this trend, blending progressive design with deep ecological awareness. It’s not just a real estate offering, it’s a cultural reset.

Conservation has too often been outsourced or compartmentalized. Lagoon Valley developers are saying, what if it’s central? What if your home, your walk, your food, your school, your view—what if all of that is part of the regenerative whole?

Be inspired by our in-depth interview with Curt Johansen, where we dig deeper into the lessons Lagoon Valley offers for the future of green build communities. We’ll explore how developers, planners, and residents alike can reclaim stewardship—and why this model may hold the key to a more sustainable, meaningful way of life.

Curt Johansen
Curt Johansen

Curt Johansen is the Development Director of Lagoon Valley, Northern California’s first conservation community. A longtime advocate of sustainable development, Johansen brings decades of experience designing and managing environmentally responsible, mixed-use communities across California. 

He is a founding partner of UrbanSmart Growth and has led major projects such as Bay Street in Emeryville and the redevelopment of American Canyon in Napa County. His work is rooted in the principles of Reconciliation Ecology—integrating human communities within natural ecosystems—and emphasizes long-term stewardship, biodiversity, and affordable housing. Johansen is known for championing patient capital and regenerative land-use models that prioritize people, place, and planet.

Green Prophet: You’ve said Lagoon Valley turns traditional development ‘on its head.’ What does true land stewardship look like when people are no longer separate from nature, but part of the ecosystem?

A: True land stewardship in Lagoon Valley means recognizing that humans are an integral part of the ecosystem, not separate from it. Instead of dominating or circumventing nature, we actively work to integrate our community within wildlife habitat corridors. Inspired by the principles of “Reconciliation Ecology,” Lagoon Valley minimizes its impact on the environment while allowing residents to learn from and coexist with diverse species of native plants and animals. 

Lagoon Valley becomes a living laboratory where residents reconnect with nature through activities like hiking, birdwatching, and biodiverse agriculture — revitalizing our innate “biophilia,” or love of nature. This not only preserves biodiversity but also enhances residential quality of life, making Lagoon Valley a pioneering model for community-driven, harmonious coexistence with nature.

How did your team ensure that the cultural and ecological memory of the land guided development, not just the economic bottom line?

A: Significant time and financial resources were employed to understand culturally historical conditions, including the avoidance and mounding above obsidian flakes along with careful reconstruction of Native American stream locations. Also, extensive plant and wildlife habitat areas were restored to the master plan, in lieu of far more invasive prior development approvals, to remain as open spaces.

With 85% of the land preserved as open space, how do you measure success—not just in terms of real estate sales, but in community well-being and biodiversity?

A: Recognition by State biologists regarding the success of our new Wetland Preserve has been a strong measure of biodiversity flourishing. Our residents are consistently attracted to the community’s conservation/open space commitments, ranking community open space as the most prominent amenity of the community, and they are engaged with actively getting involved in conversations around ecological literacy.

How can Lagoon Valley become a replicable model for other developers, especially those working in climate-vulnerable regions where affordability and conservation often clash?

A: The potential for success with any attempt at a medium-to-large scale, live-work-play conservation community requires a willingness to cooperate with development innovation on the part of the municipal jurisdiction involved with oversight approvals. On the equity development side, the model is replicable when one has patient capital providers that understand the long-term value return from conservation communities. I have been blessed with two amazing partners who understand and support my work.

Community-Supported Agriculture and education programs are part of the plan. How do you see food, farming, and learning as tools for rebuilding human-nature relationships?

A: Over many years I have observed closely the effect Community Supported Agriculture has on neighborhoods that support their CSA. One important effect is resident bonding around farm-to-table, healthier family eating habits. When kids (and adults of all ages) experience the careful and hard work it takes to produce healthy vegetables and fruits, they also notice a big difference in quality between organic food locally grown from what they buy from the industrial ag system that ships food products an average of 1,300 miles each day and loses to spoil almost one-third of its output. 

I had the great pleasure of meeting Wendell Berry to glean what insight I could from his inimitable wisdom regarding proper farming, and it was transformative. He helped me understand that true knowledge of place is intrinsically tethered to a true knowledge of local agriculture, and that for farmers who bring to the local market products from quality soil, without pesticides or herbicides, without pollution, grown and harvested with labor paid a living wage, it is worth the small extra cost to residents because of the long-term benefits to their health and the “social community glue” CSAs provide.

Curt Johansen
Curt Johansen

In your view, what role do residents play in shaping and sustaining this vision? How do you cultivate a sense of responsibility beyond just living in a ‘green’ neighborhood?

A: Fostering sustainable behaviors in green communities still requires altering existing behaviors, and that comes from instilling a problem-solving, communally-activated approach to prompting healthier behaviors. When resident leaders are trained to present win-win outcomes for their neighbors, it can be inspiring to see how positive outcomes can be recognized and emulated. Creating opportunities for environmental volunteerism in activities that appeal to neighbors helps residents to get to know the open spaces surrounding them more intimately, which in turn invests them in taking greater care of these sacred places.

What advice would you offer to cities or developers who want to transition from extractive models of building toward regenerative, community-centered development?

A: If I had the power to do so, I would require every land developer and every public servant with influence in land planning to visit existing conservation communities and see the difference over time between how home values appreciate instead of depreciate and how residents are generally happier in their neighborhoods. So many of us suffer in varying degrees from the idea of Nature Deficit Disorder. Physically visiting and interacting with residents living in sustainable communities is paradigm-shifting.

We often hear concerns that sustainable communities might sacrifice resale value or long-term investment. What are you seeing—or expecting—when it comes to property value in a place like Lagoon Valley, where ecological integrity is part of the design?

A: Home resale values in successful conservation communities typically outpace the overall market. A good example close to Lagoon Valley is Village Homes in Davis, CA, which has been around for almost 50 years and continues to thrive both ecologically and financially for its residents who are passionate about preserving the many sustainable features embedded in their community’s planning. Other notable conservation communities that have thrived in many ways, including the appreciation of home values, include Prairie Crossing just north of Chicago and Serenbe, just south of Atlanta, to name a few. Sustainability in communities is increasingly seen as long-term enhancement of property values, whereas depreciation is still the norm in many markets where the negative long-term social impacts of conventional, unsustainable development increase over time.

Do you have a childhood memory of being in nature/wishing you were in nature that informs the work you do today? 

A: Until the age of 9, I was a city kid living in New York with lots of concrete in my neighborhood and not much nature. But I was fortunate to have relatives who owned a small family farm on Long Island, when one could take the train for a visit. I still recall vividly my first taste of an organically grown, vine-ripened tomato, many of which my Italian grandmother would use to make spaghetti sauce for the family. It was magnificent and I’ve never forgotten that revelation.

Thank you Curt! 

As cities face the twin pressures of climate instability and housing crises, Lagoon Valley reminds us that sustainability doesn’t mean sacrifice: it means design with intention. It’s a reminder that large-scale development, community and ecological integrity don’t have to be at odds. With 1,300 acres of preserved open space, a thriving local food vision, and a blueprint guided by civic participation, responsibility, and care, this new housing development project shows that living in harmony with nature isn’t just possible—it’s desirable.

To learn more about Lagoon Valley, visit their website: https://lagoon-valley.com/

 

7 Powerful Reasons I Tried Flirt.com—Why This Dating Site Isn’t a Scam

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Eco and sustainable dating
Eco and sustainable dating? If you’re wondering whether flirt.com is worth your time—or if it’s just another scam, you’re not alone. I asked the same thing. So I signed up. Here’s my honest, in-depth flirt.com review based on real experience using this dating site.

Getting Started with Flirt.com: Why Signing Up Felt Right

Creating my flirt.com profile was incredibly intuitive, even for someone completely new to the world of online dating. This dating site stands out with its clean, user-friendly design that makes onboarding both smooth and genuinely exciting. Within minutes of signing up, I was asked a series of smart questions about my interests, location, and relationship goals—whether I was looking to meet people for conversation, a casual connection, or even a spontaneous hookup. Almost instantly, flirt.com began suggesting real, active users—genuine flirt members—based on online indicators and location proximity.

It was clear that flirt.com will match you with people who are not only close to you but also actively using the site, which is a refreshing change from many other platforms. Whether you’re hoping to flirt, find a spark, or explore new social circles, the process didn’t feel like a chore. In fact, it was fast, seamless, and a lot more enjoyable than I expected. From the very start, it felt like a good place to truly meet people without pressure.

Exploring Chat Features and First Impressions of the Flirt Community

One of the biggest benefits of using Flirt.com—widely recognized as a popular dating site—is the impressive variety and functionality of its chat features. From the moment I logged in, I could easily send messages, share emojis, send winks, and even take advantage of the built-in video chat feature to engage in face-to-face conversations with other users. What truly stood out to me was the active chat room environment, where I could drop in on casual group discussions, share opinions, and meet new people without the pressure of one-on-one interactions.

This vibrant social setting provided a comfortable way to ease into deeper conversations. Unlike other platforms that often feel rigid or limited, flirt.com has different communication tools tailored to various user preferences—whether you’re just testing the waters or actively pursuing connections. The platform’s smart algorithm also continually introduced me to potential matches based on mutual interests and location, making it feel personalized and dynamic. Whether you’re looking for flirty banter, a spontaneous date, or just someone to chat with, this dating site offers flexible and enjoyable ways to build meaningful connections.

Is Flirt.com a Scam? Busting Myths with Real Experience

sunflowers dance like we do
Looking for a nature lover like you?

Many people assume every online dating site is a scam full of fake profiles, bots, or automatic systems to generate fake emails or messages or steal your information. But I found none of that here. Flirt.com takes these issues seriously. If you feel that a member is acting suspiciously, you can report them.

As soon as they receive notice, they investigate. If a person is under observation, their actions are monitored. The site doesn’t allow use of false profiles and actively works to combat fake reviews. That’s more than I can say for another website I once tried.

Why a Flirt.com Subscription Is Worth It

After a few days of testing the waters, I upgraded to a premium membership. This gave me full access to photos, the ability to send flirtcasts, use video chat, and more. Plus, their subscription plans are transparent—no surprise charges. If you want to cancel my subscription, it’s a quick and easy process.

I even saw that Flirt.com offers a satisfaction guarantee, and if needed, you can request a refund. It’s not one of those platforms where you wonder, “Can I get my money back?” because the site makes their billing policy crystal clear.

The Real Flirt.com Pros and Why It’s a Good Site

There are plenty of things that make this a good site, especially if you’re looking for something casual. First, you’ll find active users who genuinely want to connect. Second, the UI makes it easy to navigate. And third, you’ll actually enjoy the process of engaging with people. I especially liked using flirtcast to send a flirty message to a group. Compared to other dating platforms I’ve tried, Flirt.com felt alive and exciting. It didn’t feel like the typical terrible site where all the profiles are dead or fake.

Flirt.com Pros Details
User-Friendly Interface Intuitive layout makes profile setup and navigation quick and effortless.
Active Community of Flirt Members Many online users available for real-time chatting and interaction.
Flexible Communication Features Includes chat, video chat, flirtcasts, winks, and group chat rooms.
Smart Match Suggestions Personalized potential matches based on preferences and location.
Great for Casual Connections Perfect for singles looking for casual chats or short-term relationships.
Safety Measures in Place Actively combats fake profiles, bots, and suspicious behavior.
Easy Subscription Management Transparent billing, easy to cancel my subscription if needed.
Fast and Responsive Support Quick help via chat or email from the support team.
Privacy Focused Clear privacy policies and proactive moderation for user safety.
Engaging User Experience Gamified onboarding and interactive design enhance the dating experience.

How Flirt.com Makes Meeting New People Simple and Engaging

This dating platform provides an impressive variety of ways to connect with others, making it especially appealing to users who value both flexibility and authenticity. Whether you’re jumping into a lively public chat room, diving into a one-on-one conversation through private chat features, or using the seamless video chat option to speak face-to-face, Flirt.com offers a rich and engaging communication experience. From casual chatting to deeper emotional exchanges, the tools are designed for all comfort levels and intentions.

This diversity of interaction methods is one of the reasons behind the many positive flirt reviews the site receives across dating forums and review platforms. Whether you’re aiming to talk and flirt, enjoy the fun of sending a flirty message, or build genuine, lasting real connections, Flirt.com delivers. More importantly, the site gives you full control to express yourself at your own pace. And thanks to its smart matching algorithm and personalized suggestions, it becomes easier than ever to find the right match based on your interests, location, and activity level. Flirt also emphasizes user safety, giving you peace of mind while enjoying everything the platform has to offer.

Handling Safety, Customer Support, and Your Privacy

From the moment I signed up, I felt safe. The platform’s privacy policies are clear and enforced. And when I reached out to customer support with a basic question, they replied quickly and professionally. If your account is active and something goes wrong, help is just a click away. The company even uses systems to generate fake emails detection to remove shady accounts. If needed, you can always unsubscribe or even removed my account fully.

Should You Try Flirt.com? My Final Takeaway

Absolutely. Whether you’re meeting new people for the first time, looking for casual chats after a long day, or genuinely hoping to spark real connections, Flirt.com delivers a well-rounded experience for all types of users. I had an excellent dating experience using the site—from profile setup to messaging and video chat, everything felt smooth, intuitive, and engaging. What sets this platform apart is that it doesn’t feel like a shady scam or a hub for bots. Instead, it functions as a vibrant, responsive community that fosters authentic interaction. Flirt offers a variety of fun and interactive features such as flirtcasts, winks, advanced search filters, and even group chat room access, all tailored to enhance the user experience.

Additionally, I was impressed by the attentive and reliable customer care team, who were available to assist with questions and concerns in a timely and professional manner. If you’re considering stepping into the world of an online dating service, whether you’re looking for casual connections or more, this platform is a strong place to begin. With engaging features and strong support, Flirt.com sets itself apart in a crowded digital dating space.

 

Space travel sunscreen found in new fungus experiment

She invented a new space age sunscreen
She invented a new space age sunscreen

Moving to Mars? He’s a new fungus-based sunscreen to protect you from gamma radiation

Planning on traveling aboard SpaceX on a trip to Mars? An American lab just found a new potential sunscreen that creates protective melanin, a low-cost alternative to squid ink. It can be grown on space labs and used on Mars.

Here is the story!

Several years ago, Erin Carr’s doctoral adviser Steven Harris handed her bags of soil collected from the soil crust of a cold British Columbian desert. She went to work on it, suspending it in liquid, plating it onto a growth medium and treating it with antibiotics and antifungals. Then, she replated the tiny black dots that emerged.

Those dots turned out to be a novel fungus — Exophiala viscosa, though Carr dubbed it Goopy — that may just be a resource for large-scale, cost-effective production of melanin, with applications in ultraviolet-protective products and advanced materials for aerospace and other industries.

Related: Mars found a way to store carbon, can we?

Melanin is a natural pigment that determines the color of human skin, hair and eyes. Humans produce it with specialized cells called melanocytes and its concentration directly impacts skin tone, with more melanin resulting in darker skin. Melanin also plays a crucial role in a number of human health concerns: It protects the skin from harmful UV radiation, helping prevent skin cancer and other cancers and reducing inflammation associated with diseases such as diabetes and fatty liver disease.

Acquiring large quantities of melanin is problematic. Its primary source is squid ink, which requires a squid’s death to obtain small amounts, at a cost of about $300 per gram, said Carr, a postdoctoral research associate at Rajib Saha’s Systems and Synthetic Biology Lab in the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering.

Related: she’s growing food on Mars 

Certain fungi in cold deserts also naturally produce melanin, incorporating it into cell walls and releasing it under certain conditions. That is where Goopy comes in, said Rajib Saha, Richard L. and Carol S. McNeel Associate Professor of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and the principal investigator on a three-year, $1,032,070 grant from the National Science Foundation to study the fungi’s potential in melanin production.

The difference between E. viscosa’s production of melanin and other fungi’s is that it “not only produces melanin and not only stores melanin in the membrane, it transports it out,” Saha said.

It is an unusual behavior that could make E. viscosa useful in large-scale melanin production.

Other fungi produce and store melanin but do not excrete it.

One hypothesis is that E. viscosa is partnering with photosynthetic organisms also found in that cold desert crust environment, such as algae and cyanobacteria, and within that relationship, melanin is being exchanged for essential nutrients, Carr said.

Because melanin may be an essential biomolecule for the survival of E. viscosa, its production of the substance may function more as a primary metabolite rather than a secondary, non-essential metabolite, she added.

Saha said the research aims to investigate this symbiosis to uncover the triggers regulating melanin production.

Carr is growing the fungus in a triculture that includes algae and cyanobacteria. Saha and his grad students will run computer metabolic modeling to help optimize and manipulate melanin pathways in the fungus and identify transcription factors used to regulate melanin production.

“We want to figure out how to optimize and increase the melanin secreted out of the cell so that we can use that melanin to do a wide variety of beneficial things for humanity,” Carr said.

That could mean adding it to sunscreen or textiles for UV radiation protection. It could be useful for space travel since melanin has been known to protect against gamma radiation. Melanin also might be useful in bioremediation of so-called “forever chemicals” and toxic metals that linger in the environment.

Half of all medical cannabis doses labeled incorrectly

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Medical cannabis mislabeled
A wild mislabeling of THC in cannabis products when you buy flowers. A sampling of cannabis products, purchased at Colorado dispensaries and analyzed for the study.

Medical cannabis can be a life saver for children and adults with epilepsy. It helps alleviate cancer pain and it’s been shown to help certain people with PTSD. But not all cannabis plants have the same potency of medically active ingredients such as THC and CBD. And a new study has shown that even though there are measures in place to estimate potencies and doses in actual practice the labels are wildly inaccurate.

Researchers weigh in and report that nearly half of cannabis flower products are inaccurately labeled when it comes to potency, with most showing they contain more THC than they really do. Meanwhile, labels on cannabis concentrates tend to be accurate, with 96% shown to match what’s inside.

Related: Charlotte’s web and cannabis 

That’s the takeaway from a new analysis of products sold at dispensaries across Colorado—the first state to legalize recreational marijuana. The study, published this month in the journal Scientific Reports, is the first comprehensive label audit of legal market cannabis to date.

“Cannabis use has complex and wide-ranging effects, and we are working hard to better understand them,” said senior author Cinnamon Bidwell, associate professor of psychology and neuroscience at CU Boulder. “While that research plays out, we should, at the very least, be providing accurate information about the amount of THC in these products.”

The study was funded by the Institute of Cannabis Research, the state’s official cannabis research institute, and conducted in collaboration with MedPharm Research, LLC, a licensed cannabis testing facility, manufacturer and retailer. Under federal law, university scientists are not allowed to handle legal market cannabis for research, so collaborating with industry is critical.

quit smoking
Cannabis flowers, usually smoked, are inaccurately labeled

For the study, a secret shopper from MedPharm traveled the state to obtain 277 products from 52 dispensaries across 19 counties. The sampling included 178 flower products and 99 smokable concentrates. No edibles were included in this phase of the study.

The shopper shared label photos with Bidwell’s team. Then the samples, marked only with a number, were tested by MedPharm chemists who hadn’t seen the labels. Data analysis showed that flower products contained on average about 21% THC, or tetrahydrocannabinol—the main psychoactive ingredient in cannabis. Concentrates contained 71% THC on average, with some containing as much as 84%. In the 1980s, the typical THC content in marijuana was around 8%.

“THC content has increased significantly, and we know that greater THC exposure is likely associated with greater risks, including risk of cannabis use disorder and some mental health issues,” notes Bidwell.

Products were considered “accurately labeled” if they contained within 15% of the THC amount shown on the label—the same threshold the state uses. About 44% percent of flower products failed to meet that standard, with 54 of those products inflating their THC content and 23 containing more THC than the label indicated. Only four concentrate products were labeled inaccurately.

cannabis oil woman
Cannabis oil and extracts is a better bet for dosing

“When it comes to concentrates, I would say Colorado gets a good grade for labeling accuracy, but there are some real issues with flower,” said Bidwell.

The study also looked at several other cannabinoids, including cannabidiol (CBD), cannabigerol (CBG), and cannabigerolic acid (CBGA). Notably, CBG and CBGA, which have been associated with anti-inflammatory and anti-anxiety properties, were more abundant than CBD in products across categories. But Colorado law only requires that companies put CBD levels on the label.

“Focusing on THC on the label can actually do a disservice for consumers, because it creates an environment in which people buy based solely on THC content,” said Bidwell. “Our data suggests that multiple other cannabinoids should also be reported.”

 

Stella McCartney’s Cinnamon-Scented Compostable Sneakers Could Be the Future of Fashion

Cinnamon shoes
Cinnamon shoes

You can now smell the future of fashion—and it smells like cinnamon.

The latest sneaker drop from sustainable fashion pioneer Stella McCartney isn’t just about style or performance. The S-Wave Sport Trainer, part of her Autumn 2025 collection, is a milestone for circular fashion. The shoe is built with BioCir® Flex, a high-performance, compostable, recyclable, and bio-based material developed by the biomaterials startup Balena.

And the sole? It’s dyed with cinnamon waste. So when you lift your foot, you might catch a whiff of spice: “Smell the sole… it smells of cinnamon! … a closed-loop production… zero waste. It is mind-blowing,” Stella McCartney said at the launch.

This is more than a gimmick. The S-Wave sneaker is a signal to the global fashion industry that the age of fossil-based, forever-waste plastics is coming to an end—and that regenerative biomaterials are ready for prime time. The BioCir® Flex sole, developed by Balena in Tel Aviv, is designed for industrial composting and chemical recycling. That means it can degrade into biomass at end-of-life or be repurposed as feedstock for new products—no microplastics, no incineration, no landfill.

It’s made from renewable resources like castor bean oil, natural sugars, and plant-based elastomers, and carefully engineered to match the durability and elasticity of conventional thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU). In other words, it performs like a modern sports shoe—but returns to the earth or lab when you’re done.

“This collaboration represents a future where materials are truly circular, sustainable, and high-performance,” said David Roubach, founder and CEO of Balena. “It’s a milestone I could only dream of.”

Fashion is one of the most polluting industries on the planet, responsible for up to 10% of global greenhouse gas emissions and an enormous share of synthetic microplastic pollution. Most shoes today—especially those made for sport—are constructed from petroleum-based plastics that take centuries to degrade, if at all.

The S-Wave x Balena project is a proof-of-concept for how future footwear could look, feel, and behave in a circular economy. It’s also a message: luxury and sustainability can co-exist—if designers are willing to work with nature, not against it.

At Green Prophet, we’ve long tracked the rise of engineered living materials (ELMs), algae-based dyes, and circular fashion startups. Balena’s material joins this new wave of bio-innovation, where fashion is no longer just wearable—it’s regenerative.

Balena’s rise reflects a growing biomaterials ecosystem in Israel, where startups are turning food waste, seaweed, and microbial cultures into next-gen plastics, leather alternatives, and fibers. By partnering with a global voice like Stella McCartney—who famously avoids animal leather and is leading LVMH’s sustainability strategy—Balena has fast-tracked its tech from lab bench to luxury shelf.

stella mccartney fungus
Stella McCartney is going beyond traditional dyes and is using fungus to dye her clothes in Bolt leather

“This is what happens when material science meets design with shared values,” says Roubach. “And we’re only getting started.”

The S-Wave isn’t just compostable. It’s beautiful. It’s functional. And it speaks to a growing cultural shift, especially among younger consumers, toward transparency, ethics, and lifecycle design. With brands like Adidas, Allbirds, and Veja experimenting with similar biomaterials, and designers like Stella McCartney putting compostability on the runway, we’re inching toward a world where your favorite sneaker doesn’t outlive you—or the planet.

And in the meantime, it might just make your feet smell like cinnamon.

Green Prophet tracks emerging biomaterials, circular fashion, and environmental innovation from the Middle East and beyond. Want to pitch your green design breakthrough? Reach us at [email protected].

Living Plastics That Clean Water and Heal Themselves—Powered by Sunlight

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Stella McCartney makes fashion out of a mushroom leather

Imagine a wound dressing that releases oxygen as it heals, or a building material that cleans your wastewater while changing shape with the sun. These futuristic-sounding ideas may soon enter the design mainstream, thanks to new research into Engineered Living Materials (ELMs)—a field funded by DARPA and which stands at the intersection of materials science, microbiology, and sustainability.

A team of researchers at the University of California San Diego has cracked open the toolbox for ELM creation, allowing scientists to work with a much broader range of polymers, even those previously considered toxic to living cells.

Their breakthrough, recently published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, uses a diffusion-based method that enables cyanobacteria—sunlight-powered microbes—to infiltrate and transform pre-formed polymers. The result? A living material that can change shape, soften over time, and respond to its environment, all while powered by the sun.

“We have shown for the first time that diffusion is a viable method of creating ELMs,” said co-first author Lisa Tang, a Ph.D. student in chemical engineering at UC San Diego. “This opens the door to using a wider variety of polymers.”

The study was led by Prof. Jinhye Bae (Chemical and Nano Engineering) and Prof. Susan Golden (Molecular Biology), under the umbrella of UCSD’s Materials Research Science and Engineering Center. Co-author Nathan Soulier, a postdoctoral scholar in Golden’s lab, emphasized the scientific impact:

“Such surprising findings highlight the value of studying dynamic, non-equilibrium systems like ELMs.”

A Biotech Renaissance in Material Design

This development could radically influence sustainable design across multiple industries. In the fashion world, Stella McCartney has already collaborated with synthetic biologists at companies like Bolt Threads to develop mycelium leather, an earlier example of living materials. At the MIT Media Lab, designer and materials innovator Neri Oxman has pioneered the concept of “material ecology,” merging computational design with microbial growth and environmental data to create biodegradable architecture and wearables.

stella mccartney fungus
Stella McCartney is going beyond traditional dyes and is using fungus to dye her clothes in Bolt Threads

In Israel, Tel Aviv University’s Prof. Oded Shoseyov (inventor of the Ashpoopie) has been a leader in applying plant and bacterial proteins to smart materials and bio-fabricated textiles, often collaborating with biotech startups on sustainable production methods.

Neri Oxman
Neri Oxman

With the new method developed at UCSD, even synthetic polymers with harsh precursors could now become home to living, functional organisms. In the team’s experiment, they used a shape-memory polymer that expands and contracts with temperature shifts—mimicking a sponge. Once returned to room temperature, the polymer absorbed a suspension of cyanobacteria, which not only survived but thrived—altering the material’s structure and producing enzymes that degraded it in novel ways.

Why It Matters: From Wastewater to Wearables

Bacteria art in a petri dish

Cyanobacteria can be genetically programmed to perform specific tasks, such as breaking down pollutants or producing biofuels—meaning these living materials could clean water, capture carbon, or even sense toxins. And because they run on solar energy, they don’t need batteries or chemical power sources.

Neri Oxman, bacteria in printed fashion
Neri Oxman, bacteria in printed fashion

This has major implications for green construction, regenerative medicine, and zero-waste fashion. In architecture, self-healing facades and living insulation could reduce reliance on petroleum-based materials. In medical contexts, bioactive scaffolds could accelerate healing while reducing infection risk.

As demand grows for biodegradable, responsive, and resource-efficient materials, this diffusion-based method could become a cornerstone in post-petroleum design—a path toward truly circular, regenerative systems.

The UCSD team is already exploring how other polymers—those sensitive to pH or capable of conducting electricity—might host living cells. The idea is to create multi-functional, multi-sensory materials that behave more like biological tissues than inert plastic.

Scanning electron microscope image of an engineered living material created by diffusion of live cyanobacteria cells (green) into poly(N-isopropylacrylamide), a temperature-responsive polymer.
Scanning electron microscope image of an engineered living material created by diffusion of live cyanobacteria cells (green) into poly(N-isopropylacrylamide), a temperature-responsive polymer.

“By integrating photosynthetic organisms into materials science, we can harness the sun’s renewable energy to create valuable materials,” said Bae. “There is a great need for sustainable alternatives to current practices that rely on finite resources.”

In a world running short on raw materials but rich in sunlight and microbial ingenuity, the age of engineered living matter may be just beginning.

Want to speak “dolphin”?

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Looks like Bill Murray and the crew from Steve Zissou: Denise Herzing and her team listening to dolphins
Looks like Bill Murray and the crew from Steve Zissou: Denise Herzing and her team listening to dolphins

Is Anyone Listening? A Marine Biologist’s 40-Year Conversation with Dolphins

In 1985, marine biologist Denise Herzing set out on a six-week research trip to the Bahamas to study wild dolphins. Four decades later, she’s still there—immersed in what has become a lifelong effort to understand how dolphins communicate. Herzing’s new book, Is Anyone Listening? (University of Chicago Press, 2024), distills this remarkable journey and argues that it’s time we meet animals not just as research subjects, but as potential conversational partners.

Herzing’s work with Atlantic spotted dolphins (Stenella frontalis) through her nonprofit Wild Dolphin Project is among the longest continuous underwater studies of a single dolphin population in the world. She’s logged thousands of hours in the water and helped pioneer underwater keyboards and acoustic tools to investigate symbolic communication between humans and dolphins.

Life Aquatic
Life Aquatic with Denise

But not everyone is convinced the book qualifies as science. In a recent review for Nature, marine mammal expert Laela Sayigh praises Herzing’s “remarkable fieldwork” but warns that the book “lacks sufficient data and references,” leaving some claims unsubstantiated. “However, Herzing’s passion for nature and animals makes for a positive overarching message,” she writes.

Related: Saving Seychelles turtles – Jeanne Mortimer

Despite its speculative tone, the book opens important ethical questions: If animals are capable of language-like behavior, how should we interact with them?

Communication Underground, Underwater, and in the Canopy

Herzing’s work joins a growing body of research showing that non-human communication systems may be far more complex—and more meaningful—than once believed. At Green Prophet, we’ve followed this theme through the treetops, across deserts, and even underground.

Take frogs, for instance: scientists have shown that some species, like the red-eyed tree frog (Agalychnis callidryas), use seismic communication by shaking leaves beneath them to warn off predators or signal mates. These substrate-borne vibrations function like primitive Morse code, especially in low-visibility environments like rainforest understories.

And ants? Not to be outdone, recent soil science reveals how some tropical ant and termite species create micro-engineered soil structures, aiding water retention and plant growth. Their subterranean tunnel systems could inspire future architects and soil conservationists alike.

Even plants get in on the conversation. Some researchers suggest that root systems “communicate” chemically with fungi, triggering nutrient exchanges that resemble trading systems. Other researchers say they can pick up on the jabber. Whether we call it communication or co-evolution, it challenges long-held assumptions about intelligence.

While Is Anyone Listening? may not satisfy those looking for hard statistics, it’s a compelling read for anyone interested in the intersection of science, philosophy, and animal behavior. Herzing’s voice—at once personal, precise, and probing—asks us not just to decode dolphin sounds but to consider our role as co-inhabitants of a shared, noisy planet.

And with artificial intelligence now being deployed to analyze animal languages (see the CETI project on sperm whale communication), the field Herzing helped pioneer is more relevant than ever.

How Termites and Ants Built the Tropics’ Best Soil

Part of the egress complex of a mound of Macrotermes michaelseni termites from NamibiaCredit
D. Andréen
Part of the egress complex of a mound of Macrotermes michaelseni termites from Namibia, D. Andréen

Biomimicry looks to nature for helping us engineer human products such as vernacular design

For years, scientists believed the exceptional fertility of tropical Ferralsols—a crumbly, porous soil found in regions like the Brazilian Cerrado and parts of West Africa—was simply the result of mineral weathering. But new research has cracked open that theory, revealing a hidden network of co-engineers: termites and ants. These social insects have not just inhabited these soils—they’ve built them.

Ary Bruand
Ary Bruand

In a landmark perspective published in Pedosphere Dr. Ary Bruand and colleagues at France’s Institut des Sciences de la Terre d’Orléans trace how millions of generations of termites and ants have sculpted the structure of Ferralsols. By transporting minerals from deep underground and engineering an intricate system of tunnels, these insects have created the porous, breathable soils that support some of the world’s richest tropical biodiversity and agriculture.

“This is like discovering that the pyramids weren’t built by natural erosion, but by ancient engineers,” said Bruand. “These insects have been performing ecosystem services worth billions of dollars, completely unnoticed. Their soil structures are more sophisticated than anything we’ve designed in labs.”

The team used advanced microscopy and chemical tracing to map the fingerprints of insect activity across Ferralsol profiles from three continents. Their findings are striking: termites, possibly in search of scarce minerals like sodium, mine materials from depths of up to 10 meters. They transport these nutrients to the surface, where ants help redistribute and stabilize them—creating honeycomb-like soil microstructures that resist compaction, retain water, and allow roots to thrive.

Yet this partnership is under threat. In regions where native vegetation is converted to cropland, termite and ant populations decline rapidly. In Ivory Coast, the team observed a 60% drop in these soil-structuring insects just five years after agricultural expansion. Water retention and crop yields followed the same downward trajectory.

Termites create soil. Am image by researcher Eric Van Ranst

For scientists, the implications go beyond soil science. The biological design principles embedded in Ferralsols could inspire new directions in vernacular architecture, permaculture, and even regenerative land use. Termite mounds—known for their natural ventilation and climate regulation—have long fascinated architects. Now, this new research offers a soil-level perspective on bioengineering that’s been quietly evolving for tens of thousands of years.

Related: Dubai develops a museum for soil

“We must develop farming systems that work with these natural builders, not against them,” said Bruand. “The future of tropical agriculture may depend on whether we can protect these underground allies.”

Schematic representation of the cascading effect of termite bioturbation. Na⁺ is brought to the surface from belowground minerals. Termite biomass and biostructures constitute patches of Na⁺ at the landscape scale. Redistribution of Na⁺ by termites occurs directly by predation (hereby ants) and indirectly via the licking or consumption of termite soil by herbivores and the development of fungi with potential positive impacts on plants and as a feedback loop on herbivores. Recycling of Na⁺ by termites mostly occurs via the consumption of herbivores’ dung (© IRD—Cristal Ricoy Martinez)
Recycling of Na⁺ by termites mostly occurs via the consumption of herbivores’ dung ( IRD—Cristal Ricoy Martinez)

Designers and architects interested in sustainable land-based development can take cues from this research:

  • Leave vegetation corridors between cultivated fields to allow for recolonization of native insects.
  • Explore soil biomimicry by replicating termite-built structures in agricultural substrates.
  • Develop bio-inspired building materials that mimic the thermal and structural logic of insect habitats.

Policymakers, too, may begin using insect abundance as a new indicator of soil health. Researchers are already exploring rapid field tests to measure the “biological soil structure potential”—a kind of ecological fingerprint left by these ancient builders.

The message is clear: these insects have solved problems of drainage, drought, and compaction long before humans ever arrived. Protecting them isn’t just conservation—it’s smart design.

Why Is the Martian Night Sky So Bright? New NASA Video Sheds Light on the Red Planet’s Glow

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Martian night sky

Update: it’s been debunked as a fake.

A newly released NASA video captured by the Perseverance rover has sparked awe and curiosity: the Martian night sky, far from being pitch black, glows with an eerie brightness. The footage, taken from Jezero Crater, shows a surprisingly luminous Martian landscape illuminated under what seems to be a perpetual twilight.

So what’s behind this otherworldly glow?

 

The key lies in Martian dust. Unlike Earth, Mars has a thin atmosphere—just about 1% the density of ours—but it’s filled with ultra-fine particles of iron-rich dust that stay suspended in the air. These particles scatter sunlight long after sunset, creating a lingering glow in the sky. It’s similar to Earth’s twilight effect, but stretched much longer and redder due to the planet’s fine particulate matter and lack of moisture.

Related: Mars can teach Earth how to store carbon

Another factor is sunlight scattering at high altitudes. Even though the Sun sets on Mars just as it does on Earth, light continues to scatter off the high-altitude dust, keeping the sky bright for hours. This is why astronauts may one day be able to navigate or work during the “night” without artificial lighting—at least in the early evening.

Interestingly, the brightness also helps with scientific observations. The enhanced visibility aids in tracking passing meteors, dust devils, and even detecting faint clouds in the Martian atmosphere.

So while Mars might seem like a lifeless desert, its night sky proves it’s still very much a planet in motion—with light, dust, and mystery dancing above its rusty sands.

Elon Musk is preparing SpaceX to head to Mars. Would you like to see nigh skies like this?

 

You Won’t Believe Which Country Is Fueling Shark Product Trade in the Pacific

A bull shark jaw
A bull shark jaw by Josephine Lingard
When we think of the illegal wildlife trade, especially involving threatened marine species like sharks, most of us picture Southeast Asian markets in China where they eat shark fin soup, or global shipping ports. But new research suggests a surprising player in the trans-Pacific shark trade: Australia.
A study led by Josephine Lingard, a PhD candidate at the University of Adelaide’s School of Biological Sciences and Wildlife Crime Research Hub, reveals that both Australia and Aotearoa/New Zealand are not only destinations for shark products but also active nodes in the movement of shark-derived goods between regions. The research, published in Pacific Conservation Biology, used border seizure data from both countries to track the flow of shark fins, trophies, and meat — and Australia emerged as a significant point of origin.
Shark feeding time, Australia
Shark feeding time, Australia
“We did not expect Australia to be a dominant country of origin for seizures in Aotearoa/New Zealand,” said Lingard. “But the data showed otherwise.”
The shark products, often carried in personal luggage or by post, were likely intended for personal consumption, resale, or as trophies. While most fin products seized in Australia originated from Asia, preserved shark specimens were more commonly linked to the United States. In Aotearoa/New Zealand, however, Australia was the most common source of both passenger and mail seizures — an unexpected finding given that seizures in Australia had declined over time, while New Zealand’s numbers rose.
Several possible explanations emerge: New Zealand’s geographic proximity and flight connectivity to Australia may make it a natural transit route. Alternatively, shark products may be processed or purchased in Australia before being brought into New Zealand. It’s also possible that Australia is listed as the origin simply due to flight routing, not actual source of capture or processing.
The environmental stakes are high. Over one-third of all chondrichthyan species — a group that includes sharks and shark-like rays — are currently threatened with extinction. All of the threatened shark species are also considered overfished, adding further pressure to already strained ocean ecosystems. Many of these species are targeted for their fins, used in shark fin soup, a status-laden delicacy particularly popular in parts of Asia.
And while the global market for shark meat has steadily grown since the early 2000s, the legal trade in shark fins — when fins are landed attached to the body — has been declining. This suggests that illegal or unregulated trade may be filling the gap, often without proper species identification or monitoring.
Shark fin soup
Shark fin soup, highly controversial
Indeed, one of the study’s most troubling findings was the lack of transparency in the data. Fewer than 1% of the seizures contained species-specific information, making it almost impossible to assess the impact on endangered populations. Yet, of the species that were identified, 14 of 18 were listed under CITES, the global agreement regulating the international trade in endangered species.
“This lack of identification is consistent with wider problems in shark fisheries, where species are lumped together using generic trade codes,” Lingard explained. “It severely limits our ability to manage conservation efforts effectively.”
The researchers call for stronger enforcement, improved border monitoring, and especially better identification and recording of shark species in trade seizures. Without these steps, efforts to protect endangered sharks — and maintain marine ecosystem health — will remain compromised.

Scientists Crack the Code for Low-Cost, Low-Carbon Plastic Recycling

recycled materials, WE MAKE CARPETS, Taragalte Festival, Morocco, eco design, plastic carpet, bottle carpet
WE MAKE CARPETS, Taragalte Festival, Morocco

Recent studies in the US show that most plastics are never recycled. The numbers probably fare worse for other countries in the world. In a significant step forward for sustainable materials science, a new American study has unveiled a breakthrough in the enzymatic recycling of PET — the world’s most common plastic, used in everything from water bottles to food packaging and clothing fibers.

The process, developed by a coalition of U.S. and U.K. researchers, offers a cleaner, cheaper, and more circular approach to handling plastic waste, potentially tipping the balance in favor of large-scale, eco-friendly recycling. The work was led by scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), in collaboration with researchers from the University of Massachusetts Lowell and the University of Portsmouth in England.

The findings, published in Nature Chemical Engineering, focus on enzymatic depolymerization of PET — a technique that breaks plastic down into its building blocks, allowing it to be remade into new products. Historically, the process has been too expensive and chemically intensive to scale. But this new study that adds a new molecule as an enzyme to break down plastic offers a dramatic shift.

By switching out one key chemical — sodium hydroxide — for ammonium hydroxide, the researchers unlocked a self-regenerating loop that dramatically slashes both emissions and cost.

“Sometimes the answer is as simple as rethinking a single molecule,” said Professor Andrew Pickford, Director of the Centre for Enzyme Innovation at the University of Portsmouth. “With ammonium hydroxide, we created a process that nearly eliminates the need for fresh acid and base chemicals.”

The switch to ammonium hydroxide allowed for the formation of diammonium terephthalate, which can be broken down through thermolysis — a heat-based reaction — to regenerate ammonia and produce pure terephthalic acid, one of the core ingredients in PET. The base can then be reused, over and over again.

The impact of this adjustment is notable:

  • Chemical use drops by more than 99%
  • Operating costs fall by 74%
  • Energy use drops by 65%
  • Carbon emissions are cut nearly in half

Critically, the minimum selling price for recycled PET using this method is estimated at $1.51/kg — well below the $1.87/kg cost of virgin PET, making this one of the first economically viable enzymatic PET recycling systems to date.

The research also tackled pre-treatment steps to improve plastic breakdown. Techniques like extrusion and rapid quenching allowed for full depolymerization in 50 hours. Recovery of ethylene glycol, another PET building block, was improved through a process known as fed-batch concentration.

Dr. Gregg Beckham of NREL, co-lead of the study, said that these combined innovations mark a turning point.

“Enzymatic recycling has long shown promise for mixed and hard-to-recycle PET waste streams, but it hasn’t been practical — until now. By integrating innovations across chemistry, biology, and process engineering, we’ve demonstrated a scalable and cost-effective solution.”

The broader implications are significant. Unlike mechanical recycling, which is limited by contamination and material degradation, enzymatic recycling could handle a wide range of PET waste — including colored plastics, polyester fabrics, and thermoformed containers — that currently end up in landfill or incinerators.

Professor John McGeehan, another key contributor now based at NREL, said the focus is now on moving from lab-scale to real-world application: “It’s about closing the loop — not just in the chemical sense, but in the lifecycle of the material.”

PET (polyethylene terephthalate) is used in over 50 million tonnes of plastic products annually. Yet less than one-third is recycled. The vast majority is downcycled, burned, or buried — contributing to greenhouse gas emissions and global microplastic pollution. Changing that trajectory has become a priority for environmental scientists, regulators, and industry leaders alike.

This new process doesn’t solve plastic pollution on its own. But it does offer a crucial tool: a method of turning used plastic back into high-quality new material, without relying on fossil fuels.

While enzymatic recycling offers hope for managing existing plastic waste, scientists and environmental advocates agree it must be paired with the development of bio-based plastics—materials made from renewable biological sources like corn starch, sugarcane, or algae. Unlike conventional plastics derived from fossil fuels, bio-based alternatives can dramatically reduce carbon emissions at the production stage and are often compatible with closed-loop recycling.

TIPA and Wyld are teaming up to package legal edibles in home-compostable laminate and take steps to keep hard-to-recyclable, single-use flexible plastics out of the environment.
TIPA and Wyld are teaming up to package cannabis edibles in home-compostable laminate and take steps to keep hard-to-recyclable, single-use flexible plastics out of the environment. More should be done in this market.

Leaders in this bioplastics space include NatureWorks (known for its Ingeo PLA plastic made from corn), TotalEnergies Corbion (a joint venture producing bio-based PLA), Novamont (an Italian firm specializing in compostable bioplastics), Danimer Scientific (working on PHA-based plastics from canola oil), and BASF (which offers certified compostable bio-based polymers under the ecovio brand). Developing these alternatives alongside advanced recycling could create a more circular, low-impact future for plastic use.

Toxins in tiny bodies: American children are carrying invisible chemical burden

PLastics in kids
Toxins in toddler toys

A silent chemical assault is underway. A new nationwide study has revealed that children in the United States — especially toddlers aged two to four — are regularly exposed to dozens of industrial chemicals during their most vulnerable developmental years. Many of these chemicals are not even on the radar of public health monitoring systems.

The study, published in Environmental Science & Technology, tested urine samples from 201 young children as part of the NIH-supported Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) program. Researchers screened for 111 chemicals commonly found in household items, plastics, food packaging, cosmetics, and furniture.

Related: why glass is emitting more microplastics than plastic bottles

What they found is deeply unsettling: 96 chemicals were detected in at least five children. 48 were found in more than half. 34 were found in over 90% of the children — including 9 not tracked in national health databases like NHANES.

“These are not rare or accidental exposures,” said Deborah H. Bennett, the study’s lead author and professor of public health at UC Davis. “This is a daily, invisible flood of chemicals entering the bodies of children at a stage when their brains and immune systems are still forming.”

The Toxic Alphabet of Modern Childhood

chewing gum pieces, microplastics in gum, synthetic gum, natural gum, saliva with microplastics, plastic particles in saliva, chewing gum research, microplastic contamination, UCLA research on gum, microplastics released from gum, gum base made from plastic, plastic in everyday products, environmental impact of gum, lab research on chewing gum, microplastics from synthetic products, plastic pollution and health risks, people chewing gum with plastic particles
Dollar Store toys emit dangerous toxins. So does gum.

Phthalates and phthalate alternatives – Found in toys, food wrap, vinyl flooring, and shampoo

Parabens – Used in creams, cosmetics, and even medications

Bisphenols (BPA, BPS) – Found in plastic containers, canned food linings, and receipts

Benzophenones – Common in sunscreens and cosmetics

Pesticide residues, flame retardants, and combustion byproducts – Lurking in food, furniture, and air

Children are especially vulnerable. Their smaller bodies mean higher exposures per kilogram, and behaviors like crawling, mouthing toys, and touching floors mean they are constantly in contact with contaminated surfaces. In some cases, the children’s chemical loads were higher than their mothers’ levels during pregnancy, pointing to postnatal environmental sources — the home, the daycare, the playground.

Plastics and toxins in toddlers

Related: the problems of Dollar Store plastic

The data also revealed disturbing patterns: Chemical exposures were highest among younger toddlers and racial/ethnic minorities, reflecting systemic environmental injustice. While some older chemicals like triclosan and certain phthalates are decreasing (likely due to public pressure and reformulations), new unregulated substitutes like DINCH and emerging pesticides are on the rise.

Swapping out banned chemicals for understudied alternatives is what scientists call “regrettable substitution.” It’s regulation on a delay — and children are paying the price.

What Can Parents Do to Reduce the Toxic Burden?

Anthroposophic, Waldorf School toys by Bella Luna are made from wood and natural paint
Anthroposophic, Waldorf School toys by Bella Luna are made from wood and natural paint

While we can’t control every exposure, there are concrete steps caregivers can take:

Avoid plastics labeled #3, #6, and #7, which may contain bisphenols and phthalates

Buy “paraben-free” and “fragrance-free” personal care products. Buy or make your own food wraps from fabric scraps and beeswax. Package lunches and food in steel, not plastic containers.

The Homesteading Family makes beeswax wraps for sandwiches at school and play

Ventilate homes, dust with a damp cloth, and consider buying air cleaners with HEPA filters

Wash hands before meals, especially after outdoor play or contact with plastic items

Limit pesticide exposure — wash produce well and consider organic options when possible

A Call for Chemical Accountability

Ultimately, this is not just a parenting issue. It’s a policy failure. Most of the 40,000+ chemicals used in consumer products in the U.S. are poorly regulated, with minimal long-term health data.

As Green Prophet has reported before, environmental chemicals are linked to declining fertility, disrupted hormones, obesity, and neurodevelopmental disorders — all of which are now rising in childhood populations.

“This study should sound the alarm,” said Jiwon Oh, postdoctoral scholar and co-author of the study. “We urgently need better biomonitoring, stronger chemical safety laws, and corporate transparency. Our children shouldn’t be the test subjects for industrial shortcuts.”

This is a pivotal moment. Conscious parents and policymakers alike have the opportunity — and the obligation — to push for a healthier future. Because these chemicals aren’t just in the air or water — they’re in our children. And that makes this not just a science story, but a moral one.

A blood test to diagnose leukemia

Amos Tanay and Liran Shlush
Amos Tanay (left) and Liran Shlush

Cancer is a complicated disease. It’s not one but many, and as such leaves various bio-evidence behind after it starts wreaking havoc on our body. Some cancers, but not all, can be detected by a blood test. My dad’s cancer, when it started as prostate, was detectable in a PSA test, but only when the cancer had progressed to stage 4. By the time he had developed another type of cancer, liver cancer, it was not detectable in the blood. Doctors gave him tests, said the pain isn’t cancer, and we waited for an MRI to find muscle or bone damage. The MRI found the cancer.

But scans, biopsies, waiting for biomarkers for specific tests have risks. Waiting “too long” makes dealing with cancer harder. So an easier blood test that can find cancers such as leukemia in the blood would be a godsend. New research published in the prestigious journal Nature, reports on it. The test is on aging and there are a range of applications making it possibly part of an arsenal by blood biohackers looking to live forever.

Related: Is our diet feeding a cancer causing bacteria?

What if a blood test could reveal the pace of our aging – and the diseases that may lie ahead? The labs of Profs. Liran Shlush and Amos Tanay at the Weizmann Institute of Science have been conducting in-depth studies into the biology of blood to better understand the aging process and why some people become more susceptible to disease over the years.
Their research teams, made up of physicians, biologists and data scientists, have been tracking changes in the blood-forming stem cells, including the emergence of genetic changes in these cells in about one-third of people over the age of 40. These changes not only increase the risk of blood cancers such as leukemia, but have also been linked to heart disease, diabetes and other age-related conditions.
In a new study published this month in Nature Medicine Shlush and Tanay present findings that may lead to an innovative blood test for detecting a person’s risk of developing leukemia. This test may potentially replace the invasive, painful and invasive test of bone marrow sampling.
The study focused on myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), an age-related condition in which blood stem cells fail to properly mature into functional blood cells. Diagnosing MDS and assessing its severity is crucial, as it can lead to severe anemia and may progress to acute myeloid leukemia, one of the most common blood cancers in adults. Until now, diagnosis has relied on bone marrow sampling, a procedure that requires local anesthesia and can cause discomfort or pain.
The findings are already being tested in a large-scale clinical trial at several medical centers around the world
In the new study, a research team led by Dr. Nili Furer, Nimrod Rappoport and Oren Milman, in collaboration with physicians and researchers the scientists showed that rare blood stem cells – which occasionally exit the bone marrow and enter the bloodstream – carry diagnostic information about MDS.
The researchers demonstrated that with a simple blood test and advanced single-cell genetic sequencing, it is possible to identify early signs of the syndrome and even assess a person’s risk of developing blood cancer. Could this info spur a person to eat better, exercise more regularly and avoid cancer altogether?
The researchers also discovered that the migrating stem cells can serve as a clock for our chronological age, and that in males, their population changes earlier than in women in a way that increases the risk of cancer. This finding may explain the higher prevalence of blood cancers among men. The scientists believe that using the test to diagnose MDS and leukemia is only the beginning, and that in the future it could be applied to a range of other blood-related disorders. The current findings are already being tested in a large-scale clinical trial at several medical centers around the world.

Jeff Bezos’ climate change satellite goes dark, becomes space junk

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Methane Stat becomes space junk

Tracking dangerous methane gas, the Methanestat satellite seems to have lost power after 1.5 years into 5-year mission

A satellite designed to track one of the planet’s most potent greenhouse gases – methane – has gone dark, ending a pioneering mission led not by governments or corporations, but by a nonprofit. MethaneSAT, developed by the Environmental Defense Fund (EDF) and launched in March 2024, lost contact with Earth on June 20, 2025. Engineers have confirmed that the satellite has lost power and is likely unrecoverable.

“The advanced spectrometers developed specifically for MethaneSAT met or exceeded all expectations throughout the mission. In combination with the mission algorithms and software, we showed that the highly sensitive instrument could see total methane emissions, even at low levels, over wide areas,  including both large sources (super emitters) and the smaller ones that account for a large share of total methane emissions, which were not visible from space until MethaneSAT,” the group said in a statement.

The mission was intended to last at least five years and represented a bold step in climate monitoring. Funded in part by the Bezos Earth Fund and operated in partnership with Google and the government of New Zealand, MethaneSAT was among the first environmental satellites operated by a civil society group rather than a national space agency. Its primary aim was to locate and quantify methane emissions—many of which originate from oil and gas infrastructure—using advanced sensors and cloud-based mapping tools powered by Google Earth Engine.

Methane is a powerful greenhouse gas, estimated to be more than 80 times more potent than carbon dioxide over a 20-year period. While methane emissions are responsible for roughly 30% of current global warming, many leaks remain undetected or underreported.

MethaneSAT was designed to fill this gap, offering near real-time, independent data on where emissions originate and how large they are. During its 15 months of operation, MethaneSAT successfully mapped emissions from major oil and gas basins, including the Permian Basin in the United States and areas in Central Asia.

Its data—collected at higher resolution and over larger areas than many existing satellites—was made available to governments, scientists, and the public.EDF stated that while the satellite has ceased functioning, the data already collected will continue to be analyzed and published. In a public update, EDF noted that the engineering team is still investigating the cause of the failure, but all efforts to reestablish communication have so far failed.

“We learned this morning that the satellite has lost power, and that it is likely not recoverable,” the organization said in a statement.Despite the setback, EDF emphasized that the project had already achieved many of its scientific goals and had demonstrated the feasibility of nonprofit-led space missions. MethaneSAT’s development marked a shift in how environmental data is collected and shared. Unlike many state-run satellites whose data is restricted or delayed, MethaneSAT was created to provide rapid, open-access emissions data to encourage faster policy responses and regulatory action.

EDF has not confirmed whether it will pursue a replacement mission, but it has signaled that the broader goals of MethaneSAT will continue. Additional monitoring via aircraft and other technologies is expected to supplement the loss.

While the satellite’s operational life was shorter than hoped, its influence on climate science and accountability has already been significant. But it does point out potential problems when non-commercial NGO projects come to light. The power of investment and accountability may be a stronger driver for success. What do you think?

::Methanestat

Make Verdurette, Natural Vegetable Bouillon

make a natural vegetable stock recipe

Once you’ve got a jar of verdurette in the fridge, you’ll never buy vegetable broth again .

Verdurette is a home-made seasoning mix originating in France: an umami-rich mix of vegetables and herbs  ground together and preserved in salt. The salt, which is 20% of the blend, is a preservative. A similar preserved food is our Middle-Eastern salt-preserved lemons.

A teaspoon or two of verdurette adds great flavor and character to soups, grains, sauces, even scrambled eggs. It’s always there in the fridge and lasts a year, unless you use it up sooner.

Leda Meredith leading a foraging tour
Learning to recognize wild edibles with Leda

The late Leda Meredith confessed that she’d become lazy about making vegetable stock, because it’s so easy to stir a couple of teaspoons of the mix into hot water, simmer it 10 minutes, and voilà, broth. Or at least, a flavor base to go on from.

I often think of Leda when I dip a spoon into the verdurette jar, remembering her soft New York-accented voice and the flair she brought to all things culinary. I’m grateful to her memory for many life-enhancing things, and among them, this verdurette.

It’s easy to make this natural broth base yourself. Most or all of the ingredients are probably already lurking in your fridge and pantry. A food processor is the kitchen tool I recommend for making it; otherwise, be prepared to do some very fine chopping. I myself just feed everything into the food processor and let it whizz.

Verdurette consists of 5 parts:

1 part finely chopped alliums: onions, leeks, chives, shallots, garlic
1 part finely chopped root vegetables: carrots, celery root (celeriac), sweet potatoes – but not white potatoes, which discolor and go unpleasantly mushy, or turnips.
1 part finely chopped leafy greens: kale, spinach, nettles, cress, celery, lettuce, beet greens, etc.
1 part finely chopped aromatic herbs: parsley, thyme, oregano, sage, basil, etc.
1 part kosher or sea salt (non iodized)

Caution: go easy with strongly flavored ingredients like garlic, sage, cilantro and rosemary. Too much of any one may dominate the whole mix. Mild aromatic herbs such as thyme, marjoram, parsley and chives can be used freely.

Nothing from the cabbage family, including broccoli and cauliflower, should go into verdurette.

You may combine several kinds of the vegetable or herb in each category. For example, in the alliums part, use several of the ingredients listed above, or use just one: for example, only onions. If you’re like me, you’ll use whatever’s at hand in the kitchen. I like a complex mix, myself.

As long as you stick to the ratio of 1 part salt to 4 parts finely chopped vegetables and herbs, the verdurette will be fine.

How to Make Verdurette

You can make as little as a half cup of verdurette, using tablespoons to measure, and up to a gallon if you need to. But to make a reasonable first-time amount for ordinary cooking, go for 1-1/4 cup of verdurette. A digital scale helps, but cup measurements work too. The main thing is to keep the balance of 80% vegetables to 20% salt.

Finely chop or process each part before measuring. This might mean there will be surplus veg to use up some other way.

Measure 1/4 cup (40 grams)  of each pre-processed or chopped vegetable part. Note: Leafy greens should be packed in well when using cups. Altogether, there will be 1 cup mixed vegetables and herbs.

Add 1/4 cup (40 grams) non-iodized salt. 

Stir everything up thoroughly. Pour the slightly fluid mass into a clean glass jar.

verdurette
The last of my current batch.

Cover the jar and store it in the fridge. Now you have vegetable bouillon at hand whenever you need it.

You can start using your fresh batch right away. But you’ll notice that verdurette’s flavor becomes more complex as it continues to mature in the fridge.

You may also preserve one ingredient only, if you wish. Leda Meredith used to preserve a favorite wild edible, daylily flowers, this way.

Leda Meredith, urban forager
Leda Meredith, urban forager pioneer

How To Use Verdurette

When cooking with verdurette, leave out any other salt called for in the recipe.

* Add 2 teaspoons verdurette to a quart of water for a simple vegetable broth.
* Mix a little verdurette into marinade ingredients, for extra umami. Omit other salt in the marinade.
* Sauté verdurette in a little oil before adding the main ingredients for rice, soup, sauce, a braise, or stew. It goes wonderfully in a tomato-based pasta sauce. And in mushroom soup.  You get the idea.
* It’s fine to add more during the cooking, but a little at a time – verdurette is salty! Keep tasting, and stop adding verdurette when the flavor is right.
* Verdurette may be cautiously added to salad dressings, but let the mixed dressing sit 10 minutes for the vegetables to release their flavors and soften.

Top photo of green verdurette via  the garturstichfarm blog

 

Head-to-toe sustainable beach style

Image by Raygar He via Unsplash

Summer in the northern hemisphere, and this thalassophile is here for it—quite literally, as my location is coastal.

Heading seaside during the off-season has its own kind of charm, but there’s nothing quite like a quintessential, sun-soaked summer beach day—the kind that leaves you exhausted from the heat and exasperated with the sand but rejuvenates your soul for the days ahead.

Salt and sand in your hair, but you don’t care? Aggravating for your scalp, but otherwise not a big deal. Don’t care about prepping your beachcapades with earth-approved products? Houston—or in this case, Miami, Nice, Seychelles, etc.—we have a problem.

To refresh my beach bag this year, I curated a shortlist of eco-conscious companies that don’t skimp on style. By implementing green practices, they inspire consumers—and each other—to do better for themselves and the planet.

Embrace a sustainable summer by putting these brands on your vacay radar:

Skincare:

Earth Harbor

Founded by a professional herbalist and toxicologist, Earth Harbor is committed to using bio-based ingredients boosted by minerals and other nutrients in their bath and body goods, and recyclable and biodegradable materials in their packaging. Ocean inspiration flows through product names: “mermaid milk” moisturizer, “mystic waters” mist, “nymph nectar” facial balm, “sea kiss” lip balm, and many more.

Through Thrive Market, I’ve tried and loved some of these products at a discounted price, and once scored the “beach waves” hair texturizer as a gift with purchase. Visit the website!

Urban Hydration

The clean skincare products by Urban Hydration are widely accessible in the U.S., stocking shelves at more than 30,000 retail locations across the country, from pharmacies such as CVS to beauty-focused outlets such as Ulta. Many of their cleansers, moisturizers, creams and oils incorporate fruit extracts and other plant-based, natural ingredients, giving skin a taste of the tropics.

Try the algae line to “sea the glow” and target blemishes, or the aloe vera collection to soothe the beatings of the sun. Visit the website!

Swimwear:

Vitamin A Swim

As the first swimwear company to use recycled fibers, Vitamin A holds sustainability at its core. Expanding from nylon and polyester, their newest all-recycled material combines 80% ghost fishing nets with 20% spandex. Besides swimsuits, the brand offers a wide variety of other beachwear, such as sarongs, caftans, and loose-fitting trousers.

Collections heavily utilize organic and recycled cotton, high-quality flax linen, and TENCEL™, made from sustainably sourced wood fibers processed in a nontoxic organic solvent. Visit the website!

Rhyle Swim

These bathing suits are responsibly made in Brazil and live up to sexy bikini expectations. Designs are boldly cheeky yet subtly unique, with small cutout features and a range of textures. The details are thoughtful but not over the top, fashioning a girl-next-door vibe. Pieces are luxuriously soft, with a growing focus on using recycled fibers and minimizing textile waste.

And they are delivered in a reusable laundry bag, extending their longevity. Visit the website!

Image by Kelly Milone, author

Footwear:

Teva

Going strong after more than 40 years in business, Teva has become a household name in functional footwear. Founded by a Grand Canyon river guide, the company pioneered the modern sport sandal. Specializing in strappy architecture constructed with 100% recycled polyester, “Teva’s,” as the kids call them, provide secure grip, in and out of the water. Water conservation drives minimal packaging goals. Visit the website!

Fleks Footwear

Founded in 2024, Fleks Footwear boldly burst onto the market with a future-focused agenda, offering a curated collection of popular styles in ultra-comfortable, ultra-sustainable form. Slides (platform optional), flip-flops, double-strap sandals, and clogs are proudly made with 85% high-performance foam waste.

The remainder of materials are either salvaged or recycled, and no solvents are necessary. I picked up the East Beach Slide in Coconut Milk and, because I couldn’t resist another pair, which I mainly wear as house slippers, the San Ysidro Slide in Morning Coffee, featuring a fluffy shearling strap. Visit the website!

And there you have it: A handful of brands to help you look and feel your best as you head out to shore.

Add a sunhat—preferably made from raffia, wheat straw, or seagrass—and a pair of upcycled shades, and you’re golden! Just like the sun intended.

Embracing Slow and Sustainable Fashion through Your Eyewear Choices

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rows of glasses and eyewear in a shop

In light of fashion being responsible for nearly 20% of total global waste, industry players have become increasingly conscious of their resource consumption and overall environmental impact. This has also led to the rise of slow fashion, providing consumers with a more sustainable option for their apparel, footwear, and accessories. Embracing slow fashion also leads to multiple benefits beyond the consumer staying stylish while also saving storage space. These include less waste in landfills, reduced carbon emissions, and cleaner water. As more shoppers look to buy sunglasses that align with these values, eyewear brands are responding by focusing on durability, ethical sourcing, and environmentally responsible production.

For stylish eyewear that fits this slower, more responsible approach, check out www.neveneyewear.com. Their men’s polarized sunglasses are durable and are designed with a focus on both comfort and sustainability.

Among the segments in the broader fashion industry currently experiencing significant transformations toward sustainability and environmental commitment is eyewear. While eyewear is typically associated with single-use plastic waste from acetate frames and packaging, partnering with a responsible optical supplier and following the tips below can guide you through making more responsible and environmentally conscious choices for eyeglasses and sunglasses.

Among the segments in the broader fashion industry currently experiencing significant transformations toward sustainability and environmental commitment is eyewear. While eyewear is typically associated with single-use plastic waste from acetate frames and packaging, the following tips can guide you through making more responsible and environmentally conscious choices for eyeglasses and sunglasses.

Shop local

One of the most straightforward ways to reduce your carbon footprint when shopping for eyewear is to support local brands. Not only do you get the opportunity to uplift local craftsmanship and independent fashion designers, but you also ensure your eyewear is made of locally and responsibly sourced materials. For example, the Ottawa-based brand SKRP (pronounced “scrap”) prides itself on Canadian-made products, including skateboard sunglasses made of Canadian maple wood and recycled materials. These sunglasses are available in various stylish options, such as round, aviator, and Wayfarer style.

Look for recycled materials

Upcycled glasses vintage worn by man with mustache
Find your grandfather’s glasses for the best recycled look of slow glasses

Another way eyewear brands are committing to sustainable practices is by transforming their production processes and prioritizing recycled materials over traditional plastics like acetate. To illustrate, eyewear brand Jimmy Fairly has partnered with Reformation for a sustainable sunglasses collection that uses bio-acetate, a type of acetate made with plant-derived renewable materials like wood pulp. This capsule collection features a wide range of frame styles to suit varying tastes and preferences, from classic cat-eye Joan to statement-making Josephine with its oversized frames and contrast lenses. Meanwhile, eco-friendly brands are tapping into renewable materials like vegetal or oil-based resin for equally durable and sustainable eyewear lenses.

Consider packaging and delivery

Eco packaging

Besides the frames themselves, packaging and distribution processes in the eyewear supply chain can also create a significant amount of carbon emissions. So, while e-commerce can help you gain access to more affordable and sustainable options you may not find in your local area, it’s important to research responsibly before you buy sunglasses online and ensure that packaging materials and delivery options minimize environmental impact. In this case, a viable option would be Eyebuydirect, among the leading retailers in Canada offering sustainable in-house collections of glasses online. Such eyewear collections are made of bio-nylon, bio-acetate, wood, and recycled plastic bottles, but you can further reduce your carbon footprint through its eco-friendly storage cases and packaging materials. Eyebuydirect also partners with logistics providers using sustainable solutions for green shipping.

Opt for timeless styles

Lastly, nothing says slow and sustainable like shopping for frames that you can use for many years since they will never go out of style. So, instead of basing your frame choice on every short trend cycle, prioritize brands like Dutil Eyewear, whose stylish frames have been seen on A-list celebrities like Meryl Streep. With its core brand values being cleanliness, timeliness, and simplicity, the Canadian company showcases a curated selection of classic frame styles, such as Big Ben Sun, which are oversized sunglasses with a tortoiseshell pattern that can match any type of wardrobe.

If you enjoyed reading this, check out the rest of the articles here at Green Prophet for more news and resources on sustainable living.

 

 

Iran is sinking in sinkholes from overwatering

sinkhole in tehran

What’s that sinking feeling?

In Iran, the very ground under your feet may drop away.

The issue here isn’t war. The issue is land subsidence, a human-caused phenomenon that’s been ignored and mismanaged In Iran for decades. Over-pumping of groundwater is causing Iranian land to subside; that is, to sink.

Land subsidence causes damage like water pipes bursting, roads collapsing, and sewer and gas lines breaking. Houses and buildings crack as their foundations weaken. Iran is one of the most earthquake-prone countries in the world. With this land deformation, even a minor quake could cause catastrophic disaster.

The GFZ German Research Center for Geosciences in Potsdam used satellite data to reveal the extent of the subsidence. A tool known as Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar, which spots even the most minute difference in ground deformation, revealed that land around Imam Khomeini International Airport (IKIA) was sinking at around 5 centimeters per year. This is considered a “moderate” rate of land subsidence. According to Iran’s National Cartographic Center, other areas are sinking at the rate of 31 cm per year.

Land sinks slowly, almost invisibly. But now the effects of land subsidence are plain to see; especially when a hole in the earth opens up and swallows a whole car under your eyes. At risk are cities, historical sites, and crucial structures like Iran’s airport. In Tehran, Isfahan and Rafsajan, land has dropped by over 12 inches (30 cm) per year. It can’t be ignored anymore.

90% of Iranian groundwater is used for farming. Much is wasted through inefficient management, such as unmonitored drilling of deep wells to make up for reduced rainfall. 14.5 cubic meters of groundwater are pumped every second, an unsustainable rate of use. One way to reduce waste and water theft is to implement water metering.

One might think that innovative farming methods such as Saudi Arabia’s proposed hydroponic greenhouses might penetrate Iranian thought.

As for the largest urban center, 70% of Tehran’s water needs are supplied by five nearby dams. Now, according to current state media reports, the reservoirs are only 13 percent full.

Better management of water resources is needed, such as projects to reduce waste and recycle water; but corruption and plain official indifference impede it.

drought in Iran

Discussing water scarcity and air pollution in Tehran, the best that President Masoud Pezeshkian had to offer was a proposal to move Iran’s governmental hubs away.

“We have no choice but to move the country’s political and economic center closer to the sea,” he said.

In other words, no plan to manage water where the majority of people live: just moving government structures on to a better place.

Climate change and air pollution have roles in this sorry story too. Droughts plague Iran. In 2024, precipitation was 60% below average. Ice formed on mountains, which as snowmelt helps fill wells and aquifers, could help, except that it’s contaminated with pollution that rises from urban air.

Human population growth also strains water resources and distribution: the population of Tehran, for example, has exploded from 2 million to over 15 million in the last five decades. With a population of 90+ million, ignoring land subsidence and the reasons it happens could eventually lead to widespread disaster.

Photos via Tehran Times

 

Ecomondo 2025: Italy’s Green Expo Powers Global Circular Innovation

EcoMondo
Visit EcoMondo to invest in cleantech
Each November, a quiet city on Italy’s Adriatic coast becomes the epicenter of the world’s circular economy conversation. What began in 1997 as a local waste management trade show has grown into Ecomondo, a global forum for environmental innovation, resource regeneration, and ecological transition. Held at the Rimini Expo Centre, Ecomondo is no longer just an Italian event—it’s a Mediterranean-driven hub where policy, technology, and sustainability meet.
Italy has long been at the vanguard of eco-conscious thinking. It is the birthplace of the Slow Food movement, which began in the 1980s as a rebellion against fast food and industrial agriculture. That philosophy—of local, circular, low-impact systems—echoes through Ecomondo’s mission: to champion economic models that regenerate, rather than deplete, the Earth’s resources.
Rimini, with its proximity to agrarian and industrial regions, was the ideal starting point. Over the years, Ecomondo expanded from waste management to include water cycle innovation, bioenergy, soil restoration, blue economy initiatives, and entire sectors devoted to textiles, paper, and trenchless (no-dig) infrastructure.
Today, Ecomondo hosts over 1,500 exhibitors and tens of thousands of visitors from more than 90 countries. Its strength lies not only in showcasing technology, but in building partnerships. Italian companies collaborate with international delegations, forming real-time solutions for complex global challenges—from desertification in North Africa to methane recovery in the Balkans.
Ahead of its 2025 edition (4–7 November), Ecomondo is going on a three-stop international roadshow, hitting Cairo (July 8), Belgrade (Sept 9), and Warsaw (Sept 11). Each location reflects a different challenge—and opportunity—for circular growth.
In Egypt, with its goal of 42% renewable energy by 2035, water reuse, bioenergy in agriculture, and waste reform will dominate the conversation.
In Serbia, investments driven by EU pre-accession incentives are spurring projects in solar energy and resource efficiency.
In Poland, European funds are driving green infrastructure modernization—making the country a critical testbed for biogas, solar tech, and plastics recycling.
These meetings are not just diplomatic exchanges—they’re B2B matchmaking hubs, where Italian cleantech meets global demand. In 2024, over 400 meetings were brokered during similar events.
Israeli technology, especially in precision irrigation, desalination, wastewater reuse, and climate-smart agriculture, has made a strong showing in recent years. As countries across Europe and the Mediterranean face mounting water stress, Israel’s expertise in arid-zone farming and greywater recycling is increasingly sought after—especially in thematic areas like Blue Economy and Bioenergy & Agriculture.

What to Expect at Ecomondo 2025

The Rimini show will organize content into seven macro-areas, ranging from waste as a resource to regenerative bio-economy and environmental monitoring. A spotlight will shine on “Blue Economy” innovations that restore marine ecosystems, while special thematic districts will explore ethical textiles, circular cities, and trenchless infrastructure.
Startups and scale-ups will once again take the stage in the Innovation District, while the Lorenzo Cagnoni Award for Green Innovation will highlight breakthrough technologies. This year’s expanded Green Jobs & Skills hub also reflects a growing demand for talent in sustainability sectors.
On the academic and policy front, a robust conference program—curated by a Technical Scientific Committee—will analyze pressing themes like the Mattei Plan, green financing, and Africa’s ecological future.
In a time of global ecological stress—where waste piles up faster than we can recycle, and aquifers dry faster than we can recharge them—Ecomondo offers not just solutions, but systems. From Italy’s cultural legacy of resilience and regeneration to cutting-edge water tech and African decarbonization needs, Ecomondo bridges the worlds of policy, science, and entrepreneurship.

Colossal’s Veterinary Breakthrough: Pioneering Medical Care for De-Extinct Species

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Dire wolves and red wolves back from extinction?

When the world’s first de-extinct animals were born, they presented veterinary professionals with an unprecedented challenge: how do you provide medical care for species that haven’t existed for over 12,000 years? The dire wolf pups at Colossal Biosciences represent not just a scientific breakthrough, but a new frontier in veterinary medicine and animal husbandry.

The challenge begins with the basic question of what constitutes normal health and behavior for dire wolves. While extensive research exists on gray wolves, dire wolves possess unique genetic modifications that could affect their physiology, growth patterns, and medical needs. The veterinary team must establish baseline health parameters for animals that have no modern precedent.

“The dire wolf pups set the record for number of precise genetic edits in any living species,” Colossal noted. “The company performed a record 20 precise edits to the genome, all modifications derived from analysis of the dire wolf genome with 15 of those edits being the exact extinct variants.” This level of genetic modification requires careful monitoring to understand how the changes affect the animals’ health and development.

The pups already display distinctive dire wolf characteristics at young ages. Romulus and Remus, now about six months old, weigh approximately 80 pounds—significantly larger than typical wolf pups their age. Their thick white fur, broad heads, and hefty builds reflect their genetic heritage, but these traits also require specialized care protocols.

Dr. Matt James, Colossal’s Chief Animal Officer, brings crucial expertise to this challenge. With over 13 years of experience managing exotic animals at major zoos, including oversight of 7,000 animals across 500+ species, he understands the complexities of caring for unique animals. His background maintaining AZA accreditation standards ensures that the dire wolves receive care that meets the highest professional standards.

The facility includes a dedicated on-site veterinary clinic equipped specifically for large canid care. This immediate access to veterinary services allows for prompt response to any health concerns while minimizing stress on the animals. The clinic’s location within the preserve means that the wolves don’t need to be transported for routine care, reducing disruption to their daily routines.

Continuous health monitoring represents a crucial component of the care protocol. The veterinary team tracks physiological markers, growth patterns, and behavioral indicators to establish what constitutes normal development for dire wolves. This data not only ensures proper care but also provides valuable information for future de-extinction efforts.

The genetic modifications present both challenges and opportunities for veterinary care. While the 20 genetic edits were carefully selected to avoid known health problems, the team must monitor for unexpected interactions between modified genes and the broader wolf genome. This requires sophisticated genetic monitoring alongside traditional veterinary assessments.

Behavioral observations play an equally important role in health assessment. The dire wolf pups display markedly different behavior from domestic dogs or even typical wolf pups. They maintain distance from humans, flinching or retreating even from familiar caretakers, demonstrating true wild lupine instincts that may affect their response to veterinary procedures.

“Unlike domestic puppies, Romulus and Remus keep their distance from humans, flinching or retreating even from familiar caretakers, demonstrating true wild lupine instincts,” observers noted. This natural wariness requires veterinary protocols that minimize stress while ensuring thorough health assessments.

The care team has developed specialized protocols for routine procedures like vaccinations, health checks, and dental care. These protocols account for the wolves’ larger size, unique behavioral patterns, and the need to minimize human contact while ensuring comprehensive veterinary care.

Nutritional management presents another unique challenge. While dire wolves were hyper-carnivores in the wild, their precise dietary needs in captivity must be carefully balanced to support healthy growth without encouraging excessive size that could stress their skeletal and cardiovascular systems. The team has developed specialized feeding protocols based on wolf nutrition research but adapted for the dire wolves’ unique characteristics.

The veterinary team also collaborates with wildlife disease experts to ensure the dire wolves remain healthy while contributing to conservation science. Regular health screenings help identify any issues early while building a database of normal parameters for future reference.

Emergency care protocols have been established to address potential health crises. The on-site clinic is equipped with advanced diagnostic equipment and surgical capabilities, while relationships with specialized veterinary hospitals provide backup support for complex procedures if needed.

Perhaps most importantly, the veterinary team maintains detailed medical records that will inform future de-extinction efforts. Every health parameter, growth measurement, and behavioral observation contributes to a growing database of information about caring for genetically modified large carnivores.

The success of the dire wolf health management program has already informed care protocols for the red wolves born through the same technology platform. This knowledge transfer demonstrates how veterinary innovations developed for de-extinct species can benefit conservation efforts for living endangered species.

As the dire wolves continue to mature, they will undoubtedly present new veterinary challenges and opportunities. Their care represents a collaborative effort between veterinary medicine, conservation science, and genetic engineering—a model for addressing the complex health needs of animals created through emerging biotechnologies.

The veterinary team’s work with the dire wolves is writing the first chapters of a new field: medical care for de-extinct species. Their protocols, observations, and innovations will guide future efforts to bring back other extinct animals while ensuring the highest standards of animal welfare and scientific integrity.

Gut Healing Breakthrough: New Therapy Could Bring Lasting Relief to Crohn’s Sufferers

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With a growing number of people who suffer from gut issues and gluten intolerance, there is a a promising new therapy from Cedars-Sinai researchers is offering hope to people living with Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis—two painful, chronic gut conditions that affect millions worldwide. The treatment, when commercially available, may be able to stop Crohn’s and IBD, putting it into remission.
And while the treatment comes from a high-tech lab, its success taps into something we’ve long known: the gut holds deep secrets to health and healing.
In a Phase II clinical study, nearly half the patients treated with a new experimental drug called tulisokibart went into clinical remission—a major step forward for a disease that currently has no cure and only mixed results from existing medications. Published in well-known journal, The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology, the study shows that tulisokibart could help usher in a new era of precision gut medicine, with quicker, longer-lasting relief.
Tulisokibart is a monoclonal antibody therapy—a lab-engineered protein designed to block a specific target in the body. In this case, the target is TL1A, a molecule involved in driving inflammation and fibrosis (scar tissue buildup) in the digestive tract.
What makes this approach so innovative is that researchers at Cedars-Sinai, led by Dr. Dermot McGovern and Dr. Stephan Targan, spent years mapping the genetic and immune pathways that trigger inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Instead of treating the symptoms, they developed a treatment that tackles the root cause—chronic immune overreaction and gut scarring.
Better yet, they paired the drug with a diagnostic test that can help doctors predict who is most likely to benefit—bringing true personalized medicine into gut health care.
As researchers make progress with pharmaceutical solutions like tulisokibart, public interest in natural gut health is also exploding. Fermented foods, probiotics, and anti-inflammatory diets are no longer fringe trends—they’re part of a global movement to heal from the inside out.
One promising example: recent studies from China show that a SAM-producing probiotic (Lactobacillus helveticus CCFM1320), found in fermented foods like yogurt, Swiss cheese, and kefir, may improve sleep by restoring balance to the gut-brain connection. It’s all part of a growing body of research showing how gut bacteria influence immunity, mental health, and even hormone cycles.
While tulisokibart isn’t a probiotic, it speaks the same language: treat the gut with respect and precision, and the whole body can benefit.
Tulisokibart is still in the clinical trial stage. A larger Phase III trial is now underway to confirm its safety and long-term effectiveness. If results continue to be positive, an investments are made, it could be approved and available within a few years, depending on regulatory pathways at the FDA in the US.
For now, those living with Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis can stay hopeful. This therapy doesn’t just ease symptoms—it may reverse inflammation and prevent scarring, a long-sought goal in IBD care.

Probiotics from fermented foods can help you sleep

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Sandor Katz, sauerkraut
Simplifying everything, even the food you eat will make you healthier: Sandor Katz teaches the world about the health benefits of fermented food.

Our ancestors had wisdom we are quick to ignore when we eat industrialized, dead food. People from the not so distant past used to eat fermented foods with every meal, and they are called probiotics. Fermented foods are often sour, but are not pickled with vinegar, rather they ferment and age with the help of yeast and organisms in the air. A new Chinese study finds that fermented foods and eating them, can probably help you get a better night sleep.

Here is the news: a probiotic strain commonly found in fermented dairy products may hold the key to better sleep, according to a new peer-reviewed study published in Engineering. Scientists from Jiangnan University in China have identified Lactobacillus helveticus CCFM1320 as a potential therapy for insomnia and other circadian rhythm disorders.
In a series of lab experiments and animal trials, the team discovered that this specific bacterial strain produces high levels of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) — a naturally occurring compound known to play a role in mood, sleep regulation, and overall mental well-being. Researchers observed that insomnia patients had significantly lower levels of SAM in their blood, suggesting it could serve as a biomarker and therapeutic target for sleep disorders.
Using a mouse model of sleep deprivation, the probiotic CCFM1320 was shown to reverse behavioral symptoms such as hyperactivity, poor memory, and reduced exploration. It also influenced the production of melatonin, the body’s sleep hormone, by enhancing the methylation of N-acetylserotonin, a key step in its synthesis. Importantly, this process also restored the normal expression of circadian rhythm genes in the brain.
Lactobacillus helveticus is a lactic acid-producing bacterium naturally found in the human digestive tract and in fermented foods such as Swiss cheese, kefir, yogurt, and other cultured milk products. It belongs to the larger Lactobacillus genus, known for aiding digestion, boosting immunity, and suppressing harmful microbes.
Though L. helveticus has long been used in the dairy industry, it is increasingly studied for its therapeutic properties in probiotic supplements. The newly identified strain, CCFM1320, was singled out in a screening of 60 gut bacteria for its unusually high SAM production.
While the strain is not yet available in commercial supplements, the findings point to a growing recognition of the gut-brain axis — the complex communication network linking intestinal microbes and neurological function. With sleep disorders affecting millions globally and many pharmaceutical treatments showing limited success, scientists say probiotics like L. helveticus CCFM1320 could offer a safe, natural alternative in the near future.
The study underscores a broader shift in medical research: looking to the microbiome not only for digestive health, but for its potential in mental health, hormonal regulation, and now — better sleep.

Famous ferments from China

Chinese fermented foods have a rich history stretching back thousands of years, forming a core part of traditional diets and medicine. Staples like doubanjiang (fermented broad bean paste), douchi (fermented black soybeans), jiang (soy sauce-type pastes), fermented tofu, pickled vegetables, and rice wines such as Shaoxing wine are not only prized for their deep umami flavor but also valued for their digestive and health benefits.
These foods are teeming with beneficial microbes, including various Lactobacillus species, and have long been used in Chinese culture to support gut health, enhance nutrient absorption, and preserve seasonal produce without refrigeration.
Kfir

Other globally recognized probiotic-rich foods include kefir, tempeh, natto, kombucha, miso, kimchi, and sauerkraut, all of which support gut health through natural fermentation.

Want to start fermenting?

AI chatbots are sending you fake health news up to 90% of the time

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Chatbot for health advice
Are you using chatbots for health advice?

The disinformation included claims about vaccines causing autism, cancer-curing diets, HIV being airborne and 5G causing infertility

Trust your doctor, not a chatbot. That’s the stark lesson from a world-first study that demonstrates why we shouldn’t be taking health advice generated by artificial intelligence (AI). Chatbots like ChatGPT can easily be programmed to deliver false medical and health information, according to an international team of researchers who have exposed some concerning weaknesses in machine learning systems.

Researchers from the University of South Australia, Flinders University, Harvard Medical School, University College London, and the Warsaw University of Technology have combined their expertise to show just how easy it is to exploit AI systems.

In the study, published today in the Annals of Internal Medicine, researchers evaluated the five foundational and most advanced AI systems developed by OpenAI, Google, Anthropic, Meta and X Corp to determine whether they could be programmed to operate as health disinformation chatbots.

Using instructions available only to developers, the researchers programmed each AI system – designed to operate as chatbots when embedded in web pages – to produce incorrect responses to health queries and include fabricated references from highly reputable sources to sound more authoritative and credible.

The ‘chatbots’ were then asked a series of health-related questions.

According to UniSA researcher, Dr Natansh Modi, the results were disconcerting.

“In total, 88% of all responses were false,” Dr Modi says, “and yet they were presented with scientific terminology, a formal tone and fabricated references that made the information appear legitimate.

“The disinformation included claims about vaccines causing autism, cancer-curing diets, HIV being airborne and 5G causing infertility.”

Out of the five chatbots that were evaluated, four generated disinformation in 100% of their responses, while the fifth generated disinformation in 40% of its responses, showing some degree of robustness.

As part of the study, Dr Modi and his team also explored the OpenAI GPT Store, a publicly accessible platform that allows users to easily create and share customised ChatGPT apps, to assess the ease with which the public could create disinformation tools.

“We successfully created a disinformation chatbot prototype using the platform and we also identified existing public tools on the store that were actively producing health disinformation.

“Our study is the first to systematically demonstrate that leading AI systems can be converted into disinformation chatbots using developers’ tools, but also tools available to the public.”

Dr Modi says that these findings reveal a significant and previously under-explored risk in the health sector.

“Artificial intelligence is now deeply embedded in the way health information is accessed and delivered,” he says. “Millions of people are turning to AI tools for guidance on health-related questions. If these systems can be manipulated to covertly produce false or misleading advice then they can create a powerful new avenue for disinformation that is harder to detect, harder to regulate and more persuasive than anything seen before.

“This is not a future risk. It is already possible, and it is already happening.”

While the study has revealed deficiencies in these AI systems, Dr Modi says that the findings highlight a path forward, but it will require buy-in and collaboration from a range of stakeholders.

“Some models showed partial resistance,” he says, “which proves the point that effective safeguards are technically achievable.

“However, the current protections are inconsistent and insufficient. Developers, regulators and public health stakeholders must act decisively, and they must act now.

“Without immediate action, these systems could be exploited by malicious actors to manipulate public health discourse at scale, particularly during crises such as pandemics or vaccine campaigns.”

SpaceX and SETI Partner to Protect Alien-Hunting Telescopes—But What About the Rest of the Sky?

The Allen Telescope Array (ATA), operated by the SETI Institute
The Allen Telescope Array (ATA), operated by the SETI Institute

New agreement aims to shield radio astronomy from satellite interference, but the night sky faces growing threats.

As Starlink satellites crisscross our skies bringing internet to the most remote corners of Earth, they may also be interfering with humanity’s deepest question: Are we alone in the universe? In a quiet patch of Northern California, tucked away in Shasta County, a group of scientists has been listening.
The Allen Telescope Array (ATA), operated by the SETI Institute, is one of the few observatories in the world designed specifically to detect potential extraterrestrial signals—radio whispers from distant civilizations or unexplained cosmic bursts. But lately, it’s not aliens interrupting the feed. It’s us.
spacex starlink from space, satellite
SpaceX has deployed satellites to run Starlink
With over 6,000 Starlink satellites now in low Earth orbit—and more coming from Amazon, OneWeb, China, and others—radio astronomers are sounding the alarm. These satellites emit powerful radio signals, including new “direct-to-cell” transmissions, that can momentarily drown out the sensitive receivers on Earth-based telescopes. One passing satellite in the wrong place at the wrong time can effectively blind a telescope for several seconds—an eternity when hunting rare cosmic phenomena.
To address this, SpaceX and the SETI Institute announced this month a new partnership aimed at reducing interference at the ATA. Through real-time coordination and mitigation software, the system can now predict when a satellite will pass directly overhead and temporarily adjust operations to reduce “signal saturation”—a form of electronic overload that renders astronomical data useless.
“The SETI Institute is at the forefront of developing solutions that allow for the continued exploration of the cosmos while accommodating the rapid evolution of satellite communications,” said Dr. David DeBoer, a researcher at the ATA. “Our collaboration with SpaceX is an important step in demonstrating that scientific discovery and technological progress can go hand in hand with the right coordination.”

The Bigger Picture: Space Junk and a Dimming Night Sky

While this partnership is a positive step, it’s just one piece of a much larger puzzle. The skies above Earth are becoming a crowded, chaotic place. According to the European Space Agency, over 36,000 tracked objects now orbit the Earth, with tens of thousands more fragments too small to monitor. Space junk poses risks not only to telescopes but to functioning satellites, spacecraft, and astronauts aboard the ISS.
space junk debris
Space junk
And then there’s light pollution. The reflectivity of satellite surfaces causes sunlight to bounce back to Earth, creating bright streaks that interfere with optical astronomy—those majestic telescope images of galaxies, nebulae, and supernovae. Night sky advocates argue that the Milky Way, once visible to 99% of humanity, is now obscured for more than a third of the world’s population.
“It’s not just about data—it’s about cultural heritage,” says one astronomer in a 2024 report from the International Astronomical Union. “The night sky belongs to all of us.”
Some solutions are already in motion. Astronomers are exploring “radio dynamic zones,” where frequency use is coordinated in real time between scientific and commercial entities. SETI and others are pushing for international frameworks to designate quiet zones—like nature reserves, but for space.
SpaceX has taken steps to address concerns, including darker satellite coatings and directional signal shielding. But critics argue that without enforceable global standards, voluntary measures may not go far enough. Meanwhile, scientists at SETI and other institutions continue developing tools to protect the last wild frontier: the cosmic spectrum.
At Green Prophet, we celebrate innovation that connects us—especially in underserved regions—but we also believe that connectivity should not come at the cost of curiosity, culture, or the planet. The SETI–SpaceX collaboration is promising, but it raises a deeper question: As we race to digitize every corner of Earth, can we still leave room to listen to the stars?
Support organizations like the SETI Institute, the Dark Sky Association, and open-source astronomy efforts that fight for ethical, sustainable access to the cosmos.

Why Your AC Might Be Struggling—And What You Can Do About It

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hvac water
HVAC systems release water in the summer. Not the safest for your pet to drink, but okay if you top it up with mineral-containing water.
As heat waves push temperatures well into the triple digits across much of the U.S., homeowners are flooding HVAC companies with the same urgent question: Why isn’t my AC keeping up?
The answer, more often than not, isn’t a broken unit—it’s everyday issues that are easy to overlook but simple to fix. In most cases, there’s no need to panic or prepare for a major system replacement. With a few quick checks, many cooling issues can be solved without calling in the pros.
Here are five common culprits behind weak AC performance—and what you can do to stay cool during the hottest days of the year.

5 Ways to Help Your AC Beat the Heat

hack home air conditioner

1. Replace the air filter.
A dirty or clogged filter is one of the top reasons for poor airflow. It makes your system work harder and can reduce cooling efficiency dramatically. If it’s been more than a month or two, it’s time for a change.
2. Block out the sun.
Open windows and direct sunlight can quickly turn your living space into an oven. Keep blinds or curtains closed, especially on windows that face south or west, to reduce heat gain during peak hours.
3. Time your appliance use.
Using ovens, dryers, or even dishwashers during the day adds unnecessary heat indoors. Shift cooking and laundry to early morning or evening hours when outside temperatures are cooler.
4. Maximize air movement.
Ceiling and standing fans won’t lower the room temperature, but they can make you feel cooler by improving air circulation. Use fans strategically to create a wind-chill effect and take some pressure off your AC.
5. Inspect the outdoor unit.
Your AC’s condenser sits outside, often exposed to leaves, dust, and debris. If airflow around the unit is blocked, it can’t expel heat effectively, which reduces performance. Clearing away plants or cleaning the coils can help restore function quickly.
If your system is blowing warm air, leaking water, turning on and off frequently, or showing any kind of warning light or code—it’s best to get a technician involved. Ignoring these signs can lead to more serious (and expensive) damage down the line.
A new wave of global HVAC manufacturers is gaining traction in the U.S., offering compact, energy-efficient systems with smart controls and streamlined installation. Still, longtime market leaders like Trane, Mitsubishi Electric, and Daikin remain strong contenders, each offering advanced systems designed to handle extreme heat while keeping energy costs in check.
We’ve seen portable units on sale in hardware stores such as Best Buy; they might be best for renters so you can take your unit between homes. The problem is storing them in the winter.

A Fox Rescuer’s Final Battle: Remembering Mikayla Raines of Save A Fox

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Save a Fox, Mikayla Raines
Save a Fox, Mikayla Raines

The animal rescue world is mourning the tragic loss of Mikayla Raines, founder and executive director of Save A Fox Rescue, who died recently after what her friends and colleagues described as a lifelong struggle with mental illness. She committed suicide after experiencing online harassment. Her passing has left a powerful legacy—and painful questions—rippling through the fox rescue and wildlife rehabilitation communities.

Raines was best known for building Save A Fox, a Minnesota-based sanctuary that became a viral beacon for animal lovers, educating millions through social media about the plight of domestic foxes bred in captivity for the fur industry. With her gentle demeanor, deep knowledge of animal behavior, and charismatic interactions with rescued foxes like Dixie, Finnegan, and Vixie, Mikayla had a gift for storytelling that brought attention to one of the fur industry’s darkest corners.

In 2023, Raines was given an extraordinary opportunity: to shut down a fur farm and rehome 500 foxes. The farmer agreed to give her the animals for free if she purchased the cages, allowing him to offload his investment. For Mikayla, whose life mission was to dismantle the fur trade one fox at a time, this was a chance to deliver a knockout blow.

But even the most passionate rescuer cannot conjure up resources overnight. Despite successfully rehoming hundreds of foxes—many to zoos and licensed sanctuaries—Mikayla was left with dozens more in her care, without the funds or space to properly house them all.

The backlash was swift. Critics questioned the ethics of “buying” foxes from fur farms. Some accused her of hoarding. Rumors and harassment followed her online and, tragically, offline too. Yet those close to her insist her intentions were never in doubt.

Save a Fox, Mikayla Raines
Save a Fox, Mikayla Raines

“There isn’t a rescuer on this planet who has never made an impulsive decision in a desperate attempt to save lives,” wrote Juniper Russo, Executive Director, For Fox Sake Wildlife Rescue.

Russo wrote. “But I failed Mikayla in my own way… I thought that the criticism and harassment she faced were rolling off her back.”

Like the stresses in veterinary medicine, mental illness, especially in the animal rescue community, remains a quiet epidemic. Emotional burnout, financial stress, and constant exposure to animal suffering are compounded by public scrutiny and, increasingly, online abuse.

“Mikayla passed away in the manner that so many rescuers do,” Russo wrote, “losing a lifelong battle with mental illness.”

One of the people who harassed Mikayla online was a known convicted animal abuser, Russo claims. “When documented animal abusers become your enemy, it’s a sign you’re doing things right,” she wrote, urging the public to verify claims before piling onto people who are already operating on the edge.

Mikayla’s husband Ethan, who worked closely with her at Save A Fox, released a moving video tribute (shared in the comments of Save A Fox’s official page). In it, he celebrates her strength, compassion, and tireless work for the animals she loved. He now faces the challenge of continuing her legacy.

To those who only knew Mikayla through her videos—cuddling a fox, dancing in the snow, bottle-feeding kits—her loss feels deeply personal. Her videos weren’t just adorable distractions: they were calls to conscience.

Donations to Save A Fox can still be made at www.saveafox.org, where Ethan and the team continue to care for the animals Mikayla left behind. And for those in the rescue community or anyone silently struggling with their mental health, Russo offers this reminder:

“Suicidal ideation is a medical symptom and a medical emergency. I am not at all ashamed to say that I have had to be hospitalized for my depression… It saved my life and it can save yours too. Please call 988 or 911 if you are in danger.”

Mikayla Raines dreamed of a world without fur farms and fought every day to get us closer to it. She didn’t just rescue foxes. She taught the world to see them—and maybe, to see each other—with more compassion.

Her legacy will not be defined by her last day, but by the thousands of lives she touched, tails she saved, and hearts she helped awaken. May we honor her by continuing the work, speaking up for the voiceless, and being gentler with the living.

Glass Bottles May Contain More Microplastics Than Plastic or Cans, New French Study Finds

More microplastics from glass bottles than plastic ones, in France
And they’re not just in your drinks: microplastics are showing up in your toothbrush, teeth aligners, and even chewing gum

In a surprising twist for consumers aiming to avoid plastic pollution and plastic bottles, a new French study has revealed that drinks stored in glass bottles contain even more microplastics than those in plastic bottles, cartons, or cans. Conducted by the Boulogne-sur-Mer unit of the ANSES Laboratory for Food Safety, the research points to a previously overlooked source of microplastics: the painted caps of glass bottles.

The study, published in the Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, looked at microplastic contamination in drinks such as water, soda, iced tea, wine, and beer, and examined how different packaging materials might influence contamination levels. Across the board, glass bottles were found to contain more microplastics, with popular beverages like cola and beer showing an average of 100 microplastic particles per litre—five to 50 times higher than in plastic bottles or cans.

“We were expecting the opposite result when we compared the level of microplastics in different drinks sold in France,” said Iseline Chaïb, PhD student in the Aquatic Food Safety Unit (SANAQUA, Boulogne-sur-Mer site), ANSES Laboratory for Food Safety.

“We then noticed that in the glass, the particles emerging from the samples were the same shape, colour and polymer composition – so therefore the same plastic – as the paint on the outside of the caps that seal the glass bottles,” she said.

bottles caps rub against each other and create more microplastics in glass bottles

Despite growing concern over microplastic exposure, toxicological reference data is still lacking, making it difficult to assess the exact health risks associated with the levels found. Some early studies find effects in the liver.

Entrepreneurs Solve This: Paint on Bottle Caps

The researchers traced the contamination to painted metal caps which contain a plastic coating on the interior. Microplastics discovered in the drinks matched the color and chemical makeup of the paint coating the caps. Microscopic scratches—likely caused by friction among the caps and their edges during storage—were identified as the mechanism for particle release.

To explore prevention, the scientists tested various cleaning methods: “We studied three scenarios,” explains Chaïb. “We cleaned the bottles and filled them with filtered water so that no microplastics could be detected, then we placed caps on the bottles without treating the caps, after blowing on the caps with an air bomb, or after blowing air and rinsing the caps with filtered water and alcohol.”

Results showed:

  • 287 particles per litre in bottles with uncleaned caps

  • 106 particles per litre after air was blown on the caps

  • 87 particles per litre when blowing was followed by rinsing

The researchers suggest simple steps in cap preparation or redesigning paint compositions could significantly reduce contamination. Until the problems are solved are we back to drinking from springs and filtering our own water at home?

The Hidden Microplastics in Your Mouth

chewing gum pieces, microplastics in gum, synthetic gum, natural gum, saliva with microplastics, plastic particles in saliva, chewing gum research, microplastic contamination, UCLA research on gum, microplastics released from gum, gum base made from plastic, plastic in everyday products, environmental impact of gum, lab research on chewing gum, microplastics from synthetic products, plastic pollution and health risks, people chewing gum with plastic particles

While microplastics in beverages are alarming, the problem goes beyond the bottle. Reports by Green Prophet have highlighted growing evidence that common dental and hygiene products are also sources of daily microplastic exposure:

  • Teeth aligners and retainers made from thermoplastics can shed microplastics through wear, particularly in hot liquids or during overnight use. A 2024 study reviewed by Green Prophet warned that long-term exposure to heated plastics in the mouth may leach hormone-disrupting chemicals.

  • Chewing gum, often made from synthetic rubber (a plastic polymer), can release microscopic plastic particles with every chew. Unlike traditional chicle gum, modern brands contain industrial polymers that may degrade in the mouth, though few regulations require manufacturers to disclose them.

  • Toothbrushes, especially nylon-bristle varieties, can fray and break down over time. According to a Green Prophet special report, worn toothbrushes can shed fibers directly into the mouth, where they may be swallowed or absorbed into oral tissues. Advice? Use a miswak?

These microplastics don’t simply pass through the body. Emerging research shows that particles smaller than 5 microns can cross cellular membranes and may accumulate in the bloodstream, lungs, or even the brain.

Glass Isn’t Always Greener

Even beverages like wine and bottled water—often seen as “cleaner” when packaged in glass—showed measurable microplastic contamination. Water in glass bottles had 4.5 particles per litre, compared to 1.6 in plastic bottles and cartons. Wine sealed with corks contained minimal microplastics.

The findings from ANSES suggest that glass bottle manufacturers can—and should—take swift action, particularly by rethinking the materials and handling of their bottle caps. Some companies such as Tipa and Balena are already leading the way in developing bio-plastics. The problem with plastics is not in dry packaging but in wet ones, such as liquids in bottles. Bio-plastics do and are meant to decompose over time, presenting a challenge in the bottling industry.

For consumers trying to reduce their exposure to microplastics, choosing glass may not be a guaranteed safeguard. And while the health risks are still under study, the evidence is mounting that microplastic exposure is not just a planetary issue—it’s a personal one.

Costa Rica in Central America has blood on its wires

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Sloths in costarica, booking an all inclusive holiday in Costa Rica? look out for sloths.
Booking an all inclusive holiday in Costa Rica? look out for sloths falling from power lines

Shocking deaths of howler monkeys and sloths in nature paradise

In Costa Rica, a country globally celebrated for its lush biodiversity and eco-tourism, a darker reality lurks in the canopy: the quiet, gruesome deaths of thousands of wild animals by electrocution. Sloths, howler monkeys, anteaters—icons of the rainforest and the tourism industry alike—are being burned alive on uninsulated power lines.

A new national campaign, bluntly titled “This Is NOT Pura Vida,” is now challenging Costa Rica’s green image and demanding that the government fulfill promises made to protect its wildlife. Launched by International Animal Rescue (IAR) Costa Rica, the campaign is urging the immediate implementation of Executive Decree No. 44329—a legal framework passed in early 2024 but largely ignored since.

Related: Costa Rican all inclusive vacationers taking selfies and damage turtle nesting sites

“In Nosara alone, nearly 100 animals were electrocuted in just one year,” said Gabriela Campos, Director of IAR Costa Rica. “These aren’t rare accidents—they’re evidence of a national crisis in conservation.”

Many of Costa Rica’s arboreal animals, such as sloths and monkeys, use tree canopies to move through the forest. But as development fragments their habitats, they are increasingly forced to use power lines to bridge gaps—lines that are often uninsulated and deadly. The consequences are horrific.

According to the Jaguar Rescue Center, 53 electrocuted animals were brought in during the first part of 2024. Most of them died. Survivors often suffer internal burns, open wounds, and, in the best cases, require amputations or lifelong sanctuary care.

“The injuries are catastrophic and deeply painful,” said Dr. Francisco Sánchez, IAR’s veterinary director. “For many, euthanasia is the only humane option.”

Electrocution is not just an individual tragedy—it’s a blow to entire species. In howler monkey troops, for example, the death of a dominant male can lead to the infanticide of all his offspring by incoming rivals, compounding the toll. Costa Rica has long branded itself as a model of sustainability. But conservationists say this crisis contradicts its international reputation.

Related: want to start a commune like Pacha Mama in Costa Rica?

tourists trample sea turtle nests
Turtle nesting sites over-run by curious tourists

“Allowing animals to burn to death on outdated, unsafe power lines is the opposite of ‘Pura Vida,’” said Gavin Bruce, CEO of IAR. “The government has the tools. What’s missing is political will.”

The campaign points to Executive Decree 44329, which was passed in 2024 to mandate wildlife protection measures in electrical infrastructure. The decree requires coordination between various agencies—MINAE, SINAC, ICE, CNFL, and municipalities—but over a year later, implementation is practically nonexistent.

Key reasons behind the ongoing electrocutions include:

  • Rapid, unregulated development without wildlife corridors
  • Outdated or uninsulated power lines near forests and towns
  • Lack of Environmental Impact Assessments for electrical projects
  • Poor enforcement of existing laws and no accountability
  • Patchy or nonexistent mitigation efforts in known hot-spots

Despite Costa Rica’s silence, international voices are amplifying the alarm. IAR and its supporters are collecting signatures through the This Is NOT Pura Vida campaign website, calling on Costa Rican authorities to fully enforce Decree 44329 and insulate dangerous lines.

“This is not just a Costa Rican problem—it’s a global conservation emergency,” says Bruce. “We can’t let bureaucracy become a death sentence for sloths and monkeys.”

Thousands of signatures are needed to pressure power companies and policymakers. Signing the petition takes less than a minute—and could help save a species. Want to help? Visit https://www.estonoespuravida.org/english and sign the petition today. Because watching wildlife suffer in silence is not Pura Vida.

Arab agricultural land is on the brink

Saudi Arabia is home to desert truffles.
Truffle hunting in the deserts of Saudi Arabia

A new study by the UN’s Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) paints a stark picture of agricultural land degradation, particularly in the Arab region. More than 46 million hectares—nearly two-thirds of all land suffering human-induced damage in the region—are now at risk. The findings, published in Agriculture (MDPI), stress the urgent need to restore degraded land to safeguard food supplies, especially where climate pressures are mounting.

The Arab Spring started because of the price of bread and the lack of water resources to grow food. The civil war in Syria began for the same reasons. As the Arab world gets drier, conflicts in countries such as Iraq, Afghanistan, Iran and Pakistan will only get more intense.

Globally, an estimated 1.66 billion hectares of land have been degraded by human activities such as deforestation, overgrazing, mismanaged irrigation, and heavy chemical use. Over 60 percent of that damage falls on croplands and pastures—the soils that feed 95 percent of the world’s population. If allowed to worsen, degradation could undercut entire agrifood systems and the communities that depend on them.

Related: this greenhouse technology grows food on salty aquifers 

Across the Arab world, croplands face a perfect storm of stressors. Excessive fertilizers and pesticides erode soil ecology. Poor drainage and over-irrigation drive salinization, leaving fields crusted with salt. Rising temperatures, dwindling groundwater, and more frequent sand-and-dust storms—all amplified by climate change—compound the crisis. These are unmistakably human-driven pressures, and they are accelerating. Consider that Morocco lost half its wheat last year from drought. How many more migrants and climate refugees from the Middle East and North Africa can Europe accept? The solution is to help.

Less than 4 percent of degraded land in the Arab region is currently earmarked for restoration. FAO analysts calculate that rehabilitating 26 million hectares of worn-out cropland could trim yield gaps by as much as 50 percent for oil crops and lift cereals, roots, and tubers toward their full potential—a direct boost to local food security and rural incomes.

The study urges governments, farmers, investors, and researchers to adopt integrated soil, water, and land-management strategies designed to stop further degradation and rebuild fertility. Rather than relying on one-off projects, it recommends coordinated regional programs that share data, finance, and know-how—tailored to the diverse ecological zones from Morocco’s Atlantic coast to Iraq’s river valleys. Israel has water technologies from water companies such as Netafim to help rip irrigation deliver more drops per crop.

Momentum is growing. Recent ministerial meetings in Riyadh committed to ambitious restoration targets, and the UN’s FAO-backed NENA Regional Investment Framework for Ecosystem Restoration is lining up “champion countries” to pilot scalable projects. Innovative tools such as the Suitability Crop Platform—an open database of soil profiles, climate metrics, and crop requirements—are making it easier for farmers and planners to match the right crops to recovering lands.

See this museum of Middle East soil in the UAE

Soil bank in the UAE
A soil bank in the UAE

Healthy soils do more than grow food. They store carbon, regulate water, and support biodiversity—services that underpin every other climate-adaptation effort. By restoring degraded fields, countries in the Arab region can build jobs, reduce rural poverty, and bolster resilience against heat and drought. The lesson is clear: investing in the ground beneath our feet is the fastest way to secure food sovereignty in a hotter, drier future.

Mars found a way to store carbon. Can we?

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Mars
What we can learn from Mars about climate change

Mars, the dusty red planet that once held our wildest dreams of alien life, is revealing its past—and perhaps a glimpse of Earth’s future. Today it’s a frozen desert, with no breathable atmosphere and no surface water in sight. But new findings from NASA’s Curiosity Rover suggest Mars was once warm, wet, and much more Earth-like—possibly with rivers, rainfall, and lakes.

The key? A humble mineral called siderite, a type of iron carbonate that’s helping scientists piece together how Mars may have once locked away its carbon—and lost its atmosphere in the process.

Related: This Dune suit could keep us alive on Mars

In a recent SETI Live conversation, Dr. Ben Tutolo, a geochemist at the University of Calgary and a science team member on the Curiosity mission, shared the breakthrough. While analyzing rocks inside Gale Crater, Curiosity detected up to 10.5% siderite in some layers of Mount Sharp—far more than expected.

This wasn’t just a geochemical oddity. It was evidence that Mars once had abundant CO₂, likely released by volcanoes, which dissolved in ancient waters and was then mineralized into rock. That’s the same basic carbon capture strategy we’re exploring here on Earth today to combat climate change—except Mars figured it out a few billion years earlier.

Carbon Capture on a Planetary Scale—Then Collapse

On Earth, carbon gets locked up in limestone—made of calcium carbonate. On iron-rich Mars, siderite takes that role. Its presence, alongside evaporite minerals like magnesium sulfate, suggests a long phase of evaporation, meaning Mars had standing water. For that to happen, the atmosphere had to be thick—at least 1,000 times denser than it is today, rich in CO₂.

Related: rogue geo-engineers chased by the EPA for injecting sulphur into the atmosphere

But something happened: the atmosphere thinned, water disappeared, and the climate collapsed. Where did the CO₂ go? Some was lost to space, but this discovery shows that much of it was mineralized into the Martian crust.

The lesson is sobering. On Earth, we’re now injecting carbon into the atmosphere faster than the planet can absorb it. Mars shows us what can happen when a planet’s carbon cycle gets thrown off balance—even slightly—over geological timescales. A world once capable of supporting liquid water became uninhabitable. This is more than a Martian mystery; it’s a cautionary tale. If Mars could lose its habitability after capturing its carbon, what could happen to Earth if we fail to?

Related: dealing with gravity on Mars

The next steps will involve returning samples from these siderite-rich layers to Earth, possibly offering clues not just to climate, but to life. If Mars held onto water for long enough, it might have also given life a fighting chance. And if a “dead” planet like Mars once supported a warm, wet climate, then our definition of what makes a world habitable—whether in our solar system or beyond—may need a radical rethink. Maybe Elon Musk will get there soon with SpaceX and report back to earth before it’s too late. The United Arab Emirates plans on joining Musk on Mars.

Whale watching tours find whales talking to people with strange bubble rings

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This bubble ring was captured on video in 1988 in the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary in Massachusetts. (© Dan Knaub, The Video Company)
This bubble ring was captured on video in 1988 in the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary in Massachusetts. (© Dan Knaub, The Video Company)

Could bubble rings be the cetacean equivalent of a wave and a smile?

A new study suggests that humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) might be trying to communicate with humans –- or aliens? –– through a behavior that’s both beautiful and baffling: perfectly circular bubble rings, deliberately blown near boats and swimmers. The finding comes from researchers at WhaleSETI, a project inspired by the search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI), only this time, the “aliens” are right here in our oceans.

In 12 documented encounters across the globe, individual humpbacks were observed creating bubble rings only in the presence of humans—never when monitored by drones or distant cameras. These were not the messy bursts of bubble-net feeding, but rather tight, precise rings—deliberate and controlled.

“We’ve now located a dozen whales from populations around the world, the majority of which have voluntarily approached boats and swimmers blowing bubble rings,” said marine wildlife photographer and study co-author Jodi Frediani.

Composite image of at least one bubble ring from each episode. Photo attributions: (a) D. Knaub, (b) F. Nicklen, (c) D. Perrine, (d) W. Davis, (e) G. Flipse, (f) A. Henry, (g) M. Gaughan, (h) H. Romanchik, (i) D. Patton, (j) D. Perrine, (k) S. Istrup, (l) S. Hilbourne.
Composite image of at least one bubble ring from each episode. Photo attributions: (a) D. Knaub, (b) F. Nicklen, (c) D. Perrine, (d) W. Davis, (e) G. Flipse, (f) A. Henry, (g) M. Gaughan, (h) H. Romanchik, (i) D. Patton, (j) D. Perrine, (k) S. Istrup, (l) S. Hilbourne.

In other words: they saw us, they swam toward us, and they made bubbles—in what can only be described as a strangely charming act of interspecies improv.

The WhaleSETI project, headed by scientists with backgrounds in linguistics, animal behavior, and astrobiology, aims to study non-human intelligence with the same tools we use to prepare for contact with extraterrestrials. If we can’t talk to whales—who evolved on the same planet—how do we ever expect to chat with space-faring civilizations?

And what better place to start than with one of the most acoustically gifted and socially complex animals on Earth? Or consider, maybe aliens are speaking with whales and not us?

“Because of current limitations on technology, an important assumption of the search for extraterrestrial intelligence is that extraterrestrials will be interested in making contact and so target human receivers. This important assumption is certainly supported by the behavior of humpback whales,” said Dr. Laurance Doyle of the SETI Institute, a coauthor on the paper.

Importantly, the whales in these cases were not stressed. They showed no signs of aggression or alarm. Instead, the encounters were marked by calm, curious approaches, often followed by the bubble display and, in some cases, eye contact.

This behavior suggests a kind of social play or signaling, and while it’s not yet clear what bubble rings mean in whale culture (a “hello”? a “back off”? an invitation to dance?), their exclusive appearance in human company has researchers wondering: Is this their way of saying hi?

Bubble ring communication isn’t just cute—it raises questions about how we define intelligence and connection. In the search for life beyond Earth, SETI has long looked for intentional signals. WhaleSETI flips that search around: what if a highly intelligent species has already been trying to talk to us, but we didn’t recognize the signs?

As with all science, caution is warranted. The sample size is small. The interpretations are early. And whales have been sinking boats in the Mediterranean Sea. Maybe we should start listening.

___

The team’s findings were recently published in Marine Mammal Science in a paper titled “Humpback Whales Blow Poloidal Vortex Bubble Rings.” The study analyzes 12 bubble ring–production episodes involving 39 rings made by 11 individual whales.

Similar to studying Antarctica or other terrestrial analogs as a proxy for Mars, the Whale-SETI team is studying intelligent, non-terrestrial (aquatic), nonhuman communication systems to develop filters that aid in parsing cosmic signals for signs of extraterrestrial life. As noted by Karen Pryor, “patterns of bubble production in cetaceans constitute a mode of communication not available to terrestrial mammals” (Pryor 1990).

Other team members and coauthors of the paper are Dr. Josephine Hubbard (Postdoc, U.C. Davis), Doug Perrine (Doug Perrine Photography), Simon Hilbourne (Marine Research Facility, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia), Dr. Joy Reidenberg (Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY) and Dr. Brenda McCowan, ( U.C. Davis, Veterinary Medicine), with specialties in animal intelligences, photography and behavior of humpback whales, whale anatomy, and the use of AI in parsing animal communication, respectively.

An earlier paper by the team was published in the journal, PeerJ, entitled, “Interactive Bioacoustic Playback as a Tool for Detecting and Exploring Nonhuman Intelligence: “Conversing” with an Alaskan Humpback Whale.” The authors would like to acknowledge the Templeton Foundation Diverse Intelligences Program for financial support of this work.

For more information, visit WhaleSETI.

Poo beats pills? Norway backs poop transplant as safer treatment for gut-wrecking infection

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Poop pills
Poop pills are used for fecal transplants

In a scientific win for poop, a new phase 3 trial out of Norway found that fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT)—yes, a literal poop enema—performed slightly better than the go-to antibiotic vancomycin in treating Clostridioides difficile infections (CDI).

Researchers found FMT to be noninferior (that’s doctor-speak for “basically just as good, or a bit better”) and possibly a gentler first-line treatment than antibiotics. This could be a game-changer in how we treat gut chaos—and a step toward embracing the full healing power of… other people’s poop.

Related: Seres and Nestle makes poop pills to replace antibiotics

If this sounds familiar, that’s because Green Prophet has been covering the rise of fecal transplants like a proud microbiome mama. From our early report on how gut bacteria can control your mood (and maybe your destiny) to the Israeli startup making synthetic poop capsules for people who’d rather swallow than squirt, we’ve been watching this digestive revolution unfold. But we prefer before you rush to medicine, to eat what fermentation doc, Sandor Katz recommends –– and that’s eating fermented food.

Now, with Norwegian researchers giving the royal flush to vancomycin, we may soon be saying goodbye to antibiotics and hello to artisanal, farm-to-bum therapies.

Related: Wombats have cube-shaped poop

Let’s not forget the bigger message here: modern medicine is slowly realizing what your grandmother and your compost bin always knew—shit matters. Whether you’re nurturing your gut with probiotic yogurt or contemplating a fresh stool smoothie, the path to health might not be lined with roses, but with microbes.

As the future of medicine continues to smell a little funny, we’ll keep digging into the science of sustainable solutions—one scoop at a time. ?

Rebuilding a life, one hand at a time: a medical first at Penn Medicine

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New hands Luka Krizanac
Luka Krizanac gets a new set of hands

When Luka Krizanac lost all four limbs to sepsis at age 12, he never imagined he’d one day hold a cup, type on his phone—or feel the warmth of human touch again. But in a groundbreaking medical feat, the now 28-year-old Swiss man has received a bilateral hand transplant from doctors at Penn Medicine in Philadelphia. The surgery, performed in fall 2024, is the first of its kind in the US on a patient with surgically integrated leg prosthetics, and it marks a new chapter in the science of healing and regeneration.

Related: Turkey’s first womb transplant is a success

Krizanac is Penn’s fifth hand transplant recipient, and the program’s first since a COVID-era pause on non-vital transplants. The complexity of the procedure—known as vascularized composite allotransplantation—requires a team of over 20 specialists, from plastic and orthopedic surgeons to anesthesiologists and transplant coordinators.

“You do 1,001 things with your hands every day. Prosthetics can’t replace that,” said Dr. L. Scott Levin, a pioneer in the field and Chair Emeritus of Orthopaedic Surgery at Penn. “Our team is very proud of the many things we’ve done as ‘firsts,’” Levin said. “The first child. The first transatlantic vascularized composite allotransplantation. The first in a patient with no lower extremities. The first woman to have hand transplants who later gave birth to a baby.”

Healing Beyond Organs: A Sustainable Vision for Medicine

Luka Krizanac gets a new set of hands
While many sustainability stories focus on climate, the principles of regeneration and mindful resource use are equally vital in healthcare. Hand transplantation offers an alternative to mass-produced, resource-intensive prosthetics, and is built on human tissue reuse—a powerful expression of biological circularity.

Related: First whole eye transplant successful

Indeed, donor compatibility for hands is complex: beyond blood type, doctors must match skin tone, gender, muscle size, and age. “It’s the most human gesture I’ve ever witnessed—that someone would help me beyond their own life,” Krizanac said. “How can you ever find the words for that kind of gratitude?”

The road to surgery took years. Luka’s leg wounds had to heal first, and surgeons even flew to Europe to perform microsurgery on his residual limbs to prevent infection. Once cleared, he underwent a rigorous mental and physical evaluation to ensure he could endure the transplant’s demands: intense rehab, lifelong immunosuppressants, and the emotional weight of recovery.

Related: thinking about a hair transplant?

While the world emerged from lockdowns, Penn’s hand transplant team quietly practiced. In the Human Tissue Lab, they ran hours-long mock surgeries, rehearsing every nerve, vessel, and bone connection down to the stitch.

By fall 2024, the real operation began—10 hours long, performed overnight while most of Philadelphia slept. Four surgical teams, working in sync on Krizanac and the donor, navigated the complex choreography of rebuilding a body.

Six months after surgery, Luka is back home in Switzerland. He can now feel textures and temperatures, pick up food, and even push his glasses up—a movement most take for granted. His nerves continue to regenerate, and so does his confidence.

This story isn’t just a medical marvel. It’s a testament to long-term thinking, international cooperation, and the sustainability of human care—values we champion at Green Prophet. As we seek a regenerative future for the planet, we can’t forget to regenerate ourselves.

 

Life-Cycle Thinking Under Fire: Industrial Ecology Mission Amid Geopolitical Conflict

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ben gurion kniv
Ben-Gurion University Campus

Dr. Tamar Makov is a lecturer at the Guilford Glazer Faculty of Business and Management school at Ben-Gurion University of the Negev. Originally from Israel, she earned a BSc in Nutrition Science at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem before moving to the U.S. to complete an MA and PhD in Environmental Studies at Yale University.  Recruited back to BGU in 2019, she now lectures at the university. Her research focuses on data science, circular economy, and life-cycle analysis.

See Related Article: Hebrew University Recognized as World Leader in Movement Ecology 

At the heart of her work lies industrial ecology. The field of study that industrial ecology encapsulates is the analysis of the relationship between the natural environment and industrial processes to promote sustainable development. The aim of this idea is to minimize environmental impacts and promote efficiency by integrating production and consumption development. Critical characteristics of the field of study are life-cycle assessment, economy, and sustainability. While lifecycle assessment is widely taught throughout the U.S and European universities, Israel only has about five dedicated researchers in the field. Dr. Makov’s efforts, a new curriculum at the university, and other students are looking to change this.

At BGU, Dr. Makov’s research thrusts include:

  • Looking into emerging tech, to model current production systems
  • Identifying current “hotspots” to identify and lessen environmental impacts
  • Digitalization studies, to examine how consumer behavior shifts in response to initiatives
  • Second-hand culture, the study on how reuse is effective only when it replaces new production and use of resources

 

By intersecting research, data, and conclusions, Dr. Makov and her associates aim to bridge theory and real-world impact. To increase efficiency and sustainability while reducing harmful environmental practices and their impacts. 

Lifecycle Analysis Flow Diagram, Credit: Mark Fedkin

Dr. Makov also lies at an interesting intersection herself. Her educational background at Yale University and her current job at BGU highlight some notable differences in the academic mindset between American and Israeli students. In America, it is much easier for students to focus on their education. While there are inconveniences and real, valid life events, students are still given the opportunity to focus entirely on their education. However, this is not the case for all students in Israel. Makov explains that it is more challenging for students to work, especially when focusing on certain school subjects. To many during a time of war, an environmental education can be seen as secondary. It is challenging to focus on sustainability when a war is unfolding in the backyard. Additionally, many of Makov’s students were in attendance at the Nova Festival during the October 7th terrorist attacks conducted by Hamas. These are just some of the challenges and experiences that Israeli students face when they decide to attend school.

See Related Article: Desert University Goes Green With Gusto

Even if students do decide to study the environment, their tough times do not disappear. On one occasion, Dr. Makov had students studying abroad in the Netherlands. During their final presentation, three of their classmates disregarded the instructions and instead targeted the few Israeli students. Instead of displaying their knowledge, they displayed their ignorance by spouting anti-Israel and anti-Semitic sentiment at the horror and shock of the other students. 

 

Despite her international pedigree, Dr. Makov faces hurdles stemming from resource constraints and geopolitical tensions. Funding in Israel is much more limited than at major U.S. institutions. This means that research, grants, and funding overall need to be taken seriously and utilized in a careful and targeted way. Additionally, recruiting students with a background in the environmental field can be difficult. To add on, many institutions outside of Israel who used to send students to study at BGU have either pulled out, or the students have not wanted to come due to the war. Partnerships are fragile in general. One example of this came from Dr. Makov’s work on studying bluefish. The study was utilizing a particular software, one that Dr. Makov had used in the past. However, after the October 7th attacks and subsequent public response, the software company will pull its programming. This experience is not unique.

Ariel Image of Ben Gurion univeristy of the Negev
Ben-Gurion University of the Negev

Meanwhile, Dr. Makov reflects on her own time studying abroad at Yale, where she once shared an office with a Palestinian man from Gaza. This shows that collaboration and cooperation are possible. Today, along with many others, Dr. Makov observes that many activists in the U.S. and worldwide often conflate climate issues, Israel-Palestine issues, and other social issues. In her view, this distracts from all causes and forms a generalization. She says that we are better off focusing on issues that are urgent to environmental work: low-income and minority communities still face increased environmental risks, and emerging economies like China drive global emission increases. One example of this comes from Greta Thunberg. Thunberg, who is a climate activist, recently attempted to deliver symbolic aid to Gaza. Thus, bringing the two issues close in activist dialogue. 

See Related Article: Climate Activist Greta Thunberg Joins Gaza Flotilla

As the war continues, Dr. Tamar Makov remains committed to expanding Israel’s footprint in industrial ecology and circular economy, even as she navigates a fractured global landscape. Her work demonstrates that rigorous methods, interdisciplinary teaching, and data-driven projects can still, and will continue to, pave the way toward a more sustainable future. 

 

Sandor Katz – a conversation about fermentation for the future

Sandor Katz
Sandor Katz

In a world increasingly disconnected from its food sources, fermentation evangelist Sandor Ellix Katz stands out as a champion of microbial culture—literally. Author of groundbreaking books like The Art of Fermentation and Wild Fermentation, both books I own, Katz has helped usher in a global revival of age-old food practices. His work is not only culinary but deeply ecological, spiritual, and political—highlighting how fermentation preserves both nutrients and traditions in an age of ecological collapse and over-industrialized food.

At Green Prophet, where we’re constantly exploring the beautiful dance of ecology, culture, and innovation in the Middle East and beyond, we spoke to Sandor Katz about the ancient roots and modern relevance of fermentation—especially in water-scarce regions like ours. Here is our Q&A.

Karin Kloosterman: In the Middle East, ancient fermented foods like labneh, pickled turnips, and date wine have long been part of daily life. Do you think fermentation could be a tool for ecological resilience in water-scarce, climate-stressed regions like ours—and if so, how?

Sandor Katz:
In every region of the world, fermentation is an ancient practice, an essential way in which people in varied climates and topographies have been able to make effective use of available food resources. Fermentation enables many foods to be preserved without refrigeration, breaks down toxic compounds in certain otherwise inedible foods, and enables some foods to be eaten with much less cooking, saving fuel. Fermentation is most definitely a tool for ecological resilience.

Kloosterman: From a microbial point of view, borders are meaningless. What does that say about our shared biological and cultural heritage when everyone is busy these days laying claim to their own unique heritage?

Katz:
I’m not sure I agree with the premise of your question, since all microbes, like every cell, have membranes that function as borders. But cell membranes, like all borders and boundaries, are never absolute—they are selectively permeable. Life processes require some degree of permeability for access to water, oxygen, minerals, and food, as well as the release of metabolic by-products.

Many varied microbes inhabit each of us, like every multicellular life form in existence, and they respect neither the autonomy of our individual bodies nor political borders. Specific microbial communities in different environments can vary quite a lot; yet their presence is ubiquitous. Our coexistence with the microbes present on our food is inevitable, yet the unique ways in which people in different parts of the world developed to work with this biological reality (that was not specifically understood until recent times) are distinctly cultural. Different cultural lineages have produced many distinctive fermented products. And yet so many of them are similar. Culture is never fixed; it is always evolving and always being influenced.

Wild Fermentation, Sandor Katz
Wild Fermentation, Sandor Katz

Kloosterman: Could fermented foods—rich in microbes—play a role in healing not just the gut but also trauma, memory, or even the land itself? Have you come across any stories that link fermentation to emotional or ancestral healing?

Katz:
Certainly microbes play a huge role in healing land and water, and as we learn about the important connections between gut microbes and brain chemistry, in healing human traumas as well.

Kloosterman: In a time of ecological collapse, techno-solutionism, and AI-driven agriculture, do you believe fermentation can re-root us in slowness, decay, and human-scaled knowledge? What’s one radical thing you wish more young eco-activists knew about microbes?

Katz:
I know that the ecological destruction and catastrophes activists are focused on are vast in scale, but in thinking about strategies we cannot overlook microorganisms. Microbes may be small, but they are numerous, they are powerful, and they are resilient.

SAndor Katz
Sandor Katz

Kloosterman: Give us a short overview on what’s keeping you busy now and how we can access your latest book/project.

Katz:
My latest project is a natural history of fermentation, which will be published next year by Timber Press. I continue to teach in varied locations, and you can find out where on my website www.wildfermentation.com.

Get Fermenting: Favorite Recipes from the Green Prophet Kitchen

At Green Prophet, we’ve celebrated Middle Eastern fermentation traditions for years. Here are a few of our favorite starter recipes:

  • Labneh (strained yogurt):
    This is something my children would make in their Waldorf kindergardens, after making bread. Rich in probiotics and easily made at home by draining plain yogurt through a cheesecloth. Add olive oil, za’atar, or mint for a Levantine twist. Or try kefir.

  • Sumarian beer:
    Beer used to be made by women, before it became big business. Travel around the ancient times by making a simple beer loved by our mutual ancestors.

  • Preserved lemons:
    For a taste of Sinai and Egypt. This easy-to-make and easy to use spice uses the entire lemon. Just make sure they are organic. Get the recipe here.

Whether you’re fermenting on a balcony in Beirut or your basement in Boise, embracing microbial culture is a revolutionary act. In a time of upheaval, Sandor Katz reminds us that transformation—of food, land, and self—often begins with the smallest life forms.

Is sea acidity a ticking time bomb?

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Great Barrier Reef Foundation
Great Barrier Reef coral bleaching

Ocean Acidification Has Quietly Crossed a Planetary Boundary — And It’s Worse Than We Thought

Fresh analysis from a global team of researchers—including the UK’s Plymouth Marine Laboratory (PML), NOAA, and Oregon State University—reveals a troubling truth: ocean acidification has already breached a planetary boundary, and alarmingly, this occurred around five years ago.

The planetary boundary framework defines Earth’s “safe operating space,” with nine environmental limits. Until now, ocean acidification had remained within this zone—barely. New findings, however, show that by about 2020, global seawater conditions had exceeded the boundary, defined as a >20 % decline in calcium‑carbonate saturation relative to pre‑industrial times.

Disturbingly, at depths of 200 m—where much ocean life thrives—60 % of waters have passed that threshold.

This creeping acidity threatens organisms that build calcium‑carbonate shells—corals, molluscs, crustaceans, pteropods, oysters—and the ecosystems and economies that depend on them.

As PML’s marine ecologist and Global Ocean Acidification Observing Network co‑chair Prof Steve Widdicombe starkly warns: “Ocean acidification isn’t just an environmental crisis —it’s a ticking time‑bomb for marine ecosystems and coastal economies.”

Deep Waters, Deeper Problems
Lead author Helen Findlay from PML highlights that acidification isn’t confined to surface waters. She notes: “Most ocean life doesn’t just live at the surface … the waters below are home to many more different types of plants and animals. Since these deeper waters are changing so much, the impacts … could be far worse than we thought.”

Indeed, coral reef habitats are already shrinking: a 43 % habitat loss in tropical/subtropical corals, up to 61 % for polar pteropods, and 13 % for coastal bivalves.

too loud for baby oysters
Foods to boost testosterone include oysters · leafy green vegetables · fatty fish and fish oil. Bivalves are an aquatic mollusk that has a compressed body enclosed within a hinged shell, such as oystersclams, mussels, and scallops.

Lower ocean pH hampers shell formation, metabolic functions, reproductive success, and resilience. The Guardian underscores that acidification is accelerating, exacerbating threats to biodiversity and coastal industries like oyster farming—already suffering in the Pacific Northwest .

Marine ecologist Widdicombe tells Oceanographic Magazine: “If we could see ocean acidification, we’d be way more scared. … Couple ocean acidification with warming temperatures … you’ve got a way bigger problem than plastics.”

What’s Being Done—and What Still Needs to Happen
The study, published in Global Change Biology, combines ice‑core chemistry, historical ocean samples, and advanced modeling to track trends over 150 years .

Researchers advocate for:

  • Deep CO₂ emissions cuts to halt further acidification.
  • Targeted conservation of reefs and vulnerable habitats.
  • Upping acidification on policy agendas—it’s still largely sidelined.

Some are even exploring local fixes—like alkalinity enhancement—but scientists stress these remain unproven, and the real solution is still cutting fossil fuels out of our diet. Some companies like Make Sunsets in the US is going ahead and geo-engineering our planet, to the ire of ocean conservationists –- as we write here in this article.

Ocean acidification is dubbed the “evil twin” of climate change—and it has stealthily crossed a planetary limit, with cascading impacts on every layer of marine life, from shellmakers and corals to coastal economies. Professor Steve Widdicombe’s warning rings true: humanity is “gambling with both biodiversity and billions in economic value every day that action is delayed.”

We’re out of time. Reducing CO₂ emissions—and integrating acidification into global climate and biodiversity strategies—is no longer optional; it’s essential for the health of our oceans and ourselves. Greta Thunberg, can you come back to work?

SPNI’s Eco-Therapy Program Offers Vital Support and Resilience in Post-October 7 Israel

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moms and children participating in an SPNI acivity in nature
Participants in SPNI’s “Nature Heals” program 

The “Nature Heals” program, run by the Society for the Protection of Nature in Israel (SPNI) since November 2023, uses nature to help Israelis, particularly young people, deal with mental health challenges after the October 7th attacks. Since the 2023 attack on Israel, over 100 thousand Israelis have gained some sense of peace and calmness through this program. 

See Related Article: How SPNI is Rewilding Cities and Rebuilding Resilience

Traditionally, SPNI is dedicated to conservation and initiatives within Israel’s natural areas. However, SPNI recognized the urgent need to address the widespread psychological distress gripping the nation and particularly Israel’s youth community. 

SPNI is not new to helping the Israeli community. After the destruction of the October 7th attacks, SPNI gave emergency shelter, in their facilities, to over 220 families at no cost. Additionally, schools run by SPNI in Eilat and Ein Gedi partnered with IsraAid and the Ministry of Education to provide space for displaced children to attend school, thereby offering some sense of normalcy during such volatile times.   

The “Nature Heals” program is not only targeting adolescents. They also provide services for displaced families, military personnel, and the general public. Over 4,000 children have already attended the program’s 4-day tours. If someone is unable to participate in a tour, SPNI offers online eco-therapy. Over 30 thousand Israelis have viewed their “Nature at Home” content. The content includes live birds, tours, and lectures. 

The in-person program is designed around a three-phase framework: Respite, Resilience, and Rehabilitation. The respite phase focuses on providing immediate relief through easily accessible natural experiences. The resilience phase, highlighted by the tours, offers an immersive experience that focuses on long-term physiological growth and instills positive beliefs in its participants. Finally, the rehabilitation phase aims to provide therapeutic activities aimed at long-term recovery.

So far, the results have been almost entirely positive. SPNI reports that 92% of teens stated they felt less anxious after attending one of the camps. Additionally, the programs are helping entire families, with 97% of parents reporting that their child had a significant, positive experience due to SPNIs’ work.

kid enjoying time
A young person actively engaging in SPNI’s activities

The success of the “Nature Heals” program would not have been possible without the support of various forces. Collaborations with local municipalities, therapists, and other welfare programs allow SPNI to reach out and recruit those from the most affected communities in Israel. One example of these positive partnerships is the collaboration with Sheba Medical Center. SPNI, Sheba, and the Eilat municipality have recently agreed to proceed with an eco-therapy retreat for recovering IDF soldiers. The program will provide professional trauma therapy in a natural setting. 

Rendering of the eco-therapy retreat in Eilat
Rendering of the eco-therapy retreat in Eilat

Looking forward, “Nature Heals” does not plan to stop its work after the war is over. It plans only to expand and become a mainstay in eco-therapy in Israel. The program provides a compelling blueprint for trauma response and underscores the profound impact that eco-therapy can have on an individual. The goal SPNI set for itself is to engage over 700 students from the West Negev to Northern Israel at no cost. 

::SPNI

All About Ancient Mesopotamian Beer

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Sumarian beer dinner
Have a Sumarian beer dinner

Below is one of the oldest written texts known to exist: a hymn in praise of the Mesopotamian beer goddess Ninkasi. Archaeologists surmise that brewing goes back to 3500 to 3100 BCE at the Sumerian settlement of Godin Tepe in modern-day Iran. But It’s not known exactly when the first beer was poured into a jug and tasted.

Hymn to Ninkasi
Hymn to Ninkasi

The Sumerians brewed many kinds of beer. The cuneiform tablet shown below is dated from “The sixth year of Prince Lugalanda,” ruler of southern Mesopotamia circa 2370 BC. It reports the deliveries of three kinds of beer to the palace and as offerings to a temple. The quantities of barley and other ingredients needed for making beer are carefully noted for inspection.

Beer was the everyday drink of the masses and of the gentry, as necessary as bread. Its nutritional value was high. It was also safer to drink than plain water, as the basic fermented liquor had to be boiled.

Barley was the grain used to provide the nutrients and sugars needed to ferment beer. It was used in the shape of barley bread dissolved in water, plus sprouted barley grains. It was a labor-intensive process, each ingredient matured separately and added in stages. Emmer, an ancient wheat variety, was added as well. Emmer is still around and is known as farro today.

Sumarian beer, via tasting history

Our dandelion beer recipe also relies on natural ingredients, but is much easier to brew up.

We have a partial recipe for Sumarian beer. It’s preserved in the Hymn to Ninkasi. The lyrical poem with its rhythmic verses was probably sung by workers in the brewing facilities. It illustrates the religious respect with which the Sumarians regarded beer, precious gift of the goddess.

“Ninkasi, you are the one who pours out the filtered beer of the collector vat,
It is [like] the onrush of the Tigris and the Euphrates.”

The poem goes on to describe the effects of the goddess’s gift:

“Drinking beer, in a blissful mood,
Drinking liquor, feeling exhilarated,
With joy in the heart [and] a happy liver…”

The whole poem may be viewed here.

This 5,000-year-old tablet depicting beer-making and a signed sales transaction was sold for $230,000.
This 5,000-year-old tablet depicting beer-making and a signed sales transaction was sold for $230,000.

We’ve brewed our own ancient-style beer at home: Ethiopian Tej. The traditional procedure eerily almost matches the ancient Sumerian method as outlined in the Hymn to Ninkasi.

t'ej beer, tej beer, injera ethiopian honey beer
Tej, Ethiopian honey wine (as it’s called in Ethiopia) or beer elsewhere

Women were the home bakers of the time, so the responsibility for beer brewing was first theirs. When beer became a commercial enterprise, men took over the production. As a home-brewer myself, it seems logical that the first beer was the result of water into which barley bread fell, making a new ferment. The alcoholic odor was tempting – someone dared to taste the liquid – and decided to make it again, on purpose. As good a theory as any.

What was ancient beer like? We know that although recipes varied from region to region, it was probably somewhat sour, although sweetened with dates whose sugar content would have boosted fermentation. Honey was included in some recipes for the same purpose. It’s thought that it usually had 2 to 4% alcohol by volume.

It was cloudy and rough, with floating husk particles of barley and wheat and field dust. People drank the beer through a straw, avoiding the gritty stuff at the bottom of the jar. Here’s an illustration from those times. Note the sideways smile of the second figure from the left.

drinking ancient beer through straws

The Sumarians’ brewing methods developed over the ages into the beer we know today. Yet making alcohol from bread mashed into liquid has never left people’s minds. We have a funny note on that: jailbird booze.

This story went around brewer’s forums for a while. It was said that convicts would fill a garbage bag with Kool-Aid left over from lunches, then floated a slice of moldy bread (great yeast) on it. The bag was stashed behind the toilet. After a while the sugary liquid had become alcoholic. Of course, today’s ubiquitous security cameras put a stop to that.

Not something I would recommend. But If you’re feeling ambitious, you can make Tej to sip while munching on Mersu candy. For that good old Mesopotamian feeling.

 

 

Greta Thunberg deported on plane back to Sweden

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Greta Deported from Israel on a plane back to Sweden
Greta Deported from Israel on a plane back to Sweden

Swedish climate activist Greta Thunberg has been deported voluntarily from Israel following the interception of the Freedom Flotilla vessel Madleen, which aimed to break the Israeli naval blockade on Gaza and deliver humanitarian aid. The boat was seized in international waters on Sunday night by Israel’s Shayetet 13 naval unit and escorted to Ashdod Port.

The Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs confirmed Tuesday morning that Thunberg had departed the country via a flight to Sweden, with a stopover in France.

“Greta Thunberg just departed Israel on a flight to Sweden (via France),” the MFA posted on X.

Thunberg, who joined the flotilla to call attention to the humanitarian and ecological collapse in Gaza, was among 12 international activists on board. The group included medical workers, political figures, and climate advocates protesting what they call an “unlivable siege” that has blocked not only food and medicine but solar energy kits and water filters from reaching the 2.2 million people in the enclave.

Rima Hassan, a refugee from Syria to France has refused deportation. She joins another 7 that will need to appear before a judge before they can be deported.

Inside the Kaaba: Islam’s Hidden Heart

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At the very center of the Islamic world stands a cube. Modest in shape yet immense in meaning, the Kaaba anchors the faith of over a billion Muslims, who turn toward it five times a day in prayer. Located within the Grand Mosque in Mecca, Saudi Arabia, this black-clad structure is the direction of prayer, the spiritual axis of Islam, and the focal point of the annual Hajj pilgrimage.

Yet despite its global significance, the Kaaba remains one of the most mysterious buildings on Earth. Few have seen inside it, and fewer still know what lies beyond its heavy door.

Inside the kaaba
Inside the Kaaba via Islamic Landmarks

The interior of the Kaaba is striking in its simplicity. Step inside, and you enter a quiet, rectangular chamber lined with smooth white marble. Three ancient wooden pillars rise from the floor, holding up a flat wooden ceiling. From this ceiling hang delicate silver and gold lamps, some inscribed with calligraphy from bygone Islamic dynasties. The scent of oud lingers in the air—applied regularly with sacred oils stored in a modest wooden cabinet tucked along one wall.

The floor itself is made of cool, polished marble. There are no decorations, no paintings, no thrones or altars—only space, light, and stillness. The room is empty of ornament but full of spiritual weight.

Kaaba, kabaa interior Kaaba, kabaa interior Kaaba, kabaa interior Kaaba, kabaa interior

This is not a place of tourism or spectacle. The Kaaba is closed to the general public. Entry is reserved for rare ceremonial occasions, most notably when it is cleaned twice a year in a ritual carried out with immense care and reverence. This responsibility belongs to a distinguished Meccan family, the Al-Shaibi clan, who have been the traditional caretakers of the Kaaba for generations—since the time of the Prophet Muhammad himself.

It is a hereditary role, passed down with deep honor. During the cleaning, the interior is washed with Zamzam water and rosewater, wiped down with white cloths, and anointed with perfumes. Only a small group of religious leaders, heads of state, or invited dignitaries are present.

The cloth that wraps the Kaaba—the Kiswa—is replaced once a year during Hajj. Woven from silk and embroidered with Quranic verses in gold thread, the Kiswa is produced by a dedicated team of artisans in a specialized factory in Mecca. It is raised slightly each year to prevent wear from the crowds of pilgrims, then lowered again after Hajj concludes.

While the Kaaba we see today has undergone many reconstructions, its spiritual essence remains unchanged. Tradition holds that it was originally built by Abraham and his son Ishmael as a house of monotheistic worship. Over the centuries, it has been rebuilt several times due to floods, fires, and the passage of time. The current structure dates largely to a 17th-century reconstruction, with its foundations going back even further.

No appointment needed to kiss the stone

Security officers stand guard next to "Al-Hajar al-Aswad", or the Black Stone, as the first group of Muslims perform Tawaf around Kaaba at the Grand Mosque during the annual Haj pilgrimage, in the holy city of Mecca, Saudi Arabia, July 17, 2021. Saudi Ministry of Media/Handout
Security officers stand guard next to “Al-Hajar al-Aswad”, or the Black Stone, as the first group of Muslims perform Tawaf around Kaaba at the Grand Mosque during the annual Haj pilgrimage, in the holy city of Mecca, Saudi Arabia, July 17, 2021. Saudi Ministry of Media/Handout
The Black Stone on the Kaaba
The Black Stone on the Kaaba

Just outside the eastern corner of the Kaaba lies the Black Stone, a revered object kissed or touched by pilgrims performing the circumambulation ritual. But the sanctity of the Kaaba is not contained in any one object or wall. It lies in the unity it creates. Across continents and cultures, from mud mosques in Mali to prayer rooms in Jakarta, millions face the same direction each day, bound together by the unseen geometry of faith.

Vintage, undated images of the Kaaba
Vintage, undated images of the Kaaba

Vintage, undated images of the Kaaba

The Kaaba does not boast grandeur in the way palaces or cathedrals might. Its power is in its restraint. It is a place beyond spectacle, where emptiness becomes presence, and silence becomes prayer.

How SPNI is Rewilding Cities and Rebuilding Resilience

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gazelle in gazelle valley park with jerusalem as the backdrop
Gazelle grazing in Gazelle Valley, Jerusalem

In the heart of Jerusalem, a city often defined by its layers of stone, history, and conflict, a special, quiet scene unfolds daily: a herd of over 100 endangered wild mountain gazelles roaming freely through the grasslands of a restored valley. Even in a time of war, Israeli children can be heard laughing along the winding trails. Birdwatchers hide from migratory birds while viewing their natural beauty. 

See Related Article: Near-extinct gazelle brings Israelis and Palestinians to peace-making plan

This is the Gazelle Valley Urban Nature Park, one of Israel’s first urban wildlife refuges and one of the most powerful symbols of what the Society for the Protection of Nature in Israel (SPNI) stands for: a belief the nature belongs to everyone, and that green space-especially in cities- is not just a sanctuary, but a solution.

Founded in 1953, SPNI emerged from a grassroots protest against the draining of the Hula Valley wetland. This move destroyed biodiversity and compromised the water quality of the wetland in northern Israel. Though the campaign failed in its goal of stopping the project, it gave rise to one of Israel’s and the world’s first environmental NGOs.

Today, SPNI operates a diverse portfolio that encompasses biodiversity conservation, sustainable urban planning, education, and advocacy. “If you learn about nature, you’ll love nature, and you’ll want to protect it,” says Jay Shofet, Director of Partnerships and Development at SPNI, who has lived in Israel for over 40 years.

See Related Article: Why is the Society for the Protection of Nature (SPNI) in Israel Supporting Settlements in the West Bank?

While SPNI’s base and roots are in wildlife protection, preserving nature reserves, restoration, and defending against habitat loss, its focus has shifted to cities where over 90% of Israel’s population resides. This shift is embodied in SPNI’s “Promoting Urban Nature” initiative. The goal of this initiative is to combat pressure to utilize land reserves for housing. SPNI works with the Israeli government and, more importantly, municipal leaders to create plans to make Israel’s cities greener. The key to this is creating and lobbying for urban nature sites. The sites offer residents a unique experience of nature in an urban setting, distinct from traditional parks. They emphasize natural biodiversity. The sites not only help nature but also help people. Their work is also “About protecting nature for our health and enjoyment,” says Shofet. SPNI emphasizes the mental health and physical health benefits that nature has. 

No site better captures this philosophy than Gazelle Valley. Located in western Jerusalem, the valley was once planned for the construction of 30,000 living units. However, with passionate residents by their side, SPNI organized a campaign to preserve it—the result: Israel’s largest urban nature site. Gazelle Valley boasts 64 acres of restored open space, where mountain gazelles, one of hundreds of species, roam freely with wetlands, food, and care at their disposal. 

Gazelle Valley is also a fully functioning, living lab. SPNI and other researchers track biodiversity indicators, such as the gain or loss of dragonflies and otters, both indicator species, and collaborate with scientists from various institutions, universities, and private organizations, as well as the government, to monitor numbers and migrations. Educational programs are held on-site that educate youth and members of government and business. 

gazelle park attendees laerning about one of the parks species, turtle
Gazelle Valley attendees learning about another of the site’s species, turtles

SPNI is one of Israel’s leading organizations in environmental education, helping to create Israel’s nationwide mandate to integrate nature studies into the school curriculum. The work started over 30 years ago and is now expanding with the support of the Ministry of Education.

“We teach the teachers,” Shofet explains. Through short-term development programs, classroom materials, and outdoor field experiences, SPNI helps facilitate environmental education for Israeli students. Urban sites, such as Gazelle Valley, serve as outdoor classrooms, providing children with the opportunity to learn about ecosystems, biodiversity, and sustainability, even in an urban setting. 

gazelle in the valley
A gazelle in the Gazelle Valley with Jerusalem in the background

Additionally, education helps inspire and promote environmental activism. “The environment is a great entry point to activism,” says Shofet. “Educate, Love and Protect,” Shofet adds, are the three primary keys to SPNI’s mission.

See Related Article: Waze saves wild lives

As urbanization continues to grow and intensify around the world, Israel may hold a hopeful model. SPNI’s integration of ecology, education, health, and urban planning remains a driving force in this space. SPNI plans to expand its Urban Nature initiative in 2025 and beyond, particularly to Israel’s rebuilding of northern and southern cities. Their goal is simple yet ambitious: to bring nature to every Israeli, regardless of their location or background.

::SPNI

Asbestos and Cancer and Why Mesothelioma Is So Hard to Find Early — and Treat

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 asbestos, mesothelioma, Middle East health, Israel environment, Lebanon infrastructure, Turkey asbestos ban, Syria conflict health, asbestos exposure, public health, environmental toxins, cancer prevention, MPM, toxic materials, Green Prophet, regional health risks, asbestos removal, hazardous waste, Middle East pollution
Asbestos remains a silent killer across the Middle East—hidden in homes, rubble, and old infrastructure—posing long-term cancer risks from Israel to Syria.

You may have heard of asbestos—a once-common material used in construction, shipbuilding, and insulation. What you may not know is how deeply it can damage our bodies at the molecular level, leading to a rare and deadly cancer called Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma (MPM).

New research from scientists working with the Sbarro Health Research Organization (SHRO) reveals how exposure to asbestos triggers changes in our DNA, laying the groundwork for cancer development. This study not only helps explain why mesothelioma is so hard to detect and treat early, but it also points toward new ways to fight it in the future.

MPM is a rare cancer that forms in the lining of the lungs (pleura) and is almost always caused by inhaling asbestos fibers. These tiny, sharp fibers lodge deep in lung tissue and stay there for decades—damaging cells slowly, silently. By the time symptoms like shortness of breath, chest pain, or fatigue appear, the disease is often in advanced stages and hard to treat.

asbestos, mesothelioma, Middle East health, Israel environment, Lebanon infrastructure, Turkey asbestos ban, Syria conflict health, asbestos exposure, public health, environmental toxins, cancer prevention, MPM, toxic materials, Green Prophet, regional health risks, asbestos removal, hazardous waste, Middle East pollution

Unlike some cancers that can be detected with regular screenings (like breast or colon cancer), there’s no routine test for mesothelioma. It also has a long latency period—meaning it can take 20 to 50 years after asbestos exposure for the disease to show up.

And even when it does, it can look like other conditions—pneumonia, lung infections, or general respiratory issues. That makes early diagnosis incredibly difficult. And difficult for lawyers to win their cases.

In the recent study, published in Experimental and Molecular Pathology, researchers analyzed public datasets of RNA sequencing (a type of genetic blueprint of how cells behave) from patients with MPM caused by asbestos.

Led by Professors Antonio Giordano (SHRO and Temple University) and Elisa Frullanti (University of Siena), the team found specific genes and molecular pathways that are altered in mesothelioma patients.

Some of these changes are involved in:

  • Ion balance inside cells
  • Oxidative stress (damage caused by reactive molecules)
  • Disruption of cell structure and communication

These are all hallmarks of cellular chaos caused by asbestos—and they help explain how the cancer gets started and spreads.

This research is part of a growing effort to bring precision medicine to mesothelioma. That means creating:

  • Better diagnostic tools that detect the disease earlier
  • Personalized treatments based on the exact molecular changes in a patient’s tumor
  • Risk prediction models that identify people more likely to develop MPM after asbestos exposure

“With further validation, this could translate into real-world clinical applications,” says Frullanti. In other words, these lab discoveries may soon guide how we diagnose and treat real people.

Although asbestos is banned or restricted in many countries, it still lingers in old buildings, homes, and industrial sites. It’s found all over cities like Tel Aviv. In parts of the world, it’s still actively used.

The World Health Organization estimates thousands of people die each year from asbestos-related diseases, many from mesothelioma. With no cure, and limited treatments, research like this offers hope—not just for healing, but for catching the disease before it’s too late.

Takeaway: A Silent Killer With a Genetic Footprint

Asbestos doesn’t just irritate lungs—it rewrites your genes. This study shows how molecular damage caused by asbestos exposure becomes a cancer blueprint—a map scientists are now starting to decode. With better understanding comes better tools, better treatment, and better chances for those at risk.

We may not be able to erase past asbestos exposure, but we can give people a fighting chance with earlier detection and smarter therapies. Stay tuned to Green Prophet as we continue covering the cutting edge of environmental health and precision medicine.

Microplastics in Your Food Links Nanoplastics to Liver Damage and Glucose Imbalance

a Single Use Ain’t Sexy tablet is simply placed into a reusable glass dispenser along with water that produces a luxurious white foam every time you wash your hands.
A Single Use Ain’t Sexy tablet is simply placed into a reusable glass dispenser along with water that produces a luxurious white foam every time you wash your hands.

Plastic is everywhere — from the oceans to the bloodstream. Now, new research presented at the NUTRITION 2025 conference in Orlando suggests that the tiniest plastic fragments—nanoplastics—could be silently harming your liver and disrupting your metabolism. Plastics are part of the food we eat, the animals and plants we eat, the water we drink and are emitted from plastic teeth aligners and bubble gum.

In a new animal study, scientists at the University of California, Davis, found that ingesting polystyrene nanoplastics (commonly found in food packaging) led to glucose intolerance, liver damage, and gut barrier disruption in mice. These alarming results echo concerns raised in earlier Green Prophet reporting on microplastic pollution in sea salt, seafood, and even the placentas of unborn babies.

“We already know microplastics have invaded every corner of the food chain,” said Amy Parkhurst, the study’s lead author and a Clinical and Translational Science Center fellow. “But now we’re seeing how those particles can impact basic bodily functions—like regulating blood sugar.”

Nanoplastics are the breakdown products of everyday plastics—smaller than 100 nanometers. They’re invisible to the naked eye, but not to our bodies. Previous research cited by Green Prophet estimated that an average person may consume 40,000 to 50,000 plastic particles per year—others put the number closer to 10 million particles annually.

The UC Davis study focused on male mice, fed a normal diet alongside a daily oral dose of polystyrene nanoparticles mimicking human exposure. The mice developed signs of systemic glucose intolerance, a red flag for type 2 diabetes. They also showed elevated levels of alanine aminotransferase, a marker for liver injury.

Perhaps more worrying: the study found increased gut permeability, which allowed endotoxins to leak into the bloodstream—creating a toxic loop that may contribute to chronic liver dysfunction.

This new evidence builds on prior warnings that our plastic obsession could come with a steep biological price. From endocrine disruption to cognitive decline, microplastics have been linked to a spectrum of emerging health risks.

This latest study adds a metabolic twist—suggesting that nanoplastics could directly interfere with how our bodies process sugar, potentially increasing risks of obesity and diabetes.

Parkhurst and her colleagues are now working with UC Davis’s Dr. Elizabeth Neumann to map the tissue-level effects of nanoplastics using mass spectrometry imaging. Their goal? To understand where nanoplastics end up in the body—and how they alter metabolism at the molecular level.

“We need more science before setting policy,” said Parkhurst. “But the early warning signs are there.”

That warning should matter to policymakers, consumers, and health advocates alike. As science catches up with the scale of plastic pollution, the push for bans on single-use plastics and improved biodegradable alternatives is gaining urgency.

Next time you reach for a plastic-wrapped snack or sip from a disposable cup, remember: the real cost may not show up on the price tag, but in your liver enzymes or your glucose test.

Long-term coffee drinking food for women’s health

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Principles GI, pay what you can coffee shop
Principles GI founder Katie Bishop with her late mom, who died a year ago. The coffee shop follows a pay what you can model for coffee. Via IG

For many of us, the day begins only after that sacred first cup of coffee. Now, new research reveals that our favorite morning ritual may be doing more than just jumpstarting our day—it might be quietly shaping our future selves.

In a landmark study following nearly 50,000 women for over 30 years, researchers from Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health found a strong association between midlife coffee consumption and healthy aging for women —defined not only by longevity, but by quality of life: freedom from chronic disease, good physical function, mental health, and intact cognitive abilities.

“Our study is the first to assess coffee’s impact across multiple domains of aging over three decades,” said Dr. Sara Mahdavi, the study’s lead author and a post-doctoral fellow at Harvard, in a preview of her presentation at NUTRITION 2025, the flagship annual conference of the American Society for Nutrition.

The research, drawn from data in the long-running Nurses’ Health Study, found that women who consumed moderate amounts of caffeinated coffee in midlife were significantly more likely to enjoy robust health later in life. Each additional small cup of coffee per day was linked to a 2%–5% increase in the likelihood of “healthy aging,” up to about five small cups.

Importantly, this positive effect was not seen with tea or decaffeinated coffee. And, in a twist that will please nutritionists but disappoint soda drinkers, drinking more cola (another source of caffeine) was linked to a 20%–26% lower chance of healthy aging.

“Not all sources of caffeine are equal,” said Dr. Mahdavi. “It’s likely that other compounds in coffee—such as antioxidants and polyphenols—are playing a role here.”

The study is unique not only for its length and size but for its holistic definition of aging—one that accounts for mind, body, and spirit. Of the 47,513 women tracked since 1984, only 3,706 met all the study’s criteria for “healthy aging” by 2016. But among those women, most shared one habit: they drank around 315 mg of caffeine daily, roughly the amount in three small cups of coffee.

“These results, while preliminary, suggest that small, consistent habits can shape long-term health,” Dr. Mahdavi said. “Moderate coffee intake may offer some protective benefits when combined with other healthy behaviors like exercise, a balanced diet, and avoiding smoking.”

Still, she emphasized: coffee is not a magic bullet. Its benefits are modest, and genetics and lifestyle still play a much larger role in how we age.

The Eco-Awakening Angle

At Green Prophet, we often highlight plant-based solutions that align with natural systems. Coffee—grown sustainably—has long been part of the environmental and wellness conversation. But this study adds a new layer to the dialogue: coffee as a potential agent of longevity and cognitive preservation in women.

picture of Tomer inside Ada Hanina Cafe in Jaffa
Tomer, the mastermind behind Ada Hanina Cafe. He travels to Ethiopia and meets the farmers who grows his coffee beans.

That doesn’t mean we all need to start downing five cups a day. For some, especially those sensitive to caffeine or with specific health conditions, too much coffee can be harmful. And as Dr. Mahdavi and colleagues note, genetic differences may influence how caffeine affects individuals.

The team plans to further explore how bioactive compounds in coffee interact with genetic and metabolic markers of aging, possibly paving the way for personalized dietary recommendations in the future.

If you’re a woman in your 40s or 50s enjoying your morning brew, this study gives new reason to sip with purpose. But even more importantly, it underscores a simple truth we often return to: wellness is cumulative. The choices we make today—how we move, what we eat, how we rest, and yes, how we caffeinate—are the building blocks of the decades to come.

As always, balance is key. And if your coffee is organic, fair trade, and shade-grown? Even better—for you and the planet.

Make America cool again, says Make Sunsets a startup that’s geo-engineering the climate

Their ethos? Act now, ask forgiveness later.

Make Sunsets, a solar geoengineering startup based in South Dakota, continues to attract both controversy and attention as it pushes ahead with its mission to “Make Earth Cool Again”—literally. The company, founded by Andrew Song and Luke Iseman, has been releasing sulfur dioxide into the stratosphere using high-altitude balloons, an experimental (and deeply polarizing) method of solar geoengineering designed to reflect sunlight and reduce global temperatures.

Related: Stardust’s $10 billion plan to blot out the sun

In a recent newsletter from 10 days ago, Make Sunsets revealed that it had responded to inquiries from the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), guided by two former EPA lawyers. Their cheeky tone remains unchanged: “Let’s ensure American energy dominance as well as a safe and healthy environment by Making Earth Cool Again,” they wrote.

Make Sunsets foundersMake Sunsets foundersDespite the EPA referring to their activities as “unregulated,” the founders are confident the agency doesn’t have a solid legal basis to shut them down. “We predict they’ll stay out of our way,” they wrote. And they aren’t slowing down—this month, they launched five new balloons carrying 5,895 “Cooling Credits” worth of sulfur dioxide to altitudes of 30 km, with two of three payloads successfully recovered.

Critics Say “Wait,” They Say “Why?”

The company’s critics, including many climate scientists, argue that Make Sunsets is moving too fast with a technology whose global impacts are uncertain. Solar geoengineering could potentially reduce global temperatures, but it also poses major ethical, geopolitical, and ecological questions—who decides when and where to deploy it? What are the long-term risks?

“The existence of companies like Make Sunsets is precisely why CCAN supports public-funded research and opposes private money in both solar geoengineering testing and deployment. Research must be held to the highest bar, conducted with full transparency, and developed in a way that explicitly benefits the public good – not corporate profit margins,” says Quentin Scott, Federal Policy Director for the Chesapeake Climate Action Network (CCAN) said.

“CCAN is speaking out in strong opposition to the work of this renegade firm because it is a dangerous distraction from the serious scientific research that needs to be done.

“However, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) opposition to Make Sunsets is hypocritical and factually inaccurate. EPA says that Make Sunsets may be adversely impacting air quality, but the truth is that the sulfur dioxide that this company releases is dispersed too high in the atmosphere to impact the air we breathe.

“Additionally, the EPA’s pretense of using the Clean Air Act to threaten Make Sunsets is absurd when the administration is repeatedly attacking that same landmark legislation in the courts, Congress, and public discourse. If the EPA truly stood for the principle of protecting pristine air for all Americans, they would enforce the Clean Air Act provisions that they are Congressionally mandated to enforce instead of making up new ones.”

Make Sunsets, on the other hand, is openly skeptical of the academic establishment. They vented their frustration after attending the recent Degrees Global Forum in South Africa, the largest solar geoengineering gathering to date. Their takeaway: “many get paid to talk, not act,” calling out scientists who “live in a fantasy land” for believing in the feasibility of global net-zero emissions by 2100.

Potential Emergency Climate Tool: If global warming accelerates to dangerous levels and mitigation efforts fall short, solar geoengineering could serve as a temporary emergency measure. Make Sunsets contributes early real-world data and experimentation that could prove valuable in understanding the viability of such options in the future.
Potential Emergency Climate Tool:
If global warming accelerates to dangerous levels and mitigation efforts fall short, solar geoengineering could serve as a temporary emergency measure. Make Sunsets contributes early real-world data and experimentation that could prove valuable in understanding the viability of such options in the future.

The newsletter was especially pointed in its critique: “Do we really need another study on the potential impact to maize yield in Ecuador? You know what else hurts maize yields? Record-breaking temperatures, continent-sweeping fires, and longest-recorded droughts.”

Related: Climate change Greta Thunberg sails to Gaza on Freedom Flotilla 

Their core argument: we’ve run out of time for endless modeling—climate interventions are needed now.

Business Model: Selling “Cooling Credits”

Make Sunsets generates revenue by selling “Cooling Credits”—units purchased by individuals or companies who want to fund solar geoengineering as a form of carbon offset. With a revenue of $9,414 in the last month (May) and expenses (“burn”) of $40,135, they are burning cash but still have a healthy runway of 20 months, supported by a reported cash balance of $969,009.

They’ve recently added a fiscal sponsor, allowing tax-deductible donations to the effort—another controversial move that may signal their intent to operate partly in the nonprofit space.

The company has ambitious plans:

$14K in sales for May

First paid “return-to-home” balloon flight

Signing a client for localized cooling—a move that could mark the beginning of geoengineering-as-a-service

Despite the scientific and regulatory uncertainty, Make Sunsets continues to scale what many consider a rogue climate experiment. Their ethos? Act now, ask forgiveness later.

Whether they represent a radical new frontier in climate action or a reckless gamble remains deeply contested. But one thing is clear—they’re not waiting for permission.

Ancient “Drink-Off” Between Dionysus and Hercules Found on 1,700-Year-Old Roman Coffin

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Dionysus and Hercules are depicted in a drinking game on new coffin found in Israel
Dionysus and Hercules are depicted in a drinking game on new coffin found in Israel

A rare and intricately carved Roman marble sarcophagus, dating back 1,700 years, has been unearthed during a rescue excavation by the Israel Antiquities Authority (IAA) in the ancient port city of Caesarea. The find, described by archaeologists as “spectacular and unique,” features a vivid mythological scene of a drinking contest between Dionysus—the god of wine—and the hero Heracles (Hercules).

The sarcophagus after its conservation by the expert conservators of the Israel Antiquities Authority’s Conservation Department
The sarcophagus after its conservation by the expert conservators of the Israel Antiquities Authority’s Conservation Department

This marble coffin may be the oldest “party scene” ever found in Israel—and it’s carved in stunning detail.

Instead of red Solo cups and keg stands, this ancient drinking game involved gods and demigods slugging it out in style. The scene on the sarcophagus shows Dionysus, the god of wine and wild nights, going head-to-head with Hercules, known for his brute strength and legendary hangovers.

Caesarea, home of the original drink-off?

The excavation was launched by the IAA in collaboration with the Caesarea Development Corporation, which has been working to preserve and restore the historical treasures of the city.

Carved in high relief on gleaming white marble, the sarcophagus depicts the legendary showdown between Dionysus (known in Roman mythology as Bacchus) and Heracles, a symbolic battle of indulgence and strength. In classical mythology, Dionysus challenges Heracles to a drinking contest—a moment of revelry that showcases the god’s cunning and command over pleasure.

Related: why Muslims don’t drink alcohol

Experts believe the sarcophagus once belonged to a high-status individual—likely Roman or Romanized elite—interred in Caesarea during the 3rd or 4th century CE, when the city thrived under Roman rule.

“This is the first sarcophagus of its kind found in Israel with this specific mythological scene,” said Dr. Peter Gendelman of the IAA. “Its craftsmanship, condition, and content are exceptional.”

Founded by Herod the Great and once a glittering Roman provincial capital, Caesarea Maritima remains one of Israel’s most archaeologically rich sites. Finds from recent years have included Roman-era mosaics, Byzantine churches, and Crusader fortifications—but this sarcophagus, with its mythological imagery and well-preserved artistry, stands out.

“This discovery adds a rich new layer to our understanding of Roman funerary culture in the eastern Mediterranean,” noted Dr. Helen Goldstein, classical art historian at Tel Aviv University. “The depiction of Dionysus and Heracles is not only artistic—it reflects the spiritual and cultural values of the elite in late antiquity.”

The sarcophagus will be formally presented to the public on Thursday, June 12, where it is expected to draw significant interest from scholars and heritage professionals. Conservation experts are currently studying the piece, and plans are underway to display it in Caesarea or at a national museum.

Site in the ancient port city of Caesarea

The IAA continues to urge developers and landowners to coordinate in advance with heritage authorities, as salvage excavations like this one often reveal irreplaceable cultural treasures.

So next time you’re playing quarters or stack cup, raise a glass to Dionysus and Hercules—the original players of the ancient world.

Make mersu, the oldest known dessert in history

Make mersu, a divine sweet made for the gods
Make mersu, a divine sweet made for the gods

Mersu (also transliterated mirsu) is a simple, sweet confection made from dates and nuts, with occasional additions like honey or spices. Its earliest written record appears on Old Babylonian cuneiform tablets, dating back over 3,700 years to the time of Hammurabi (circa 1800 BCE). The tab

In Mesopotamia, which is modern day Iraq, the date palm was revered as a symbol of fertility, abundance, and divine favor. Mersu was not an everyday snack—it was crafted by temple cooks and royal pastry chefs as ritual offerings, served during religious festivals and placed in temples as gifts to the gods.

These tablets describe Mersu not as a precise recipe, but as a food category—a kind of sweet lump or cake made from pounded dates and nuts, shaped by hand. Sometimes flavored with ghee, honey, or sesame, these sticky morsels offered both nourishment and symbolism, representing the bounty of the gods and the richness of the land between the Tigris and Euphrates.

Old Assyrian cuneiform tablets from the Yale Babylonian Collection
Old Assyrian cuneiform tablets from the Yale Babylonian Collection

Related: this Iraqi sweet is made from cattail pollen

Authentic Mersu Recipe (Modern Interpretation)

This modern take is adapted from cuneiform-era ingredients. It’s naturally gluten-free, vegan, and requires no cooking—a testament to the timeless ingenuity of ancient foodways.

Ingredients:
1 cup soft, pitted dates preferably Medjool because they are soft and malleable. Other dates might be too dry.

½ cup chopped nuts (e.g., walnuts, pistachios, or almonds)

1–2 tablespoons honey (optional but traditional)

Optional Additions:
A pinch of cinnamon or cardamom

A drizzle of sesame oil or a few crushed sesame seeds

A touch of salt to balance sweetness

Cacao nibs/raw cacao powder

Chia seeds

Make an ancient versions of mamoul, a Middle Eastern date cookie by using an emmer wheat or Einkorn flour covering.

An emmer wheat coating, like a fig newton can be made from these ingredients

  • 1 1/2 teaspoons ground coriander
  • 1 1/2 cup of artisan bread flour and 1 cup of Einkorn flour
  • 2/3 cup ghee
  • 70 g honey
  • 1/2 Teaspoon of rose water

Instructions:
Mash the dates using a mortar and pestle or food processor until smooth and sticky. Our favorite way is to buy a rectangle of date paste. Find it in Middle East or Asian food markets. It makes making mersu so easy!

Mix in the chopped nuts, honey, and any optional spices or seeds.

Form into small balls or patties with your hands—about the size of a walnut.

Serve as is, or roll in extra crushed nuts or sesame for texture.

Serving Notes:
Mersu is energy-dense and sweet—think of it as a Bronze Age power snack.

Serve on a small plate with tea, or offer it as part of a ritual meal to honor the culinary traditions of ancient civilizations.

Some of the earliest references to Mersu appear in the context of offerings to Ishtar (goddess of love and war) and Marduk (chief god of Babylon), suggesting that these sweets were thought to please the divine palate as well as the human one.

The world's first cookbook
The world’s first cookbook

“For me, let them bring in the man of my heart. Let them bring in to me my Ama-ushumgal-anna, the Power of the Date-Palm. Let them put his hand in my hand, let them put his heart by my heart. As hand is put to head, the sleep is so pleasant. As heart is pressed to heart, the pleasure is so sweet.” ~ kunĝar (Sumerian religious song) to Inanna

These are great snacks to make for kids. Keep them in an airtight plastic container in the fridge for weeks. If you have a nut allergy in the school or family, sub out the nuts with seeds. The whole thing is really versatile. Dates are packed with natural sugars, fiber, and essential vitamins like B6, B3, and B5, which support energy, brain health, and metabolism. They also contain vitamin A for vision and immunity, and vitamin K for bone strength and blood clotting. Rich in antioxidants and minerals like potassium and magnesium, dates are a naturally sweet, nutrient-dense food that has sustained people for thousands of years.

New research suggests that vitamins and amino acids like taurine found in health snacks and energy drinks may not be a biohacking secret. They might actually lead to cancer. Follow the secrets of the ancients, and biohack from the past!

If you love this idea, jump ahead where our writer Kelly Milone makes energy balls from dates, and coconut. No doubt her history is informed by mersu!

They're basically ancient versions of mamoul, a Middle Eastern date cookie, and those are really, really good.
Energy date balls

Was Greta Thunberg “kidnapped” by the IDF?

Freedom Flotilla, Gaza, Israel, Greta Thunberg
Israel’s IDF gives the Gaza Freedom Flotilla sandwiches made from Challah bread

“Greta Thunberg is currently on her way to Israel, safe and in good spirits,” says Israel’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs in early hours of the morning.

At around 3 a.m. on Monday morning, the Israeli Navy boarded the Madleen, a small sailboat launched by the Gaza Freedom Flotilla coalition. Branded the “selfie yacht” by Israel’s Foreign Ministry, the vessel was intercepted in international waters and towed to the Port of Ashdod without injury. Shayetet 13, Israel’s elite naval unit, completed the operation peacefully.

But the real battle, as always, was on social media.

As Israeli forces approached, alarms sounded onboard. Activists posted videos claiming they were “surrounded by warships,” that the boat was being “kidnapped,” and that they were now “hostages of Israel.” One participant warned the world via Instagram: “We are being hijacked.”

Meanwhile, the IDF calmly offered water and sandwiches. The Israeli Foreign Ministry called the stunt what it was: a made-for-Instagram performance masquerading as humanitarian action.

Let’s be honest. This wasn’t an aid mission—it was a floating media event. The ship carried less than a truckload of supplies, while Israel, under fire and duress, has facilitated over 1,200 aid trucks into Gaza over the past two weeks. If the mission were truly about delivering help, the organizers would have used the Ashdod route like every NGO on the ground.

The message from the MFA was clear:

“The passengers are expected to return to their home countries. While Greta and others attempted to stage a media provocation whose sole purpose was to gain publicity — and which included less than a single truckload of aid — more than 1,200 aid trucks have entered Gaza from Israel within the past two weeks, and in addition, the Gaza Humanitarian Foundation has distributed close to 11 million meals directly to civilians in Gaza.

“There are ways to deliver aid to the Gaza Strip — they do not involve Instagram selfies. The tiny amount of aid that was on the yacht and not consumed by the “celebrities” will be transferred to Gaza through real humanitarian channels.”

Freedom Flotilla crew as the IDF enters the 18 meter yacht, flying under a French flag as Barcarole
Freedom Flotilla crew as the IDF enters the 18 meter yacht, flying under a French flag as Barcarole

One of the participants on the boat, a French and Syrian citizen, Rima Hassan, a Syrian refugee who came to Niort, France at age 9 and who was recently denied entry into Israel for her denial of October 7 atrocities.

I have been to Syria and it’s such an antisemitic country that when I was there knew I could “actually” be kidnapped if I mentioned just the word Israel or that I had been planning on visiting Israel after my trip to Jordan. Instead, you say Disneyland. Me and my travel companion Cara had spies following us around Aleppo, the same paranoid city from which Rima is from. Syrians are bred to hate Israel and Jews with a passion, and it’s no doubt she has carried vengeance for Israel as she attempted to “break the siege” to enter Gaza.

Rima is abusing the freedom of western values to try and destabilize the Middle East through peddling lies and instigating mentally-challenged people with autism like Greta Thunberg to risk their lives in a cause that is meant to stew breed contempt and harassment of Jewish people globally. Thunberg has since abandoned the cause of climate change.

Other members of the “flotilla” of one include Game of Thrones actor Liam Cunningham—alongside individuals with known ties to pro-Hamas propaganda, and one who attended the funeral of Nasrallah, the head of the Hezbollah terror organization.

The IDF, anticipating the media backlash, made efforts to engage the ship through civilian maritime communication. A video later published showed Israeli officers politely instructing the vessel to redirect to Ashdod, where aid could be legally processed and sent to Gaza.

Instead, the flotilla chose social media confrontation, armed with phone cameras and hashtags set up in advance.

Israeli Defense Minister Israel Katz ordered that Thunberg and the others be shown raw footage of the Hamas-led October 7 massacre so they understand why Israel is trying to return its hostages and remove Hamas from power: “It is appropriate that antisemitic Greta and her fellow Hamas supporters see exactly who they came to support.”

The term “antisemitic” may sound harsh—but this flotilla never mentioned Hamas rockets falling on Israeli kindergartens. It made no distinction between innocent Gazans and genocidal militants. And while Greta amplifies every detail of Israel’s military operations, she remains silent on Iranian executions, Syrian prisons and mass executions of which Rima is very familiar; she doesn’t mention China’s Uyghur gulags or the killing of Yemenis by the Houthis.

You can’t claim the moral high ground while sailing with people who excuse child slaughter. Activism without ethical clarity becomes hate theatre. In this case, it’s dangerous theatre.

At Green Prophet, we believe in environmental justice and human rights. We support Palestinian dignity and freedom—but we reject moral relativism that glosses over terror. You can fight occupation without glorifying those who massacre innocents.

I once interviewed the mayor of Ashkelon Benny Vaknin about a peace initiative he launched nearly 15 years ago. His city borders the Gaza enclave, and he had developed a plan to offer sewage treatment technology—freely—to the people of Gaza. He had secured funding and partners in Brazil, and was prepared to meet the then-mayor of Gaza Maged Abu Ramadan in a neutral location to start the work. But when the Gaza mayor requested permission to travel, Hamas shut it down. Shutting it down by Hamas doesn’t mean they lock your office, it means they threaten your life. That’s the reality: you cannot negotiate with terrorists.

Any form of cooperation with Israel, even for humanitarian projects, is branded as “normalization”—a dirty word in the vocabulary of extremists. It’s not about peace. It’s about control, suppression, and sustaining conflict. Hamas—and the activists who blindly support them—aren’t interested in building a future. They thrive on perpetual division and chaos.

When I called out the so-called “Freedom Flotilla” for what it really was, I was immediately blocked by its organizers. They know that when a white, liberal woman from Europe sees through their narrative and speaks out, it deflates the entire performance. Because that’s what this flotilla was: a performance. Not for peace, but for provocation.

This boat wasn’t hijacked. It hijacked the truth.

Read all our coverage of the Gaza Freedom Flotilla here.

Lesser Known Ways To Economize On Groceries

Supermarket shopping

With food prices rising, many of us are thinking of ways to save money and still eat well. Try some of these lesser-known ways.

Go shopping in your pantry. Sometimes we’re so used to seeing something that we don’t even see it anymore. What’s with that pasta, that can of tuna, that jar of olives lurking in the pantry? Plug those ingredients into a recipe developer tool. There are many online. You’ll find recipes like pasta al tonno, which is served hot. With a drizzle of olive oil or mayonnaise, the same ingredients could make a cool summer pasta salad.

Respect your leftovers. It’s tried but true advice. Shred leftover chicken, meat, hardboiled eggs, or fish to use as filling for a sandwich. Stash leftover salad in the fridge right away and pick on it soon, before it gets too sad. Leftovers are simply food.

Check your local grocery store’s website for flash sales or overstock discounts. These opportunities aren’t always announced on the app or flyer.

Take time to compare unit prices (price per ounce, liter, etc.) between brands or sizes. Is that extra-size pack of toilet paper really cheaper, or does it cost the same as buying two? For online shopping, a quick glance at the unit prices under the ads answers that. In supermarkets, the unit price is often seen on a red tag next to the retail price.

Will you waste it in the end? If your purchase of, say, broccoli is too great for your immediate needs, cook it all but freeze the excess rather than letting it sit in the fridge waiting to get cooked sometime.

If your market offers unattractive produce at a reduced rate, snap it up. Take it home, pare away anything unsightly, and cook it. Our recipe for lettuce soup was born of a wilted lettuce whose heart was still sound. I recently made excellent apricot jam from a basket of soft, but unspoiled apricots that was going cheap.

Make apricot jam

Markets often lower prices on perishables just before restocking. Ask when your local place does this; often it’s on Tuesday or Wednesday evening.

groceries

Look in on ethnic stores. If you’re lucky enough to shop where an local ethnic population goes, you might find better prices on grains, canned goods, and kitchenware.

There may not be a co-op shop nearby, but you can still buy in bulk. Keep an eye on stores, markets, and even individual manufacturers that advertise foods sold in bulk for a good price. Some shops are happy to discount a product sold in quantity if you approach them first. Be bold: ask them.

Maybe you’re on your own, or too few in the house to make a bulk purchase seem worthwhile. Think again. Get together with friends or with work colleagues and split the purchase. That way you get only as much as you need, instead of having too much product around for too long.

Make your own co-op?

An informal co-op takes a little organization. Every participant states how much they want to take home from the purchase; this is written down and shared to prevent misunderstandings later on. Then, someone must receive or pick up the goods and weigh them out. A scale or other way of measuring is needed. Then, everyone brings their own container to take their part away. The manager of the purchase shouldn’t have to deal with getting containers.

As for payment, it’s best that everyone pay their part upfront, but an equitable agreement should be worked out among trustworthy people.

I did this kind of group purchase when a local olive oil press offered a bulk discount. A jerry can containing 20 liters (5.28 gallons) came to the door. I had a scale for measuring, but a clean pitcher with the quantities marked off would have done as well. With a cheap hand siphon to draw the olive oil out, it all went quickly and everyone was happy.

I’ve also bought flour in bulk through a similar informal co-op. Luckily the flour mill delivered it in neat kilo-sized packages; I’m not sure I would have tackled measuring and packing flour in my own kitchen.

bag of flour

You can also split a case of wine or beer from the liquor store with friends, if the manager allows a bulk discount. Booze bought from the brewery is still cheaper, of course.

Avoid Over-Shopping and Waste

Skip recipes that call for one-time-use ingredients. If a recipe calls for an expensive special ingredient, consider if you’ll likely use it again. No point keeping a jar or can of a specialty item around once it’s been opened, unless you’re sure you’ll repeat the dish or use the item in some other recipe. Ask me: I once kept a jar of capers languishing in the fridge until they gave up.

Don’t linger in the center of the shop, where the packaged goods aisles are. There’s where looms the temptation to do some impulse buying. First head for the fresh produce sections, which are deliberately placed at the edges and at the end of the shop, so you have to walk through the more expensive packaged goods first. If your list includes something from the packaged food aisles, pick up what you need and ignore what’s beckoning to you from the other shelves.

the aisle of junk
Be wise with sales. If the price is down because the product’s expiry date is coming up, consider if you’ll be using it soon. However, you might buy it anyway and freeze it for later.

Do you really need that? An item might look tempting, but if you don’t really need the product, walk on by. Even if it’s on sale. Disregard the junk so temptingly set out by the check point. Just unfocus your eyes.

Forget pre-shredded salads, packaged soups, industrially produced condiments and other convenience foods. Buy fresh ingredients and make these foods yourself. Yes, it takes time. No, it’s not as convenient. But nothing beats DIY for freshness, flavor, and money saved.

Even coffee is cheapest and most delicious brewed at home. It’s faster to percolate your own, then pour it into a thermos for drinking on the go, than to stand in line at the local coffee chain and wait for them to call your name. Not to mention: cheaper.

Following that thought, consider setting time aside for meal prep and condiments. Instead of scrolling through social media, make soup. Bake muffins. Cook up tomato sauce; it takes 20 minutes to put hot pasta on the table if you have tomato sauce at hand. Whizz up some pesto.

home made pesto

Freeze surplus in single- or double-serving portions. It’s easy to thaw them out in the microwave or on the stovetop. You’ll thank yourself later.

Lastly: cook what you buy, and eat what you cook.

How EcoPeace Uses Environmental Education to Bridge Borders in the Jordan Valley

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picture of teachers being taught and they are learning togethor.
EcoPeace’s Teacher Workshop

In a region long marked by political divides, armed conflict, and environmental degradation, EcoPeace Middle East is quietly advancing the power of peacebuilding. Peace through education. Through its cross-border teacher tours in the Jordan Valley, EcoPeace is bringing together educators from Israel, Jordan, and the Palestinian territories to address critical environmental issues.

EcoPeace has offices in Tel Aviv, Israel; Amman, Jordan; and Ramallah, located in the West Bank. It exists as one of the only organizations working together across these three locations. Their goal is ambitious, complex, and challenging: to utilize environmental challenges as a catalyst for regional cooperation. For two decades, their work has been shaped by a truth that transcends borders.

See Related Article: EcoPeace gets peacebuilding award

The Jordan River, stretching from the heights of Mount Hermon to the lowest point on Earth’s surface—the Dead Sea—is a symbol of biodiversity, religion, and culture. However, it has suffered from decades, if not centuries, of abuse. For years, raw sewage from countries, Jordan, Israel, and the Palestinian territories, has been poured into its waters. More than 600,000 Jordanians and 60,000 Palestinians continue to discharge waste into the river basin. Additionally, multiple dams have altered the flow and the stretch of the river downstream from the Sea of Galilee, which is significantly polluted. 

Stretch of the Jordan River

 

Yet, the mindsets and actions of those living in areas surrounding the Jordan River are undergoing a change. Israeli initiatives are invested in cleaner water, infrastructure, and sewage treatment. Both state-led and NGO efforts drive this renewed focus on the restoration. These efforts are slowly but surely transforming once-over-polluted areas into zones of rehabilitation, use, and recreation. Increased cooperation, driven by EcoPeace, has allowed for coordinated responses to the shared environmental threat. These cooperation efforts are not only cleaning the Jordan River, but are also creating new channels for positive regional dialogue.

One of the most effective ways EcoPeace advances its mission is by targeting educators. Each year, the organization hosts educational conferences specifically designed for teachers, primarily those in biology, ecology, and related fields. Approximately 25 teachers from Israel, Jordan, and Palestine participate in each session. These sessions focus not only on the Jordan River being a shared resource and a symbol of regional interdependence, but also on the importance of preserving it. Additionally, they focus on the interactions between teachers from the conflicting groups.

They are designed to create empathy, cooperation, and inspire teachers to integrate transboundary environmental programming into their curriculum. Each session is followed up by support and guidance on how to engage students with the environmental peacebuilding material. Workshops used to take place in Jordan, with all participants traveling there. However, due to the ongoing war between Israel and Hamas, sessions are now held in Cyprus.

The teacher workshops and tours serve as a platform for both learning and dialogue. Regional-political complexities are not ignored; they are engaged, debated, and discussed. However, the program encourages participants to look beyond national and media narratives to instead focus on the common good. Helping educate the youth to provide a better environmental future. When teachers from Tel Aviv, Amman, and Ramallah examine the same stretch of polluted river, it creates a shared experience. The shared concern for the Jordan River, as well as other environmental issues, and, on a larger scale, the region, becomes the foundation for a deeper understanding.

EcoPeace’s work is not limited to the Jordan Valley. The organization is also active along the Alexander Stream and near the Dead Sea. Both areas, like the Jordan River, face enormous environmental stress. What all of these locations have in common is that all three participants within EcoPeace are affected. Both geographical ties and responsibility ties interconnect the Middle East. The typical mindset of “It is someone else’s problem” does not work. It takes teachers, the youth, and the region as a whole to come together to solve these problems because they are everyone’s.

EcoPeace’s strategy is dual, combining both bottom-up and top-down approaches. The bottom-up approach focuses on the aforementioned teacher workshops and trickles down education to the youth. The top-down approach focuses on EcoPeace’s efforts to collaborate with government officials and decision-makers, aiming to influence policy and regional environmental practices. 

The organization has been instrumental in advancing the “Green Blue Deal.” This is a project that entails Israel providing desalinated water to Jordan in exchange for energy. This is made possible due to Israel’s experience and expertise in desalination plants, along with Jordan’s expansive geographic area for solar and wind farms. Projects like this are designed to foster interdependence, where both countries rely on each other for mutual benefit. With interdependence comes cooperation, and with cooperation comes increased normalcy in relations.

 

Ma'an Wind Farm
Ma’an Wind Farm in Jordan

Even amid rising tensions and conflicts, EcoPeace remains committed to its mission. In the aftermath of the October 7th attacks carried out by the terrorist organization known as Hamas, the organization maintained communication across all offices. Staff members checked in on colleagues from all sides, underscoring their commitment to preserving connection even during times of conflict.

See Related Article: The wind farms of the Middle East

The resilience of the educational programs is astounding. While many participants may enter tours with skepticism or strong preconceived notions, they often leave with new perspectives and a deeper appreciation. While political solutions remain improbable, educational ones are already in motion. 

See Related Article: The Blue Green Deal and climate pacts between enemies

EcoPeace aims to expand the teacher programs and increase its reach in the coming years. With more than 1,000 students already directly impacted by the initiative, the organization utilizes teachers as ambassadors for environmental peacemaking.

In a region where peace is scarce, EcoPeace offers a solution—one where educators plant the seeds of coexistence. 

To learn more about EcoPeace’s educational programs and environmental peacebuilding efforts, visit https://ecopeaceme.org.



Meet Hyphyn, the First Biodegradable Performance Upholstery

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In an industry often criticized for waste and pollution, a revolutionary material is changing the narrative. Hyphyn, the first biodegradable performance vinyl, is setting a new standard for sustainable design—without sacrificing the durability that businesses, designers, and institutions have come to rely on.

Related: What we know about the Freedom Flotilla

Engineered with a patented enzyme system and a proprietary resin blend, Hyphyn performs like the commercial-grade vinyl used in high-traffic settings—offices, hospitals, hotels, schools—but offers something no other vinyl can: it breaks down responsibly at the end of its life. In landfill conditions, over 90% of Hyphyn biodegrades within two years. No microplastics. No toxic legacy.

“True innovation isn’t just about creating something new—it’s about rethinking what’s possible,” says Iwan Nassimi, Executive Vice President at Nassimi, the company behind Hyphyn. “We reimagined vinyl’s entire lifecycle.”

Traditional vinyl is prized for its low cost, resilience, and cleanability. But it lingers in landfills for generations, shedding microplastics and leaching chemicals. Hyphyn disrupts that cycle. This new material gives sustainability-minded designers and specifiers a powerful alternative—one that doesn’t require compromising on performance. Hyphyn maintains the strength, finish, and easy maintenance of traditional vinyl, but degrades only when it reaches a landfill, where its embedded enzymes activate, breaking the material down into inert gases. These gases are then captured and turned into energy—a rare win-win in waste management.

“Hyphyn isn’t just about where a product begins or how it performs,” adds Nassimi. “It’s about where it ends up—and what it leaves behind.”

Hyphyn will debut at the Sustainability Lab during NeoCon 2025, June 9–11, and will be showcased at select distributors in THE MART, including Arc-Com, CF Stinson, Mayer Fabrics, Momentum Textiles & Wallcovering, Pallas Textiles, and Wolf Gordon.

Greta Thunberg Sails Toward Gaza as Israeli Navy Prepares Interception

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Freedom Flotilla Boat, Greta Thunberg, Titantic
Freedom Flotilla Boat, Greta Thunberg, Titantic

Climate activist Greta Thunberg is aboard a Gaza-bound humanitarian flotilla (of one) now navigating the eastern Mediterranean, as the Israeli navy signals it is prepared to intercept the vessels enforcing what it calls a “security naval blockade.”

The boat is expected to arrive close to Gaza tomorrow.

Related: What we know about the Freedom Flotilla

The voyage—part environmental, part humanitarian, and wholly political—is shaping into another high-stakes confrontation at sea.

According to the Garmin tracker on the boat, the Barcole schooner is headed straight for the Ashdod port, suggested that some diplomatic agreement has already been discussed and agreed upon for optics. Had the boat marked Port Said, they’d likely get stopped by the Egyptian army, which has no history of kindness, when it comes to saving or helping boats in distress.

The Garmin tracker is closing in on its goal of going to Gaza. The boat has marked Ashdod Port as its final destination, suggesting that a diplomatic agreement has been made for optics.
The Garmin tracker is closing in on its goal of going to Gaza. The boat has marked Ashdod Port as its final destination, suggesting that a diplomatic agreement has been made for optics.

The flotilla, organized by the Freedom Flotilla Coalition, departed from the Italian port of Catania on June 1 and includes only vessel, confusingly, with two names, the Madleen and the Barcarole, sailing under a UK flag. On board are pro-Palestinian activists, including a Swedish and French citizen, one diplomat, and Greta Thunberg—now one of the most visible figures in the climate and social justice movement.

The ships are carrying what organizers describe as urgently needed aid: baby formula, rice, water desalination kits, women’s sanitary products, medical equipment, and prosthetics for children. Before heading south, the Madleen reportedly picked up Sudanese refugees in a symbolic move connecting global displacement crises.

“We are delivering hope and supplies where governments have failed,” said a spokesperson for the coalition. “This voyage is also a message: the blockade is not just illegal—it is lethal.”

The vessel carries 12 pro-Palestinian activists from the UK, France, Sweden, and other countries. Among them is French Member of the European Parliament Rima Hassan, who previously described the October 7th massacre as a “legitimate act.”

In an interview with the Sunday Times, Thunberg said that participants in the so-called “Freedom Flotilla” are in “high spirits” as they approach Gaza and they plan on live-streaming the interception with Israel’s navy commanders:

“We are aware of the risks, but we chose to sail because the real danger lies in remaining silent in the face of genocide,” she claimed. Following an aerial attack on a previous flotilla vessel in international waters near Malta six weeks ago, organizers arranged for a Greek drone and naval monitoring to accompany the current voyage.

Hassan posted on X (formerly Twitter) that the “Israeli army is preparing to intercept and seize the vessel using missile boats and Shayetet 13 naval commandos.”

The Israel Defense Forces (IDF) released a statement in reply to Green Prophet’s questions on how it will react:

“The IDF enforces the security naval blockade on the Gaza Strip and is prepared for a wide range of scenarios, which it will act upon in accordance with the directives of the political echelon,” the IDF spokesperson told Green Prophet. “We have nothing more to add.”

The blockade, first implemented in 2007 following Hamas’s takeover of Gaza, has been widely criticized by international human rights groups for contributing to what the UN now calls a humanitarian catastrophe. Since the October 7, 2023 attacks and Israel’s subsequent war in Gaza, aid access has been sporadic and heavily restricted.

Last month, Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu authorized what he called “basic humanitarian aid” into Gaza. But on the ground, fuel shortages, infrastructure collapse, and ongoing military operations have left much of the aid bottlenecked or inaccessible. This is mainly due to the Hamas terror group calling the shots within the enclave.

While Israel has urged the UK to prevent the Barcarole—a UK-flagged ship—from approaching Gaza’s waters, the British Embassy staff in Tel Aviv told Green Prophet it is currently checking if there will be any diplomatic efforts regarding the issue. They did not get back to us.

So far, no formal action has been announced, and both London and Paris have issued recent statements condemning the ongoing restrictions on humanitarian aid to Gaza. British and French leaders have warned that unless conditions improve, “concrete actions” may follow.

The Freedom Flotilla Coalition has launched similar efforts over the past 15 years, most famously the Mavi Marmara mission in 2010, during which Israeli commandos killed nine activists on a Turkish-flagged aid ship attempting to reach Gaza. That incident led to a diplomatic rupture between Israel and Turkey and triggered international investigations. On the Israeli side of the investigation improvised weapons were found on the boat and were used to attack the Israeli commandos, Israel asserted.

This time, the flotilla is more modest, and hundreds of boats have not joined them as they hoped, but the symbolism is powerful: Greta Thunberg—representing a generation of young, justice-oriented global activists—has placed herself at the heart of a decades-old conflict.

Her recent social media post from aboard the Madleen reads: “Let Gaza Live.”

For Green Prophet, the story of this flotilla is more than political theatre. It reflects the intersection of climate, conflict, and displacement—a convergence already visible across the region. With Gaza’s aquifers salinized, electricity grid collapsed, and agricultural systems destroyed, climate collapse in Gaza is not a future threat—it is a present condition.

Years ago when a peace-making desalinating plant was proposed, along with funding, Hamas sabotaged the Gaza mayor by not letting him leave the enclave to meet partners in Europe.

Greta’s presence isn’t just about humanitarian supplies. It’s about bearing witness to what happens when environmental injustice meets conflict

Green Prophet will continue to monitor the story as it unfolds.

Taurine in energy drinks may harm, not help: new study

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Examples of Energy Drinks with Taurine:Red Bull: Contains around 1,038 mg per 8.3 oz can. Rockstar: 2,000 mg per 16 oz can. Monster: 2,000 mg per 16 oz can. Celsius: Around 1,810 mg per 12 oz can (part of a proprietary blend). Alani Nu: 2,000 mg per 12 oz can. Bang, Accelerator, Tab Energy, Go Girl Sugar-Free, Ghost Energy: Also contain taurine.
Taurine added to energy drinks

Everything in moderation, as common sense advice goes. It’s especially true when it comes to food. But people want to live forever and are buying promises of energy drinks with amino acids such as taurine, with the aim of living forever, or at least a decade longer is now in fashion.

Related: energy drinks and why to avoid them

The amino acid taurine is one of the basic building blocks of the proteins in our bodies and plays multiple other roles in biology. Previous research has suggested that low levels of taurine may signal—or even drive—aging, but a new longitudinal study by Rafael de Cabo and his team at the US National Institute on Aging (NIA) says the answer is more complicated in a new paper, published in Science.

“We clearly show that there’s no need for taurine supplementation as long as you have a healthy diet,” says Rafael de Cabo, a gerontologist at the NIA.

And one study a few months ago suggests that taking taurine-supplemented drinks or vitamins could cause harm if you have leukemia.

Related: why Muslims don’t drink alcohol

A new study out of the University of Rochester’s Wilmot Cancer Institute has raised serious concerns about taurine—a popular amino acid commonly added to energy drinks—potentially accelerating certain blood and bone marrow cancers rather than promoting longevity.

Researchers led by Dr. Jeevisha Bajaj found that while healthy bone marrow cells naturally produce taurine, leukemia cells can’t make it themselves. Instead, they import taurine using genes like SLC6A6, dubbed the taurine transporter.

In both human leukemia cell cultures and mouse models, this imported taurine enhanced glycolysis—the breaking down of glucose for energy—and in turn helped cancer cells thrive.

For people with leukemia: Taurine intake—via supplements, energy drinks, or intravenous use—may not be benign. The researchers suggest that limiting taurine exposure could slow disease progression, and propose future studies to monitor taurine levels in leukemia patients.

For the general public: While current evidence does not indicate taurine causes leukemia in healthy individuals, experts caution that mice models may not fully predict human risk.

Examples of Energy Drinks with Taurine:

  • Red Bull: Contains around 1,038 mg per 8.3 oz can.
  • Rockstar: 2,000 mg per 16 oz can.
  • Monster: 2,000 mg per 16 oz can.
  • Celsius: Around 1,810 mg per 12 oz can (part of a proprietary blend).
  • Alani Nu: 2,000 mg per 12 oz can.
  • Bang, Accelerator, Tab Energy, Go Girl Sugar-Free, Ghost Energy: Also contain taurine. 

A new food safe blue called jagua can help save Colombian forests

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A new blue from the jagua fruit
A new blue from the jagua fruit
Synthetic food dyes should be avoided in everything we eat. But a true blue natural food dye was missing –– until now. It comes from a fruit about the size of a kiwi or a guava, growing on a semi-deciduous tree called the Genipa americana in the forests of Colombia. Opening a new chapter in the chronicle of food safety, it’s a “holy grail” in the food industry, the first ever blue food colouring to be natural in origin and resistant to acids. Let’s hope new interest in it will help protect forests, not cut them down.
When the pulp of the unripe jagua fruit is exposed to air, it turns dark blue in colour. The pigment has been widely used by various Indigenous Peoples in South America to paint their skin and dye their clothes, ceramics and some foods.
Now it’s been hailed by the food industry as the one remaining natural food colour needed to complete the entire spectrum. It was recently included in the Codex Alimentarius, or “Food Code”, a collection of standards, guidelines and codes of practices.
The jagua blue food colouring was developed in Colombia by a private company that set about creating and collecting the data needed for the scientific assessment of the safety of this food additive.
After a thorough scientific evaluation and confirmation that it was a product for which there was a need, jagua blue has been permitted for use under the Codex standard governing food additives, which covers everything from confectionery to breakfast cereals.
For Colombia, the jagua blue standard is a big deal. Officials there predict that the inclusion of jagua blue in the Codex Alimentarius can help improve the economic wellbeing of Indigenous Peoples who have used the colorant for generations. Particularly hoping to benefit are the Emberá Indigenous Peoples, many of whom have traditionally lived on the riverbanks of the densely forested northwestern Chocó region.
Whatever the production model, Colombia hopes the safety standard can open up new markets and opportunities as well as drive biodiversity conservation and the adoption of sustainable agricultural practices.
internationally has grown exponentially.

A guide to solar farms on a farm

Farming under solar panels
Farming under solar panels. Bees and sheep are next.

Solar farms are often set in large desert areas, as it’s believed that not much happens in the desert. We know this is not true and all manners of life are impacted even in what looks like a dead desert. Ivanpah in California found birds, lizards and all sorts of plants that grow in the desert. Common sense people wonder about solar panels on the farm and why can’t they work? Farmers probably see it as a means to slow down farm efficiency, but a new model of success shows how solar panels and farms can work together.

At the Alliant Energy Solar Farm at Iowa State University, a 10-acre facility south of Ames, an interdisciplinary team of researchers is entering the second year of a four-year project to study agrivoltaics – agricultural use of land that’s also home to solar panels.

One of the main questions the researchers are exploring is whether growing food crops is compatible with solar arrays, using the tools and techniques needed to make produce farms viable and reliable – basics such as irrigation, fertilization, machinery, and weed and pest management. The answer is a resounding yes, said horticulture professor and chair Ajay Nair, one of the project’s leaders.

“One thing we’ve for sure found out is we can grow vegetables on a commercial scale on a solar farm. Period. There’s no doubt about it. We have demonstrated the practical aspects of an operation such as this will clearly work,” he said.

In the first year, the vegetable crops included broccoli, summer squash and bell peppers. While broccoli between the panels was a little smaller than in control plots, summer squash and peppers within the solar panel area produced better, Nair said. Additional years of growing data will be needed to draw firm conclusions, but the researchers think planting produce between panels could offer some relief from summer’s hottest days.

When partial shade can be an advantage to crops

Cows and solar panels
Cows and solar panels, via 8point9

“We know that vegetables need full sun. That’s true, but in July and August it can cause stress. Partial shade may help some plants cope,” he said.

It was too early to tell if the strawberries, raspberries, grapes and honeyberries fared better with some shade, as they typically don’t produce a full crop in their first year. But the fruit plants under the panels appeared to establish well, Nair said.

The project, which is funded by a $1.8 million grant from the U.S. Department of Energy, has attracted more attention than the researchers expected. The grant calls for two to three outreach events per year, but roughly 40 different groups visited the farm in 2024. The list of tours included students, growers, nonprofits, government officials, utility companies and other interested researchers. Some came from as far away as Africa and Australia.

Part of the draw has been the project’s public-private partnership. Alliant Energy built, owns and operates the solar farm, which has 3,300 panels capable of generating nearly 1.4 megawatts of electricity – enough to power about 200 homes at maximum capacity. Iowa State owns and leases to Alliant Energy the underlying land, which is part of the university’s animal science teaching and research farms.

“This solar farm advances the concept that land can be used for energy production and agriculture, while also delivering the energy solutions our Alliant Energy customers and communities can count on in a unique way,” said Nick Peterson.

“It’s been so critical to show how a utility can work with a landowner and farmers. Without that level of partnership, none of the other of things could have happened,” said O’Neal, the Henry A. Wallace Co-Chair for Sustainable Agriculture.

The agrivoltaics team has numerous plans for expanding in 2025. Research plots will now include land between fixed-angle solar panels, after focusing in 2024 solely on the tilting panels that track with the sun. Tomatoes are a new addition, and more pollinator habitat is planned, benefitting the on-site beehives included in the study.

Researchers also are looking to intensify efforts to optimize yield, such as more aggressive pest control.

The first-year production data will be analyzed by John Tyndall, a professor of natural resource ecology and management, who is developing enterprise budgeting resources to show growers the potential of a solar farm produce operation.

“Not only can you produce at these sites, but in some cases you can produce more. That’s big,” O’Neal said. “We’ll have a nice robust data set to help farmers who want to do this.”

To help manage and build upon public interest in the project, a donor funded the hiring of an outreach coordinator, Michael Killewald. That’s paved the way for a series of open houses starting June 27.

Want a tour? Online registration is required.

Team members – and their colleagues across campus – are also thinking about other research projects that would be a fit. Some animal science faculty hope to study livestock grazing under the solar panels, for instance.

These glasses see microplastics on the farm

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Plastics at the farm
Microplastics are inside everything. New research makes a set of glasses to see what’s lurking on farmland

Microplastics are now in our food, baby placentas, and in the brains of teens who use plastic aligners. They are blowing in the wind getting to our lungs, they are in the fish and plants and food we eat and the impact is just being noticed and understood in areas like cancer and dementia.

Microplastics are bits of plastic smaller than 5mm, and while we follow people like Boylan Slat and the Great Ocean Cleanup, the amount of plastics rolling around on farmland isn’t that well studied. These particles can disrupt soil structure, alter microbial communities that help transport soil nutrients to the plants, and even protect them. The plastic can be eaten by wheat and corn and beans, entering the food chain.

Sheep eat plastic, and you eat the sheep

Conventional detection methods, such as sample taken and looking under a microscope to count the bits is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and often ineffective at identifying small particles, making them impractical for large-scale monitoring.

But science to the rescue. Researchers at Clemson University and the USDA Agricultural Research Service have developed a new kind of space age glasses for seeing plastics in farms from above. The glasses “see” using what they call a hyperspectral imaging technique.

Plastic threads from warfare drones contaminate a farmer field in the Ukraine
Plastic threads from warfare drones contaminate a farmer field in the Ukraine

The scientists study tested two types of short-wave infrared sensors on soil samples spiked with microplastics and evaluated their performance using advanced machine learning models. This system stood out for its ability to detect both polyethylene and polyamide particles – even at extremely low levels of 0.01-0.1% – offering a fast, accurate, and field-adaptable method for identifying soil microplastic contamination.

Why is this important? Many farmlands rely on mulch that is full of plastic. Think about the organic recycling programs that accept adult and baby diapers in the compost. This goes back to farming fields. Think about irrigation pipes and plastic sheets put on strawberry fields. Knowing what’s in the ground can help science and policy makers figure out how to stop negative effects.

Plastic on every farm, even on bales of hay

“This study marks a significant advance in our ability to track microplastic contamination in terrestrial ecosystems,” said Dr. Bosoon Park, “The ability to screen soils quickly and non-destructively holds great promise for agricultural sustainability and environmental protection.”

Yosef Abramowitz: The Israeli Bringing the Sun to the World’s Darkest Places

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Yosef Abramowitz, founder of Gigawatt Global, clean energy, solar fields, solar energy, speaking to crowd.
Yosef Abramowitz, CEO of Gigawat Global Credit: Nicole Kaplan

Meet Yosef Abramowitz, CEO of Gigawatt Global, bringing clean solar energy to millions around the world

Yosef Abramowitz, known also as Kaptain Sunshine, is an American-Israeli solar activist and developer.  As a child, Abramowitz lived in Israel. However, during a brief couple of years back in America during the Yom Kippur War, Abramovitz faced confusion. Outside his Massachusetts window sat a gas station with a line wrapping around the block. The long line was a result of the conflict in the Middle East and the 1973 Arab Oil Embargo. Abramowitz’s confusion stemmed from this: how could America and the rest of the world rely on an unrenewable energy source as volatile as this? After this moment, Yosef sought change. While Jimmy Carter was installing solar panels in the White House, Abramowitz was working on early science fair solar projects. Eventually, his work and passion for Israel led him back to the country where he would do his most impactful work yet.

In 2006, after arriving at Kibbutz Ketura to attend the Arava Institute for Environmental Studies, Yosef Abramowitz stepped out of his van with the last rays of the golden sun shining down on the scorching Arava Desert. In the dying sunset, he found his light. Abramowitz and his associates founded the Arava solar fields. During its 2010 inception, students, researchers, and other individuals from over 58 countries came to learn. Out of this work came Gigawatt Global and the company’s mission of being a “…multinational renewable energy company focused on the development and management of utility-scale solar fields in emerging markets.”

The goal was clear. Bring climate justice to the communities that need it most.

See Related Article: Energiya Global to solar power up 8% of Rwanda using clean energy

Gigawatt Global and its CEO, Abramowitz, have brought power to some of the most impoverished and energy-deficient countries in the world, with Rwanda, Nigeria, and South Sudan being just a few examples of the hard-to-reach places where they work.

Through his work, Abramowitz has had a significant impact. In Burundi, one of the world’s poorest countries, Abramowitz and his team successfully brought solar energy to half a million people. Another example of the extent of his beneficial humanitarian work comes from Rwanda, where he brought power to the Agahozo-Shalom Youth Village. The village is home to orphans of the Rwandan genocide. “It’s both a mitzvah and a business,” Abramowitz says.

Gigawatt Global solar field in Rwanda
Rwanda Gigawatt Global Project

So, how does he do it? Abramowitz used to get support from the American Government. However, a majority of his funding comes from Blended Finance. This means that his monetary support comes from both public and private donors and investors. Abramowitz is always seeking international support, as well as funding from financial institutions such as the World Bank.

Abramowitz employs what he calls the Quadruple Bottom Line Impact Platform when bringing solar energy to countries with limited resources and infrastructure. While not the primary driver, each project must provide returns for investors. While these returns may not turn a massive profit, projects must ensure financial viability. Second, every project contributes to climate mitigation. Using solar energy not only provides energy to those in need but also reduces carbon emissions and air pollution associated with previously used, dirty, combustible fuels. Third is the humanitarian and social impact that a project will provide for its community. Finally, solar development can strengthen relationships between countries. It can build trust in fragile states and open doors for diplomacy.

See Related Article: Founders of Israel’s Arava to Solarize Developing Countries

Why does he do it? It may be hard to understand why someone would want to take on the challenges that Abramowitz does. He is not taking the easy projects. He is not developing solar fields in Europe, the Americas, or other developed nations. Abramowitz is going places that nobody else is going to. Not because of money, even though it is there, but because of his values. Abramowitz values Tikkun Olam, the act of repairing the world. Through his solar projects, he is helping the most vulnerable people on Earth, doing his part to make a difference. He emphasized the privilege that Western countries have. He also realizes that there are already help and resources available for these places and that there are numerous opportunities to do good outside of the established market.

It is not all sunshine for Kaptain Sunshine. Many of the places he is going are politically and infrastructurally fragile. This means that Abramowitz and his associates need to remain steadfast in their morals. It is essential to Abramowitz that he bring power to those in need. However, he will walk away if the corruption and values of those he is helping cannot align with his values.

However, Abramowitz strongly emphasized that the people he meets in Africa and around the world —the ordinary people —are the reason he does what he does. When the going gets tough, he remembers who he is working for. Not for a nation, government, or political party. For the people.

Children in Rwanda looking at solar panel
Rwandan children admiring a Gigawatt Global solar panel

There is a significant intersectionality at play in Abramowitz’s work. He described how bringing power to a country uplifts it in many other ways. Food storage, communication, and information are just a few benefits that come with energy. With these benefits, many are given a chance to succeed. In places where terror runs rampant, energy projects are run through communities to prevent them from becoming corrupted.

Yosef Abramowitz is a visionary, humanitarian, and innovator. Not only did Abramowitz help facilitate Israel’s transition to become more environmentally friendly. He helped make the world not only a cleaner place by introducing solar energy, but also a better place by bringing it to those who need it most. Following Theodor Herzl’s idea that “If you will it, it is no dream,” Abramowitz continues his dream of bringing energy to all.

:: Gigawatt Global

What we know about the Barcarole “Freedom Flotilla” boat heading to Gaza with Greta Thunberg

Freedom Flotilla Boat, Greta Thunberg, Titantic
Freedom Flotilla Boat, Greta Thunberg, Titantic

As the world’s most iconic—and polarizing—climate activist, Greta Thunberg documents her “Titanic-like” moments aboard the Barcarole, a boat renamed Madleen by its crew, Israel’s IDF has confirmed she will not be allowed to dock in Gaza. While Israeli authorities reportedly considered allowing the vessel to land, they ultimately declined, fearing it would set a precedent that could be replicated by others.

Related: Was Greta Thunberg kidnapped by the IDF?

The IDF spokesperson desk told Green Prophet: “The IDF enforces the security naval blockade on the Gaza Strip and is prepared for a wide range of scenarios, which it will act upon in accordance with the directives of the political echelon.”

Green Prophet tracked down the phone number listed as the “owner” of the boat, the Barcarole, not the Madleen as it’s painted on the boat. Our intern reporter Max Izaks called the number and a man picked up who didn’t seem to understand English. He said he was not on the boat.

“He sounded confused and I tried asking him a bunch of quick questions and he didn’t really know what I meant. He sounded Middle Eastern maybe,” says Izaks.

The single boat carrying 12 crew members departed from Catania, Sicily, on June 2, aiming to break the blockade of Gaza and deliver much-needed medical aid. Despite its lone status, the mission is being referred to as a “Freedom Flotilla” by supporters. Listed in maritime records as Barcarole, the British-flagged, Dutch-built schooner is typically docked in Lac du Bois de la Cambre, Belgium. The schooner was built in 1974.

A photo taken en route today by an Artur Skipper, shows the sails down, suggested the sail boat is cruising by diesel engine.

Gaza freedom flotilla? Virtue signaling or a real impactful protest?
Gaza freedom flotilla of one boat. When there is no wind the 18x5m boat runs on a 170hp diesel fueled engine.

The 18-meter-long schooner, built by VAN DAM NORDIA in the Netherlands, is powered by a 170 hp Ecotec diesel engine and cruises at about 5.6 knots (approximately 10.4 km/h). While it can sail, the vessel reportedly relies on engine power when wind is absent. It is equipped with modern amenities including air conditioning and a television.

Israeli military officials expect the boat to arrive within a week. At least one of the activists on board has previously been denied entry into Israel. According to a statement published in Hebrew media, the IDF plans to intercept the vessel and escort it to the Port of Ashdod, where the activists will likely be apprehended and deported. Defense Minister Israel Katz is expected to make final decisions later this week.

Freedom Flotilla tracker on route to Gaza, June 5, 2025 expected to arrive in Gaza in less than a week

“The IDF is prepared to operate on all fronts, including the maritime arena,” said Brig.-Gen. Effie Defrin. “We will act accordingly.”

The UK, whose flag the Barcarole flies, maintains a diplomatic mission in Israel and supports cultural exchange programs between the two nations. If the boat is found to be violating maritime law or bilateral agreements, this could potentially spark a diplomatic dispute.

Green Prophet tried calling the number listed as the cell phone link to the boat, but the person who picked up said he was not on the flotilla.

Carbon Footprint of the Voyage

Palestine, Freedom flotilla Palestinian flags while watching a large sailboat in the sea. The boat also displays Palestinian flags and appears to be part of a pro-Palestinian flotilla. The scene takes place on
Supporters wave Palestinian flags as the Freedom Flotilla, carrying activists including Greta Thunberg, sets sail toward Gaza

Assuming the boat runs under continuous engine power with no use of sails, the estimated carbon emissions for the voyage from Catania to Gaza—approximately 1,050 nautical miles—would total 17.1 metric tons of CO₂. This assumes 6,375 liters of diesel consumed over 7.8 days of travel at 5.6 knots.

Factoring in a 15% deviation for weather routing and a 10% increase for hotel load (e.g., air conditioning and electronics), total emissions rise to approximately 20.7 metric tons of CO₂—equivalent to the annual carbon footprint of two average Europeans.

It is assumed the bilge of the boat is emptied into the sea.

Who is onboard the Freedom Flotilla and what are their nationalities?

There are 12 activists on board the Barcarole/Madleen:

  • Greta Thunberg – Swedish climate activist
  • Rima Hassan – French-Palestinian Member of European Parliament (recently denied entry to Israel at Ben Gurion Airport)
  • Yasemin Acar – Germany
  • Baptiste Andre – France
  • Thiago Avila – Brazil
  • Omar Faiad – France
  • Pascal Maurieras – France
  • Yanis Mhamdi – France
  • Suayb Ordu – Turkiye
  • Sergio Toribio – Spain
  • Marco van Rennes – The Netherlands
  • Reva Viard – France

Update: June 9, Greta Thunberg claims she is “kidnapped” by the Israeli authorities

Belgian reader notes that the location of the schooner cannot possibly be docked at Lac du Bois de la Cambre, Belgium. As it is too small too hold such a boat. He suggests the brunch on the island, however: Chalet Robinson.

France bans outdoor smoking

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Smoking in Paris, Anna Karina
Anna Karina, smoking in Paris

France, a country of smokers, will ban smoking in all outdoor places that can be frequented by children, like beaches, parks and bus stops, the health and family minister said in an interview published on Thursday.

“Tobacco must disappear where there are children,” Catherine Vautrin said in an interview published by the regional Ouest-France daily on its website.

The freedom to smoke “stops where children’s right to breathe clean air starts,” she said.

The restrictions will enter into force on July 1 and will include all places where children could be, such as “beaches, parks, public gardens, outside of schools, bus stops and sports venues,” she said.

Violators could be fined up to 135 euros ($154), she said.

Related: heavy smoking and stroke

Chris Dorset

Chris Dorsett, Ocean Conservancy’s Vice President of Conservation, said the news is goof for people and the planet:  “Not only does banning smoking in public places protect public health, but it will also make a huge impact in keeping our ocean and beaches clean.

According to Ocean Conservancy’s International Coastal Cleanup data, cigarette butts are the number one most commonly found item polluting beaches and waterways in Europe and worldwide. In addition to shedding dangerous microplastic fibers, cigarette butts also leach chemicals into the environment, harming sensitive marine ecosystems. We applaud France for taking this important step to protect people and the environment from the threat of cigarette pollution.”

Israel and Sweden’s Andreas Weil, for instance, has led massive cigarette butt pickups and educations about smoking on the beaches of Tel Aviv and around the country.

Since 1986, volunteers with Ocean Conservancy’s International Coastal Cleanup have collected 63 million cigarette butts worldwide. In 2023 – the most recent year for which we have data, 323,431 cigarette butts were collected from beaches and waterways in Europe alone.

As for the ban, Parisian cafe terraces will be excluded from the ban, which will also not extend to electronic cigarettes.

Some 75,000 people are estimated to die from tobacco-related complications each year in France.

Man smokes hookah pipe
The shisha pipe is also known as a hookah pipe. It’s also known as a bong when used for smoking cannabis, for medical reasons of course.

According to a recent opinion survey, six out of 10 French people (62%) favour banning smoking in public places. Given the large number of Arab and North African population in France, we hope the ban extends to shisha pipes, which are thought to be safe because the tobacco smells like fruit, when in fact toxin levels can be found to be much higher than regular nicotine cigarattes.

Climate Activist Greta Thunberg Joins Gaza Flotilla

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Greta Thunberg, climate activist, Pro Palestine activist, Israel, nature, education, activism,

Greta Thunberg, climate and humanitarian activist

On June 1, 2025, the Madleen, a ship organized by the Freedom Flotilla Coalition to deliver humanitarian aid to the Gaza Strip, departed from Catania, Italy. It carries supplies such as water bottles, medical equipment, and other essential items. The goal of the mission is to break through Israel’s naval blockade and deliver aid to civilians in Gaza. The flotilla includes 12 participants from various countries. Some participants include members of the European Parliament, actors, and activists. The most high-profile figure on board may be Greta Thunberg.

Thunberg, a Swedish-born climate activist, describes the mission as aligning with her environmental and humanitarian values. She asserts that the mission reflects her beliefs that environmental justice must include all communities.

Thunberg has recently been an active participant in the youth-led, global “Free Palestine” movement. While the journey has drawn international media attention due to Thunberg’s highly controversial image, it also intersects with a long-standing, complex, and regional conflict—one where humanitarian concerns, national security, and environmental challenges collide.

Israel has enforced a naval blockade on the Gaza Strip since 2007 due to concerns related to Hamas. Hamas, a terrorist organization, attacked Israel on October 7, 2023, killing more than 1,200 innocent Israeli civilians and taking over 250 hostage. The blockade is supported by other nations in the region, such as Egypt. It is utilized to prevent weapons and materials that could be used for military purposes from entering the territory. Israel allows aid to enter Gaza through land crossings, which are coordinated and monitored by international agencies.

Read Related: Freedom Flotilla sets sail toward Gaza with Greta Thunberg on board to liberate Gaza

Those who are critical of the blockade, including Thunberg and her companions, argue that the embargo contributes to deteriorating living and environmental conditions in Gaza. Supporters of the blockade assert that it is essential for the security of Israel and the safety of its civilians. Additionally, they claim internal mismanagement and a lack of cooperation from Hamas limit the support that civilians receive. Gaza is facing significant environmental challenges. There are reports that 90% of the water is undrinkable. This is due to the ongoing war, governance challenges, and the over-extraction and contamination of aquifers.

Wastewater runs rampant due to untreated sewage being discharged directly into the Mediterranean Sea and other water sources. While the Israeli blockade is often cited as the most significant factor contributing to these challenges, many international commentators and agencies have also pointed to Hamas and its recent efforts to disrupt aid distribution as a substantial factor.

In the past, infrastructure projects, including water treatment facilities and solar energy systems, many of which came from Israel, have been disrupted by a lack of cooperation between the Palestinian Authority and Hamas.

Greta Thunberg’s decision to participate in the Madleen voyage highlights the issue of environmental justice in conflict zones. It also reflects the growing trend of climate activism, which involves engaging in politically sensitive regions.

Palestine, Freedom flotilla Palestinian flags while watching a large sailboat in the sea. The boat also displays Palestinian flags and appears to be part of a pro-Palestinian flotilla. The scene takes place on
Supporters wave Palestinian flags as the Freedom Flotilla, carrying activists including Greta Thunberg, sets sail toward Gaza

From Israel’s perspective, the debate is distinguishing between humanitarianism and efforts that legitimize terrorist organizations such as Hamas. Despite concerns, Israel has continued to permit and facilitate the transfer of aid, including food, fuel, water, and medical supplies, through its land crossings.

As the Madleen moves closer to Gaza’s waters, the following steps are uncertain. Previous flotillas have been intercepted and redirected to Ashdod Port, where the cargo is examined and transferred to Gaza via official land crossing channels. The IDF, Israel Defense Forces, recently issued a statement to the press. IDF Spokesperson Effie Defrin said, “The (Israeli military) is prepared to defend the citizens of the State of Israel on all fronts — in the north, the south, the center and also in the maritime arena.

“The navy operates day and night to protect Israel’s maritime space and borders at sea. For this case as well, we are prepared,” he said in response to a question about the Freedom Flotilla vessel, declining to go into detail.
“We have gained experience in recent years, and we will act accordingly.” Brigadier General Effie DefrinSpokesperson Brigadier General Effie Defrin speaking to the media

What is clear is that Thunberg’s journey has drawn massive attention to Gaza’s humanitarian and environmental conditions. At the same time, it opens up a broader conversation on the role of ecological activism and justice in a time of war.

For Israel, the situation continues to be consistent with its responsibility to ensure humanitarian access to civilians in Gaza, while maintaining its security.

Freedom Flotilla sets sail toward Gaza with Greta Thunburg on board to liberate Gaza

Freedom flotilla
Crew from the Freedom Flotilla

The Madleen—a diesel powered sail boat—is currently en route to Gaza as part of the Freedom Flotilla Coalition’s effort to deliver humanitarian aid and challenge the ongoing Israeli blockade. While the word “flotilla” typically refers to a group or fleet of ships operating together, this mission finds the Madleen sailing alone, with prominent climate activist Greta Thunberg onboard.

The boat is registered as Barcarole (MMSI: 232057367), a sailing vessel sailing under the flag of United Kingdom. Her length overall (LOA) is 18 meters and her width is 5 meters.

Gaza freedom flotilla? Virtue signaling or a real impactful protest?
Gaza freedom flotilla? Virtue signaling or a real impactful protest? A hoopoe bird, the national bird of Israel is painted on the side of the boat. Are they coming in peace?

Though equipped with sails to reduce fuel use, the Madleen also depends on a diesel engine.

Still, the voyage raises questions for environmental advocates about issues like bilge discharge (are there composting toilets onboard?), fuel sourcing, and carbon offsetting—especially with a high-profile environmentalist onboard.

The current crew consists of 12 individuals from a range of countries and professional backgrounds. Notably: Greta Thunberg (Sweden) – Global climate activist, now expanding her focus to include humanitarian issues.

Liam Cunningham (Ireland) – Actor known for his role in Game of Thrones, and an advocate for refugee rights and humanitarian causes.

Rima Hassan (France) – Human rights lawyer and newly elected member of the European Parliament, known for her outspoken support for Palestinian rights. She has previously been denied entry to Israel over security concerns.

Other crew members include activists, journalists, and medical professionals from around the world—including one from Turkey, where press freedom remains a contentious issue. While the group is diverse, they are united in their mission to highlight what they describe as a worsening humanitarian crisis in Gaza.

The Madleen is reportedly carrying basic aid supplies, including baby formula, food staples, hygiene products, and medical equipment. Still, given the vessel’s limited cargo capacity, its humanitarian impact is likely to be symbolic rather than substantial. The mission is as much political as logistical, aimed at drawing attention to the blockade, which restricts the movement of goods and people in and out of Gaza.

Egypt, which also borders Gaza, reportedly charges refugees large sums—often around $5,000—for safe passage, limiting alternative escape routes for civilians.

Related: a pod of orcas sink a ship

Public reactions have been mixed. Some online voices have expressed harsh criticism and even hostility toward the voyage. Others see it as a legitimate and peaceful form of protest aimed at raising awareness.

The intersection of environmental and human rights activism is particularly visible in this mission. The coalition claims to minimize its environmental footprint using sails, yet questions remain about the broader sustainability and ethics of such journeys.

Related: he’s saving sea turtles that have experienced too much conflict

The use of flotillas to challenge the Gaza blockade has been done before, most notably the Mavi Marmara in 2010. That mission, organized by the Turkish NGO IHH, ended in violence when Israeli forces boarded the ship in international waters. Nine activists were killed, and a tenth died later from his injuries. Israel claimed self-defense, citing improvised weapons used by passengers that they found later. The IHH has faced allegations of ties to terrorist groups, which it denies. The event remains controversial and is cited by both sides of the debate as either a cautionary tale or a justification for resistance.

US Senator Lindsey Graham announced in a controversial post on X, “I hope Greta and her friends can swim.”

Lindsay Graham on X.

On X, the Maccabee Task Force wrote, “Greta Thunberg’s so-called “freedom flotilla” encapsulates the delusion and hypocrisy surrounding the Israel-Gaza war. This isn’t a humanitarian mission—it’s a Mediterranean leisure cruise.

“Participants are smiling, swimming, and filming TikTok videos. This is self-serving activism. And let’s be honest: she wouldn’t dare try this stunt anywhere near Hamas-controlled waters. She knows she’s safe because Israel has Hamas on the ropes. That’s what makes this spectacle possible. It’s not activism. Its performance. And it’s pathetic.”

Participants on the boat posted on X about a worrying drone circling overhead yesterday, “From Forensic Architecture: Helenic Coast Guard Heron drone was seen active close to your location a couple of hours ago – ADSB hasn’t updated assets location since 20:30 pm. It did a similar trajectory the last couple of days.”

It turned out to be Greek coast guard patrol drone doing routine surveillance.

Drone deployed from Greece to survey Greta Thunberg

Among the crew is Brazilian Thiago Ávila who supports “the resistance”. He met Hezbollah’s former leader Hassan Nasrallah in 2006 and also attended Nasrallah’s funeral in Beirut in February 2025. Here he is singing a “resistance” song aboard the boat, in a video posted to X. Hezbollah is considered a terror organization by the US, Canada and Europe, the Arab League, Japan etc.

Whether the Madleen’s voyage ends peacefully or is met with confrontation remains to be seen. What is clear is that such missions continue to stir international debate—not only about the politics of Gaza but also about the evolving roles of civil disobedience, humanitarian action, and environmental responsibility in an increasingly complex world.

While violence uprisings happen in the Middle East, there is little acceptance of peaceful protest, especially in Gaza. Before the October 7, 2023 attack on Israel, people in Gaza had tried to rise up against Hamas and were met with a fatal warning or their end.

Meanwhile the Freedom Flotilla has an excellent opportunity to shed a light on Libya’s human rights abuses as it sails by Libya, a country mired in instability and lawlessness over a decade after the fall of Muammar Gaddafi. Armed groups continue to operate with impunity, engaging in extrajudicial killings, kidnappings, and attacks on civilians.

Let us hope that this Gaza “flotilla of one” can offer more than just political controversy and instead deliver a message of unity, dignity, and peace for all people everywhere.

We are waiting for a response from Israel’s IDF on what Israel plans to do once Greta Thunberg enters its territory.

You can follow the yacht’s Garmin tracker here.

Iraqi Zaha Hadid’s legacy reinvented in Saudi Arabia’s clay-rooted museum?

Zaha Hadid Architects, Misk Heritage Museum, Asaan Museum Diriyah, Adobe architecture Saudi Arabia, Najdi architecture, Diriyah Gate cultural project, Saudi heritage preservation, Green architecture Middle East, Sustainable museums Saudi Arabia, Clay brick construction Saudi Secondary SEO Tags: Zaha Hadid legacy, UNESCO Diriyah At-Turaif, Misk Foundation culture, Saudi Arabia cultural tourism, Middle Eastern vernacular design, Eco-friendly buildings Saudi Arabia, Traditional Najdi design, Mud brick museum, Heritage museums Middle East, Interactive cultural spaces Saudi Arabia Hashtags: #ZahaHadid, #MiskHeritageMuseum, #AsaanMuseum, #DiriyahGate, #SaudiCulture, #SustainableDesign, #NajdiArchitecture, #MiddleEastArchitecture, #AdobeArchitecture, #GreenBuilding

Zaha Hadid may have passed away in 2016 at 65, but her architectural spirit continues to shape the Middle East with grace, innovation, and a reverence for heritage. Her UK-based firm carries her legacy of bold Middle Eastern sensuality. She wasn’t shy to dominate an all-male world of starchitects becoming one herself. She even designed refugee shelter with her own brand of culture and grace.

The latest project carrying her name—the Asaan, Misk Heritage Museum in Diriyah, Saudi Arabia—is more than just a cultural institution. It is a homecoming for Muslim and Arabian influence on design and architecture.

Hadad was the first female and first Muslim to win the coveted Pritzker prize.

She was known as “The Lady Gaga of Architecture” but her work was not sustainable by design.

zaha hadid
Zaha Hadid

Designed by Zaha Hadid Architects (ZHA) which continues her legacy, and supported by the Misk Foundation, the new museum blends low-carbon adobe construction, according to press materials with bold contemporary design, becoming ZHA’s first earthen building globally. Yet despite its forward-thinking form, the Asaan Museum is built literally and metaphorically from the soil of Saudi heritage.

Related: Zaha Hadid dead at 65

“Asaan” means “inheritance passed down through generations,” and that inheritance is being reimagined in the heart of the Najdi world. The museum will rise in Diriyah’s historic At-Turaif district—a UNESCO World Heritage site where 600 years of mud-brick architecture tell the story of the first Saudi state.

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This is not another glass monolith. The Asaan is made of locally produced clay mud-bricks, shaped into thick, cooling adobe walls that honor the vernacular of Najdi architecture and reduce energy consumption in the blistering desert heat. The structure is organized around three shaded courtyards, anchoring programs in education, the arts, and administration, just as the heart of old Najdi homes once revolved around their shaded interior courtyards.

Related: what is Najdi architecture?

Zaha Hadid, born in Baghdad, Iraq was always drawn to the cultural topography of the Middle East. Her projects across the region have been provocative, poetic, and deeply aware of place. From the Bee’ah Headquarters in Sharjah—a Green Prophet favorite for its net-zero ambitions—to the King Abdullah Petroleum Studies and Research Center (KAPSARC) in Riyadh, her buildings dance between the sensuousness in math and the mystical.

Related: Saudi opera house modeled after Saudi mud palaces

But, as our resident ports architect wrote, Zaha was in no way an environmentalist, even though we wanted her to be one: “in her penchant for novel building materials, and the result was difficult-to-construct projects that often dramatically blew budgets. She showed a chronic aversion to local context, and no moral conscience when it came to environmental issues, or the health and safety protection for people who brought her designs to reality. Apparently her clients did not find this problematic.”

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The Asaan Museum takes that ethos even deeper—into the very earth of Diriyah. The Asaan Museum is part of the ambitious Diriyah Gate masterplan, which aims to transform the ancient city into a 100% walkable, climate-resilient cultural capital. Public plazas, rooftop promenades, conservation labs, and interactive exhibits will bring Saudis and international visitors alike into intimate contact with the country’s layered history.

Related: Catch a glimpse of the House of Saudi’s past, in these incredible mud palaces

The museum is not merely a place to view the past—it is designed to engage, educate, and empower. In a region where cultural erasure often moves faster than preservation, the museum offers a new model: a living heritage center designed by a woman who understood the language of permanence and transformation.

In 2012, Green Prophet wrote about how Zaha Hadid’s work in the Middle East was “a contradiction—extravagant yet humble, futuristic but rooted.” Today, Asaan fulfills that paradox perfectly. It is at once timeless and timely, emerging from the earth to remind us that the future is not built only from new materials—but from memory, identity, and ancestral wisdom. Let’s hope they lose local builders, pay them a fair wage, and that materials are made from local, sustainable sources.

Meet Andreas Weil, the founder of Israel’s EcoOcean, protecting the seas for all

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Andreas Weil, founder of Ecoocean, marine conservation, Israel, nature education, this is Andres in diving gear sitting on the shore of a lake
Andreas Weil, founder of Ecoocean

Meet Andreas Weil, founder of EcoOcean, Israel’s leading marine conservation organization which has reached hundreds of thousands and brought the concept of Blue Flag beaches to Israel.

Under the blue, sparkling surface of the Mediterranean Sea lies an aquatic world teeming with life, history, and untold stories. For Andreas Weil, founder of the marine protection NGO EcoOcean, this vast marine expanse is more than just a sea; it represents a lifelong passion and mission. Growing up in Sweden, Weil has always had a passion for the environment. Weil explained his reasons for coming to Israel as “I’m going to have fun and do good for the country.”

He began his time in Israel studying Environmental Studies at the Arava Institute for Environmental Studies. He began to discover his purpose and his reason for being.

When Weil settled in Israel, he noticed a stark contrast between his homeland of Sweden and his new home of Israel. While Sweden was one of the first countries to expand, promote, and participate in green initiatives and recycling, Israel was lagging. There was no awareness, education, or environmental culture in the country. This troubled Weil. He saw that Israelis viewed the environment and climate change as a secondary issue. They disregarded the environment.

What troubled him also was the state of the Mediterranean Sea and the beautiful beaches of Israel being covered in trash. One point of emphasis Weil found was that Israelis did not take responsibility for the garbage that was in their seas. So, he decided to put down the facts. His initial research focussed on where the trash was coming from. He found that 80% of the garbage in the oceans was not from Gaza, Jordan, or any other country, as many had thought. It was from Israel. When framed this way, the Israelis realized that if they were to stop putting trash in the ocean, they would be 80% cleaner. Weil envisioned a new Israel, one where everyone was educated on the environment and the dangers of climate change.

Building EcoOcean

EcoOcean was born out of this vision to research, gather facts, and educate everyone. Central to EcoOcean’s success is the Mediterranean Explorer, the only privately operated marine research vessel in the region. Today, the level of research has increased, not without thanks to the Mediterranean Explorer and Weil himself. Armed with his ship and equipment, Weil set sail to find facts to bring back to Israel. The goal of the boat is to investigate water quality, marine life, trash, and other issues within the Mediterranean. With the information they collect, EcoOcean is not only well equipped to inform the public but also the government.

Discoveries are a commonality on board. While most are focused on climate research, they also have made discoveries outside the realm. One recent discovery made by the ship and its team is a sea sponge that possesses properties that could lead to a cure for Alzheimer’s.

Education is at the core of EcoOcean’s strategy. Starting with 10,000 students and evolving 20 years later to over 20,000, Weil and EcoOcean’s mission is to provide education to all on the topic of the environment and the looming climate threat. Weil has accomplished this with the help of others, starting with only two workers and evolving into a team of 18 full-time staff members and 25 freelance teachers.

Mediterranean Explorer, sea research vessel, andreas weil, ecoocean, Israel, Michmoret, Seakura
EcoOcean’s Mediterranean Explorer in action

They have a learning center called Seakura, located in Mikhmoret. Their center is only the start of it. They send their team of teachers to schools across Israel to provide constant, sustained education to the youth. Teachings focus on sustainability, climate change, and environmental ethics. Additionally, EcoOcean and its educators offer hands-on experiences, such as beach cleanups, that forge a strong, authentic connection to the issue at hand. “You are responsible as a citizen not only to pay taxes,” Weil says. “You’re supposed to clean and take care of your gift.” Israel.

EcoOcean doesn’t stop at education. It also works closely with the Ministry of Environmental Protection, local municipalities, and other NGOs to influence Israel’s environmental policies. One notable example of cooperation between EcoOcean and the Ministry is their “Disposable Dishes-Not in my Sea!” campaign, which educated the public on using reusable utensils, cups, and other kitchenware on the beach. The result was a visible reduction in single-use plastics on Israel’s sparkling, sandy beaches. As mentioned earlier, the Mediterranean Explorer is used to collect research for submission to the Israeli government. The abundance of information provided allows Israeli officials to identify and address clear problems.

Read related: This is the only government-funded sea turtle hospital in the world 

Environmental Unity in a Divided Region

Ecoocean marine education, Michmoret, Israel, sea protection, reef habitat
EcoOcean teaches the next generation about marine conservation

Despite regional war and political tension, Weil sees marine conservation as a unifying force. EcoOcean and Weil are committed to providing the same level of education for all Israeli citizens. He says that “The environment does not have boundaries” and that, to have widespread change, the country needs “An Israel where people feel as one.” Nothing changes without cooperation.

You need a resilient population. He strongly believes in Tikkun Olam, the concept of repairing the world. Repairs can be done through education and information.

Looking ahead, Weil and EcoOcean’s ambitions are as expansive as the sea itself. He wants EcoOcean to one day reach 100,000 young people annually. Additionally, he aims to expand volunteer programs and enhance scientific contributions through blue ocean-based, tech, and climate research. Most of all, he wants all Israeli children to have access to marine education.

“If they approach us, we never want to say no,” he says. “We just need funding to say yes to everyone.”Weil’s vision extends far beyond Israel’s shores. “The environment and the threat of climate change can be the catalyst for Middle East peace,” he believes. “We are all part of the problem. We are all part of the solution. We can all fix it if we work together.”

Andreas Weil’s legacy is not about a single shoreline, beach, or sea. It is about a shift in attitude and consciousness. EcoOcean is a national leader in driving change, and its next goal is expansion to a broader area. “I want to go on a trip one day and hear everyone say, ‘I’d never throw trash in the ocean.'” This is when he believes he will have achieved his goals.

Until then, EcoOcean will continue to sail-chart a course for cleaner seas, educating citizens and working towards a future where the Mediterranean is a shared, thriving, and clean sea for all.

::EcoOcean 

Make safe herbal anti-acne products and masks

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clay cosmetic face mask

The FDA is recalling certain acne medications for cancer link. Our herbalist takes her decades of experience and creates a guide to natural acne care.

Everyone wants smooth skin with a healthy glow. People are willing to pay plenty to achieve that, and many rely on anti-acne products to clear up those unattractive pimples and inflamed skin. As archeology has discovered, people  used cosmetic creams as far back as in ancient Rome.

Some products may bought over the counter, and some require a doctor’s prescription. But what we confidently regarded as safe allies in the fight against acne turn out not to be so safe after all. Benzoyl peroxide, an antibacterial agent found in some popular anti-acne products, may break down into carcinogenic benzine. Read Karin’s post on the FDA’s recall of anti-acne products.

Think of applying a lotion or cream containing benzoyl peroxide to your face every day. You can’t know if the gel you squeeze out of that tube is in the process of breaking down into benzine, but research suggests that it will.

So what we do to keep our skins free of acne?

Here we have to look at the origins of acne breakouts. Genetics, unfortunately, factor in. If your parents tend towards acne, it’s likely you will too. You’ll probably need to make some lifestyle changes.

Other factors causing acne may be hormonal flare-ups, stress, not enough sleep, not drinking enough plain water, and a diet rich in sugar and processed and fatty foods. Like French fries and industrially-produced hamburgers, and packaged snacks. Cigarette smoke, lots of coffee, and frequent alcoholic drinks also damage your skin.

To maintain healthy skin, we need not only to avoid junk food, but to consume foods and beverages rich in anti-oxidants. Find something that falls into the popular “super-food” category that’s appetizing, and consume it every day. Green tea, very anti-oxidant; drink it instead of Coke.  Fresh produce, either cooked or raw, and preferably home-made…the list is familiar, but no less valid for that. Tons of any ideas for healthy snacks circulate around the Net. Find some that appeal to you. Then eat them, instead of junk food.

If stress is causing your skin to break out, practice yoga. Seriously. The gentle exercise increases blood circulation, bringing that all-important oxygen to every part of you, and in addition, relaxes and makes you feel more alive.

Drink a lot of plain H2O. Water scours your organs and helps eliminate toxins.

Keep your skin clean with herbal infusions that soothe inflammation and exert anti-microbial power over the grime you’re exposed to over the day.

Some suggested herbs to calm acne:

  • Chamomile
  • Lavender
  • Green tea
  • Echinacea
  • Rosemary
  • Sage
  • Marigold

How to use the anti-acne herbs: Pour 1/2 cup boiling water over 1 tablespoon of herb, cover, and wait 10 minutes. Strain. Splash your face with the infusion; it feels good when it’s warm, but can be used cold. Pat your face dry with a clean towel; do not rinse the tea away.

Optionally, add a drop of tea tree essential oil – one drop only – to the herbal infusion. If using the essential oil, avoid getting the infusion in your eyes.

Raw honey has antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. Use clean q-tips to pat drops of honey on bad acne. Do not put the used q-tip back in the honey; get a fresh one if needed. Leave the honey on the skin for 10 minutes, the gently rinse it off.

Change your pillow case nightly, optimally after having cleaned your face.

Always remove makeup before sleeping.

Safe and natural exfoliating products

Sugar has its cosmetic uses. To exfoliate and cleanse the skin, wet your face with water or herbal infusion. Drop about a tablespoon of white or brown sugar into the palm of your wet hand and gently rub your face with it. Don’t scrub yourself to death. Rinse the sugar off and pat your face dry.

Some get acne on their backs. An effective remedy is a long, wet loofah sponge well saturated with soap, rubbed across the back in the shower. A long-handled brush with soft bristles will do the same.

Miracle meds containing benzoyl peroxide aren’t what you’re looking for anymore. Try a weekly facial mask made by combining an infusion of plantain leaf, chickweed, and marigold flowers with cosmetic-grade white or green clay. Plantain draws infected matter out of skin tissue and soothes inflamed skin. So does chickweed. Marigold flowers have strong anti-bacterial properties.

ribwort plantain medicinal plants
The common plantain can be found on the side of the walkway

How to make a herbal mask against acne

Have ready a teapot or clean glass jar. Put 1 tablespoon each plantain, chickweed, and marigold flowers in it and pour a cup of boiling water over the herbs. (If using a glass jar, set it on a kitchen towel to avoid thermal shock, which might crack it.) Stir. Cover the infusion and wait 15 minutes. Strain it.

Dissolve about 3 tablespoons of cosmetic-grade clay with the herbal infusion enough to make a thin paste. Apply the paste to clean, moist skin. Put music on – read a book – drink green tea – hang out for 10-15 minutes. The mask will start to dry; that’s fine. Rinse it off with warm water or herbal infusion. Pat your face dry.

Make your own anti-acne face mask
Your own anti-acne face mask

If you can’t source fresh herbs, you can probably find them dried in health food stores. Or find them online. I suggest combining those plantain, chickweed and marigold, but any but any one of those noted above can be used to make a skin-healing infusion.

Chickweed is a weed, but it's also a medicine and food and it helps fight acne
Chickweed is a weed, but it’s also a medicine and food and it helps fight acne

Note: Chickweed is useful in drawing out pus from inflamed pimples or boils. I have also applied chickweed to styes in the eyes and to clean up pinkeye. A poultice of fresh chickweed is best: crush a handful of clean herb in your clean hands and apply the messy green stuff to the infected area. It will start to feel warm; even hot. At that point, remove the poultice and wash your hands.

However, dried chickweed also works, if infused into boiling water as described above. In that case, use only 1/2 cup water per tablespoon of dried herb. Dip sterile cotton into the strained infusion and apply it to the infection. Discard the cotton after a few minutes and wash your hands.

A cucumber and yoghurt mask against acne

For a skin-soothing facial mask that uses ordinary kitchen ingredients, blend a washed but unpeeled organic cucumber with 1/8 cup yogurt and 1 tablespoon raw honey. Spread the mask on and rinse off after 15 minutes. It won’t be as medicinal as the herb/clay mask, but it will reduce painful redness and leave the skin softer.

Editor’s note: store bought masks are expensive and contain preservatives to stop it from decomposing and going rotten. Like good food, a healthy face mask should be made with the freshest, local and most organic ingredients. Time to start grow

herbalisFor more on natural remedies see:

Za’atar is a natural anti-acne treatment
Some Tips to Consider Before Buying Beauty Products
5 Natural Ways to Keep Your Skin Beautiful
The ABCs of Middle East Spices Medicines, Part IV – Oregano to Rosemary

 

How mice hear with their whiskers and what this means for robotics

Mice can hear with their whiskers
Mice can hear with their whiskers

I met this usual scientist from Russia who was sure that people can hear with their skin. Maybe he wasn’t so nuts after all? Scientists have no found a mechanism that help mice hear, and it’s in their whiskers. This might explain how blind voles can get around. And it may have applications in robotics.

“Whiskers are so delicate that no one had thought of checking whether they produce sounds that mice are able to hear,” says team leader Prof. Ilan Lampl of Weizmann’s Brain Sciences Department.

The study offers a unique glimpse into the complexity of natural perception, which commonly involves input from multiple senses, in this case touch and hearing. In fact humans too combine these two types of cues more often than one might think. Imagine, for example, your fingers delving into a crowded bag to search for a candy bar and the sudden, welcome rustle of the wrapper.

The mice whiskers can hear team
(l-r) Prof. Ilan Lampl, Dr. Athanasios Ntelezos and Dr. Yonatan Katz

In the new study, Lampl’s team – led by Dr. Ben Efron, then a PhD student, who worked with Drs. Athanasios Ntelezos and Yonatan Katz – started out by recording the sounds made by whiskers probing different surfaces, including dried Bougainvillea leaves and aluminum foil.

The researchers used sensitive microphones that can record ultrasonic frequencies, which are beyond the upper limit of the audible range for humans. The same kind of microphones that can hear when plants speak. They placed the microphones some 2 centimeters from the source of the sound, about the same distance as from the mouse’s ear to its whiskers.

Next, the scientists made entirely different recordings: They measured neural activity in the auditory cortex of mice that were brushing their whiskers against different objects. The recordings showed that the auditory networks of the mice responded to the whisker-generated sounds, no matter how subtle.

When the researchers interrupted the pathways that convey the sensation of touch from the whiskers to the brain, the auditory cortex still responded to these sounds, showing that mice could process them as a separate sensory input, independent of the sense of touch.

Yet the fact that the mouse auditory system responds to certain noises does not necessarily mean that mice use them for sensing and can recognize objects by means of these noises. To explore this issue, the researchers resorted to AI. They first trained a machine-learning model to identify objects based on neural activity recorded from the auditory cortex of mice.

The AI successfully identified the correct objects from neuronal activity alone, suggesting that the mice might be able to similarly interpret these cues. Next, the researchers trained another machine-learning model to identify objects on the basis of recorded sounds made by whiskers probing these objects.

The two models – the one trained on neural activity alone and the one trained on sound recordings – were equally successful, which suggests that the neural responses to the whisking were caused directly by the sounds rather than by other sensory information, such as that coming from smell or touch.

“Our results show that the brain’s whisking network, called the vibrissa system, operates in an integrative, multimodal manner when the animals actively explore their surroundings,” Lampl sums up. This multimodal function, he explains, might have developed in the course of evolution to help mice hunt for prey or avoid their own predators.

“Since whisking generates much weaker sounds than does walking, a mouse could rely on it when, for example, choosing whether to walk across a brittle, drier field of crops versus a fresher, quieter one, to avoid being detected by an owl. Whisking could also help a mouse figure out whether a stem is hollow or sufficiently juicy and worthy of a bite.”

By breaking down the boundaries between touch and hearing, the study doesn’t just reveal something new about mice, it opens up a plethora of research directions for future explorations of the brain’s sensory systems, particularly mechanisms by which the brain integrates different types of sensory input. The new findings might also lead to practical innovations in technology.

The possibilities are endless. If the brain can simultaneously process sensory information from different sources, the same principles might be used in prosthetics, sensory rehabilitation after brain trauma or perhaps even for enhancing perception in visually impaired individuals. For instance, learning exercises for the blind already exploit the distinct sounds produced by the white cane upon contact with a surface, and this approach could be developed further.

Another potential area for prospective innovation is robotics. Says Efron: “Integrating different types of sensory input is a major challenge in the design of robotic systems. The mouse brain’s whisking system might provide inspiration for technologies that would address this challenge by, for example, helping to create early-warning sensors to prevent collisions, particularly when visibility is limited because of smoke or other visual obstructions.”

A new advance for Tesla’s Optimus humanoid that is expected to come out this year?

Meala FoodTech and dsm-firmenich Launch Vertis PB Pea, A Plant-Based Meat Alternative

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Vertis pea protein team
Vertis pea protein team

In a strategic move set to reshape the plant-based protein landscape, Meala FoodTech has partnered with dsm-firmenich to launch Vertis PB Pea, a biotechnology-derived, multifunctional pea protein texturizer designed to streamline ingredient lists and elevate the sensory quality of meat alternatives. Now available across Europe via dsm-firmenich, the product marks a significant milestone for food tech investors eyeing scalable, clean-label innovation.

Vertis PB Pea arrives as consumer demand for clean-label, high-performance food products reaches critical mass. Traditionally, plant-based meat formulations rely on a cocktail of binders—hydrocolloids, starches, gums—to simulate the bite and juiciness of real meat. Meala’s patented technology eliminates that complexity, consolidating emulsification, binding, and gelation functions into a single, allergen-free component made entirely from pea protein.

For food manufacturers, that means cleaner ingredient lists, simpler procurement, and better-performing products. For consumers, it means recognizable ingredients and improved nutritional value. Vertis PB Pea not only enhances water retention and texture under extreme temperatures, but also boosts protein content—allowing brands to market “high-protein” plant-based meats without artificial binders or additives.

These meatballs are made with Vertis pea protein
These meatballs are made with Vertis pea protein

According to data from the EIT Food Consumer Observatory, 67% of European consumers say they are wary of unfamiliar ingredients in their food, while 56% actively avoid ultra-processed products. This shift in perception is putting pressure on food developers to reformulate without compromising taste, convenience, or shelf stability. Vertis PB Pea is positioned as a turnkey solution for this next-gen reformulation push.

“This is exactly where our product comes in,” said Tali Feldman Sivan, CBO and co-founder of Meala FoodTech. “It addresses both functionality and clean-label demands, while replicating the sensory profile and experience of conventional meat products.”

The partnership with dsm-firmenich is not just about distribution—it’s a vote of confidence. As both strategic investor and commercial partner, dsm-firmenich brings regulatory expertise, R&D infrastructure, and global market access to the table. For Meala, that means immediate scalability and validation at the highest levels of the food industry.

“We’re impressed by their innovation-driven approach and deep understanding of the food industry,” said Meala CEO and co-founder Hadar Ekhoiz Razmovich. “From the beginning, they believed in us not only as investors, but as true partners.”

Related: Impossible Foods and OSI Group

Beyond Mean plant based burger
Beyond Meat is a popular pea-protein based meat alternative

With manufacturing already underway in Europe, the Vertis PB Pea launch signals Meala’s readiness to scale internationally. The company plans to expand into North America and Asia over the next 18 months, as plant-based brands increasingly prioritize formulation efficiency and transparency.

Vertis PB Pea is part of dsm-firmenich’s broader Vertis plant protein portfolio and marks a pivotal evolution in ingredient design: from piecemeal solutions to holistic platforms that meet rising consumer and regulatory standards.

These hotdogs are made with Vertis pea protein
These hotdogs are made with Vertis pea protein

Founded in 2021 by Hadar Ekhoiz Razmovich, Dr. Tali Feldman Sivan, and CTO Liran Gruda, Meala FoodTech is a next-generation ingredients startup focused on clean-label innovation. Its mission is to create smarter, functional ingredients that empower food producers to make better-for-you products without compromising performance. Backed by The Kitchen FoodTech Hub, dsm-firmenich Ventures, Lasenor Emul SPA, EIT Food, and Milk & Honey Ventures, Meala is part of a growing wave of science-forward food tech companies redefining what’s possible in the alternative protein space.

Plant-Based Meat Alternatives
These companies use pea protein to replicate the texture and nutrition of meat:

Beyond Meat – One of the earliest major adopters of pea protein; it’s the primary protein source in their Beyond Burger, sausages, and other products.

Impossible Foods – While it originally used soy protein, some product lines and R&D efforts involve pea protein as a cleaner-label or allergen-free alternative.

Nestlé (via Garden Gourmet and Sweet Earth) – Their plant-based lines include products that incorporate pea protein for improved texture and protein content.

Unilever (via The Vegetarian Butcher) – Offers plant-based meat options using pea protein as a key functional ingredient.

Maple Leaf Foods (via Lightlife and Field Roast) – Uses pea protein in several reformulated products in response to clean-label trends.

Kellogg’s (via MorningStar Farms) – Transitioning some products toward pea-based formulations.

Climate, Not Just People, Is Driving Central Asia’s Desertification, Study Finds

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Mongolian tents in a desert in Asia
Mongolian tents in a desert in Asia

In a sweeping analysis of drylands across Central Asia, scientists have found that natural environmental forces—particularly declining snow levels and rising temperatures—are more responsible for desertification than human activity. The study, published in the journal Catena, was led by Professor Tao Hui of the Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography at the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Using nearly 40 years of satellite data, meteorological records, and socio-economic indicators, the research team mapped how desertification has unfolded between 1982 and 2020. They applied a nonlinear Granger causality model to disentangle the impacts of climate change and human activity.

The findings are stark: “Natural factors accounted for nearly 70% of all newly desertified areas,” said Prof. Tao Hui. “In many dryland systems, snow water equivalent—the amount of water stored in snow—was the dominant ecological driver.”

Uzbekistan to get Central Asia’s first renewable energy facility with utility-scale battery storage
Uzbekistan to get Central Asia’s first renewable energy facility with utility-scale battery storage.

Overall, 14.81% of Central Asia’s drylands showed signs of desertification during the study period. While unsustainable agriculture and overgrazing continue to degrade grasslands and arable areas, it is the shifting climate—particularly warmer winters and reduced snowmelt—that is playing the lead role in this transformation. Forests, the study notes, were primarily affected by rising temperatures rather than human encroachment.

The study is misleading by “blaming” the effect on natural processes since climate change is largely assumed to be caused by human development.

Saudi Arabia is home to desert truffles.
Truffle hunting in the deserts of Saudi Arabia

The revelation that climate is the leading culprit challenges the long-standing assumption that desertification is mainly a result of poor land use. It also complicates regional efforts to halt desert advance, which have typically focused on managing grazing and cultivation.

For countries in the Middle East, including Jordan—one of the most water-scarce nations in the world—the study serves as a climate cautionary tale. With less than 100 cubic meters of renewable water per person annually, Jordan is already facing extreme pressure on its agricultural systems. Sustainable innovations like volcanic soil enrichment may offer hope (as explored in recent efforts near Mafraq), but they must now be scaled in ways that anticipate a rapidly changing climate.

China carbon emissions
Breaking down China’s carbon emissions by Carbon Brief.

China, the factory of the world, is the world’s largest emitter of greenhouse gases, producing about 30% of global CO₂ emissions from fossil fuels and industry. By comparison, the United States emits roughly 13–14%, and the European Union around 8–9% of global emissions. Worth noting that the carbon emissions of China per capita is less than that of Americans and Europeans.

Jordan turns to ancient fire and mines volcanic soil to solve water crisis

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Jordan soil volcanic rock

In the volcanic highlands of northern Jordan, north of Amman engineers are mining a natural resource not for energy, but for agriculture. The material: crushed volcanic rock, now also processed into a mineral-rich soil that may hold the key to reducing water and fertilizer demand in arid regions.

The project is led by Watad, a Jordanian company founded in 2019. The firm processes volcanic rocks such as zeolite, basalt, and pozzolana into what it calls “volcanic soil”—a porous, salt-resistant substrate that improves water retention and plant growth in dry climates.

“There’s zeolite, like the one we have in the mine here. There is zeolitic tuff in one of the other mines we have. There are basalt and pozzolana,” said Ibrahim al-Manaseer, a mine engineer at the site near Mafraq in an interview with Reuters. “All of them are volcanic rocks that formed thousands of years ago.”

Watad currently produces around one million tons of volcanic soil annually, and its CEO, Mohannad al-Manaseer, says the company could scale up rapidly. al-Manaseer said the goal is to replace conventional fertilizers and soil additives with a more durable and environmentally stable alternative.

Volcanic soil
Wated, volcanic soil

Early field reports suggest volcanic soil may reduce irrigation needs by up to 60% and cut fertilizer use by 80%. That could have significant implications for Jordan, which ranks as the second most water-scarce country in the world, with per capita water availability under 100 cubic meters per year, well below the UN’s threshold for extreme water stress.

When we visited Jordan we learned that hotels and homes get fresh water shipped to reservoirs weekly. Some people keep second hidden reservoirs to avoid running out.

Related: Jordan’s leading ecological organizations

While long-term studies are still needed to assess environmental and agronomic impacts across diverse ecosystems, the use of volcanic material in soil enhancement is not new. Zeolites, in particular, have been studied for decades due to their ion exchange and adsorption properties.

What’s novel is the scale—and the urgency. In a region where desertification, rising temperatures, and resource stress are converging, Jordan’s push to mine its volcanic past could represent a rare alignment of geology and necessity.

Jordan has been working with water cooperation with Israel and the Palestinian Authority over the last couple of decades through Friends of the Earth, Middle East – Ecopeace. They are working to broker small-scale local projects in education, but also are working on larger water for energy swaps. The October 7 terror attack changed the political outlook for Israel and Jordanian cooperation, two countries that have a signed peace treaty.

Time for water cooperation? 

The Wadi Araba Treaty established cooperation between Jordan and Israel on various matters, including water sharing. In November 2022, both Jordan and Israel signed a declaration of intent at the UN climate conference to rehabilitate and protect the Jordan River, aiming to reduce pollution and restore water flow.

A 2013 agreement involved developing a desalination plant in Aqaba, with potable water shared between Israel and Jordan, and increased water releases from Lake Tiberias to Jordan. But in November 2023, Jordan announced it would not sign a proposed water-for-energy deal with Israel, citing Israel’s actions in Gaza as the reason.

Jordan is currently advancing its own water security through the Aqaba–Amman Water Desalination and Conveyance Project, aiming to produce about 300 million cubic meters of clean drinking water annually. Jordan is landlocked except for a small strip of the Red Sea, where it is bordered by Israel and Saudi Arabia.

The Abraham Accords which is creating a peace treaty and regional cooperation between countries such as Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates, will likely lead to water cooperation for a very dry Jordan.

::Wated

 

The Ancient Art of Singing to Babies: A Global Tradition, Now Backed by Science

Sing for babies - it's good for them
Sing for babies – it’s good for them

In homes from rural Kenya to Tokyo high-rises, one universal thread connects us across culture, language, and belief: singing to babies. Now, a new study out of Yale University offers scientific validation to what parents and caregivers have known for generations—singing soothes babies, lifts their moods, and strengthens early emotional bonds.

Published in Child Development on May 28, the study reveals that even brief increases in musical engagement can lead to real health benefits for infants, particularly improved mood and emotional regulation. This is a timely reminder that amidst rising mental health concerns and parenting stress, some of the most powerful interventions are still the simplest—and the most ancient.

Singing in Waldorf Education: A Foundation for Emotional Intelligence

Boys from the Shemesh class, Reut
Boys  at a a Waldorf school

In Waldorf education, which draws on the philosophies of Rudolf Steiner, singing is not simply entertainment—it’s a way of being. From infancy through grade school, Waldorf teachers and caregivers incorporate song into daily rituals, transitions, and lessons. The belief is that young children absorb the world through rhythm and melody, and that music helps them harmonize internally with their environment.

In a Waldorf pre-school class, you might see a teacher lighting a candle while softly singing a greeting song. Later, a lullaby might guide children into rest, or a playful tune might invite them into circle time. Even math and language learning are introduced through song.

“Singing carries warmth, and warmth is what the young child most needs,” says Karin Kloosterman, the founder of Green Prophet. “When we sing to babies, we offer them an emotional map of the world.”

Singing to babies isn’t exclusive to Waldorf or Western education. It’s a cross-cultural instinct deeply embedded in human caregiving. In Uganda, mothers sing lullabies called ebinyinyinya to soothe infants at night. In Arctic Inuit communities, families use ayaya songs—short, improvised melodies whispered to babies during long winters. In India, lori lullabies are passed down through generations as sacred maternal rites.

Anthropologists have found that infant-directed music has recognizable patterns across all human cultures: slower tempo, higher pitch, and repetitive phrasing. “Music is one of our species’ earliest and most reliable ways of saying, You are safe. You are loved,” says Dr. Samuel Mehr, director of The Music Lab at Yale.

Samuel Mehr, the Music Lab at Yale

Even in cultures where literacy is limited, music serves as a primary vehicle for emotional and social development. And now, science is catching up.

The Yale Study: A Closer Look

In the Yale study, 110 parents of babies under four months were divided into two groups. One was encouraged to sing more often, supported with baby-friendly songbooks, karaoke videos, and weekly prompts. After just four weeks, the babies in this group were consistently rated as being in a better mood compared to those in the control group.

Notably, many parents naturally used singing as a tool for calming fussy infants, even though the study didn’t instruct them to do so. “They intuitively reached for music, because it worked,” says co-author Lidya Yurdum.

In a previous study by Samuel Mehr, collaborator, Manvir Singh, conducted a listener experiment with a Mentawai shaman in Sumatra. The participant is listening to an example of music from another society and rating how much he thinks it is "used to soothe a baby". Credit: Luke Glowacki
In a previous study by Samuel Mehr, collaborator, Manvir Singh, conducted a listener experiment with a Mentawai shaman in Sumatra. The participant is listening to an example of music from another society and rating how much he thinks it is “used to soothe a baby”. Credit: Luke Glowacki

While the parents’ own moods didn’t show marked improvement over the short timeframe, researchers believe long-term singing might also support caregivers, potentially offering relief from stress and even postpartum depression. The study has now expanded into a longer eight-month trial, titled “Together We Grow.”

In a modern world saturated with overstimulation—from screens to synthetic noise—this research reminds us of the profound power of simplicity. Singing is free. It requires no batteries, no subscriptions, and no formal training. And yet, its impact is potentially transformative.

In fact, studies suggest that when caregivers sing lullabies, they regulate not only their child’s emotions but also their own. Heartbeats slow. Breathing deepens. A kind of co-regulation unfolds, tuning parent and child to each other’s rhythms.

“It’s the original language of connection,” says Waldorf educator and parenting coach Eliza Gold. “Singing allows us to meet our children in a space that words can’t reach.”

Want to Start Singing to Your Baby?

Keep it simple: No need for perfect pitch. Babies love the sound of your voice.

Create routines: Use the same song for waking, naptime, or bathtime.

Include siblings: Singing together strengthens family bonds.

Draw from yoru own family traditions. Ask your grandmothers, or parents or aunts. Use Waldorf inspiration: Sing instead of speaking during transitions—e.g., “Time to wash your hands” becomes a gentle chant.

In a time when parents are bombarded with products and programs promising better baby development, it’s worth remembering that our voices—and our presence—are still the most powerful tools we have. The science now confirms it. And the world’s mothers, grandfathers, and early childhood teachers have always known it.

Benzene in Your Teen’s Acne Cream? What You Need to Know About the Hidden Carcinogen in Skincare Products

Are there toxins in your teen's acne medicine?
Are there toxins in your teen’s acne medicine?

In a disturbing discovery that should concern every skincare consumer, an independent laboratory has found dangerous levels of benzene—a well-known cancer-causing chemical—in common over-the-counter acne treatments. The FDA has since issued voluntary recalls of several top brands, including products from La Roche-Posay, Proactiv, and Walgreens. But for many experts, this action may have come too late.

Benzoyl peroxide (BPO), the active ingredient in many acne products, has long been favored by dermatologists for its ability to kill Cutibacterium acnes, the bacteria behind breakouts. But what most users—and even many doctors—didn’t know is that BPO can break down into benzene, especially when exposed to heat.

Related: microplastics in teeth aligners 

This risk was first flagged by Valisure, a Yale-affiliated independent lab in Connecticut. After testing 66 popular acne treatments, Valisure’s researchers discovered benzene levels as high as 35 parts per million (ppm)—dramatically exceeding the FDA’s temporary 2 ppm limit for unavoidable contamination in life-saving drugs. Acne cream doesn’t fall under that exemption.

“There shouldn’t be any carcinogens in any of our acne products,” says Dr. Christopher Bunick, a Yale professor of dermatology and independent consultant on the Valisure studies. “The recall is a victory for patient safety—but it’s also just the beginning.”

Benzene is a volatile compound found in gasoline, cigarette smoke, and industrial pollution. Its links to leukemia and other blood cancers are well documented. The idea that it’s showing up in personal care products is raising alarms across the dermatological and public health communities.

“This is not about one cream,” says Dr. Bunick. “It’s about cumulative exposure. Benzene is in your air, your shampoos, your sunscreens. The last thing people need is to be rubbing it into their skin daily.”

Related: make your own natural sunscreen 

After publishing their findings in Environmental Health Perspectives and The Journal of Investigative Dermatology, Valisure submitted a citizen petition to the FDA. A few months later, the FDA launched its own testing—and found enough supporting evidence to justify pulling several products from shelves.

While some critics have challenged Valisure’s high-heat testing methods, a follow-up study at room temperature confirmed that 1 in 3 acne products still exceeded the FDA’s benzene limits.

Yale’s Chemical and Biophysical Instrumentation Center also confirmed the results, adding further credibility to Valisure’s data. This isn’t Valisure’s first time ringing alarm bells. Since 2018, the lab has triggered recalls of popular medications like Zantac, valsartan, and metformin—all due to contamination with carcinogens. Increasingly, the group has turned its attention to cosmetics and personal care products, where benzene contamination is becoming a pattern.

The problem, researchers explain, is often in the supply chain—with contaminated raw materials or unstable chemical combinations. But with BPO, it’s not just external contamination: the chemical itself breaks down into benzene, especially when stored in warm conditions, like a bathroom shelf.

If you use a BPO-based acne treatment, don’t panic—but be cautious. Here’s what experts recommend:

Check for recalls: Visit the FDA website to see if your product has been flagged.

Store cool: Avoid keeping acne creams near heat sources or in hot bathrooms.

Use fresh: Stick to unexpired products and consider rotating in alternatives like salicylic acid or adapalene.

Consult your doctor: Discuss risks, especially if you’re using BPO daily or over long periods.

And remember: no amount of benzene is truly safe unless the product is medically essential and no safer alternative exists—which isn’t the case for acne treatment.

Acne
Toxic acne medicine begs for more natural, wholistic solutions

Both Dr. Bunick and University of Calgary dermatologist Dr. Fatemah Jafarian warn that this isn’t the last we’ll hear of benzene in skincare. Their latest pharmacovigilance study, using the FDA’s own adverse event reporting system, found links between BPO-containing products and reported cases of skin and breast cancer.

Though not conclusive, the findings suggest the urgent need for deeper epidemiological research and a complete safety review of BPO’s use in consumer products.

“The story is not closed,” says Bunick. “Understanding the health risk of benzene contamination is still needed—and it’s really important for us to be thinking forward about what to do next.”

In the meantime, those looking for acne relief may want to choose the path of least resistance—and least risk. We have asked our in-house herbalist Miriam Kresh to develop a natural alternative to help acne. While it might not be the golden solution everyone is hoping for, it might help some people avoid the pharma industry.

 

The Emirates wants to help Lebanon become a sustainable winner

Utilities focuses on three factors which together tell the story of Beirut’s decline. The first is the huge increase in use of solar panels to supplement the city’s scarce power supply; the second is the rooftop water tanks, which are topped up by private companies when mainline provisions are down; and the third is the metal structures which now encase ATMs and protect the facades of high-street banks. The liquidity crisis and devaluation of the Lebanese lira have led to state restrictions on bank opening hours and cash withdrawals; the result is an increase in armed robberies and hostage situations carried out not just by organised criminals, but by ordinary people needing to access their money.
There is no regular power in Lebanon. People have turned to solar power out of necessity, not vision.

The United Arab Emirates is leading the Arab world by all measures of sustainability in terms of at least concept, if not practice. But their tolerance and ability to learn and pivot is the making of a great nation. Hoping to help Lebanon out of the rubble of a terrorist group takeover by the Hezbollah, the UAE says it’s reaffirming its longstanding commitment to international cooperation and sustainable development, so it sent members from the Abu Dhabi Fund for Development (ADFD) on a high-level visit to Lebanon, aimed at strengthening economic ties and advancing strategic partnerships.

The UAE President, Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan, met with President Joseph Aoun in a working visit to the UAE in May, the two leaders discussed ways to expand cooperation in economic, investment, and government sectors.

As part of this effort, the ADFD was tasked to send a delegation to Lebanon to assess potential joint projects, while the UAE’s Knowledge Exchange Office was tasked with visiting Beirut to share best practices on government performance and institutional excellence. Beirut can once again rise up and become the pearl of the Middle East if it lets go of terror and hate.

The Safadi Foundation in Tripoli, a structure that develops sustainable projects in Lebanon.
The Safadi Foundation in Tripoli, a structure that develops sustainable projects in Lebanon.

The three-day visit brought together senior UAE officials and Lebanese leadership to explore collaborative solutions that support Lebanon’s economic recovery and future growth. The delegation met with Aou where discussions centered around enhancing bilateral cooperation and supporting Lebanon’s economic development efforts. 

ADFD also visited the Banque de l’Habitat (Housing Bank) in Beirut to explore cooperation on offering concessional loans to support housing solutions and enable citizens to access affordable housing. Both parties agreed to continue coordination, including upcoming meetings in Abu Dhabi to discuss project implementation and follow-up on proposed initiatives.

“The Fund’s participation underscores the UAE’s commitment to supporting friendly nations, continuing its leading role in fostering international cooperation. ADFD’s partnership with Lebanon spans over five decades, during which we have helped implement strategic development projects across vital sectors such as infrastructure, education, energy, and healthcare, saud H.E. Mohamed Saif Al Suwaidi, Director General of ADFD. 

Poor Lebanese are fishing illegally, using dynamite
Fish from this Tripole market stall were analyzed to determine the ammonium content inside them in a Green Prophet investigation. The results revealed a very high concentration of ammonium. That means they were fished with dynamite, an ecologically destructive practice.

He added: “Our presence in Lebanon today reaffirms our deep commitment to supporting its government in tackling economic challenges and enhancing the quality of life for the Lebanese people. We aim to leverage our expertise and partnerships to help develop sustainable solutions that align with the country’s aspirations for recovery and reconstruction.”

During the Knowledge Exchange Forum, Lebanese Prime Minister Dr. Nawaf Salam praised ADFD’s instrumental role in supporting Lebanon’s development journey since the 1970s, describing the Fund as a trusted partner throughout various stages of national progress and an enabler of tangible improvements across key sectors.

Youth from 100 countries wrap up Climate Justice Camp, Demand Justice ahead of COP28 The recent Climate Justice Camp concluded, uniting 450 young leaders 450 young leaders from across the Global South. Joining us from the world’s most climate-impacted regions, participants shared their perspectives and realities, exchanged knowledge, and developed demands during more than 100 varied workshops.
COP29 in Lebanon

Site visits to the Port of Beirut, Beirut–Rafic Hariri International Airport, Beirut Governmental Hospital, and various public service institutions further underscored the delegation’s focus on identifying immediate priorities and potential areas of collaboration. Can Lebanon eradicate the Muslim Brotherhood and the Hezbollah ideology? Lebanon was founded as a Christian country, while Syria was intended for Islam. The future of the Middle East is at stake. Faith leaders from the Christian faith should be rising up to help the most important focal point for Middle East reform: Lebanon. 

Swiss village Blatten is flattened by freak glacial melt

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The Swiss village of Blatten
The Swiss village of Blatten, via Wikipedia, before the glacial mudslide

On May 28, 2025, the tranquil Alpine village of Blatten in Switzerland’s Lötschental Valley, about 75 miles west of Geneva, faced a catastrophic event. A massive section of the Birch Glacier, estimated at 1.5 million cubic meters, collapsed, unleashing a torrent of ice, mud, and rock that engulfed the village. Some 90% of the village was destroyed, and one man is missing. Climate change is to blame.

Blatten sheep grazing near the glacier in the summer.

Prior to the disaster, authorities had evacuated approximately 300 residents and livestock due to warnings about the glacier’s instability. Swiss Authorities here issued a warming, 6 days ago. You can count on the Swiss for being prepared. Despite these precautions, a 64-year-old man remains missing, and search operations involving drones with thermal imaging are ongoing hoping to find him.

Mudslide from Blatten, Switzerland

The landslide also buried the nearby Lonza River bed, raising concerns about potential flooding from dammed water flows. The Swiss army has been deployed to assist with rescue efforts and to monitor the evolving situation.

Having hiked the glaciers of the Italian area of the Swiss Alps, I recall the serene beauty and the sense of permanence these ice formations exuded. But I also sensed the danger when hiking on them. One wrong step could make me slide off a cliff. Passages are often intersected by glacial runoff. This tragic event in Blatten underscores the fragility of such landscapes in the face of climate change. The increasing frequency of glacier collapses is a stark reminder of the urgent need to address global warming.

Blatten before and after, captured by a village webcam

Switzerland, home to the most glaciers in Europe, has witnessed significant glacier volume losses—4% in 2023 and 6% in 2022. The collapse in Blatten is not an isolated incident but part of a broader pattern of glacial instability linked to rising global temperatures, Swiss glaciologists and scientists believe.

People go to Blatten bei Naters for its breathtaking views of the Aletsch Glacier, the largest in the Alps and a UNESCO World Heritage site. It’s a haven for hikers, skiers, and nature lovers, offering dramatic alpine scenery, tranquil trails, and access to the Belalp resort. The village also appeals to families and photographers drawn to its panoramic lookouts over the glacier.

Visitors could reach Blatten by taking a train to Brig or Naters, then a local bus or car up the winding mountain road. No doubt all tourism in the area should be avoided at this time.

They Call Her Madam Torti. She Might Be the Only One Who Can Save Seychelles Turtles

Jeanne Mortimer, the Dianne Fossey of sea turtles. She changed everything in the Seychelles.
Jeanne Mortimer, the Dianne Fossey of sea turtles. She changed everything in the Seychelles.

Assomption Island is the back door to one of the last unspoiled corners of Seychelles, the Aldabra Atoll. The Seychelles is a nation of people that control 115 islands scattered across the Indian Ocean. With just over 100,000 people and a heroin crisis afflicting nearly 10% of its population, this small country faces vast and complex challenges. But perhaps none are more pressing—or more invisible to the wider world—than the fate of its sea turtles.

At the center of this story is Dr. Jeanne A Mortimer, an American-Seychellois biologist who has been studying sea turtles since 1973 and working in Seychelles since 1981. Known affectionately as “Madam Torti” among locals, Jeanne is not an activist. She’s not leading protests or lobbying parliament. She is, as always, knee-deep in research—methodically documenting, measuring, walking the beaches at dawn, and then later at night when the turtles nest, and publishing what she finds.

And what she finds is urgent.

Assomption Beach Too Valuable to Lose

The Aldabra coral atoll is one of the world’s largest and reported to have been first discovered in 916AD
Assomption Island, view from a plane.

Assomption lies just 20 miles from the Aldabra Atoll, a UNESCO World Heritage Site world-renowned for its giant tortoises, sea turtles, and pristine ecosystem. But while Aldabra has enjoyed global protection since 1968, Assomption, once over-mined for guano, remains largely overlooked. Development on Assomption will directly threaten Aldabra Atoll, considered to be an outpost of evolution.

According to Mortimer, Assomption once had the largest population of nesting green turtles in all of Seychelles. The island’s seven kilometers of mostly uninterrupted beach and deep offshore approach make it ideal for both turtle nesting and tourism. “It’s a perfect green turtle beach,” she explains, “better than Aldabra’s in many ways.”

That perfection now puts it at risk. Plans have emerged by a Qatari-based company Assets Group—cloaked in secrecy—for a luxury development of up to 37 private villas along the beach. Some like Syechelles presidential candidate Marco Francis, says the government has been bought off for $50 million. Assets Group agreed to an interview with Green Prophet but it’s been a month and they have not responded to our questions over allegations of terror financing and lack of environmental oversight.

Journalists have been there recently on Assomption, but they were not allowed to leave the tarmac or take photos. Building was clearly visible and construction crews are digging away, says a source to Green Prophet firsthand.

The scale and style of the project, suggest permanent disruption to this fragile ecosystem. No formal environmental survey has been conducted. No baseline turtle data has been published. And Mortimer, arguably the foremost authority on turtles in the region, has not been consulted.

Mortimer’s approach is neither alarmist nor oppositional. Her power lies in knowledge. After receiving her PhD under legendary sea turtle biologist Archie Carr at the University of Florida, she brought her expertise to Seychelles at the request of WWF and the local government. Her mandate: to study all turtle activity across the archipelago’s 155 islands.

See our talk with Jeanne Mortimer:

To reach remote islands like Cosmoledo, she traveled aboard supply ships like the Cinq Juin, slept on the floor of yacht galleys during high monsoons, getting soaked with water, and sometimes posed as a cook just to gain passage. Guests aboard the cabin caught on that she knew too much about Biology to be a standard cook.

Once, she stayed five months on Cosmoledo atoll among a dozen Seychellois turtle hunters, documenting the precise dynamics of a community reliant on harvesting turtles, sharks, and fish. When camping at night she wore socks on her feet and keep her hair wrapped in cloth so island rats wouldn’t nibble on her toes or collect her hair for making nests. She even ate turtles because food choices, those days, were slim.

In the early 80s: Fishermen cleaning and salting their catch at Grand Ile at the end of the day. Salt and fish are stored in the empty turtle carapaces on the ground. Image via Jeanne Mortimer.
In the early 80s: Fishermen cleaning and salting their catch at Grand Ile at the end of the day. Salt and fish are stored in the empty turtle carapaces on the ground. Image via Jeanne Mortimer.

Her presence changed them. “When I first arrived, the men were worried I would interfere,” she later wrote. “But by living with them, working alongside them, they developed a new perspective.” She never asked them to stop; she simply watched, listened, and recorded. That data formed the foundation for Seychelles’ 1994 decision to ban turtle hunting entirely.

She laments those days even, because they had a culture around hunting sharks and fishing and turtles, citing a fondness for Mazarin as the fisherman of fishers. She didn’t judge as it was their income and way of life. There are even times when she helped salt the fish for fear it would spoil before reaching the market.

Turtles were harpooned from the small fishing boats. I sometimes went turtle hunting with themen. Photos show Mazarin ready to throw the harpoon, and then pulling the turtle up to the boat.
“Turtles were harpooned from the small fishing boats. I sometimes went turtle hunting with the
men. Photos show Mazarin ready to throw the harpoon, and then pulling the turtle up to the boat.”
Shark Fishing at Cosmoledo in 1982Above: Sometimes the men, especially Mazarin, went out in their small boats and fished for shark all night long. A single night’s catch might comprise as many as 10 large sharks.
“Shark Fishing at Cosmoledo in 1982. Sometimes the men, especially Mazarin, went out in their small boats and fished for shark all night long. A single night’s catch might comprise as many as 10 large sharks,” says Jeanne Mortimer. Image supplied by Mortimer.

Assomption: A Mirror of the Past

She says that what happened at Cosmoledo in the 1980s is relevant today on Assomption. The threat has shifted—from salted meat and tortoiseshell to artificial light and luxury development—but the stakes remain the same.
“Turtles are most vulnerable when they’re nesting,” Mortimer explains. “And we now know that females may take 30 to 35 years to reach sexual maturity. When they do, they return to the same beach again and again—sometimes for decades.”

These are the turtles that Assomption once hosted in abundance. And thanks to early signs of recovery, they are starting to return. If left undisturbed, Mortimer believes Assomption’s green turtle population could rival or exceed Aldabra’s.

But the Qatari villa development underway presents a new kind of threat. “The biggest issue is lighting,” she says. “Turtles won’t nest if there’s light on the beach. Hatchlings get disoriented. It’s one of the most studied impacts we know.”

And it’s not just turtles. Assomption hosts rare insect communities and bat populations, many of which could be wiped out by light pollution alone. Developers have reportedly promised a 1% footprint—but Mortimer warns that artificial light knows no boundaries. She also knows how devastating pesticides against bugs will harm the insects and the bats that feed off them. She once wanted to be an entomologist and knows how delicately all parts of island nature is connected.

In over five decades of work across more than 20 countries, Mortimer has seen conservation succeed. The many long-term monitoring programs she has coordinated in Seychelles—at places like Cousin, Aride, D’Arros and Aldabra—are now scientific goldmines. They prove that when science and policy align, recovery is not only possible, it is inevitable. Save Our Seas Foundation has been very helpful to her research, she says.

Jeanne Mortimer with a sea turtle
Jeanne Mortimer with a sea turtle

But Assomption is different. No formal turtle survey has ever been published for the island. No environmental management plan is in place. And development is already underway. Educating locals is one thing but now with international investment it’s a beast she has no experience in tackling and is letting environmental activists do the job.

It is, says Mortimer, “a very valid concern.”

She’s not fighting it. But she’s watching, documenting, and—when asked—offering solutions. “Turtle-friendly development is not a metaphor,” she explains. “It’s a science. Setback lines. Blackout curtains. No visible light from the beach. We know how to do this.”

The problem, as she puts it, is not science right now —it’s politics. “I don’t know why they haven’t asked me to help. But I would.”

Despite everything, Mortimer remains focused on what can still be saved. She invests where she can have impact. And she believes in young people—especially the children of those with power.

“If a Qatari child sees a turtle nesting and says, ‘Hey Mom, Dad, we should protect this,’ that might do more than any scientist,” she told me.

Legendary turtle expert Jeanne Mortimer watches a hawksbill turtle return to the ocean after laying her eggs on one of D’Arros Island’s beaches. Photo by Rainer von Brandis | © Save Our Seas Foundation

Her advice to the next generation isn’t to give up plastic straws. It’s to demand structural change. “The real responsibility lies with governments and corporations. Not individual guilt. We need investment in alternatives—seaweed-based plastics, smart design, policy change.”

Dr. Mortimer served as a mentor and inspiration to Dr. Yaniv Levy, now one of the Mediterranean’s leading sea turtle conservationists who lived on and near Aldabra Atoll for 2 years. He has built a sea turtle hospital, develops complex rehabilitation devices, and artificial flippers and runs a breeding program where he releases thousands of baby sea turtles back to the sea every year with the help of 600 volunteers. His latest research shows how animal feedstock bags tossed into the sea, contribute to sea turtle mortality.

Levy says that Mortimer’s encouragement and science-first approach inspired him when he met her on Aldabra and shaped his philosophy of protection through data and experience. She is the grandmother of sea turtle research, and leads the conversation globally in the annual sea turtle conference.

Meanwhile, Mortimer isn’t slowing down, but rather speeding up so the science gets published. She continues to write papers, to walk beaches, and to document what others might overlook. Assomption, for now, remains a question mark—a fragile bridge between two possible futures.

Karin Kloosterman is a former biologist and works as a science journalist and founder of Green Prophet. She interviewed Dr. Jeanne Mortimer for this story in Seychelles and is actively investigating the conservation status of Assomption Island.

To read more in our series see:

Seychelles Island under threat and linked to terror funds

Seychelles and the battle with royalty and rats – a talk with Adrian Skerrett

He lived on Aldabra Atoll and was inspired to protect sea turtles forever

They knew they shouldn’t be there: journalist Kevin Gepford writing a book on tortoises from Aldabra Atoll

Nirmal Jivan Sha on the history of conservation in the Seychelles

Seychelles Island sold to Qatar, leaving the conservationists out

Iraq’s Ancient Water Wisdom Faces a Modern Reckoning

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qanat, qanat system, ancient water system, Persian qanat, Middle East irrigation, traditional irrigation, underground aqueduct, water channel, sustainable water management, desert irrigation, ancient engineering, qanat Iran, qanat Iraq, water conservation, historical water system, aquifer irrigation, traditional water technology, UNESCO qanat, old irrigation method, qanat architecture
An ancient Qanat system in Persia. Spread throughout the arid Middle East, these systems predated Roman aqueducts but the historical narrative isn’t told

 

As tensions over water intensify across Iraq and the wider Middle East, the 5th Baghdad International Water Conference has cast a timely spotlight on the country’s fragile water future—and its ancient hydrological past.

Held in the heart of Mesopotamia—where early civilizations once mastered the art of water management—the conference drew regional experts and leaders to Baghdad to confront a crisis that’s becoming more urgent by the year: water scarcity. With rivers running dry and modern agricultural systems straining under the pressure, Iraq finds itself at a crossroads between its hydraulic heritage and an increasingly parched present.

Aflaj, qanat UAE
The Aflaj Irrigation Systems of Oman are ancient water channels from 500 AD located in the regions of Dakhiliyah, Sharqiyah and Batinah. However, they represent a type of irrigation system as old as 5000 years in the region named as Qanat or Kariz as originally named in Persia.

The land between the Tigris and Euphrates was once a wellspring of invention. Thousands of years before modern irrigation, the Sumerians, Akkadians, Babylonians, and Assyrians carved canals, engineered flood basins, and developed qanat systems—ingenious underground channels that carried water from mountain springs to distant farms.

These systems weren’t just technical achievements; they were the lifeblood of cities, temples, and trade. Water determined everything—from the rise of empires to the poetry etched into clay tablets.

Iraq marsh people know how to live with water

But today, the once-mighty rivers that sustained those ancient cultures are shrinking. Dams upstream, salinization, climate shocks, and mismanagement have left Iraq’s water infrastructure overburdened and outdated. Agriculture now consumes over 90% of Iraq’s water, yet crop yields are falling. Some estimates suggest that without reform, wheat and barley yields could drop by half by 2050.

How a qanat works

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These aren’t just numbers. Iraq’s rural communities—many of whom still rely on traditional farming—are already being uprooted by water shortages. Marshlands, once teeming with biodiversity and cultural life, are evaporating. The disappearance of water from ancestral lands threatens to sever ties to history, religion, and identity.

This has ignited conflict—not just between nations sharing river systems, but within Iraq itself. Disputes over water rights are rising, and in some areas, violence has already erupted. A younger generation, particularly women and smallholder farmers, are being left with few options: adapt or leave.

Qanat in Iran persia aerial photo of water irrigation system
The Persian Qanat: Aerial View, Jupar

Despite the severity of the situation, Iraq isn’t without solutions. The country is rediscovering the value of its past while cautiously embracing modern technologies. Sometimes, like in Afghanistan the outcome can be dubious. Opium farmers now use solar powered water pumps to cultivate poppies.

opium solar panels Afghanistan
Solar panels are a boon for the planet but they are now fueling bumper crops of poppies for the opium trade. Via the NY Times.

Remote sensing tools, such as those used in the WaPOR programme, are helping farmers monitor water use and optimize irrigation. Solar-powered systems, being piloted in neighboring Egypt and Tunisia, offer hope for regions where diesel pumps are no longer viable. Community-led water user associations—reminiscent of ancient collective water governance structures—are being revived to restore trust and accountability.

7 Startups Redefining Sustainable Consumer Products in 2025

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Jak shoes make as slow fashion from Portugal out of apple waste and leather
Jaks shoes make as slow fashion from Portugal out of apple waste and leather

In 2025, sustainability is no longer a luxury or a greenwashed afterthought—it’s a business imperative. Consumers around the world are making purchasing decisions based not just on price or style, but on how products are made, what they’re made of, and what happens after they’re used. Enter a wave of bold startups building circular, ethical, and regenerative models for everyday items—from sneakers and smartphones to menstrual pads and incense sticks.

Here are seven standout startups proving that sustainability and innovation go hand in hand.

1. Akyn (UK) – Redefining Ethical Fashion: Founded by British designer Amy Powney, Akyn is more than a clothing label—it’s a quiet rebellion against fast fashion. Built on the principles of transparency, timelessness, and traceability, Akyn uses organic cotton, regenerative wool, and natural dyes. Every piece is designed to last beyond seasons, with full supply chain traceability back to the farm. As the UK rethinks fashion’s carbon footprint, Akyn leads with substance and style.

Akyn

2. Rothy’s (USA) – Turning Bottles Into Ballet Flats: Based in San Francisco, Rothy’s is famous for transforming recycled plastic bottles into sleek, washable shoes and accessories. With 3D knitting technology that minimizes waste, Rothy’s has repurposed more than 179 million bottles and over 20,000 used shoes to date. Their latest push in 2025? Fully circular retail stores, where worn-out Rothy’s can be dropped off and reincarnated into new designs.

Rothys

3. Fairphone is flipping the script on electronics with a modular smartphone that’s easy to repair, upgrade, and recycle. The Dutch startup sources fair-trade gold, conflict-free tin and tungsten, and recycled plastics. In a world awash in e-waste, Fairphone is leading the “right to repair” movement—and showing big tech how ethical hardware can still turn a profit.

Fairphone

4. LastObject (Denmark) – Saying Goodbye to Single-Use: Copenhagen-based LastObject produces reusable alternatives to everyday personal care items—cotton swabs, tissues, and even makeup pads. Their signature product, LastSwab, replaces 1,000 disposable Q-tips. The brand’s minimalist design and bold messaging have resonated with a new generation of climate-conscious consumers. It’s not just zero waste—it’s zero nonsense.

Last Objects

5. Bamboo India – A Green Toothbrush Revolution. Plastic toothbrushes are one of the most common items found in landfills. And the microplastics get into our bodies when we brush. Pune-based Bamboo India is changing that with biodegradable bamboo toothbrushes, earbuds, and eco-gift items. What started as a small social initiative has become a household name across India, with a rapidly expanding global presence. Their mission: eliminate single-use plastic from your morning routine.

Bamboo India

6. Nirmalaya (India) – From Temple Waste to Sacred Scents. Every day, Indian temples generate tons of floral waste. Nirmalaya saw an opportunity in the problem—transforming discarded flowers into incense sticks, essential oils, and organic colors. Based in Delhi, the startup combines tradition with innovation, tackling waste while preserving the spiritual significance of its raw materials. It’s an elegant fusion of circular design and cultural reverence.

Nirmalaya
Nirmalaya

7. Eco Femme (India) – Menstrual Health Meets Social Impact: In Tamil Nadu, Eco Femme is producing washable, organic cotton menstrual pads and distributing them through education-focused programs across rural India. This women-led social enterprise is helping reduce the mountains of plastic waste created by disposable pads—while empowering women and girls with dignity and information. Their pads have reached thousands, but their model is reaching minds.

Eco Femme

These startups aren’t just selling products—they’re selling a new way to live. Each is proof that consumer goods can be high-quality, beautiful, and regenerative at the same time. From fashion and tech to wellness and waste, they’re building a future where sustainability isn’t a niche—it’s the norm. Now all of these are global products. Take an idea from this list and make it local.

 

Ayahuasca in 2025: Where the Sacred Vine Still Grows

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Image of Shaman, via Derek Dodds

Once whispered about in underground circles and jungle clearings, the psychedelic brew known as ayahuasca is now a global phenomenon—and in 2025, its reach shows no sign of slowing. From Silicon Valley executives to trauma survivors, the call of the vine continues to draw seekers from all corners of the world. But the practice, steeped in centuries of Amazonian tradition, is facing new pressures as demand grows and legality shifts across borders.

The spiritual and medicinal use of ayahuasca originates with Indigenous peoples of the Amazon basin, particularly in Peru, Brazil, Colombia, and Ecuador. In places like Iquitos and Tarapoto, ayahuasca ceremonies are still held in malokas (circular huts), guided by shamans who sing icaros—healing songs meant to direct the energies of the ceremony.

Nihue Rao shamans
Nihue Rao shamans

Retreat centers such as Temple of the Way of Light and Nihue Rao continue to host international guests seeking healing, insight, or deep spiritual transformation. These centers often blend tradition with modern therapy models, including pre- and post-ceremony integration sessions.

Rising Centers: Costa Rica and Portugal

Ayahuasca tea being prepared. Wikipedia

Outside of the Amazon, Costa Rica has emerged as a popular and well-regarded destination for ayahuasca work. Retreat centers like Rythmia Life Advancement Center offer week-long experiences that combine plant medicine with yoga, breathwork, and Western-style psychological support.

Portugal, too, is becoming a hub, largely due to its relaxed drug laws and growing psychedelic community. Though not legal per se, ceremonies often operate in a gray area with minimal interference from authorities.

In the United States, ayahuasca remains federally illegal due to its DMT content—a Schedule I substance. However, several religious organizations, such as the Santo Daime Church and União do Vegetal (UDV), have received legal exemptions to use ayahuasca in sacramental ceremonies.

Beyond these groups, underground ceremonies have proliferated, particularly in cities like Los Angeles, San Francisco, and New York, where local decriminalization movements have deprioritized the enforcement of psychedelic drug laws. These events are often invite-only and framed as “healing circles” rather than religious rites. It is also believed to be quite popular in Israel as well, where you can find a healing ceremony –– much needed in this intense time of conflict.

Who’s Drinking Ayahuasca in 2025?

The profile of the typical ayahuasca participant has shifted. While still attracting spiritual seekers and New Age devotees, today’s ceremonies are increasingly attended by:

  • Tech and creative professionals seeking clarity, focus, or emotional breakthroughs.

  • Military veterans looking to address trauma and PTSD.

  • Therapists and healers incorporating the experience into their own personal development.

  • Women and mothers exploring ceremony as part of rites of passage or ancestral healing.

Ayahuasca is also becoming a tool for psychedelic integration therapists, many of whom now have firsthand experience with the medicine as part of their training or personal exploration. While the effects can feel transformative, it is important to do the real work on yourself after the experience.

But with popularity comes complexity. Indigenous leaders and activists have raised concerns about cultural appropriation, overharvesting of ayahuasca vines, and the commercialization of sacred traditions. Some Amazonian communities are pushing back, creating frameworks for reciprocity and ethical sourcing.

Organizations like The Indigenous Medicine Conservation Fund are advocating for fair compensation, intellectual property protection, and cultural sovereignty for the original stewards of the medicine.

Is It Safe?

Ayahuasca is not a party drug. The brew often leads to intense physical purging (vomiting, shaking, crying) and emotional processing. While many report life-changing insights, others have experienced psychological distress, especially when ceremonies are held without proper guidance or integration support.

In rare cases, ayahuasca can be dangerous—especially for people with certain psychiatric conditions or those taking antidepressants or SSRIs. That’s why screening and aftercare are now standard practice at reputable retreat centers. This should be said about cannabis, which is now banned in Florida. Canada is allowing all cannabis to be legal for recreation use, making it accessible to very young teens.