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Israel’s biggest green group plants a project in support of Syrian refugees

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jewish national fundKeren Kayemeth LeIsrael or in English, Jewish National Fund (KKL- JNF), is the Israel-based non-profit founded on principals of land reclamation and afforestation. This group has announced a new undertaking that will serve dual ambitions of stewardship over the environment, and its most vulnerable people.

At a press event in Brussels recently, KKL-JNF World Chairman Danny Atar said that his organization will manage a forest rehabilitation project that will employ thousands of Syrian refugees currently living in Europe.

Atar explained that he came to Belgium following the March terror attacks in Brussels hoping to “to strengthen the spirit” of the local Jewish community. After meeting with Belgian youth groups and local community leaders, he was eager to harness their strong connection to their faith and to Israel in a way that might inspire intelligent solutions for the challenges Europe faces from fundamental extremism.

He revealed, in response to a direct request from an unnamed “major refugee-absorbing country”, KKL-JNF has agreed to provide professional management services on a new forest rehab project near one of Europe’s capital cities.

Scientists have proven that healthy forests can be a carbon sink for greenhouse gases. Atar hinted that additional scope may be added to their remit.

Forest in central Israel, as seen from Ein Karem
Forest in central Israel, as seen from Ein Karem

“KKL- JNF has a proven track record of sustainable development that integrates environmental improvement with improving the quality of life of the population in general and immigrant populations and refugees in particular,’’ said Atar, according to the European Jewish Express.

The chairman emphasized that ‘’this project and others like it, are the Israeli answer to the BDS (Boycott-Divestment-Sanction) movement and the delegitimization of Israel. Those who promote hate and strife will continue to demonstrate against Israel and, subsequently, against all Western European values. However, we – KKL-JNF and the State of Israel – will continue creating more solutions that will benefit both – the refugees who escaped terror in their own countries and their hosts, the European peoples “.

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Syrians planting a garden at a refugee camp in Jordan

The KKL-JNF was founded in 1901 to purchase and develop land in Ottoman Palestine for Jewish settlement. Within a century, it owned approximately 13% of Israel’s total land. Now the largest “green” organization in the world, it has planted over 240 million trees in Israel, built 180 dams and reservoirs, established more than 1,000 public parks, and developed 1,000 square kilometers of  land.

Atar concluded his remarks by saying the organization is currently examining additional projects with a refugee-focus, and will explore other sustainable projects aimed at creating employment in other countries.

Israel innovators build the next smart city: meet them in France

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In 2014, Israel was ranked first in the world in the field of innovation related to clean technology according to the “Global Cleantech Innovation Index 2014.”

With a strong entrepreneurial culture, a high-level education system and facing significant geographical and natural constraints, Israel meets the specific conditions for the emergence of innovative start-ups in the cleantech sector.

Next month in Nice, France meet some of Israel’s clean tech companies. From June 17 to 18 smart city technologies will be featured at the Israeli innovation pavilion of the Innovative City Conference. The handpicked companies include:

Aquarius Spectrum is a leak detection system for municipal water systems.

aquarius-water

ElectRoad is a wireless charging dock for electric buses, which we’ve covered here.


electroad

Elencon software to reduce HVAC costs.

Air_conditioning

GreenQ smart sensors for garbage trucks.

Saida_Dump_sidon-garbage

Sowillo produces solar energy for residential buildings.

Solar Power rural panels

TruckNet which uses a sharing economy to reduce the number of empty freight trucks on the road.

The companies are sent with the support of the Israeli Embassy in France, Israel NewTech (CleanTech initiative of the Israeli Ministry of Economy), the Chambers of Commerce France-Israel and Israel-France and Team Côte d’Azur, Innovative City Conference through its partnership with Challengy. It will be the first time Israel has a pavilion at “Innovative City”.

According to Aliza Bin-Noun, Israel Ambassador in France: “It would give us a chance to develop and deepen our good relations with the city of Nice and French companies in the sector.”

These companies, among the most promising from the early-stage startups will receive personalized support and a prime location at the Innovative City exhibition.

At the announcement of this Pavilion, Christian Estrosi, President of the Metropolis Nice Côte d’Azur and President of the PACA Region said: “beyond this excellent initiative to host a delegation of Israeli startups CleanTech in Nice for the first time, it is all the PACA region that strengthens its leadership to allow Israeli innovative companies successfully enter the French market in general.”

For its part, Challengy will work with Innovative City 2016 and in synergy with all the partners listed above to facilitate constructive partnerships with municipalities, investors and French companies in the fields of water, energy or mobility so that trade ties are established.

Yossi Dan, co-founder and Chief Innovation Officer of Challengy says: “It is now several years that our teams, based in Paris and Tel Aviv, are working on innovation projects which bridge between France and Israel. This pavilion marks a first step in the CleanTech sector, where the complementarity of these two ecosystems can both enable business agreements and R&D projects between the two countries, and  also allow them to set the business cooperation to address international markets.”

Gaza produce on the menu at swanky American event in Jerusalem

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Gaza food appetizers

Gaza’s ever-increasing population growth, combined with severe fresh water shortages is resulting in constant challenges to provide enough food for the enclave’s 1.8 million inhabitants.

Due to lack of available agricultural space, various methods used to produce food supplies have included planting roof top gardens of herbs and vegetables and small aquacultural projects to grow their own fish. We’ve always said that technologies like flux can help them grow their own food using vertical farming or hydroponics.

The US believes that Gaza needs help and is promoting agribusiness projects in the territory to enable the population to become more self-sustaining.

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Gaza sewage problem just flows right into the sea

An example of this interest was a recent garden party event sponsored by the US Consulate in Jerusalem featuring vegetables and seafood originating from Gaza. The event, hosted by US Counsul General Donald Blome, included a variety of Gaza grown vegetables and fruit, including bell peppers, cherry tomatoes, eggplants and cucumbers prepared in traditional Gazan recipe dishes; as well as locally caught sardines and other seafood (photo above).

The idea of this event was to create interest in finding ways to assist Gazan farmers and fishermen to grow and produce more food supplies from the small amounts of arable land and water resources available to them.

Prior to the year 2007, when Hamas gained control of the Gaza Strip, Palestinians in Gaza sold an average of $15.6 million worth of agricultural produce outside Gaza annually; most of it to markets in Israel. Since that time, production and export of agricultural produce has fallen to a mere trickle, due to military conflicts between terrorist groups in Gaza and Israel.

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Solar cooker on a Gaza rooftop.

This has resulted in exports of agricultural produce dropping to around $1.2 million annually, according to U.N. sources. Blome told his guests that all of the agricultural produce at the event, including fresh fruit and seafood, came from Gaza, adding: “I don’t think anyone in Jerusalem has been able to say that for the last 10 years.”

Counsul General Blome told his guests that more than 29,000 Gaza farmers lost their livlihoods as a result of the 2014 military conflict between Gaza and Israel, that destroyed crops and caused intensive damage to agricultual land and water supplies. He added that the situation has improved recently with extension of fishing distance limits in the Mediterranean off Gaza and allowance of increased exports of agricultural produce.

Gaza, water shortages, UN, desalination, fuel shortage, humanitarian disasters, Israel

Much of this produce was purchased by Israel during its sabbatical “Shmita” year when the land in Israel must law fallow due to biblical law.

Recent policy changes by Israel is allowing international organizations like USAID to bring in experts to find ways to improve the agricultural and manufacturing situation in Gaza, which suffers from more than 80% unemployment and resulting in much of the population being almost entirely dependent on UN assistance.

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Rooftop hydroponic farm in Gaza built by Moti Cohen/LivinGreen

USAID mission director for the West Bank and Gaza, Dave Harden, was quoted recently as saying that Israeli policy changes allows his organization to bring in experts to provide more sophisticated assistance to help design better water systems and develop global markets for Gaza products: “I think the consequence of us putting in American architectural design firms, engineering and construction firms, and trade firms, is very important for us to achieve a different trajectory for Gaza,” Harden said.

More efforts to enable peaceful relations between Gaza Palestinians and Israel might help a bit as well.

Read more on Gaza agricultural, fishing and water issues:
Why Gaza needs hydrophonics and aquaphonics for food security
If Gaza Goes Dry, Where will all the People Go?
Seaside Gaza Fishermen Grow Own Fish
Gaza’s Green Roofs of Herbs and Vegetables

Photo of food dishes from Gaza produce by Emily Harris/NPR

Australia lays off leading climate change scientists

diving-coral-reefs

Over here in the Middle East we look to the “enlightened West” to show us the ropes –- to set the standards for studying and enforcing climate change goals. What kind of signal does this send to the world when Australia basically lays off 275 climate change researchers, one of whom was John Church, considered to be a top 10 scientist in the field.

Australia’s national science agency, the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, or Csiro, said it will reduce its country’s role in understanding climate change.

Joshua Willis, A NASA climate scientist from California told the New York Times: “I can only imagine it will be a huge setback for global programs. It is sad and embarrassing for the Australia Government.”

Starting back in 1976 Australia has been setting baselines for measuring greenhouse gases. Church’s work focused on rising sea levels, somewhat important to Australia because it’s an island.

Australia has also recently seen massive coral die-offs in the Great Barrier Reef. Corals are not able to bounce back to extremes in temperatures and increased acidification of the seas.

Pesticides may increase nervous system diseases like ALS

tomato and looking glass israel vegetables

I don’t care about spots on my apples, leave me the birds and the bees… this was the Joni Mitchell song in the 70s when DDT was a common pesticide. It may be banned in America but its effects linger on. Then there are entire classes of pesticides that are believed to be killing us in various ways:

  • An entire class of pesticides (organophosphates) ingested in food are linked to 3 million poisonings, 200,000 deaths a year, many of them suicides in poor agrarian countries,  (Internal Medicine, 2007)
  • 3 common pesticides harm 97% of endangered plants and animals (EPA, year)
  • The World Health Organization recently designated the key ingredient in RoundUp a “probable human carcinogen”; linked to kidney disease

The list goes on. Just like proving asbestos causes lung cancer mesothelioma (20 years after exposure) it’s very difficult to prove that pesticide exposure causes long-term harm. Yet another study on pesticides, reported in JAMA Neurology, finds a direct link to pesticide exposure and the increase for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis known as Lou Gehrig’s disease or ALS.

The researchers interviewed 156 patients about pesticide exposure, going back 30 years, and took blood samples.

Those exposed to any kind of pesticide were 5 times more vulnerable to ALS than those with no exposure, the researchers concluded in the study.

Time to start growing our fresh food hydroponically people. It’s pesticide free if you do it right.

Forests could suck up world’s greenhouse gases

Saudi Arabian mangrove forests

The earth warming is not a recent invention. Scientists were already alarmed 20 years ago and more as they saw ozone layers ripping apart and the world getting warming. Back then I was charged to lead a forestry project –– finding if and how poplar trees could grow beside roads and highways to suck up greenhouse gas.

Now what would seem like a no brainer moment for scientists, shows us the obvious: by letting forests grow we can greatly remediate the effects of climate change (and a mass Exodus from the Middle East) in the near future. This is new research from the University of Connecticut led by Robin Chazdon.

robin-chazdon

Her recent study in Latin America shows that if recently abandoned South American farmland reverts to forests we can suck up 31 billion tons of carbon in the next 40 years. That will offset two decades of using fossil fuels in the region. If additional pastures are abandoned some 7 billion more tons could be sucked up.

A forest as carbon sink? Brilliant! I am pleased that there are scientists who have the patience to demonstrate common sense to the world.

The paper also offers a due date as to when this should be done so we can avoid the tipping point –– a climate change disaster. “This is a potential contribution that is sitting right under our noses,” said Chazdon.

Let’s also look to more sustainable way of growing food and less use of unsustainable farming practices. Hydroponics is one very good option.

Jews and Arabs turn on Mideast solar project for West Bank farmers

SOLAR west bank panels

As an innovator of solar energy, Israel has been involved in a number of pilot projects in its Negev desert regions; in particular, one with Arava Power which resulted in a  solar energy plant being put in place in the Arava region near Kibbutz Ketura.

Areas in the West Bank under control of the Palestinian Authority have had ongoing energy problems making it mostly dependent on Israel for electricity needs. This dependence has resulted in Palestinians embracing the use of solar energy to reduce their dependency on Israel for supplying electricity at much higher costs. There are some innovators also turning to geothermal energy in the West Bank.

Joint infrastructure projects between Israel and the Palestinians have up to now been less successful, however, due to political issues as well as constant strife between Palestinians and Jewish settlers living in areas across the so-called ‘green line’.

There may finally be some light at the end of this seemingly endless tunnel, however, with a new solar energy project financed by a joint Jewish, Christian and Muslim NGO, Build Israel Palestine, that is involved in raising money to fund development projects in Palestine, including solar energy.

According to a recent article in the New York Times, a solar energy pilot project has already begun helping farmers and residents of the West Bank town of Auja.

Garden of Auja
Garden of Auja irrigated by treated greywater

The Auja solar project, an initiative of a New York Jewish man, Ben Jablonski, who was formerly with the Jewish National Fund, Israel’s leading land development organization, has already improved the lives of local Palestinians by giving them more affordable electricity. (Visit our trip to Auja)

Auja_playground

Farmers in the area now have a more reliable electricity source, with solar panels providing the power to pump underground water supplies for irrigating crops. Though small in comparison with other solar energy projects elsewhere, and costing around $100,000, the Auja project now provides electricity to around 45 local farmers as well as to Auja’s 5,000 inhabitants.

The project has been lauded by the Palestinian Wastewater Engineers Group, which is a partner in the project. “The valley where the project is located has plenty of sunlight, and this has been put to use” said Monther Hind, a senior Palestinian engineer who is partner to Friends of the Earth Middle East with Gidon Bromberg in Israel.

The project does not mean that Israeli and Palestinian relations are improving, however. Auja’s mayor, Fakhri Injoum, says that joint Israel/Palestinian projects are not really welcomed. Local residents appear to think otherwise, however.

While only a start, it is hoped that more solar projects will follow, and eventually provide Palestinians with a larger portion of their electricity needs. The Auja solar project provides around 25,000 watts of power from its 3,000 sq. feet solar panel array “when the sun is brightest”.

Read more on solar energy issues in Israel and Palestine:

Solar energy brings affordable energy to Palestinian homes
Palestinians embrace solar to reduce dependency on Israel
Despite Solar Innovations, Israel Lags Far Behind Europe and the US in Results

Photo of solar panels from Build Israel Palestine by Uriel Sinai and NY Times

Plants give biofeedback to optimize their own light levels in hydroponics

biofeedback-lighting-plants

Controlled environment agriculture is rapidly becoming an important part of the global food system. For example, there has been much interest in the potential of large-scale, indoor agricultural production – often referred to as vertical farming – as a means to produce high quantities of produce.

These “plant factories” are expensive to operate, however, in part because of the large power requirements of electric lamps that provide the type and amount of light necessary for photosynthesis in plants.

See related: flux device monitors and controls your food destiny

To find new methods of adapting lighting to plants’ requirements in controlled environments such as vertical farms, researchers from the University of Georgia, Athens developed and tested a biofeedback system that allows for the control of light levels based on the physiological performance of the plants. “Controlling the intensity of light based on plants’ ability to use it efficiently may substantially reduce the energy cost of LED lighting, and contribute to making large-scale controlled environment agriculture more profitable,” one of the researchers reported.

The researchers used lettuce, pothos, and sweet potato plants in experiments with photosynthetic light provided by a 400-Watt LED. Using chlorophyll fluorescence measurements, a data-logger determined how efficiently the plants used the light they received.

This data was used to calculate the electron transport rate (ETR), which is an indicator of photosynthesis. The data-logger then altered the duty cycle (the proportion of time that the LEDs are energized during each short on/off cycle) of the LEDs to provide more or less light.

The target ETR was altered in a stepwise pattern over a 15-h period. The biofeedback system was capable of automatically adjusting the light levels to assure that the desired ETR was reached. As the target ETR was increased, light levels increased as well. In addition, conversion of light energy into heat (a common way for plants to deal with excess light) was upregulated, while the light use efficiency decreased.

As the target ETR was decreased during the last 7 hours, conversion of light into heat decreased greatly in lettuce and pothos, with only a small increase in light use efficiency: “This suggests that the light use efficiency of lettuce and pothos was limited by a process other than conversion into heat, likely light-induced damage to the photosynthetic machinery in the leaves,” the authors noted.

“The biofeedback system successfully maintained a wide range of ETR values in different species, while it also is capable of distinguishing between conversion of light into heat and damage to the photosynthetic machinery as causes for decreases in light use efficiency,” the authors said.

They said the biofeedback system has potential applications in controlled environment agriculture, as well as basic plant physiology studies, where the system can be used to maintain specific levels of physiological activity.

جائزة كاتيرفا – أرفع تقدير لابتكار بيئي: تمنح لتنظيف المحيطات

boyan-slat-ocean-cleanup

الابتكار من أجل المال و المصلحة العامة معا – هذا ما ترنوا إليه مجموعة من الشركات التي تسعى إلى إحداث تغييرات إيجابية على الصعيد العالمي، و تقديم أنماط تفكير جديدة لإيجاد حلول عملية في هذا الصدد. وتعتبر جائزة كاتيرفا هي الوسام الأرفع لتلك الشركات، و الذي يُقلد به عشر منها كل عام في مجالات مختلفة كاعتراف و تقدير بابتكاراتها

في العام الماضي، تقدم بضع من 3,500 شركة بأفكارها المبتكرة لحكام الجائزة، و الذين وقع اختيارهم على شركة ذا أوشن كلين أب، أو شركة تنظيف المحيطات، و التي تُعنى بإزالة الجسيمات البلاستيكية من المحيطات باستخدام غربال ضخم يعمل بطاقة المد و الجذر. و تقوم تلك الشركة حاليا بأكبر عملية تنظيف للمحيطات في التاريخ، و كان قد أنشأها في سنة 2013 شاب من هولندا يبلغ من العمر 19 عاما فقط آنذاك اسمه بويان سلات

و تأتي هذه الجائزة في وقتها، حيث يذهب ضحية التلوث في المحيطات بسبب الجسيمات البلاسيكية أكثر من مليون من الطيور البحرية و 100 ألف من الثديات البحرية. و طبعا، تجد تلك السموم طريقها إلى داخل أجسادنا عبر السلسلة الغذائية التي ينتهي إحدا أعضائها على موائدنا. أما تقنيا، فتستخدم الشركة غربال ضخم بعمق 3 أمتار تحت مستوى سطح البحر، و يقوم بجمع الجزيئات المصحوبة مع الأمواج بدون أي جهد ذاتي. و أشارت دراسات أنه يكفي 100 كيلومتر فقط من هذا الغربال لإزالة 42 بالمئة من دوامة نفايات شمال المحيط الهادئ

تقوم المؤسسة المانحة للجائزة بدعم الشركات الفائزة بها عن طريق تحالفات مع أكثر الشخصيات و الشركات تأثيرا في مجالاتها – من رواد أعمال و رؤساء دول و وزراء و أكاديميين و مؤسسات دولية ربحية و غير ربحية. و قال بويان أنه يشعر بالفخر بالإنجاز الذي حققته شركته و نيلها الجائزة، و التي تعتبر برأيه دليل ثقة على فاعلية الابتكار الذي قدمه. و قالت من جهتها بيتينا فون ستام، مديرة جائزة كاتيرفا، أنها سعيدة  بكل المؤسسات و الشخصيات الذين يدعمون الفائزين بالجائزة حتى تحقيق إمكاناتهم الابتكارية الكاملة.

و مؤسسة كاتيرفا هي مؤسسة غير ربحية أنشأها استراتيجي الأعمال تيري واجهورن في العام 2010 بهدف البحث و تقييم و دعم الابتكارات التي من شأنها خلق حلول www.katerva.net مستدامة و تطبيقية في غضون عقد من الزمن. موقع مؤسسة كاتيرفا على الإنترنت هو

أما عن بقية الفائزين في المجالات الأخرى للعام الماضي، فهم كالآتي

فئة التغيير السلوكي
Fairphone
شركة تسعى إلى تحسين دورة حياة الهواتف النقالة عن طريق جلب مواد صناعية من أماكن خالية من النزاعات و مواد بلاستيكية مُدورة بهدف تحسين معاشات العاملين في مصانع تلك الهواتف

fairphone-1

فئة الاقتصاد
Social Progress Index
و هو مؤشر على امكانية التقدم الاجتماعي في الدول من بعد تلبية حاجات سكانها الأساسية

social-progress-index

فئة الأغذية
Salt Farm Texel
شركة ابتكرت طريقة لإنتاج محاصيل محصنة من الملوحة للتعويض عن النقص في التربة الزراعية و موارد المياه

salt-farm-texel

فئة المساواة بين الجنسين
Akili Dada
مؤسسة تسعى إلى مساعدة النساء (من 13 ربيعا حتى 35) في تحسين مهاراتهن و مؤهلاتهن لاتخاذ مراكز صنع القرار في المجتمعات

2016-Akili-Dada-Fellowship-for-Young-African-Women-Leaders

فئة التنمية البشرية
Nanoly
شركة طورت حلول كيميائية لإبقاء اللقاحات صالحة دون الحاجة إلى تبريد

nanoly-vaccine

فئة المواد و الموارد – المياه
Nebia Shower
شركة أنتجت تكنولوجيا للغسل بدون استهلاك كبير للمياه عن طريق خلق سحابة غامرة من الضباب

vaprizing-shower-nebia

فئة الطاقة
GravityLight
شركة أنتجت مولدا كهربائيا يعمل بالجاذبية ليمد بالطاقة صمامات ثنائية باعثة للضوء دون احتياج لأي أشعة شمسية أو بطاريات

gravity-light

فئة المواصلات
Qualcomm Halo
شركة أنتجت شاحنات لاسلكية للسيارات التي التعمل بالطاقة الكهربائية

qualcomm-halo-electric-car

فئة المدن الذكية
Living Breakwaters
شركة ابتكرت كاسرات للأمواج مصنوعة من الإسمنت المُهندس بيئيا و الذي بإمكانه التخفيف من قوة الموج و إنشاء مساكن طبيعية للأسماك و خلق مياه هادئة للاستجمام على الشاطئ

living-breakwaters

Dubai trash can catches nearly 40,000 speed racers!

dubai trash can robo copDubai is synonymous with man-made folly. Their Burj Khalifa, the world’s tallest building, stands over half a mile high. They have manufactured islands in the shape of palm trees and continents. You can play tennis atop a skyscraper or ski in a mall. Now they’ve extended their fantastical designs to everyday functionality, with new garbage bins that track speeding cars.

Fiery May heatwave is setting Israel ablaze

May Israeli heat waveIsrael is smoking hot when it comes to tech start-ups, fashion, and vegetarian cuisine, but yesterday it showed signs of getting too hot for its own good. Air temperatures topped 46 degrees Celsius (nearly 115 degrees Fahrenheit) in Eilat,  a record high for the Red Sea resort town according to the Israel Meteorological Service. The sharav – or heat wave – has caused hundreds of cases of dehydration and heatstroke, triggered brush fires, and placed extreme pressure on the national electrical grid. Nearby Jordan is experiencing similar weather.

Israeli agriculture companies tackle ecological problems

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cherry tomatoTel Aviv’s Ben Gurion International Airport (TLV) is hosting a yearlong exhibition on Israeli innovation that underscores the country’s reputation as the world’s “Start-up Nation”. Travelers through Israel’s main gateway are treated to an overview of 60 scientific and technological inventions and discoveries, several hailing from the labs of Ben Gurion University, with emphasis on Israel’s Nobel Prize winners.

It’s an excellent way to pass time between flights, but if you’re not one of the 8 million annual passengers who use TLV, allow us to introduce you to three of the best entrants which address themes close to Green Prophet’s heart – water security and organic food production.

Welcome to “Israeli Discoveries and Developments that Influenced the World,” launched by Israel’s Science, Technology and Space Ministry.

“We are showing the vast contributions of Israeli science and technology to the world and all humanity,” Israel Science, Technology and Space Minister Ofir Akunis said at the launch. And the featured projects are indeed vast, and varied.

Our lead image, photographed by Roei Greenberg, is part of the exhibit representing the work of Professor Emeritus Yossi Mizrahi of Ben Gurion University’s Department of Life Sciences who was part of a scientific team that developed the cherry tomato.

Other featured inventions include the flash drive, Israeli-grown Intel microchips, and a wide range of robotics and pharmaceuticals that improve the lives of millions around the world. We encourage you to watch the video clips, and check out the companies’ websites for more information.

And if you happen to be at TLV, look for the full exhibition located just beyond passport control.

Netafim is the world’s leading manufacturer of drip irrigation systems, which save up to 70 percent of the water used in agriculture. Did you know that drip irrigation is an Israeli invention? The technique emerged in the 1960s on Kibbutz Hazerim, developed and refined by engineer Simcha Blass, who began manufacturing primitive drip systems on site. Netafim has taken it further, developing other water-saving tech including overhead sprays and oscillating sprinklers now used around the world.

TaKaDu tackles water delivery. offering smart solutions to leaking pipes. Amir Peleg founded the company in 2009 which collects data from already existing network meters and sensors to allow clients to monitor their water networks, detect leaks and inefficiencies, and track equipment performance in real-time. A boon to operations of industrial and utility-scale water systems everywhere.

BioBee, where Green Prophet’s Karin has worked, is the anti-Syngenta, developing sustainable methods of natural pest control for agricultural purposes. They fight fire with fire, using beneficial insects and mites to control unwanted pests in greenhouses and in open fields.

Israel’s Kibbutz Sde Eliyahu has been a pioneer in organic agriculture, establishing it’s corporate entity –  Bio-Bee Biological Systems – in 1984. Its subsidiary Bio Fly also markets pollinating bumblebees. Bio-Bee products are currently exported to 30 countries.

flux, a technology you won’t see there yet (but hopefully soon), has developed a device to make it super easy for any one to grow the most sustainably produced food in the world using hydroponics. The product launches this summer and I can’t wait.

The airport exhibit aims to increase public awareness of science and promote Israel’s prowess on the global playing field of innovation and invention. According to the Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs, a recent survey showed that 43% of Israelis are unaware that Israel’s first President, Chaim Weizmann, was originally a chemist. Approximately 50% of Israelis were unable to name even one Israeli Nobel laureate scientist (there are eight!). Sections of the exhibit are devoted to Israel’s three Turing laureates and one Fields Medal winner. Renowned scientists Albert Einstein, Chaim Weizmann, and Aaron Aaronsohn also get a nod.

Israel leads the world in the highest number of startups per capita, giving rise to thousands of innovations in a range of fields, from agriculture to medicine to technology, which directly influence on the lives of millions of people around the world.

Lead photo: Israeli Ministry of Science; videos from the featured companies

Jordanian architect Hanna Salameh to eco-fix Jordan’s faulty towers

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Amman Jordan green buildingFor five years a set of unfinished twin towers have stood watch over Amman, Jordan, construction halted – allegedly crippled by lawsuits. The filthy glass facades soar above a street-level footprint ringed by old hoarding, abandoned building material and trash. The empty skyscrapers stand in silent testimony to both the 2008 world financial crisis and a more localized crisis in smart urban planning.

Now a young architect throws out a nationwide challenge, posting on his website, “Amman, it’s time to talk!”

Hanna Salameh, founder of the design firm that bears his name, has collaborated with architects on his staff to propose a radical solution to these faulty towers.  Renaming Jordan Towers as Jordan Gate Park, they envision a facility that returns a sense of place and scale to its neighborhood while serving as a fully visible beacon to renewable energy and the industry’s best practices in green design. If realized, it would transform them into the most sustainable development in the kingdom.

Green Prophet met up with Salameh to get the full story.

Green Prophet: Congratulations!  You’ve been the man of the moment on social media and radio; clearly you’ve touched on a something many locals are passionate about.

Hanna Salameh: Thanks, the response is overwhelming. We are getting comments on our Facebook page, company website, and the phone hasn’t stopped ringing.

Hanna Salameh

GP: What’s the story of the site?

HS:  The towers were built on what used to be a public park that was created on lands donated to the city for that purpose. It’s not clear how the site was made available for private development. The park was surrounded by a dense residential neighborhood and was very popular. It had a large emotional legacy to those who grew up in that part of Amman.

The Jordan Gate project was riddled with problems. The site cannot support the added car traffic that the planned offices and commercial spaces would generate. Servicing its enormous water and sewage demands would be problematic too.

Amman Jordan green building

GP: What’s your story?

HS: I grew up in Jordan, and studied architecture at McGill University in Montreal. I returned home and in 2012 I started my company in Amman, Hanna Salameh Design. “Green” is in my blood.  I grew up surrounded by examples of sensible, sustainable design.

When I was a kid, my grandfather would take me with him to visit the many ancient castles in Jordan. I was always amazed how the interiors were cool, in sharp contrast to the intense heat and sunshine outside. He taught me about natural air conditioning, and skillful use of shade. I became passionate about smart passive design, using materials to decrease dependence on mechanical heating and cooling. My company is known for green design, our buildings use 50-70 percent less energy than those built according to standard practices.

GP: Regulations related to planning, design and construction in Jordan seem a bit lax. Building codes don’t seem to adopt international best practices, with many buildings under-insulated, with far too much exterior glass for the climate. There’s little evidence of robust planning around the impacts of new construction on traffic, parking, emergency services.  Do you think stronger, centralized codes would make sure developments were of better quality?

HS: Rigorous planning and clear codes of course would help. But my focus is on raising public awareness. There’s a lack of education about how our buildings could be better, without driving up costs or adding complication. A big part of the Jordan Gate Park project is about showing people how a large project can bring real benefits to its community.  This can generate renewable energy, provide needed public areas for people to relax and interact, it can even supply a steady, organic food supply – all of this open to the public to explore and learn about, and maybe even merge into their own homes.

Amman Jordan green buildingGP: What motivated you to take on this project?

HS: As a Amman-based architecture firm, we decided to suggest a radical solution that could turn this potential disaster into a positive project that contributes to the sustainability of our country. Jordan has big energy and water problems. We can use these towers to fix part of these problems.

Amman Jordan green buildingGP: What’s your approach?

HS: We start by removing most of the glass that now wraps the buildings – about 25,000 panels that we’ll re-purpose for other uses on and off site. We’ll sheath the southern facades with photovoltaic (PV) panels – we estimate using 1,500 PV panels, the equivalent of placing eight panels on every house in the surrounding 800 m2 neighborhood.

The towers have 180 m tall shafts for elevators and services. We will open several of these shafts to act as wind towers, siphoning hot air from ground level up through the roof, creating strong air currents in the process, which can be harvested by wind turbines to generate even more electricity.

Amman Jordan green buildingHS:  But the most important thing we want to do is start urban farming, and turn these towers into vertical farms right in the middle of the city. Each floor is a potential farm with an area of 2,500 m2. Farmers can cultivate popular crops such as cucumbers and tomatoes that grow in natural sunlight, and introduce more exotic varieties in special-purpose controlled environments, enclosed in glass and illuminated by low-consumption LED lights.

The towers offer a total planting area of 200,000 m2, equivalent to transforming the entire street level community into a center-city farm!

Amman Jordan green building

HS: Another important aspect of our design is turning the site back into a public park, and help make these skyscrapers relate to human scale. We’ll open up the roof of the first-level basement to admit sunlight and connect it to the park above. We’ll re-purpose about 10,000 of the glass wall panels into stalls for a new farmers’ market. Tower farmers can sell their fresh produce directly to consumers, cutting out the middleman, shipping costs, and harmful CO2 emissions.

Amman Jordan green building

HS: As for the rest of those glass panels?  We’ll build 1,900 bus stops across Amman and the kingdom. They can be signed in interesting ways to promote tips of energy and water saving to create further awareness.

Amman Jordan green building

HS: There is a lot more we can do with these towers. Like creating a viewing deck on the top floor to enjoy the beautiful views of Amman. And a tower-top restaurant that serves food cooked from the delicious organic products grown in the towers. We want to create a green gym with sports equipment that generates electricity.

There’s so much more potential – we could add extreme entertainment such as bungee jumping off the towers, zip-lining between them, installing hi-tech roller coasters – you can see more about this in the video we created (below). And of course we’ll have an educational part  to explain how the project works and educated the public further about green design and energy and water saving.

[youtube]https://youtu.be/5FA-OMYiIHQ[/youtube]

HS: So as you can see, we are hitting about 15 birds with one stone. Most importantly, we are protecting our city from a big problem and transforming these two towers into a positive project that generates power, produces food and gives us back our park.

We believe that the cost of implementing these ideas is less than finishing the original planned project. And the new functions will generate significant income for the tower owners, returning first investment and creating new revenue streams from renewable energy generation and food production.

GP: Any parting words for us?

HS: Let’s turn these towers into a landmark that represents progress and sustainability. Their presence will raise awareness on issues of energy and water, and through them we can prove to the world that we can learn from our mistakes and turn them into big positives for our city and country. Help us make this vision a reality. Connect with us through our website or Facebook or Twitter using the #JordanGatePark.

Images from the project YouTube video

جفاف الشرق الأوسط هو الأسوء منذ 900 سنة: وكالة ناسا

worst drought in 900 years

خلُصت دراسة أجرتها وكالة ناسا الأمريكية مؤخرا إلى أن الجفاف الذي يجتاح بلاد حوض المتوسط الشرقي منذ العام 1998 هو الأسوء منذ العام 1100. و اعتمد العلماء في ناسا على دراسة عينات حية و غير حية من حلقات جذوع الأشجار، مأخوذة من عدة دول على حوض المتوسط و ذلك لتحديد أنماط السنوات الماطرة و الجافة على مدى 900 سنة خلت. و تعتبر جذوع الأشجار مؤشرا جيدا على نسبة هطول الأمطار في منطقة ما، حيث تشير الحلقات النحيلة إلى نسبة مياه قليلة في النظام البيئي المجاور، و العكس صحيح بالنسبة للحلقات الأكثر سُمكا. و خلُصت الدراسة إلى أن الفترة الزمنية ما بين العام 1998 و 2012 كانت الأكثر جفافا مقارنة بباقي الفترات، و على أن الجفاف كان نتاجا للأثر البشري على الطبيعة

و قال عالم تغيير المناخ في ناسا بن كوك أن المظاهر الجوية لمنطقة شرق حوض المتوسط شهدت مجالا واسعا من التغييرات على طول الألفية الماضية، و لكن السنوات العشرين الأخيرة تعتبر الأكثر تطرفا في تلك المظاهر، و التي كان التغيير فيها خارج نطاق المألوف طبيعيا. و كشفت الدراسة أيضا على أن الجفاف غير محكوم بمنطقة معينة على الحوض، أي إن وقع الجفاف في منطقة ما فعلى الأغلب انتقاله إلى مناطق مجاورة بحكم انتشار شروط الجفاف. و علق عالم المناخ في جامعة أريزونا كيفن أنشوكايتيس على هذه الظاهرة قائلا أنها قد تسبب اضطرابا كبيرا في أنظمة تحصيل الغذاء، بالإضافة إلى نزاعات على موارد المياه

أنظمة الغذاء و موارد المياه – اضطرابات و نزاعات

و في المشرق العربي، كان الجفاف الحاصل بين العام 1998 و 2012 أكثر جفافا بنسبة 50 بالمئة من أكثر الفترات جفافا في ال500 سنة الماضية، و بنسبة 10 إلى 20 بالمئة من أكثر الفترات جفافا في ال900 سنة الماضية. و في نفس السياق، كشف باحثون في جامعة كولومبيا و جامعة كاليفورنيا الأمريكيتين بأن الجفاف الحاصل في بلاد الشام كان السبب في انهيار المنظومة الزراعية في سوريا، مما أدى إلى هجرة 1.5 مليون مزارع من الأرياف إلى المدن و زيادة الضغط على موارد المياه هناك. و كان النقص في المياه أحد الأسباب التي أدت بدورها إلى إحالة الأمور أكثر سوءا، مما عجل بالحرب التي دمرت البلد و ما زالت منذ العام 2011

و كشف الباحثون أيضا عن أنماط مناخية تساعدهم في تحديد الأسباب الكامنة وراء الجفاف، و عن إذا للأفعال البشرية أي يد في جعلها أسوء أثرا مقارنة بغيرها.  و قال كوك أن هذا البحث ساهم في تحسين النماذج الحاسوبية التي تحاكي أثر التغيير المناخي، و ساعدت في تأكيد دراسات أخرى للأثر البشري في افتعال حالات مناخية متطرفة

و تعتبر حركة الرياح و تفاعلها مع الحالات المائية في المحيطات أحد أهم المظاهر الكونية التي تؤثر بالجفاف و حدوثه. و في حالة حوض المتوسط، هنالك ظاهرتين رئسيستين تؤثرا في جفافه أو رطوبته، و هما تذبذب شمال الأطلسي و نمط شرق الأطلسي. تعمل هاتين الظاهرتين على مراحل دورية من شأنها إبعاد العواصف الماطرة عن البحر الأبيض المتوسط و جلب هواءا أكثر سخونة و جفافا إلى حوضه. و بطبيعة الحال، تقل نسبة هطول الأمطال و تزداد درجات الحرارة في تلك المناطق، مسببة بذلك بتبخر مياه التربة و حدوث الجفاف. و في هذا الصدد، قال عالم المناخ في مركز لامونت دوهرتي للمراصد الأرضية يوكانان كوشنر أنه من المُجمع عليه في الوسط العلمي أن حوض المتوسط سيشهد جفافا أكبر في المستقبل بسبب تغييرات المناخ المفتعلة بشريا، مشيرا بذلك إلى أن المشرق العربي بدأ يستشعر آثار الاحتباس الحراري العالمي من الآن

الهجرة الكبيرة من الشرق الأوسط و شمال أفريقيا – هروب من المناخ

qatar-dust-storm

خلُص باحثون في مركز ماكس بلانك في ألمانيا و مركز قبرص للأبحاث بأن الشرق الأوسط و شمال أفريقيا لن يعودا قابلين للعيش الآدمي، و أن أعداد المهاجرين هربا من بيئتهم المحلية في تلك المناطق سيزداد كثيرا. و أوضح الباحثون أن هذه النتيجة القاتمة لن تتغير حتى و إن نجح العالم في تحقيق هدفه المنشود بإرساء الارتفاع الحراري العالمي إلى أقل من درجتين مئويتين كما نص اتفاق باريس في قمة الأمم المتحدة للمناخ مؤخرا. ارتفاع درجات الحرارة الصيفية في الشرق الأوسط و شمال أفريقيا ستزداد بسرعة قدرها ضعفي مثيلاتها من المعدلات العالمية، مما يعني أن الحرارة ستبلغ 46 درجة مئوية خلال الأيام الحارة على الشواطئ الجنوبية للبحر الأبيض المتوسط، و أن تلك الأيام الحارة ستتكرر خمسة أضعاف عددها في بداية الألفية. تلك الزيادة في عدد الأيام الحارة، بالإضافة إلى تلوث الهواء من جراء غبار الصحراء، سيجعلا من بيئة الشرق الأوسط و شمال أفريقيا غير محتملة من قبل سكانهما، مما سيؤدي إلى هجرات بيئية هربا من تلك المناطق

قال مدير مركز ماكس بلانك للكيمياء جوس ليلفيلد أن مساحات كبيرة في الشرق الأوسط و شمال أفريقيا قد تشهد تغيرا في المناخ بالشكل الذي سيهدد وجود سكان تلك المناطق. علما أن مظاهر تغيير المناخ بدأت تظهر في تلك المناطق الحارة أصلا، و أن عدد الأيام الحارة جدا قد تضاعفت منذ العام 1970. و عمل ليلفيلد و رفاقه على دراسة تغير الحرارة المحتمل في الشرق الأوسط و شمال أفريقيا على القرن الواحد و العشرين، و جائت النتائج مثيرة للقلق: حتى و إن ارتفعت معدلات الحرارة العالمية بنسبة درجتين مئويتين فقط مقارنة بمعدلات ما قبل الصناعة، فإن ارتفاع درجات الحرارة الصيفية في تلك المناطق سيزداد بنسبة الضعف، و أنه بحلول منتصف القرن الحالي، ستصل الحرارة إلى 46 درجة مئوية في النهار، و لن تنزل عن 30 درجة ليلا. أما بحلول نهاية القرن، ستقفز الحرارة إلى 50 درجة في منتصف الأيام الحارة، و  سيزداد عدد موجات الحرارة عشرة أضعاف معدلاته الحالية

من 16 إلى 80 يوما شديد الحرارة بحلول نصف القرن

أما عن مدة موجات الحرارة، فمن المتوقع أن تقفز إلى 80 يوما في السنة بعد أن كان عدد الأيام شديدة الحرارة يبلغ 16 في الفترة بين العام 1986 و 2005، في حين قد يصل العدد إلى 118 يوما في حلول نهاية القرن الحالي – حتى في حال انخفاض الانبعاثات الدفيئة بعد العام 2040. و علق خبير تغيير المناخ في مركز قبرص بانوس هاجينيكولاو قائلا بأن سكان المنطقة عليهم تحمل حوالي 200 يوم في السنة من الأيام شديدة الحرارة في حال واصلت البشرية إصدارها غاز ثاني أوكسيد الكربون بمعدلات انبعاثه الحالية. و من جهته قال الباحث في العلوم الجوية جوس ليلفيلد بأنه متأكد من ضرر تغيير المناخ على بيئة و صحة سكان تلك المناطق، و بأن موجات الحرارة المطولة و عواصف الصحراء الغبارية سيجعلا من بعض المناطق غير صالحة للمعيشة، مما سيدفع بالسكان للهجرة. و كشف الباحثان أيضا عن دلائل تفيد بزيادة تلوث الهواء في الشرق الأوسط بالجسيمات الدقيقة، و ذلك جراء زياده قدرها 70 بالمئة  في الغبار الصحراوي فوق المملكة العربية السعودية و العراق و سوريا مقارنة بمعدلاتها في بداية القرن الحالي. و تأتي هذه الزيادة في العواصف الرملية بسبب الجفاف المطول الذي اجتاح المنطقة مؤخرا، و الذي من المتوقع أن يزداد سوءا بسبب الحالة البيئية في المنطقة

ارتفاعات حرارية أكثر في صيف حار أصلا

و توصل الباحثان إلى نتائج بحثهما من خلال مقارنة بيانات المناخ المسجلة من العام 1986 حتى 2005 مع 26 نموذجا مناخيا لنفس الفترة. و قد أظهرت البيانات المسجلة و النتائج المتوقعة من قبل النماذج تطابقا ممتازا، مما مكن الباحثان و رفاقهما من استخدام النماذج لاستنتاج حالة المناخ المتوقعة للفترات بين الأعوام 2046 و 2065 من جهة، و الأعوام 2081 و 2100 من جهة أخرى

و قد أسند الباحثان حساباتهما إلى سيناريوهين مستقبليين: الأول يفترض بدءا بانخفاض في الانباعاثات الدفيئة العالمية بحلول العام 2040، مصحوبا بحالة حرارية لكوكب الأرض تبلغ 4.5 واط للمتر المربع الواحد مع نهاية القرن الحالي. و يعادل هذا السيناريو ما ترنو إليه قمة الأمم المتحدة للمناخ لكبح الزيادة الحرارية العالمية لدرجتين مئويتين فقط. أما السيناريو الثاني فيفترض زيادة في الانبعاثات الدفيئة العالمية دون أي قيود، مما يُترجم إلى ارتفاع في معدل درجة الحرارة على سطح الأرض بأكثر من أربع درجات مئوية مقارنة بمعدلات ما قبل الصناعة. و في كلتا الحالتين، سيشهد الشرق الأوسط و شمال أفريقيا الارتفاع الأعلى في فصل الصيف الحار أصلا، عوضا عن فصل الشتاء الذي سيشهد ارتفاعا أكبر في درجات الحرارة في مناطق أخرى من العالم. و تأتي هذه الظاهرة بسبب التضخيم الحراري الذي تتسبب به المناطق الصحراوية، حيث أنه من الصعب تبريد السطح الصحراوي الحار و الجاف بفعل تبخر المياه الجوفية، و بما أن الإشعاعات الحرارية هي من يتحكم بتوازن الطاقة على تلك السطوح، فإن الأثر الحراري للغازات الدفيئة و بخار الماء سيتضاعف بنسب أكبر في الصحراء مقارنة بأماكن ذات جغرافيا مغايرة

و بغض النظر عن أي من السيناريوهين سيأخذ مجراه على أرض الواقع في المستقبل، يتفق الباحثان على أن تغير المناخ سيؤدي إلى تدهور رهيب في الظروف المعيشية في شمال أفريقيا و الشرق الأوسط، مما سيتسبب بهجرة كبيرة لسكانهما عاجلا أم آجلا

 Image Credit: Molly John, Flickr, Creative Commons