Page 43 – Green Prophet

Plastic collected in bird nests is tiny time capsule

Act
Animals

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March 6, 2025

Urban ecologist Auke-Florian Hiemstra sorts through trash found inside a coot’s nest.Hielco Kuipers — Urban ecologist Auke-Florian Hiemstra sorts through trash found inside a coot’s nest. Hielco Kuipers

Birds are urban foragers in the most complete sense. I once found a nest in my backyard with a piece of dark blue wool I had been using to knit a scarf for a loved one. That made my heart warm. But when the winds blow in the spring, the old birds nests in my city come loose and I find all manners of plastic bits in their nests from construction sites to wrappers from food. That makes my heart sad. Especially with so much plastics being found in the human body.

Auke-Florian Hiemstra, a scientist from Holland, is looking into the nest of urban birds and is finding the most unusual wrappers, some going back decades in time. He’s like an urban archeologist, understanding how birds construct their nests and reuse materials year after year. One nest, from a Eurasian coot (Fulica atra), was retrieved from an Amsterdam canal with layers going back 30 years in time: the outer layers contained several face masks from the pandemic, while the base held a Mars bar wrapper promoting the 1994 FIFA World Cup.

The discovery sheds light on the growing interaction between urban wildlife and human-made materials, a trend that has intensified in recent decades. Birds, particularly in cities, are increasingly incorporating plastic and other human debris into their nests. He has even found bird nests made from anti-bird spikes. “Even for me as a nest researcher, these are the craziest bird nests I’ve ever seen. Today my paper came out on this rebellious behaviour. And it’s like telling a joke…”

Typically, coots build new nests each year, but in urban areas, “reusing the foundation of older plastic nests may save time, giving the birds more opportunities to forage or defend their territory,” says Hiemstra. However, he adds, “These face masks — part of our pandemic layer — pose a serious hazard for coots, especially with their large, dinosaur-like feet.”

This can offer practical benefits, such as reusing the structural components of old nests, which can save valuable time and energy. Yet, these materials also come with risks. While the plastic may be convenient, it is not biodegradable and poses a long-term hazard to the birds.

Bird nests and food wrappers help date the nests

The face masks found in the nest are particularly concerning, as they can entangle or restrict the movement of the coots, especially given their large, heavy feet. This poses a significant danger, as entanglement can affect the birds’ ability to forage for food or escape from predators.

Furthermore, the accumulation of plastic in natural habitats is a growing environmental issue, with animals unknowingly ingesting or getting trapped in discarded plastic materials. Trump brings back the plastic straw is a win for some, a loss for wildlife.

The researchers are calling for more awareness of this issue, urging urban planners and environmentalists to consider the impact of waste on local wildlife. As human society produces ever more plastic waste, it is essential to find ways to mitigate its effects on the ecosystems that share our cities.

Hiemstra hopes that this study on birds nests will encourage more research into how wildlife adapts to urban environments and the materials they encounter there, while also highlighting the need for better waste management and conservation efforts.

Hiemstra, together with his girlfriend Liselotte Rambonnet and a team of volunteers, takes to the city’s canals every week to rid them of plastic waste. He has also written a children’s book about animals in the city.

Your Sweat is Unlocking Toxins in Plastic—Here’s Why Natural Fibers Matter

Fashion

Karin Kloosterman

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March 6, 2025

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A recent scientific study has found that some people have up to a crayon’s worth of plastic in their brains. How is it getting there? A 2023 study revealed that human sweat can extract toxic chemicals from microplastics, potentially making them available for absorption through the skin. This discovery raises serious concerns about the synthetic materials we wear every day like yoga pants and synthetic underwear.

Researchers at the University of Birmingham tested common plastic microfibers in a lab using synthetic sweat. Their findings, published in Environmental Science and Technology, showed that brominated flame retardants—chemicals commonly used to enhance plastic performance—leached out of the microplastics upon contact with sweat. These chemicals, previously linked to neurotoxicity, reproductive harm, and cancer in animal studies, could now pose direct risks to human health.

Polyethylene microplastics were found to release the highest levels of these toxic additives. Alarmingly, our skin is in constant contact with microplastics—not only from clothing but also from dust, plastic aligners for our teeth, cosmetics, and even the air we breathe.

Dr. Mohamed Abdallah, a lead researcher on the study, emphasized that human sweat contains oily components that accelerate the leaching process, making these chemicals more readily available for skin absorption. With microplastics already widespread in our environment, the clothing we choose matters more than ever.

“Because toxic flame-retardant chemicals are hydrophobic, it wasn’t clear if they would leach out of the microplastic to human sweat. However, human sweat is a complex mixture that contains oily components known as sebum, which facilitated the leaching of toxic chemicals from microplastics, rendering them available for absorption through the skin.

“With this new evidence, policy makers need to seriously consider the risks of microplastics and human contact with them on a regular basis. We will be continuing to research how these chemicals that can be leached through contact with sweat may be absorbed by human skin on a daily basis.”

Fast Fashion’s Hidden Risk

soft babaa sweater — Sweaters by Babaa use real, natural wool for a sweater than won’t shed microplastics to the environment or your body. We own this sweater and wear it all the time.

Synthetic clothing, often made from polyester, nylon, and acrylic, sheds microplastics with every wash and wear. Now, evidence suggests that these plastic fibers could be releasing harmful chemicals directly onto our skin—especially when we sweat.

The study also found that antiperspirants and foundation increased the bioaccessibility of certain toxic chemicals, making it even easier for them to enter the body. Smaller microplastic particles (0.45mm) doubled the rate at which these chemicals leached out compared to larger particles (4mm), suggesting that prolonged exposure to plastic-based fabrics could worsen the risks.

Related: plastics in your teabags

Natural fibers like organic cotton for clothing and bedding, hemp, and wood-based fabrics such as Tencel and modal offer a safer, breathable alternative to synthetic materials. These fabrics don’t shed microplastics, don’t contain toxic flame retardants, and allow your skin to breathe without the risk of chemical exposure.

As evidence grows about the dangers of microplastic exposure, it’s time to rethink the fabrics we wear daily. Choosing natural fibers isn’t just an eco-friendly decision—it’s a choice for better health.

Love our findings? We have a whole series of microplastics risks, worries and solutions here

Microplastics have invaded our brains

Peace

Karin Kloosterman

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March 6, 2025

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Microplastics in plastic aligners — Microplastics and orthodontic plastic aligners. Is there a health risk of keeping plastic in your months for weeks, months and years?

The findings should trigger alarm, says lead doctor in new study

At Green Prophet, we’ve been sounding the alarm on microplastics for over a decade. From plastic toothbrushes to disposable water bottles and even the invisible fragments shed by plastic teeth aligners, these tiny pollutants are everywhere—and they’re making their way into the most vital parts of our bodies, including our brains.

Plastics have infiltrated the planet’s most remote places, from the depths of the Mariana Trench to fresh Antarctic snow. They are in the dust of the Mojave Desert. Now, scientists are uncovering just how deeply they’ve infiltrated us. Research has revealed microplastics in human lungs, kidneys, and even the bloodstream.

But one of the most concerning discoveries yet? The presence of microplastics in the human brain and in some people if you put it together, it’s about the size of a crayon.

A recent study in Nature by toxicologist Matthew Campen at the University of New Mexico found that human brain tissue contains significant amounts of microplastics. By dissolving brain tissue samples, Campen’s team was able to isolate up to 10 grams of microplastics per brain—about the weight of a crayon. These findings highlight a grim reality: the plastics we ingest, inhale, and absorb from everyday products don’t just pass through our bodies; they accumulate in our organs, including the brain.

“I never would have imagined it was this high. I certainly don’t feel comfortable with this much plastic in my brain, and I don’t need to wait around 30 more years to find out what happens if the concentrations quadruple,” he says.

Scientists are racing to determine what microplastics do once they reach the brain. Early research suggests they may contribute to neuro-inflammation, cell death, and disruptions in brain function. Some studies even point to potential links between microplastics and neurological disorders like Alzheimer’s disease and dementia, though more research is needed to confirm these risks.

Made a brain goo and pulled plastic from the slurry

The researchers chemically dissolved the brain tissue, creating a kind of slurry, then ran it through a centrifuge, which spun out a small pellet containing undissolved plastic. The pellet was then heated to 600 degrees Celsius, a process known as pyrolysis. The researchers captured gas emissions as the plastics burned. Ions derived from the combusted polymers were separated chromatographically and identified with a mass spectrometer.

The technique detected and quantified 12 different polymers, the most common of which was polyethylene, which is widely used for packaging and containers, including bottles and cups.

“Dose makes the poison,” says Campen, adding that the new results should give rise to alarm about a global threat to human health. He acknowledges it can be hard to motivate consumers, who often shrug when warned about environmental contaminants that tend to be measured in parts per billion.

But the new findings might finally get their attention, he said. “I have yet to encounter a single human being who says, ‘There’s a bunch of plastic in my brain and I’m totally cool with that.’”

The team also used transmission electron microscopy to visually examine the same tissue samples that had high polymer concentrations – and found clusters of sharp plastic shards measuring 200 nanometers or less – not much larger than viruses. These are small enough to cross the blood-brain barrier, although Campen says it is unclear how the particles are actually being transported into the brain.

Are heart stents, fake breasts and artificial joints adding to the problem?

It is also unclear what effects plastic, which is considered to be biologically inert and used in medical applications like heart stents and artificial joints, might be having, he said. The physical characteristics of these particles may be the real problem, as opposed to some sort of chemical toxicity.

“We start thinking that maybe these plastics obstruct blood flow in capillaries,” Campen said. “There’s the potential that these nanomaterials interfere with the connections between axons in the brain. They could also be a seed for aggregation of proteins involved in dementia. We just don’t know.”

He suspects that most of the microplastics in the body are ingested through food – particularly meat, because commercial meat production tends to concentrate plastics in the food chain. A great deal of plastic is used in drip irrigation, and in hydroponics, furthering the sustainability question of this kind of “futuristic” food production. Netafim started developing compostable drip pipes a decade ago but jumps in innovation in this area have not been reported.

“The way we irrigate fields with plastic-contaminated water, we postulate that the plastics build up there,” Campen said. “We feed those crops to our livestock. We take the manure and put it back on the field, so there may be a sort of feed-forward biomagnification.”

The team has found high concentrations of plastic in meat bought at grocery stores, he added.

Where Are These Microplastics Coming From?

The plastic in your daily routine could be a major culprit. Here are some common sources:

Plastic Teeth Aligners: Popular alternatives to metal braces, these aligners constantly shed microscopic plastic fragments as they wear down in the mouth.
Toothbrushes: Most toothbrushes are made of plastic, and over time, bristles and handles break down into microplastics that can be ingested or washed into water systems.
Water Bottles: Single-use and even reusable plastic bottles leach microplastics into the water you drink, particularly when exposed to heat.
Food Packaging: Many processed foods come in plastic packaging that releases microplastics into food, especially when heated.
Air Pollution: Microplastics are not just ingested—they are also inhaled. Synthetic clothing, car tires, and industrial waste contribute to airborne microplastic pollution.

The Health Risks: What We Know So Far

While research on microplastics in the human body is still emerging, initial findings are troubling:

Microplastics in the brain could interfere with cognitive functions, potentially contributing to neurodegenerative diseases.

A groundbreaking 2024 study from Harvard found that 60% of heart surgery patients had microplastics in their arteries. Those with plastic particles were 4.5 times more likely to suffer heart attacks, strokes, or death.

Microplastics have been found to trigger immune responses, leading to chronic inflammation.

Many plastics contain endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), which can interfere with hormone regulation and reproductive health.

How to avoid microplastics

Balena, eco and biodegradable sandal slide, plastic, eco plastic, biocir, cycles of decomposition — This company Balena makes a decomposting plastic for shoes and fashion

Reducing exposure to microplastics is challenging but not impossible. Here are some steps you can take:

Use a stainless steel or glass water bottle instead of plastic.
Switch to old fashioned steel braces
Switch to a natural, biodegradable or bamboo toothbrush.
Choose ceramic or stainless steel food containers over plastic ones. A great way to start buying handmade dishes! Avoid or question products from countries like China where glaze testing is unreliable.
Avoid heating food in plastic packaging.
Invest in a high-quality air purifier to reduce airborne plastic particles indoors.
Support policies that limit plastic production and pollution.
Use natural, biodegradable plastics for wrapping food

People with dementia have up to 5 times more microplastics in their brains

Health

Karin Kloosterman

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March 6, 2025

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Microplastics leach out of plastic tea bags, water bottles and its in the food we eat, especially fish. They are in plastic toothbrushes and plastic teeth aligners. Researchers suggest we can cut down exposure dramatically by stopping the use of plastic water bottles and drinking filtered tap water.

New commentary from Canada published this week in Brain Medicine warns we need to work fast on getting microplastics out of our bodies. Researchers in Ottawa discuss findings from a groundbreaking Nature Medicine article on the bioaccumulation of microplastics in decedent human brains. Those are people who have died.

The research reveals that human brains contain approximately a spoon’s worth of microplastics and nanoplastics – MNPs – with levels 3 to 5 times higher in individuals with documented dementia diagnoses.

More concerning still, brain tissues showed 7 to 30 times higher concentrations of MNPs compared to other organs like the liver or kidney, which means that microplastics are bio-accumulating in the brain. Heat treatments like saunas may help sweat them out, but we need to start turning urgently to bioplastics, those made from algae, sugarcane and natural sources.

Microplastics testicles poster — Microplastics are in your testicles in a NY Subway ad, via Laurie Balbo for Green Prophet

“The dramatic increase in brain microplastic concentrations over just eight years, from 2016 to 2024, is particularly alarming,” said Dr. Nicholas Fabiano from the University of Ottawa’s Department of Psychiatry, lead author of the Commentary. “This rise mirrors the exponential increase we’re seeing in environmental microplastic levels.”

Of particular concern are particles smaller than 200 nanometers, predominantly composed of polyethylene, which show notable deposition in cerebrovascular walls and immune cells. This size allows them to potentially cross the blood-brain barrier, raising questions about their role in neurological conditions.

gold dust graduation from Walmart — The gold dust bought at Walmart may make your graduation photo pretty. But one blow and it’s forever cycling as microplastics that will get into our lungs.

The Commentary review highlights practical strategies for reducing exposure, noting that switching from bottled to filtered tap water alone could reduce microplastic intake from 90,000 to 4,000 particles per year, he says.

The research team also explores potential elimination pathways, including evidence that sweating might help remove certain plastic-derived compounds from the body. However, Dr. David Puder, host of the Psychiatry & Psychotherapy Podcast, warned, “We need more research to wrap our heads around microplastics—rather than wrapping our brains in them—since this could be one of the biggest environmental storms most people never saw coming.

“The commentary calls for urgent research priorities, including establishing clear exposure limits and assessing long-term health consequences of microplastic accumulation. The authors emphasize the need for large-scale human studies to determine dose-response relationships between microplastic exposure and chronic health outcomes.”

A Simple Change Can Reduce Your Microplastic Intake from 90,000 to 4,000 Particles Per Year

Health

Julie Steinbeck

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March 6, 2025

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Microplastics have infiltrated nearly every aspect of modern life, from the personal care products we use to the food we consume. These tiny plastic fragments, often smaller than a grain of rice, have been linked to potential health risks, including harm to the digestive, respiratory, and reproductive systems. Some studies even suggest they may contribute to serious conditions such as lung and colon cancer. A recent study says that humans may have as much as one teaspoon of microplastics in their brains!

We are just starting to learn about the effects of microplastics and as they build up in the body the effects may be irreversible.

According to a newly released scientific paper, three medical experts assert that switching from bottled water to filtered tap water could significantly decrease annual microplastic consumption—dropping it by about 90%, from 90,000 to 4,000 particles per year.

How to reduce exposure to microplastics

picture of a reusable water bottle — A steel water bottle

Completely eliminating microplastic exposure is unlikely, given their widespread presence in the environment. However, the researchers, publishing in Genomic Press, emphasize that targeting the most significant sources of intake is a more practical strategy.

“The dramatic increase in brain microplastic concentrations over just eight years, from 2016 to 2024, is particularly alarming,” notes Dr. Nicholas Fabiano from the University of Ottawa’s Department of Psychiatry, lead author of the Commentary. “This rise mirrors the exponential increase we’re seeing in environmental microplastic levels.”

Bottled water remains one of the largest contributors to microplastic ingestion. Data from the beverage industry indicates that bottled water was the most popular packaged drink in the US last year, with Americans consuming 16.2 billion gallons—a 2% increase from 2023. However, plastic particles can shed into bottled water over time, especially when bottles are squeezed or exposed to heat.

“Bottled water alone can expose people to nearly as many microplastic particles annually as all ingested and inhaled sources combined,” says Dr. Brandon Luu, an Internal Medicine Resident at the University of Toronto. “Switching to tap water could reduce this exposure by almost 90%, making it one of the simplest ways to cut down on microplastic intake.”

Other significant sources include plastic tea bags, which can release millions of micro and nano-sized particles per brewing session. He also highlights that how we heat and store food matters. “Heating food in plastic containers—especially in the microwave—can release substantial amounts of microplastics and nanoplastics,” he explains. “Avoiding plastic food storage and using glass or stainless steel alternatives is a small but meaningful step in limiting exposure.

“While these changes make sense, we still need research to confirm whether lowering intake leads to reduced accumulation in human tissues.”

If switching to filtered tap water isn’t an option, there are other effective ways to limit microplastic exposure.

Beyond bottled water, alcohol and seafood have been identified as other significant dietary sources of microplastics. Fish swim in a sea of microplastics and when we eat fish, we eat the plastic too. Researchers also warn against heating food in plastic containers, as this practice can release millions of microplastic particles per square centimeter in just minutes. Microplastics are less than 5mm in size and some are not visible to the naked eye. They can fibers from clothes, fragments and beads, or pieces of film used in food packaging.

Other recommendations for reducing exposure include:

Storing food in glass or stainless steel instead of plastic
Limiting consumption of canned and highly processed foods
Avoiding microwaving meals in plastic containers

One study found that highly processed foods, such as chicken nuggets, contained 30 times more microplastics per gram than unprocessed chicken breast. This underscores the role of industrial food processing, where plastics are often used in various stages of production.

The global plastic industry produces approximately 460 million metric tons of plastic annually, with projections suggesting this could rise to 1.1 billion metric tons by 2050. We already see research that shows that recycling programs are a lie in the Western world as most plastics are not recycled and when recycling they emit toxic chemicals.

On an individual level, Americans are estimated to inhale and ingest between 39,000 and 52,000 microplastic particles each year. These particles have been found in human blood, lungs, kidneys, livers, testicles, the brain and even placentas.

Recent research suggests that microplastics can disrupt gut bacteria, cause inflammation, and harm intestinal cells. Even more alarming, a study published last month revealed that the human brain may contain the equivalent of a spoonful of plastic fragments.The researchers behind the latest paper advocate for more in-depth studies on the long-term health effects of microplastic exposure. They also call for clear regulatory limits on microplastic consumption.

While minimizing intake seems like a logical step, the authors caution that it remains uncertain whether these reductions will directly lead to lower plastic accumulation in human tissues. However, given the potential risks, making simple lifestyle changes—like switching to filtered tap water—could be a crucial step toward reducing microplastic exposure and protecting long-term health.

Vivobarefoot Unveils ‘Unbound’: A Documentary Championing Women’s Footwear Liberation

Fashion

Julie Steinbeck

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March 5, 2025

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Vivobarefoot, a pioneer in minimalist footwear, proudly announces the release of “Unbound,” a compelling short documentary that challenges conventional beliefs about women’s footwear and its impact on health. This initiative seeks to empower women to reclaim their natural strength and embrace the benefits of barefoot movement. For centuries, societal norms have perpetuated the idea that “beauty is pain,” leading many women to endure discomfort from narrow, pointy, and heeled shoes.

These footwear choices have often been linked to persistent foot problems and broader health issues. “Unbound” delves into this narrative, shedding light on the adverse effects of modern footwear and advocating for a return to natural foot movement.The documentary is a collaboration with visionary filmmaker Becky Hutner, known for “Fashion Reimagined,” and Oscar-nominated producer Melissa Robledo of “Food, Inc.”

It features insights from five women across diverse fields—including medicine, academia, sports, wellness, and indigenous culture—each sharing their holistic health journeys and perspectives on the importance of natural foot health.Among them are, Tati Gabrielle, pictured below.

She advocates for strong feet which connect with the ground and how this has played an important role in her personal wellness (scoliosis, mental health), and in her Martial Arts training, which will be showcased in Mortal Kombat in Fall 2025, her biggest role yet. barefoot shoes, united states Others featured in the movie are Radhi Devulkia-Shetty, a plant-based cookbook author and natural health thought leader; Rina Harris, a functional podiatrist; Bonnie Wright, a Hollywood star in her youth (Ginny Weasley from Harry Potter); Arizona Muse — and why off-duty models prefer to be barefoot.

“Unbound” is not just a film; it’s a movement encouraging women to question what’s ‘normal’ in footwear, reclaim their natural strength, and discover the joy of barefoot movement. By highlighting personal stories and expert opinions, the documentary aims to inspire a shift towards healthier footwear choices and overall well-being. Vivobarefoot invites everyone to watch “Unbound” and join the conversation on women’s footwear liberation.

The documentary is available for viewing on the Vivobarefoot website.

For more information, please visit Vivobarefoot Women’s Barefoot Liberation.

Hard To Get Eggs? Raise Chickens!

Animals
Food

Miriam Kresh

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March 5, 2025

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This sign was in a New York supermarket in January of this year. Have you seen one like it where you live?

Eggs are scarce these days, and when you can get your hands on a dozen, the price shocks you.
According to data from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, the current average cost of a dozen eggs in the U.S. is $4.95. That’s 53% more than a year ago: a wallop to the wallet.

Ordinarily, you wouldn’t think twice about scrambling a couple of eggs, or cracking half a dozen eggs into cake batter, but now eggs are so expensive that people are almost hoarding them. And if you’re paying more for breakfast at the corner café these days, it may be that they’re adding a surcharge for the eggs used.

The rise in the cost of eggs is due to the virulent outbreak of H5N1, a contagious, fatal strain of avian flu that’s killed 140 million egg-laying birds since early 2022 and continues sweeping through American chicken farms. The U.S. Department of Agriculture reports that more than 20 million egg-laying chickens in the U.S. died from avian flu last quarter alone.

Turkeys, ducks and other poultry die in the millions as well, but for the American consumer, it’s about those chicken eggs. 250 million eggs are consumed each day in the country. Where will the eggs come from?

Some are actually smuggling eggs in from Canada and Mexico. But it looks like legitimately imported eggs will come from Turkey. The American Farm Bureau Federation says that the US is looking to import 420 million eggs from there this year. Yet Turkish eggs probably won’t cover the demand.

“While this is enough to offset some productions losses, it won’t provide much support if HPAI (avian flu) continues at its current pace,” said Bernt Nelson, an economist at the American Farm Bureau Federation.

Why not go self-sufficient and raise chickens?

Green Prophet’s Karin Kloosterman raised chickens in her backyard. Read all about it here.

Karin Kloosternan, eggs make your own coop — Karin Kloosterman as a child with eggs from her chickens

Consider the benefits. Fresh eggs at hand, of course. Even meat, if you’re willing, and raise enough hens. With success, you may cover expenses and even make some money selling surplus eggs, or barter with them. I can see bartering 4 eggs for a bouquet of garden roses, or 12 for an hour of light housework. And there’s the enormous satisfaction in taking charge of your food supply.

Consider also how involving kids in the routine outdoor tasks builds character, as old folks used to say. It’s different from getting an allowance for helping around the house when it’s real, live creatures a kid is helping with. A healthy hen can live 10 or even 15 years, although her egg-laying will taper off after age 5 or so; long enough to become a pet if you allow it.

Chickens don’t need to free range to be happy, healthy and productive. It’s possible to raise chickens even in cities. What you need is a backyard and commitment. A well-built coop and an enclosed run offer protection from predators and the weather, as well as space to nest and run around.

There’s plenty of reliable information about raising backyard chickens on the Net. The University of Minnesota Extension site offers a comprehensive beginner’s guide. Here’s another useful guide from PetMD about what you need to know about raising backyard chickens.

If this strikes a note, do your research before buying a flock of chicks. You’ll need zoning permits and probably, the neighbor’s agreement. Consult local authorities such as your local homeowners association or poultry enthusiasts in your community.

With a well-informed plan in hand, you can go into your home egg production confidently. And beat the market.

Here are some eggy recipes to fire up your chicken-raising ambition:

Shakshuka, Tunisian Eggs Poached in Tomato Sauce

Saudi Arabian Spiced Eggs

Vernacular Architecture in America: A Tradition Rooted in Adaptation

Architecture

Julie Steinbeck

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March 4, 2025

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Vernacular architecture, Nipissing, Ontario — This is vernacular architecture from the late 1880s in Northern Ontario. Pioneers built their own homes from a government-supplied blueprint. Is it really vernacular then?

Vernacular architecture refers to structures built using local materials, knowledge, and cultural influences rather than formal architectural styles. It is often associated with deep-rooted traditions, yet in a country like the United States—where many people have historically lived in temporary or nomadic housing—one might ask: Does America even have a vernacular architectural tradition? How can nations like the U.S. and Canada, with their histories of migration and cultural diversity, engage in a meaningful dialogue about vernacular design?

Unlike many older nations with centuries-old villages, America’s architectural landscape has been shaped by movement. From Indigenous structures to frontier settlements, and later, urban and suburban expansion, American vernacular architecture is defined not by a singular aesthetic but by adaptability. Rather than a lack of tradition, the U.S. has a diverse set of regional architectural practices that reflect its people, geography, and history.

Five Examples of Vernacular Architecture in America

1. Indigenous Dwellings: Tipis, Longhouses, and Adobe Structures

Before European colonization, Indigenous peoples built structures suited to their environments. The Lakota and other Plains tribes used tipis—portable dwellings made from buffalo hides and wooden poles—ideal for their nomadic lifestyle. The Iroquois built longhouses, communal wooden structures reflecting their agricultural and social traditions. Meanwhile, Pueblo communities in the Southwest created adobe dwellings, using sun-dried earth bricks that provided insulation against extreme temperatures.

2. Shotgun Houses (Southern United States)

Found primarily in Louisiana and Mississippi, shotgun houses are narrow, single-story homes with rooms arranged in a straight line. They are thought to have origins in West Africa and the Caribbean, brought to the U.S. by enslaved Africans. The design allows for natural ventilation, making them well-suited for the hot Southern climate.

3. Log Cabins (Appalachia and the Frontier)

Log cabins were a staple of early American settlers, particularly in the Appalachian region. Built from readily available timber, they were simple, durable, and easy to construct with basic tools. The log cabin has since become an iconic symbol of American pioneering spirit.

4. Earth-Sheltered Homes (Southwest and Midwest)

Using the landscape for insulation, earth-sheltered homes—like sod houses built by settlers on the Great Plains—were a response to the lack of trees and extreme weather conditions. Indigenous Navajo hogans also utilized earthen materials for thermal efficiency and spiritual alignment with nature.

5. Bungalows (California and the Midwest)

In the early 20th century, the American bungalow became a popular vernacular style, especially in California. Influenced by Indian and British designs, these single-story homes used local materials and were affordable for middle-class families, demonstrating how vernacular architecture adapts to economic and social needs.

How Do We Dialogue Vernacular Architecture in the U.S. and Canada?

Given America’s history of migration and cultural blending, the idea of vernacular architecture must be understood not as a static tradition but as an evolving conversation. Countries like the U.S. and Canada can participate in this dialogue by: Recognizing Indigenous Contributions: Acknowledging that Indigenous structures formed the foundation of North American vernacular architecture and integrating traditional ecological knowledge into modern design. Valuing Regional Differences: Instead of a one-size-fits-all approach, promoting architecture that responds to local climates, materials, and cultural histories.

Embracing Sustainability: Many vernacular traditions were inherently sustainable, using passive design techniques and local resources—principles that can inform contemporary green architecture. Preserving Historic Structures: Supporting the restoration and adaptive reuse of vernacular buildings to maintain cultural continuity.

Greening healthcare starting with anaesthesia

Health

Bhok Thompson

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March 3, 2025

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King George Military Hospital, 3rd floor Theatre Collection: Images from the History of Medicine (IHM) Contributor(s): Zwerdling, Michael, former owner Publication: [England] : [publisher not identified], [1915] Language(s): English Format: Still image Subject(s): Hospitals, Military, Operating Rooms, Surgeons, Nurses, King George Military Hospital Genre(s): Postcards Abstract: Black and white photograph of the 3rd floor operating theatre at King George Military Hospital, London, England. A surgeon is performing an operation with 7 medical personnel in attendance. — An operation at King George Medical Hospital, 1915

Dentists and physicians might favor sevoflurane over isoflurane, as sevoflurane is the least environmentally harmful ether

Not all greenhouse gases are created equally. Some, like carbon dioxide, linger in the atmosphere for centuries, while others, such as methane and nitrous oxide, are significantly more potent in their warming effects. Inhaled anesthetic gases, though a small percentage of total emissions, have an outsized impact due to their high global warming potential and direct release into the atmosphere.

Anesthesia gases contribute to greenhouse gas emissions, but solutions are emerging to mitigate their impact. Emissions in healthcare come from various sources, including waste management, single-use plastics, transportation, and food services. In addition, 3% of healthcare’s emissions stem from inhaled agents used during anesthesia.

A study performed at Michigan Medicine reveals that the use of less polluting inhaled anesthetic agents reduced harmful emissions by 50% in one year without impacting patient safety or outcomes.

“Tens of thousands of people undergo general anesthesia at Michigan Medicine every year. Inhaled anesthetics are a natural area to pursue reductions in emissions because, as greenhouse gases, they are so disproportionately bad for the environment,” said Douglas Colquhoun, M.B.Ch.B., assistant professor of anesthesiology at U-M Medical School.

“We’ve shown that small changes in our practice lead to big changes for the environment and, importantly, no changes for the patients.”

The findings culminate from The Green Anesthesia Initiative, launched at Michigan Medicine in March 2022, aimed to reduce the use of nitrous oxide, utilize less environmentally harmful inhaled fluorinated ethers, and increase the use of intravenous anesthetics.

Hospitals and medical professionals such as dentists are taking steps to lower the environmental footprint of anesthesia through:

Lower-GWP anesthetics: The initiative encouraged providers to reduce nitrous oxide (which is 270 times more potent than carbon dioxide at warming the environment) and favor sevoflurane over isoflurane, as sevoflurane is the least environmentally harmful ether. These changes resulted in an average decrease of more than 14 kg per case in CO2 equivalents.
Total Intravenous Anesthesia (TIVA): Using IV-based anesthesia, such as propofol, eliminates the need for inhaled gases and reduces greenhouse gas emissions.
Gas Capture Technologies: Some hospitals are adopting systems to capture and safely dispose of anesthetic gases rather than venting them directly into the atmosphere.

The team compared the output of CO2 equivalents traditionally used to measure the effect of greenhouse gases on the environment, as well as the amount of anesthetic used and patient outcomes such as post-surgery nausea and vomiting, pain scores, and unintended awareness and recall of the surgery. There were no changes in measured depth of anesthesia, pain scores, or postoperative nausea and vomiting.

“I think the important thing that we showed was that it is possible to significantly reduce the environmental impact of anesthesia. Even beyond the study period, we reduced our emissions by a huge amount in under three years.

“We did this while modernizing our care and improving safety for patients. This is a great example of where mindful choices, technology, and education all come together to make care better for our patients – both directly in the OR and in the environment in which we all live,” said David Hovord, M.B. B.Chir, clinical assistant professor of anesthesiology.

“Our individual and team efforts to save the planet are essential. The carbon emissions reduction accomplishments of anesthesiology and support teams are a point of pride at Michigan Medicine, as they are a demonstration of creativity, persistence, and teamwork,” said Tony Denton, Michigan Medicine’s senior vice president and chief environmental, social, and governance officer.

“These impressive results show that we can redesign our long-standing approaches to care without compromising patient safety, quality, and outcomes. This is a great example of what we can do to reduce environmental harm and improve public health across the communities and society we serve,” he said.

“We should all be proud and grateful for this important collaboration which emphasizes Michigan Medicine’s daily commitment to continuous improvement while finding new solutions that can save our planet and lives, simultaneously.”

Japanese factory lets you knit your own socks with a bicycle

Fashion

Julie Steinbeck

-

March 2, 2025

0

There is nothing like Japan’s craft, design and industry and where it meets on a bicycle

Souki, a Japanese company dedicated to preserving and promoting traditional craftsmanship, is offering a unique opportunity to experience the art of sock-making through interactive workshops in Koryo Town. Known for its rich history in textile production, Koryo Town serves as the perfect backdrop for this hands-on (well, foot’s on) activity, allowing participants to engage in the intricate process of creating high-quality socks.

At the heart of the workshop is SOUKI’s original system, CHARIX—a fascinating blend of tradition and innovation. This ingenious setup combines an actual knitting machine, once used in the factory, with a bicycle mechanism. By pedaling the bike, participants power the knitting machine, weaving their own socks in real-time.

This interactive approach not only makes learning fun but also offers a deeper appreciation for the craftsmanship involved in sock production. It’s charming for children to see industry in action. When we were in Japan, my son saw a waffle machine, hand run, churn out waffles on the streets of Kyoto.

The workshop on socks provides an immersive experience, guiding participants through the complete process of sock-making. After the knitting phase, SOUKI’s skilled staff steps in to sew the toes and apply a press-finish, ensuring the socks are ready for wear. This firsthand exposure to the meticulous techniques of sock production highlights the precision and dedication required in the craft. Of course you can knit socks at home, but that takes a lot more skill, and experience.

Participants can select their preferred color combinations, crafting a unique pair tailored to their style. The result? A pair of low-gauge, ultra-soft socks that provide both comfort and warmth—perfect for everyday wear.

::Souki

Shilajit honey is a superfood discovered by monkeys

Food

Julie Steinbeck

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March 2, 2025

0

Shilajit poster for blakc honey — Shilajit was discovered as a superfood when people observed monkeys eating it in the Himalayas.

Shilajit honey is a powerful natural health product that combines the benefits of raw honey with shilajit, a mineral-rich resin that has been used in traditional medicine for centuries. This unique blend offers a range of health advantages, making it a popular choice among those seeking natural ways to boost energy, stamina, and overall vitality.

The Ancient History of Shilajit

The origins of shilajit trace back thousands of years to the rugged mountain ranges of the Himalayas, Altai, Caucasus, and other high-altitude regions. This rare, tar-like substance was discovered by local inhabitants who noticed that Himalayan monkeys, known for their vitality, would consume it by licking the rock surfaces. Observing the enhanced energy and longevity of these animals, early healers and scholars began experimenting with shilajit as a medicinal remedy.

In Ayurveda, one of the world’s oldest holistic healing systems, shilajit has been revered for its rejuvenating and life-enhancing properties. Ancient Indian texts, including the Charaka Samhita, describe it as a powerful “Rasayana” (rejuvenator) that promotes strength, mental clarity, and longevity. It was also valued in Traditional Tibetan and Russian medicine for its ability to enhance physical endurance and cognitive function.

Shilajit is primarily found in high-altitude regions such as the Himalayas, the Altai Mountains in Russia, the Caucasus Mountains, and parts of Central Asia. It is formed over centuries from the slow decomposition of plant material trapped in rock layers, undergoing a natural fermentation process due to extreme temperature variations. As it oozes out of rock crevices, it hardens into a resin-like substance, which is then harvested and purified for consumption.

The Rise of Shilajit Honey: A Modern Trend

Shilajit honey is made from shilajit resin and raw honey

Recently, shilajit honey has gained mainstream popularity as health-conscious individuals seek natural superfoods to enhance energy, immunity, and overall well-being. With the rise of the biohacking movement, fitness enthusiasts and wellness experts are turning to traditional remedies like shilajit, blending them with honey for a more palatable and accessible supplement.

The appeal of shilajit honey aligns with the global wellness trend favoring ancient, plant-based medicines over synthetic alternatives. Influencers and wellness advocates highlight its use for cognitive enhancement, athletic performance, and anti-aging benefits. It has been particularly embraced by those in the Ayurvedic, holistic health, and longevity-focused communities, further boosting its status as a modern superfood.

How to Buy Shilajit Honey

Due to its increasing demand, shilajit honey is now available in various forms through specialty health stores, online wellness shops, and Ayurvedic suppliers. When purchasing shilajit honey, consider the following:

Purity: Look for products that use genuine Himalayan or Altai mountain shilajit, free from additives or synthetic fillers.

Raw Honey Base: High-quality shilajit honey should use unprocessed, raw honey to retain its natural enzymes and nutrients.

Certifications: Choose brands that test for heavy metals and ensure safe processing methods.

Reputable Sellers: Buy from trusted health and wellness brands that provide transparency about their sourcing and purification process.

The Health Benefits of Shilajit Honey

The combination of honey and shilajit enhances the individual benefits of each component, creating a nutrient-dense superfood. Some of the key benefits include:

Shilajit is renowned for its ability to support mitochondrial function, which is essential for energy production. When combined with the natural sugars in honey, this blend can provide a sustained energy boost without the crash associated with artificial stimulants.

Both honey and shilajit contain antioxidants and antimicrobial properties that may help strengthen the immune system. Honey is well known for its antibacterial effects, while shilajit provides essential minerals that support immune function.

Fulvic acid, a major component of shilajit, is known for its neuroprotective properties. It helps in reducing oxidative stress in the brain, potentially improving focus, memory, and mental clarity. The natural sugars in honey can also offer a quick cognitive boost.

Shilajit is often used by athletes and fitness enthusiasts due to its potential to enhance endurance and muscle recovery. The natural enzymes in honey further support metabolism and digestion, making it a great pre- or post-workout supplement.

Rich in antioxidants, shilajit honey may help combat oxidative stress, which is linked to aging and chronic diseases. The minerals and bioactive compounds in shilajit contribute to cellular regeneration and overall longevity.

How to Use Shilajit Honey

Shilajit honey can be consumed in various ways to maximize its benefits:

Direct Consumption: Take a teaspoon of shilajit honey on an empty stomach for a quick energy boost.
In Beverages: Stir into warm water, tea, or smoothies for a nutritious drink.
With Meals: Drizzle over toast, oatmeal, or yogurt for added nutrients.

According to sources like David Wolfe, health food influencer, Shilijit, is the “perfect survival food.” He says that one 1/2 gram “easily provides enough nutrition for an entire day. Shilajit is a mineral-rich black Jing resinous material.”

While shilajit honey is generally safe for most people, it is important to ensure that the shilajit used is of high quality and free from contaminants. Individuals with certain medical conditions, such as diabetes, should consult their healthcare provider before consuming shilajit honey due to its natural sugar content.

Some other health trends you may never have heard of include drinking kombucha tea, and the use of kefir for fermenting milk. There is

Israeli Anti-Prostitution Bill Passes Into Law

Politics

Miriam Kresh

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February 27, 2025

0

Israeli Anti-Prostitution Bill Passes Into Law

My parents lived contentedly in a high-rise building in central Israel, until twelve women moved into a top floor apartment. Soon afterward, the elevator began working triple time, with men going up and down at all hours of the day and night. The apartment, formerly occupied by a middle-class family, had been rented out as a brothel.

Israel aims to eliminate its sex trade with a law banning the sale of sex. Justice Minister Yariv Levin recently announced that the Criminal Prohibition of Consumption of Prostitution Services and Community Treatment Bill has been voted into law. The law has been functioning since July 2020 under a trial period, pending study of its effects.

“Turning the prohibition on the consumption of prostitution into a permanent law is a significant step in the fight against this harmful phenomenon. The move expresses our commitment to protecting the victims of the prostitution cycle, and it is a social step of the highest importance,” Levin said.

The law is based on The Nordic Model. Its aims are to criminalize “customers,” decriminalize the prostitute, rehabilitate former sex workers, and create public awareness campaigns. Israel is the eighth country in the world to pass such a law.

The law aims to eliminate exploitation of vulnerable women and and move the public’s view of prostitution from indifference to rejection. Theoretically, it’s working. According to a survey conducted by the Myers-JDC-Brookdale Institute, support for the law increased to 72% in 2024, compared to 39% in 2016.

Yet the real picture isn’t all that rosy. Buying sex increased between 2021 and 2024 from 7% to 9% for Jewish men aged 18 to 70, the research found. The researchers attribute this to weak law enforcement. Most “customers” aren’t aware of the law, and while there’s so little enforcement, it’s not likely that they’ll know or pay attention.

As an aside – among the men visiting the upstairs apartment were policemen, my parents said.

There’s little safety in sex work. Better said, there’s no safety at all. Prostitutes risk their physical and mental health many times every day. Often the risk is to their very lives. The average age at death of a prostitute is calculated to be 46 – and that’s generous. Some studies indicate that age 40 is more like it. This is considering violence at the hands of pimps or those buying their services. Illness. Drug addiction. Suicide.

Related: Is sex on an airplane legal?

It’s an underground trade and full data is almost impossible to obtain. How many prostitutes are on Israel’s streets today; how many are minors; where they come from; who “handles” them; how many hidden brothels are operating – answers to those, and to other relevant questions, are yet to be fully discovered.

The Task Force on Human Trafficking & Prostitution provides some hard facts. One that stands out is that 14,000 women, men, transgenders, and minors are prostituted every day in Israel. 3,000 of those are minors. According to them, kids as young as 13 begin their working lives as prostitutes.

The law is meant to punish those who pay for sex, not prostitutes. A man’s mere presence in a brothel makes him liable for a fine of NIS 2,000 (about $700 USD), even if he claims that he wasn’t engaging a prostitute. Whether in a brothel or on the street, he’ll pay double the fine if found paying for sex again. Repeat “customers,” pay up to NIS 70,000, about $25,000 USD. However, they’re given the option of attending an educational course whose objective is to change the offender’s thinking about paying for sex. It would be interesting to know how effective those courses are.

Additions to the new anti-prostitution law include support for women leaving the sex industry, via the health, welfare, education and National Insurance systems. Some originally grass-roots programs have been incorporated into those larger bodies. They offer vocational rehabilitation to prostitutes seeking a new life: courses teaching marketable skills in fields like fashion design, cooking, computer skills and cosmetics. Students learn to manage a budget, and receive psychosocial support. Former prostitutes with physical and psychiatric disabilities may claim financial support from The National Insurance Institute.

While the law relates to prostitution on the ground, the next phase is predictably dealing with sex for pay through dating apps. Exploitation of minors through social media connections is another big, dark issue. Let’s see how soon Israel and the world will catch up with that. In the meantime, if the Israeli law reduces the incidence of women forced into sex work, I’m for it.

And if you’re wondering, my parents moved out of the building.

Images via Wikipedia.

More on protecting women:

Virginity tests carry prison sentence in Malta

EU’s new agri-food vision heralds pro-farmer shift

Agriculture

Julie Steinbeck

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February 27, 2025

0

Following months of renewed farmers’ protests across Europe, the EU unveiled its highly anticipated ‘Vision for Agriculture and Food‘ on 19 February. According to its primary architect, European Commissioner for Agriculture, Christophe Hansen, this bold new strategy aims to “give back hope” to Europe’s aging and financially-beleaguered farming sector, with its producers reeling from “dramatic climate events,” weak “prices for their products and… political stress.”

Hansen has set out to strike a new compact with EU farmers, projecting a “farmer-friendly” image in Brussels, emphasising trust-building and working with, rather than against farmers, as was largely the case in the previous Commission’s now-discarded ‘Farm to Fork’ (F2F) agenda. Encouragingly, the EU executive has signaled its intention to abandon needlessly burdensome regulations exacerbating producers’ struggles in favour of tangible support to help foster a competitive and sustainable food system – a major step in the right direction for EU agri-food policy.

Unpacking Brussels’s change of course

Brussels’s new ‘Vision for Agriculture and Food’ is packed with ambitious pledges, from cutting red tape for farmers and rebalancing the food supply chain to curbing unfair trade practices and swapping punitive green rules for incentive-driven solutions. In pushing for fairer trade, the EU is eyeing stricter import rules to prevent hazardous pesticides banned in the EU from re-entering through foreign goods, thus leveling the playing field for European producers. On the domestic front, long-overdue reforms to the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) seek to redirect subsidies away from large landowners toward small farms, young farmers and those in environmentally-sensitive areas. Simplifying bureaucracy is equally a priority for making EU funding more accessible to the farmers who need it most.

Although environmental ambitions remain – despite the erroneous claims of certain NGOs and MEPs – the approach has shifted. Farmers, the Commission argues, must be treated as partners in decarbonisation, not culprits, while food companies and retailers will be rightly expected to share the environmental burden. Green incentives will replace penalties, with the EU executive at long last realising that the top-down, “one-size-fits-all” approach embodied by the F2F strategy is simply ineffective.

This vision marks a decisive departure from the controversial F2F agenda – which Commissioner Hansen has explicitly disavowed – infamous for setting bureaucratic, out-of-touch targets, like halving pesticide use by 2030, without offering realistic pathways. Commissioner Hansen stresses that the new approach strives to achieve necessary reductions “in a different way,” offering “practical solutions” that steer clear of Farm to Fork’s deeply polarising legacy.

Pesticides regulation, controversial Nutri-Score off the table

In a striking reversal, the EU has officially scrapped the most ambitious—and controversial—F2F component: the overhaul of the EU pesticide regulations. The Sustainable Use of Pesticides Regulation (SUR), first proposed in June 2022, was withdrawn in February 2024 amid fierce farmer protests and mounting right-wing opposition to the European Green Deal. “There is no intention to do anything specific on sustainable pesticides here,” an EU official has bluntly acknowledged, underscoring the policy’s political toxicity.

Equally notable is the quiet abandonment of the EU’s contentious mandatory front-of-pack nutrition label, including France’s Nutri-Score candidate. Making no mention of the label, the new agri-food vision instead prioritises product origin and animal welfare labelling, with the Commission wisely emphasising that consumers need “trustworthy information” amid the recent proliferation of unreliable food package labels like Nutri-Score.

In recent years, Nutri-Score has become a symbol of Farm to Fork’s flaws: arbitrary, misleading, imposed without adequate consultation and harmful to small producers. Among F2F’s most polarising policies, Nutri-Score has generated widespread opposition from EU farmers and governments such as Portugal, Greece, Czechia and Poland, with the system’s slanted algorithm slapping the traditional PDO products – like cured meats, cheeses and other regional stapes that Hansen now intends to protect with product origin labelling – with unfairly negative ratings, misleading consumers and jeopardising farmers’ livelihoods.

Delivering on the ground

By taking the sustainable pesticides regulation and nutrition label off the table, the EU executive has offered the bloc’s farmers an immediate win and a foundation for further progress to make life easier for the industry. Looking ahead, Hansen describes the EU’s new agri-food vision as a 15-year roadmap designed to restore stability to a sector plagued by unpredictability. His message is simple: without certainty, there’s no investment—and Europe’s farmers desperately need both.

More investment in domestic agritech aims to ensure Europe’s farmers can compete globally without sacrificing sustainability. Indeed, future-proofing European agriculture means embracing innovative solutions and providing farmers the funding and technical support to implement them. Brussels wants gene-edited crops and biopesticides to reach the market faster, with scaling up biotechnologies, boosting EU-grown plant proteins and cutting reliance on imported fertilizers equally part of the plan.

Attracting young people to the rapidly-aging farming sector is also critical, with the Commission promising better pay, fewer bureaucratic hurdles and new revenue streams, from carbon farming to bioenergy and circular economy initiatives. Expected later this year, a generational renewal strategy will make land and financing more accessible to young farmers, while food stockpiles are also under consideration to shield Europe from supply chain shocks.

The EU’s new “Vision for Agriculture and Food” offers a much-needed reset for Europe’s agri-food sector, placing trust, competitiveness and sustainability at its core. With the right high-level strategy finally established, the true test now lies in translating ambition into tangible results. Farmers urgently need practical support to recover lost competitiveness while upholding Europe’s demanding sustainability standards. After years of policy missteps, this is the EU’s moment to deliver real change.

Fuse Vectors secures $5.2m to advance cell-free gene therapy technology, led by HCVC

Tech

Green Prophet

-

February 27, 2025

0

Fuse Vectors secures $5.2m to advance cell-free gene therapy technology, led by HCVC

Fuse Vectors founders Jordan Turnbull, Henrik Stage and Benjamin Blaha via Fuse

Danish biotech replaces 1980s cell-based methods with revolutionary cell-free technology, making gene therapy more accessible. Innovative approach allows for unprecedented quality in hours rather than weeks.

Gene therapy’s biggest obstacle isn’t science – it’s manufacturing. While the field races forward with breakthrough treatments, production remains stuck in the 1980s, relying on unpredictable cell-based methods that make therapies costly and slow to develop. Today, Fuse Vectors announces $5.2 million in pre-seed financing led by HCVC to revolutionize gene therapy development with its cell-free viral vector technology.

The funding will accelerate the development of Fuse’s technology platform and pipeline of novel gene therapies. With its breakthrough approach, Fuse Vectors aims to be the universal solution for AAV gene therapy development, delivering unmet patient needs and expanding the accessibility of gene therapy to a wider range of indications. The Fuse Vectors story began with two bioprocess scientists who saw firsthand the limitations of current drug development technologies.

Despite the complexity of viral vectors, the industry had been relying on retrofitted manufacturing technologies from the 1980s and 1990s. Benjamin Blaha and Jordan Turnbull watched as these outdated methods produced therapies that were costly, slow to develop, and often low in quality. As the founders describe it, traditional methods are like “tossing LEGO bricks into a tumble dryer and hoping houses emerge.”

Fuse Vectors founders Jordan Turnbull, Henrik Stage and Benjamin BlahaFuse — Fuse Vectors team

Recognizing this critical gap, they asked a radical question: “What if everything about this process is wrong?” The industry’s major players lacked both the bandwidth and remit to overhaul these outdated methods, so Blaha and Turnbull took the leap – leaving their jobs to rethink viral vector development from the ground up. Their efforts led to a breakthrough: a controlled, cell-free approach that assembles viral vectors with unprecedented precision.

“Fuse Vectors’ cell-free Fuse Technology offers significant improvements, reducing production time and costs while enhancing vector quality to meet patients’ unmet needs,” said Benjamin Blaha, co-founder of Fuse Vectors. “The enzymatic AAV capsid filling process eliminates cell-based AAV production, using efficient technologies storing components in a module library.

This allows on-demand, controlled biocatalytic reactions to fill capsids and works across all serotypes.”Instead of relying on living cells’ unpredictable behavior, Fuse’s technology assembles viral vectors through controlled biochemical reactions.

This innovative approach allows for unprecedented precision, achieving over 99% filled capsids synthesized in hours rather than weeks. Partners simply provide a gene sequence, and Fuse’s streamlined process packages it into an AAV vector – enabling faster, higher-quality development with minimal setup. The platform’s modular nature enables rapid optimization through multi-parallel prototyping, making it significantly more efficient than traditional methods.

“This investment from HCVC is a pivotal step for Fuse Vectors, bringing our pre-seed financing to 5 million EUR,” said Henrik Stage, co-founder and Executive Chair of Fuse Vectors. “We are excited to work towards our vision of making gene therapy more efficient, cost-effective, and accessible, and are grateful for the early support and financing received from BioInnovation Institute, EIFO and Innovation Fund during our ideation and start-up phase.

“Currently in alpha testing, Fuse Vectors is collaborating with over half a dozen partners – from academic research groups to leading pharmaceutical companies. The company plans two commercialization strategies: partnering with pharmaceutical companies, biotech firms, and academic institutions to optimize drug candidates using their Fuse Technology and Optimization Engine, while also developing their own pipeline of therapeutic candidates.

“Fuse Vectors’ approach to gene therapy has the potential to make gene therapy much more interesting for the Industry to develop as well as increase accessibility to patients,” stated Trine Bartholdy, CBO of BioInnovation Institute. “Their start-up development exemplifies BII’s commitment to empowering innovative platform technologies based on world-class scientific research to grow into successful companies capable of making meaningful impact on the future of gene therapy and human health.”

“We are thrilled to support Fuse Vectors in their mission to revolutionize gene therapy,” said Alexis Houssou, Managing Partner of HCVC. “With their unique cell-free viral vector solution, expert founding team and strong business model, Fuse Vectors has the potential to overcome significant challenges in the field, and we believe in their ability to bring transformative treatments to patients.”

The technology comes at a crucial time for gene therapy. With thousands of genetic diseases still lacking treatments, drug developers struggle to create safe, effective, and accessible therapies. By fundamentally reimagining how viral vectors are made, Fuse Vectors aims to unlock the full potential of gene therapy – bringing it closer to the patients who need it most.

::Fuse Vector

Sustainable Addiction Treatment Options

Health

Bhok Thompson

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February 27, 2025

0

forest bathing, OCD therapy, woman hipster contemplating nature in dark green forest — Forest bathing can help mental health in stressful times such as job insecurity.

If you are looking for sustainable treatment options, then you might want to consider taking part in holistic recovery techniques.

Whilst there are a wide range of recovery medication and therapy techniques, an increasing number of people are turning to holistic recovery techniques in order to recover.

Unfortunately, many people go on to relapse after they attend rehab and undergo their treatment.

This is because a lot of people’s recovery simply is not sustainable, meaning that whilst it might help them to initially recover, they stand a good chance of going on to relapse later on in life.

Holistic and sustainable recovery techniques include things such as eco-friendly practices, art therapy, music therapy, drama therapy, reiki, equine therapy and mindfulness.

If you attend a rehab centre, then you will likely be offered some of these recovery techniques.

Whilst some people might disregard the benefits of these holistic recovery techniques, their benefits are widely admired amongst addiction recovery professionals.

Some of these benefits are explained below.

Holistic Recovery Techniques

Below, we list some common holistic recovery techniques:

1. Eco-friendly practices

Eco-friendly recovery practices have a whole host of benefits. Essentially, eco-friendly and sustainable recovery techniques involve being exposed to nature.

This could include gardening, forest work, planting fruit and vegetables and even sometimes recycling.

Various studies have now shown that spending time in nature and helping with eco-projects has a proven ability to reduce stress.

Spending time in nature can help to increase your mindfulness significantly, as you enjoy a slow pace of life.

Not only this, but you should never underestimate the power of fresh air.

More and more treatment centres are now incorporating sustainable and eco-friendly recovery techniques to their treatment centre offerings, which is having a positive effect on individuals suffering from addiction issues.

2. Art therapy

Burial urn pottery — Making pottery might help calm the soul

Art therapy is another holistic recovery technique helping people all over the world to recover from mental health and addiction issues.

Sometimes art therapy involves creating art which can take many forms, including painting, collaging and even sometimes simply admiring art.

Art therapy has a proven way of entering you into a ‘flow’ state. This state of flow is used to describe when you feel fully embraced into the process of creating, so much so that you temporarily forget everything else.

Art therapy is also commonly used to help with trauma recovery, as lots of people find that creating art can help individuals to express their trauma in a unique way.

Professionals working in a luxury addiction treatment center insist on integrating art therapy into personalized recovery plans to promote emotional healing. They believe that the creative process allows patients to release suppressed feelings and build healthier ways to communicate their experiences without relying on words alone.

3. Music therapy

Folk Train England, alternative train travel tourism, with music — The Folk Train in England. Because music cures the soul.

An increasing number of addiction recovery centres are now offering music therapy as a form of recovery.

Similar to art therapy, a lot of people find that listening to music can help them to express themselves and any traumas they might be suffering from.

Music based interventions allow for opportunities for self-expression, the ability to work in a group, harness your imagination and create a synchronised sensory experience.

Similarly to art therapy, a lot of people who engage in music therapy enter a state of flow, allowing you the chance to temporarily forget your worries.

Sometimes, music therapy might simply involve listening to music, although you will get the chance to create some of your own music, too.

This could involve learning a new instrument, or even editing music. By allowing people the opportunity to learn something new, their self-esteem and confidence will both increase.

4. Drama therapy

Drama therapy is a form of psychotherapy. By acting out certain scenes and taking part in vocalisation and storymaking sessions, individuals are able to express themselves in a way that they might not have been able to before.

By taking part in drama therapy, you might find that your confidence increases, as well as your ability to communicate with others and express your thoughts and emotions clearly.

Sometimes, during drama therapy, you might be asked to act out certain scenes that might trigger certain aspects from your own life to think about, including how your addiction might impact others.

You will never be asked to act out a scene that could trigger any negative or disturbing thoughts.

5. Reiki

hands on a tree, doing reiki to the tree — Reiki on a tree

Reiki is a Japanese healing technique that uses gentle and relaxing touch to promote well-being.

During a Reiki session, the practitioner will place their hands just above the patient’s body, where the practitioner’s energy will help to guide the patient’s energy.

Reiki is often used to help the body manage and deal with any stress or trauma [4].

Reiki is being used across different treatment centres to help individuals and sufferers deal with the difficult side effects of the medical detox.

Detoxing and withdrawing from any addiction substance can be difficult and will put a huge amount of pressure and strain on your body.

This is why techniques such as Reiki are becoming increasingly more popular.

When it comes to Reiki, there are seven chakras that a practitioner will focus on. Essentially, chakras are energy points on the body.

Different parts of the body will help you to manage different types of stress and sometimes trauma.

The seven chakras are as below:

The throat chakra (throat)
The root chakra (tailbone)
The heart chakra (above the heart)
The sacral chakra (below the belly button)
The third eye chakra (between the eyes)
The crown chakra (top of the head)
The solar plexus chakra (upper abdomen)

Whilst some people might disregard the benefits of sustainable and holistic treatment options such as Reiki, it is becoming increasingly popular across many treatment centres.

However, it is never recommended to solely rely on holistic and sustainable recovery techniques such as Reiki.

This type of treatment should always compliment other treatment options such as a medical detox and therapy techniques.

6. Equine therapy

Equine therapy involves feeding, grooming and generally looking after a horse or a number of horses in an attempt to help you to recover from addiction or mental health issues.

Equine therapy helps you to manage your stress levels whilst giving you something very real to focus on.

Anyone who has ever owned or looked after a horse will be the first to tell you that they require a lot of hard work.

Sometimes, this level of responsibility can be exactly what someone who is recovering from an addiction or mental health illness needs.

By attending equine therapy, you will learn how to care for something and stick to a routine.

You will slowly and over time build trust with the animals and those around you and will also get a chance to talk through your trauma and anxieties with trained therapy professionals.

7. Mindfulness & yoga

Sexy man doing yoga — Hot yoga has its benefits

Mindfulness and yoga has been used throughout addiction centres for a while now and have been a proven, sustainable way of helping individuals who suffer from addiction and mental health issues recover.

Yoga and mindfulness therapy will help you to manage stress, reduce cravings and anxiety.

Whilst some people in addiction treatment might disregard the thought of mindfulness as a technique to recover from addiction issues, an increasing number of treatment centres are offering this as a treatment option.

Whilst these sustainable and holistic addiction treatments are growing in popularity and use across a speciality addiction rehab treatment centre, they should always compliment other forms of treatment, such as medications, a medical detox and other therapy techniques, such as cognitive behavioural therapy.

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1. Indigenous Dwellings: Tipis, Longhouses, and Adobe Structures

2. Shotgun Houses (Southern United States)

3. Log Cabins (Appalachia and the Frontier)

4. Earth-Sheltered Homes (Southwest and Midwest)

5. Bungalows (California and the Midwest)

How Do We Dialogue Vernacular Architecture in the U.S. and Canada?

Dentists and physicians might favor sevoflurane over isoflurane, as sevoflurane is the least environmentally harmful ether

There is nothing like Japan’s craft, design and industry and where it meets on a bicycle

The Ancient History of Shilajit

The Rise of Shilajit Honey: A Modern Trend

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Danish biotech replaces 1980s cell-based methods with revolutionary cell-free technology, making gene therapy more accessible. Innovative approach allows for unprecedented quality in hours rather than weeks.

Holistic Recovery Techniques

1. Eco-friendly practices

2. Art therapy

3. Music therapy

4. Drama therapy

5. Reiki

6. Equine therapy

7. Mindfulness & yoga

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