According to a study published in the journal ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, Despina Fragouli and her colleagues at the Italian Institute of Technology found that mixing spent coffee grounds with silicone created a rubbery foam that is capable of separating lead and mercury from water (image below).

The team combined pulverized espresso coffee grounds with silicone and sugar, which they baked into brown, foam-like blocks that act as water filters. The all-natural blocks are made of up to 70 percent recycled coffee grounds, and are fully biodegradable. Fragouli told Water Online. “The porous composites can be safely and easily utilized and disposed of, making possible large-scale utilization.”

During 30-hour testing in still water, the filter removed 99 percent of lead and mercury traces. When water was permitted to actively flow through the foam, it removed 67 percent of lead. “We are investigating if we can arrive to the acceptable limits for lead and mercury for drinkable water,” Fragouli said. “In order to arrive to a commercial product, we need to make further studies based on the exact application on which this material can be used.” The team envisions that the foam blocks could be installed at industrial water sites and urban wastewater processing plants. 

Earlier studies had shown that powdered coffee can also extract metals from water, but often require the use of synthetic additives to do so.  Fragouli’s method is cheaper and more sustainable compared to other systems whch deploy synthetic materials.

The World Health Organization has identified lead as 1 of 10 chemicals of major public health concern, needing action by Member States to protect the health of workers, children and women of reproductive age.

A naturally occuring toxic metal found in the earth’s crust, it is a cumulative toxicant that affects multiple body systems and is particularly harmful to young children.

• Lead in the body is distributed to the brain, liver, kidney and bones. It is stored in the teeth and bones, where it accumulates over time. Human exposure is usually assessed through measuring lead levels in blood.
• Lead in bone is released into blood during pregnancy and becomes a source of exposure to the developing fetus.
• There is no known level of lead exposure that is considered safe.
• Lead exposure is preventable.

The Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) has estimated based on 2015 data that worldwide lead exposure accounted for 494,550 deaths and loss of 9.3 million disability-adjusted life years due to long-term effects on health. The highest burden is in low- and middle-income countries. IHME also estimated that lead exposure accounted for 12.4% of the global burden of idiopathic developmental intellectual disability, 2.5% of the global burden of ischaemic heart disease and 2.4% of the global burden of stroke.

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, there are an estimated 4 million Amaerican households with children that are being exposed to high levels of lead.

Currently, much of the world’s used grounds go to landfills.  Some are applied as fertilizer, used as a biodiesel source, or mixed into animal feed. This newest repurposing tackles water remediation, perhaps the largest contemporary environmental problem.

*151.3 million 60 kg bags of coffee consumed in coffee year 2015/16

Image of coffee grounds from Youtube; Despina Fragouli and her foam block from the Italian Institute of Technology

The post Repurposing coffee grounds to create safe drinking water appeared first on Green Prophet.

If shark conservation isn’t your thing, and you are one of the people creating a worldwide demand for shark fin soup, think about this next time you slurp: filmmaker and activist Jonathan Ali Khan is presenting a new TV documentary in the United Arab Emirates on the health risks of eating shark meat, the Gulf News reports.

Collecting footage for the NGO Shark Quest Arabia, we featured Jonathan Ali Khan here. His new show will document in detail how sharks, high on the food chain in the marine ecosystem, have dangerously high levels of mercury. This metal is linked to brain damage and infertility.

Working on sampling for mercury levels in the Gulf “You need testing from fishing and landing sites, biopsy samples. You need a small tissue or blood specimen. But some fishermen don’t take too kindly to that — they’re getting a bit more defensive,” Ali Khan said.

Our own reporter Tafline went undercover and took pictures of sharks in a fish market in Dubai, where they are sold openly even though it is not lawful to do so. Even mainstream grocery stores throughout the Gulf country stock sharks that have not yet had a chance to mature.

Mercury flows to the ocean via industrial processes and the metal is stored in the fat of the sharks over time. We hope that Ali Khan’s documentary will scare people away from eating shark meat and shark fins.

In the Middle East sharks are poached illegally for their fins and meat. Although shark fins are nothing more than rubber cartilage, I guess people like eating shark because it makes them feel omnipotent.

We recently reported that Red Sea sharks face extinction because no one in Egypt is monitoring illegal poaching, and fishermen are culling the animals en masse to satisfy a steady demand for shark fin soup. Pretty soon there may be no more sharks left thanks to this idiotic fetish.

:: Gulf News

More on the threats to Sharks in the Middle East:

How Sharks Keep Us Breathing: An Interview With Filmmaker Jonathan Ali Khan

Dubai Marine Life at Risk After Devastating Shark Catch

Egypt’s Red Sea Sharks Face Extinction

The post Shark Fin Soup Can Give You Brain Damage appeared first on Green Prophet.