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Solar to Light Our Nights Gets Hotter

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solar-storage-halotechnics

Able to store enough heat to generate power that can last well into the night, Masdar’s Gemasolar, built in Spain last year was state of the art in solar thermal energy storage, able to reach temperatures of over 500°C. Now a U.S. startup funded by the Obama administration energy department with a $3.3 million ARPA-E grant has a way to make that even better.

Halotechnics has devised the perfect material to store higher heat, so that more solar energy can be stored to keep the lights on well after sundown.

Their innovation could make solar thermal as cheap and convenient as fossil fuels, but with none of the nasty side effects of burning fossil energy – like asthma, and petrostate political systems, and an unlivable climate for our children.

This could be very big news for Desertec and the MENA region, because it is at center stage for solar thermal development.

Dubai’s Camels to Chomp Down Runaway Mangrove Forests?

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camel beauty

Dubai is considering biological control: camels to dine in Dubai’s Ras al Khor wildlife sanctuary overrun by mangrove trees

Too many mangroves is not a good thing – at least not at the Ras Al Khor Wildlife Sanctuary in Dubai, where they were introduced in 1990. So an ecologist at Dubai’s Wildlife Protection office has proposed using camels to trim back the excess canopies that have buried wader feeding areas. Kevin Hyland told The National that camels used to have access to the sanctuary before it was fenced off in 2002, and that reintroducing them would help restore the site’s sensitive ecology without disrupting bird life.

Greedy Grazers

Hyland emphasizes that the camels would be introduced as part of a careful management program, and that they will not be left to run amok.

“The key phrase in the whole proposal is ‘managed camel grazing,'” the ecologist told the paper. “It’s not, ‘let’s just chuck in 100 camels’, because we don’t want to destroy the mangrove canopy.”

According to Hyland, BirdLife International opposed the plan to introduce mangroves to the Ras Al Khor Sanctuary  in 1990 as part of a “greening” program, and now, 20 years later, the wildlife protection office and Dubai Municipality are beginning to glean the error of that initiative.

Although spoonbills have proliferated as a result of the invasive mangrove canopies, feeding grounds for certain species have been buried by five meters of mangroves. So now they want to reverse some of the damage.

Instead of employing 20 workers to cut back mangroves, which is likely to scare off spoonbills and other bird species, the camels can munch on the green leaves. And just in case too many mangrove leaves are bad for camels too, the Central Veterinary Research Laboratory will be on hand to monitor the animals.

Camelback Tours

And when ground-nesting birds breed, the camels will be removed. Hyland also likes the idea of using the camels to create a new eco-tourism initiative. Instead of putting the sanctuary’s rangers in 4x4s, he told the paper that they could lead bird tours on camelback instead.

Camel milk may also become available at a new visitor center that is being floated as a potential part of the new management plan, which would help to educate visitors about the importance of the wetland reserve so famous for attracting a great number of migratory species amidst Dubai’s urban sprawl and for its 500 flamingos.

As long as mangrove fodder is healthy for the camel trimmers, Ras Al Khor camels face a better fate than that of Falaj Mualla camels, half of whom die from eating plastic despite concerted efforts to draw awareness to this situation.

And the birds will be grateful too.

More on Birds and Camels:
Dubai is for the Birds (and the People who Love Them)
Woman Spins Camel Wool to Prevent the Slaughter of 1.2 Million Australian Camels
6 Green Reasons to Drink Camel Milk

Saudis to Make Desert Sands into Solar Polysilicon

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IDEA-polysilicon-launched saudi arabia

Saudi Arabia has lots of open land, and lots of sand which is rich in silicon; which is needed to make polysilicon for the solar industry.

This year, the Kingdom has announced its second polysilicon manufacturing partnership, this time with Germany’s Centrotherm Photovoltaics.A year ago, Saudi Arabia had announced a $1 billion solar joint venture with South Korea that was to have brought the first ever solar factory to Saudi Arabia to make polysilicon, the essential ingredient of traditional solar cells. That Saudi-based joint venture company, Polysilicon Technology Company, was to be in production by 2014. However, a year later, no website, and no further news announcements…

Zazen for Feeling Some Eco-Zen-Chic on Samui Island, Thailand

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Zazen Koh Samui

We travelled to Zazen Boutique Resort on Koh Samui, Thailand and were pleasantly surprised at their pioneering eco initiatives on an island without much awareness.

I just read a New York Times article: Billionaire, If Only for a Day, where a middle class writer slipped on the shoes, and lifestyle of the very rich for 24 hours. I am a middle class writer who not long ago had the chance to tour some luxurious hotels in Koh Samui, Thailand as a guest and I felt some parallels in the experiences of the NY Times writer.

On the hunt for sustainable initiatives to share with other eco-conscious travelers, I hit the Internet and Googled for “green hotels in Thailand” and came across Zazen on Koh Samui, a boutique hotel that was not only happy to announce its involvement in a local green council, but advertised other local hotels that were a part of the initiative. After some emails and an invitation, I was lucky to be for two nights at Zazen, on the northeast side of Samui Island, a good distance above the crazy beach parties.

Affordable luxury, if only for a couple of nights, is not hard to find on Samui Island; but what made me want to stay at Zazen is the management’s interest and early beginnings at environmental awareness and action.

I am not sure if billionaires stay there regularly, but millionaires for sure.  At a few hundred dollars a night, it’s very expensive for Thailand. And Thailand is certainly not lacking luxury. It is the destination to get spoiled, if that’s what you are looking for.

The hotel started out as did many of the hotels on the island, as simple wooden beach huts built by the locals. A charming francophone Swiss man who looks like he’s from a Hemingway novel married into the family, and along with his Thai wife they transformed the family huts into a 5-star resort with all the local and European trimmings.

Samui Koh, Thailand at Zazen

A cabin facing the beach. 

The boutique hotel, which sits on the beach and inland, has only 26 cabins, and several staff assigned to service each one. Walk in and you’ll feel like you’ve arrived. But the best part of your day at Zazen might be the night as the pillows define heaven: I simply have not laid my head on anything quite like them before, and since.

Like in the NY Times piece, the upper class or at least the upper middle class who travel to Zazen, can expect a parade of service staff to treat you, from the second you enter the parking lot where you are greeted with smiles, down to the daily newspaper and weather reports placed on your bed, which is turned down for you before you go to sleep.

zazen samui thailand resortMe, my baby and our friend Nok.

It’s as though the staff at Zazen are able to read your mind, but after a few hours you’ll notice the entourage equipped with walkie talkies, keeping track of guests so your room will be ready, morning, noon and night, without any embarrassing overlap of cleaning staff. Some people might find the attention a bit unnerving if you like privacy, but as I am used to staying at hotels in the Middle East where the service is much inferior to the Far East, I welcomed the chance to experience what the good life offered.

Some of the basics at Zazen can be found in many hotels in Thailand: the use of refillable ceramic dispensers for shampoo and shower soaps. I love that approach over small packages of stuff. There is also the use of local fabrics, materials and artisans, in the building structures themselves and in the décor. They provide beach bags for taking out of the hotel, as well as bathrobes, slippers, flip flops, and umbrellas should it rain.

Local foods and jams prepared with love, and an expert chef, will meet you at your meals.

Zazen is a specialist at catering to small, intimate weddings, which without all the excess of hundreds of guests you don’t know, would certainly fulfill the criteria for a green wedding in my eyes, except for the carbon footprint of flying into the island.

Zazen Samui thailand

But when you go behind the scenes, as I did, and see the underbelly of Zazen from an employee’s point of view, you’ll appreciate Zazen, and I don’t think they boast enough about this on their website.

Maria who was a day manager at the time I was there in February, took me through the kitchen and showed me where the staff separate wet waste into compostable piles, sent to special areas in landfill sites on the island. While this might seem generations behind city restaurants like in Toronto, it is light years ahead for Thailand where little environmental awareness and practice (in the western sense) exists.

zazen samui thailand resortRecyclable materials sorted in bins waiting for pick up

She then took me to the staff quarters, past their canteen where all kinds of waste items were sorted for pickup (above), from cardboard to plastics, and glass which are shipped out to public bins in Thailand, which can be used voluntarily. Education of the staff on how to separate the waste, and on how use the bins, has been part of their activities at Zazen, and no doubt the effects will pass on to locals living in nearby communities.

While not done at the expense of a guest (that’s up to the individual I suppose on how to use and conserve energy), there are a number of unique energy saving tactics Zazen management is using with their staff:

Air conditioning is very expensive, so instead of turning it on at 8 am when the staff arrives in the cooler mornings, it is programmed to turn on at 9. It goes off again at lunch, and before the administration leaves at night saving 4.5 hours a day of air con power. Smart!

The water at the beach

Other points worth noting, is the use of EM Balls to clean the local river which can turn into stinking and stagnant water in the holiday times before the rains. Not able to control the pollution that runs into the river upstream, downstream before it hits the sea, Zazen uses these biological and natural aids, that cost about 1 baht a ball, to rehabilitate their end of the river.

They’ve also hosted beach cleanup days and have had their staff and some guests trek down to Chewang Beach to do some much-needed cleanup of bottles and trash.

Guests stay an average of 7 to 10 days at Zazen, with the hotel’s busiest time being December and January when Europeans and northern hemisphere people need a warm escape. Clientele look interesting – and this is just in my imagination – they are everything from well-to-do industrialists, to oil barons from Russia to nouveau riche and young high-tech entrepreneurs.

zazen samui thailand resortA beach bag at Zazen is fun for my daughter Oryan

And if you’re passing by Zazen on the beach and can’t find room at the inn to fit your budget, the 800 baht breakfast will be the best bucks you’ll spend in Thailand. But if you can, if only for two nights, stay at Zazen for a little bit of luxury and to meet management with a growing ecological awareness for this Thai island paradise.

In Zen Buddhism zazen means seated meditation. Grab a beach chair, and a Zazen fruit juice and practice what they preach.

::Zazen Boutique Resort & Spa website

BPA – What’s the Big Deal, Baby?

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BPA plastic bottles banThis guest post by Daniella Dimitrova Russo the co-founder and executive director of Plastic Pollution Coalition gives us reasons to still worry about buying BPA-free products.

What is the connection between obesity, reproductive and other endocrine-related conditions, heart disease, and cancer? Recent studies point conclusively towards one ubiquitous chemical that is used in everything from dental sealants, cash register receipts, and the lining of soup, beverage and vegetable cans, to baby bottles, the lining of formula cans, medical devices, and CDs and DVDs. Studies show that it can leach out when containers are heated or damaged.

This chemical is called bisphenol A, or BPA, and in the United States, more than 90 percent of all people have some of this toxic substance in their bodies. It almost certain that people around the world exposed to BPA will also have it in their bodies. A recent study in Egypt of BPA concentration in the bodies of girls in urban and rural areas found a strong correlation with canned food.

Raphael Mechoulam, pioneer of medical cannabis chemistry

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Raphael Mechoulam, TCH, medical cannabis, CBD Greenprophet
Raphael Mechoulam, discoverer of THC, CBD in medicinal cannabis

While Americans petition state senators to legalize medical marijuana, the Dutch simply go to an Amsterdam café to self-medicate, and Canadians secretly smoke in their basements, thousands of Israelis are enrolled in a regulated medical marijuana program. As talk-show veteran Montel Williams recently saw for himself, Israel is one of the most progressive countries in the world to “legalize it.”

Israel’s inroads into legalizing cannabis for pain relief and managing terminal illness rest on the seminal research of Prof. Raphael Mechoulam of the Hebrew University in Jerusalem’s Center for Research on Pain.

Back in 1964, working from bags of hashish seized by the local police, Mechoulam isolated the active compound from cannabis, THC. He came to be a trusted consultant on the topic to governments and individuals — even to a US senator who was worried about his child’s use of cannabis at jazz clubs — and urged that derivative compounds called cannabinoids be legalized for medical purposes in Israel.

Mechoulam’s work has inspired generations of research teams around the world to look to marijuana for alleviating medical conditions from chemo-induced nausea to chronic pain. His work led to the discovery of ananamides, naturally occurring THC-like materials in the brain.

Mechoulam was recently awarded the Rothschild Prize in physical and chemical sciences in recognition of his contributions. With the help of his efforts, Israel started to develop policies so that medical marijuana can be accessed by those who need it most.

Marijuana decreases the reliance on opiates

Mechoulam’s lab was one of the stops on a recent tour of Israel’s medical marijuana researchers by US celeb Montel Williams, who told reporters that the United States could learn a few things from Israel’s approach.

Diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS) in 1999, Williams advocates for research and education on new directions in treatment, including medical marijuana, through his MS Foundation. Williams says that medical marijuana helps ease his neuropathic pain and he’s working to legalize it in the United States.

Mechoulam acknowledges that Israel’s approach is probably the most advanced in the world, considering the numbers of patients taking medical marijuana in a supervised way.

“At present, about six or seven thousand people get it for various reasons, for [chronic] pain and for cancer, as it’s helping the symptoms of cancer by lowering the amount of opiates patients have to take,” Mechoulam tells says. That number is expected to rise to about 40,000 by 2016.

“People who are in great pain who are taking opiates aren’t really functional anymore. Taking THC as a medical marijuana, or in its pure form, means that the opiates can be lowered, and then this person will have a better way of life,” he says.

The Health Ministry slowly began the program in 1994, but it really got going in 2002 under the direction of Dr. Yehuda Baruch from Abarbanel Hospital, a psychiatric facility in Bat Yam.

Patients of all ages may apply for approval through their own medical doctor or through the Sheba Medical Center, and must pass a rigorous screening process. Those eligible include cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy; cancer patients with final-stage tumors; patients enrolled in an Israeli HIV center; and people under treatment for chronic pain, Crohn’s or ulcerative colitis, MS and post-traumatic stress disorder.

When properly dispensed under medical supervision, medical cannabis has a very low rate of abuse, says Mechoulam.

Quantifying THC and CBD for posing and effect

Still working as a researcher, Mechoulam is asked periodically to test the levels of THC in pot grown by licensed Israelis. And while he’s happy with the country’s progress, he says more research needs to be done on standardizing the dosages and incorporating missing elements in the medical strain used in Israel.

“Basically Israel is moving in the right direction. THC has to be better quantified, and cannabidial, CBD, a potent anti-inflammatory agent, needs to be present in the doses used in Israel,” he says. Cannabidial alleviates possible undesirable side-effects of THC.

These room-to-grow tips notwithstanding, “Israel is one of the leading cannibinoid centers of research in the world. There are about two dozen groups working on it and people come from all around the world to see what we do,” Mechoulam concludes.

Read more on medical marijuana:
Tikun Olam is Israel’s Hidden Pot Farm
Israel Relaxes Laws on Medical Marijuana
A Moroccan Love Potion Spiced With Pot

An Israeli Sewage Plant is a Hot New Art Venue for Passover

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wastewater treatment, design, art, Passover, education, environmentA wastewater treatment plant in Israel rolls out the brown carpet for holiday tourists

We’ve seen the most foul waste treatment plants come out smelling like roses after reclamation programs, and energy generated from human waste is no longer surprising to anyone who hears about it, but we never really thought that our most refined instincts (art) could rub shoulders with one of our most base (pooping.)

Apparently we didn’t think this through carefully enough. The Dan Region Waste Treatment facility in central Israel is rolling out their brown carpet for another year to host an art exhibition during the Passover holiday. The idea is to tease out the ways in which design can be used to address the numerous environmental concerns facing the country, including waste treatment and water shortages.

Smaller Fonts Save Trees – The Minus One Project

minus one project font save treesA bit ridiculous? Change your font size by one point and save trees…? 

It’s called the Minus One Project, and it is a very neat example of a practical project with one very specific objective: it encourage offices, schools, homes and everyone else to lower their font by one size before printing. Maybe not the perfect idea for minimizing fonts on phone books, and good thing for the planet that we already have electronic phone books – YP.com.

But the Minus One Project offers a new idea. Set up by Vishal Sagar from Cheil, an advertising company in India, it is now being adopted as a green initiative by Samsung. Sagar believes that this is a small step (hoho) towards conserving one of the world’s valuable resources: forests and saving paper.

Traditional Palestinian Farming Spurs Rare Plant Boom

terraced farms and gardens, Jerusalem, Battir, ancient ecological farming without irrigation
Low impact farming starts new cycle of plant life in the Palestinian Authority. Agriculture terraces in West Bank Battir. Image via Olivier Fitoussi 

Age-old agricultural techniques in the West Bank help conserve rare plants that might otherwise have perished, according to the Israel Nature and Parks Authority.

A new survey shows that farmers following traditional practices in the south Hebron Hills have sustained a large number of rare plants.  According to plant researcher Yair Or, the fieldwork turned up several species “that had been found decades ago in the Jerusalem area and since then had not been found and were considered extinct.”

Traditional Palestinian farming is practiced throughout much of the test area.  Therefore, researchers determined it has played an invaluable role in the survival of rare plants.

Unfortunately, not all agricultural practices are so helpful.  The hills around Ein Gedi were covered with at least ten species of trees and shrubs until 60 years ago, when land development in Israel intensified.  Those species had specifically adapted to Ein Gedi’s dry microclimate.

Groundwater pumping by Kibbutz Ein Gedi and land clearing by several farms eventually wiped out the native plants.  Now the Authority is rehabilitating Ein Gedi.  Park staff planted the first set of new flora about four years ago.

Rangers created intricate plans for seeding, germinating and caring for the fledgling trees and shrubs, according to the Authority.  After successfully developing a nursery with several hundred plants, ecologists planted experimental plots.  This process helped them learn to properly water and prune the trees and shrubs.

And the  Israel Nature and Parks Authority has worked diligently to preserve rare plants elsewhere in Israel.  In the Beit Netufa Valley – considered a flora hotspot – there are more than 60 species of unique plants, several of which are in danger of extinction.

A rare type of yellow-petal iris called Grant- Duff’s Iris is among them.  It densely populates the valley but is not adequately bearing fruit.  Hypothesizing that artificial agricultural growth is inhibiting insects from pollinating the irises, the  Israel Nature and Parks Authority initiated a breeding program for the flowers.

So why has agriculture in the Hebron Hills actually helped rare plants, in contrast to the deleterious effects of agriculture in Beit Netufa and Ein Gedi?

Traditional Palestinian agriculture utilizes low impact farming methods, such as harvesting by hand, avoidance or limited use of pesticides and fertilizers, and shallow plowing.  Several of the rare species that flourish in the area are annuals that grow amidst the cultivated crops.  They share a similar life cycle.

Additionally, these traditional practices promote rainwater percolation and soil aeration.  Several rare plants, particularly those with bulbs or corms, favor such conditions.  And the microclimate of the southern Hebron Hills is also partially responsible for the rare plant boon.

The findings in the Hebron area add credence to the beliefs of organic agriculture proponents.  Low-impact agriculture has been proven to conserve water, reduce pollution, and minimize exposure to crop disease.  Now those proponents can add another reason to their list – preservation of rare plants.

Professor Zev Naveh, an ecologist at the Technion Israel Institute of Technology, notes that “the farmers of the Mediterranean area did not neglect and deplete the soils, but rather knew in different periods how to preserve them and to exploit their biological variety correctly.”

Ironically, it was originally human activity, including agriculture, that created the diversity of flora and fauna currently found in the Mediterranean Basin.

How wonderful to know that our agricultural practices need not be at odds with nature.  Turns out it isn’t necessary to wrestle the very lifeblood from the land to earn our daily bread.  Perhaps we have something to learn from the keepers of traditional farming in the south Hebron Hills, and from the generations of agriculturalists before them.

Building a Green Deck for Hanging Gardens and Middle East Sensibilities

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deck patio istanbul, arab porch mosque, allahCould you ever imagine patios like this one built with composite materials?

If you’ve been thinking about building a hanging garden on your urban Middle East deck, patio, or porch, spring is the perfect time to start planting your seeds. While people living in crazy and compact Middle East cities like Beirut, Tel Aviv, Cairo and Istanbul may not have much in the way of private and open green space, most people can count on having a little balcony space to start growing herbs, tomatoes, even lettuce.

In some cases, your porch might be covered over with a makeshift wall to provide space for that office or an extra storage nook. If you’re spring cleaning, consider getting rid of all that extra clutter you haven’t been using anyway, and open up your deck to let some fresh air in.

Lebanon’s cowboys are made at El Rancho outside of Beirut

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eco-tourism, easter, ranch, organic farm, sustainable travel, natureA Lebanese man takes on a bucking bull at Lebanon’s very own dude ranch… do you think he made 8 seconds?

If you’ve always dreamed about cowboys and Indians, stop. They fought and killed each other and it was grisly. But the southwestern ranch lifestyle is entirely less violent and now it’s possible to taste the experience without traveling all the way to North America. (Solar-powered planes don’t travel that far yet, and there must be more exciting ways to use up your carbon allowance, right?)

Instead, saddle up your vehicle and head to El Rancho in the Ghodras Hills, which is less than a 40 minute drive from Beirut. And then, put the sooty city behind you, don your hat and boots, sharpen up your lasso and ride baby, ride into the Lebanese sunset… with the easter bunny.

eco-tourism, easter, ranch, organic farm, sustainable travel, nature Tipis in Lebanon!

No really. This is a genuine option. There is a 300,000 square meter ranch estate that promises a genuine Tex-Mex experience. (That is a compound of Texas and Mexico that is typically reserved for food, at least as far as we know.)

Owned by Lebanese, El Rancho has horses, pigs, a peacock and even tortoises, in addition to all kinds of other animals, and they’ll set you up in tipis if you’re bold enough to try. In Lebanon!

Albeit somewhat cheesy, for lack of a better word, this is no run-of-the-mill touristy operation. El Rancho is a real certified organic farm that produces quail meat and eggs, dairy products, and chicken.

And they have all the facilities that will keep you rooted to the western world, if you so choose. There’s an ATM, laundry facilities, and even free internet (in case you need to brush up on your Native American history while you’re there.)

Every year, the ranch offers fun activities for various holidays, including easter. Here is what is on the agenda in the next few days:

Today there will be a tug of war contest, a crafts production event, and a breakdance show. There will also be an arts and crafts competition and the first candle will be lit for Palm’s Day.

eco-tourism, easter, ranch, organic farm, sustainable travel, nature

On Good Friday the Ranch will be closed, but it opens again with a whoop and a holler on Saturday, when there will be a dancing and singing workshop and knife throwing (best leave the kids in the sand pit for that one), a bonafide rodeo show, and a firecamp when the sun goes down.

Grow in Heart, Mind, and Spirit

On Sunday, the kids will be able to get their easter egg hunt fix and there will be an Alice in Wonderland themed activity as well. This sounds like serious fun, and there’s loads more to be had right up until April 15th. According to Lebanon Hotels, the owners “want to make you grow, in heart, mind, and spirit.”

If this sounds like something you’d like to do, contact El Rancho Lebanon at any of the following numbers and who knows who will pick up your call: + 961 9 741188, 741133, 70 899201.

More on Earth-Friendly Tourism in Lebanon:

Be-Beirut Offers Eco-Friendly Tours in Lebanon’s Capital

Landmines and Eco-Tourism Protect Lebanon’s Vulnerable Cedar Forests

Lebanon’s 275 Mile Mountain Trail is a World Class Hiking Destination

Shisha: Don’t Read This If You Love Smoking It

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shisha, hookah, water pipe, arabian man
This guy may look kind of sexy with his pipe, but the BBC unveils just how toxic smoking shisha really is.

It’s always been a source of curiosity to me that even my health-conscious friends in the Middle East rarely pass up an opportunity to suck on a shisha pipe – as though that seductive bubbling inferno of nauseously sweet tobacco is neither addictive nor harmful.

Me? No. Way. I’ve tried it twice and it literally makes me sick to my stomach. And now, thanks to a recent BBC article, I have a much better sense of why. The stuff is toxic, and way more so than a piddly little cigarette. Read on to learn more but be warned, shisha lovers may not want to hear what we have to say.

Heart Attacks in Kids for One or More Cans a Day?

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cola coke in arabic and HebrewKids in the Middle East love those super-sweet soda and drink beverages. Loaded with sugar, parents should limit intake for new reasons.

With all the food and beverage issues making headlines, like pink slime hamburgers and meat glue worries, there is new bad news on syrupy soft drinks that people order with those “slime burgers” and French Fries would have their share of controversy as well. A couple of years ago, an article posted in Green Prophet reported that long term consumption of soda with high amounts of sugar, contributes to diabetes, heart disease and causes fatty liver as well. New research in finds that one or more of these drinks a day can cause heart disease in later life. 

A Simple Piece of Fabric Transforms Bahrain Gateway (PICS)

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green design, urban, architecture, Bahrain, Bab al Bahrain, Camille Zakharia, A-BureauA new pavilion by A-Bureau takes back an area of downtown Bahrain overrun by traffic – even if only temporarily.

Right in the midst of the worst government crackdowns in Bahrain last year, we interviewed Camille Zakharia – a talented photographer whose work has been shown all over the world. Recently he sent us images of A-Bureau’s new Bab Al Bahrain pavilion – a deceptively simple piece of fabric erected in the city center.

Designed by Sir Charles Belgrave and completed in 1945, the “gateway to Bahrain” used to be directly adjacent to the Gulf, but land reclamation and development has completely transformed the area. It is now necessary to walk more than 10 minutes to reach the sea, and traffic has usurped a major rendevouz area. This temporary pavilion changes that, if only for a short while.

Haroset, The Passover Seder’s Sweet Treat RECIPE

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image-moroccan-harosetEnslaved Jews in Egypt built storehouses in  Pithom and Ramses, according to tradition. But did they cement the bricks with dates and honey?

“Seder” means “order.” The first Passover night’s meal follows a specific  order, and the first thing we see on the seder table is a plate of symbolic foods. In the center of the plate, three matzot – the unleavened bread Jews are commanded to eat during the Passover week. Matzot replace bread in memory of the departure at night from Egypt, when there was no time to let dough rise overnight. Considering that all dough was leavened with slow-rising sourdough and the need for haste, the Jews simply mixed flour and water and baked flat journey cakes with that.

Two kinds of bitter herbs, alluding to the bitterness of slavery, are arranged on the plate; usually horseradish and lettuce. There is also a dish of salt water and a non-bitter herb – parsley or a potato – to dip into it, so that participants at the table may “taste” the tears of hardship in Egypt. A roasted lamb or chicken bone reminds us of the Passover sacrifice brought to the Temple in Jerusalem. Vegetarians substitute a roasted beet for the bone, for its ruddy resemblance to meat. A hard-boiled egg, also symbolizes the festival sacrifice offered in Temple, but with the difference that hard-boiled eggs, the first food offered to mourners, symbolize mourning. On Passover night, one egg symbolizes mourning over the destruction of the Temple.

And there’s haroset – a sticky brown paste of blended fruit, nuts, wine, and honey. Haroset symbolizes the mortar that Jews used in building storehouses (and some say, pyramids) in Egypt.